Renal biopsy findings
Tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN)
Connective tissue disease
Sjögren syndrome(3, 25, 26), Rheumatoid
arthritis(29)
Mesangial
proliferative Sjögren syndrome(3), Polymyositis(58, 62, 63),
glomerulonephritis / IgA nephropathy
Dermatomyositis(70),
Systemic
lupus
erythematosus(92), Rheumatoid arthritis(29,
140)
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis Sjögren
syndrome(25),
Systemic
lupus
(FSGS)
erythematosus(93),
Antiphospholipid
syndrome(125), Rheumatoid arthritis(141)
Cryoglobulinemic
membrano- Sjögren syndrome(3, 25)
proliferative glomerulonephritis
Minimal change disease
Sjögren syndrome(25, 36), Polymyositis(64),
Systemic
lupus
erythematosus(94,
95),
Antiphospholipid syndrome(125), Rheumatoid
arthritis(29)
Membranous nephropathy
Sjögren syndrome(3, 25), Polymyositis(65),
Dermatomyositis(67-69),
Class
V
lupus
nephritis(90), Antiphospholipid syndrome(125),
Rheumatoid arthritis(29, 134-136)
Secondary renal amyloidosis
Sjögren syndrome(30), Rheumatoid arthritis(29,
137, 138)
Thrombotic microangiopathy
Antiphospholipid
syndrome(120,
124),
Scleroderma renal crisis(24)
Diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis Dermatomyositis(61)
IgM nephropathy
Systemic lupus erythematosus(93)
Collapsing glomerulopathy
Systemic lupus erythematosus(91)
Lupus nephritis
Class I to VI lupus nephritis(90), drug-induced
proliferative lupus nephritis(144)
Fibrillary glomerulonephritis
Antiphospholipid
syndrome(126)Rheumatoid
arthritis(142)
Necrotizing
crescentic Scleroderma(47), Rheumatoid arthritis(143)
glomerulonephritis (including druginduced forms)
Focal proliferative glomerulonephritis
Rheumatoid arthritis(29)
Crescentic GN with FSGS
Polymyositis[61]
C3 nephropathy
Antiphospholipid syndrome(125)
Table 1. Overview over kidney biopsy findings in patient with CTDs.