Olfactory responses of Epilachna dodecastigma (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) to long-chain fatty acids from
Momordica charantia leaves
Journal name: Arthropod-Plant Interactions
Nupur Sarkar • Abhishek Mukherjee • Anandamay Barik*
Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan – 713 104, West
Bengal, India
*To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: anandamaybarik@yahoo.co.in
*Corresponding author. Tel.: 0342 2634200; Fax: 0342 2634200
(A)
Proportions of different synthetic fatty acids mixed to prepare concentrations like young leaves of M. charantia plant
Synthetic
Concentration (µg/ml)
fatty acid
12.5
25
50
100
200
C 12:0
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.06
0.12
C 13:0
a
b
c
0.05
0.11
C 14:0
0.08
0.16
0.32
0.64
1.29
C 15:0
0.10
0.21
0.41
0.83
1.65
C16:0
7.28
14.56
29.12
58.24
116.49
C16:1
0.20
0.40
0.81
1.62
3.23
C17:0
0.15
0.29
0.59
1.18
2.35
C 18:0
0.87
1.75
3.49
6.98
13.96
C 18:1
0.09
0.17
0.34
0.68
1.36
C 18:2
0.26
0.52
1.04
2.07
4.14
C 18:3*
1.86
3.72
7.44
14.88
29.76
C 19:0
0.01
0.02
0.04
0.07
0.14
C 20:0
n. d.
n. d.
n. d.
n. d.
n. d.
n. d. means not detected.
a, b, and c represents 7, 13, and 26 ng, respectively.
C18:3* means alpha-linolenic acid
Adding of each fatty acid in each mixture of fatty acids concentration will not be exactly equal because some fatty acids were unidentified in the natural extract.
(B) Proportions of different synthetic fatty acids mixed to prepare concentrations like mature leaves of M. charantia plant
Synthetic
Concentration (µg/ml)
fatty acid
12.5
25
50
100
200
C 12:0
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.05
0.10
C 13:0
a
b
c
0.03
0.06
C 14:0
0.05
0.11
0.22
0.43
0.86
C 15:0
0.05
0.11
0.21
0.43
0.85
C16:0
4.95
9.89
19.78
39.56
79.13
C16:1
0.07
0.13
0.26
0.52
1.05
C17:0
0.03
0.07
0.13
0.27
0.54
C 18:0
0.66
1.32
2.64
5.29
10.57
C 18:1
1.84
3.68
7.35
14.70
29.40
C 18:2
1.89
3.79
7.58
15.15
30.31
C 18:3*
2.27
4.54
9.08
18.17
36.33
C 19:0
0.04
0.07
0.14
0.28
0.56
C 20:0
0.04
0.09
0.17
0.34
0.68
C18:3* means alpha-linolenic acid.
a, b, and c represents 3, 7, and 14 ng, respectively.
Adding of each fatty acid in each mixture of fatty acids concentration will not be exactly equal because some fatty acids were unidentified in the natural extract.
(C) Proportions of different synthetic fatty acids mixed to prepare concentrations like senescent leaves of M. charantia plant
Synthetic
Concentration (µg/ml)
fatty acid
12.5
25
50
100
200
C 12:0
0.02
0.03
0.06
0.13
0.25
C 13:0
0.03
0.07
0.13
0.26
0.52
C 14:0
0.22
0.44
0.87
1.74
3.48
C 15:0
0.15
0.31
0.61
1.23
2.46
C16:0
8.51
17.01
34.02
68.04
136.08
C16:1
0.10
0.20
0.41
0.82
1.63
C17:0
0.05
0.11
0.21
0.42
0.84
C 18:0
0.78
1.56
3.12
6.24
12.48
C 18:1
0.12
0.23
0.46
0.93
1.85
C 18:2
0.16
0.32
0.65
1.29
2.58
C 18:3*
0.23
0.46
0.93
1.86
3.71
C 19:0
0.02
0.04
0.08
0.17
0.33
C 20:0
n. d.
n. d.
n. d.
n. d.
n. d.
C18:3* means alpha-linolenic acid.
n. d. means not detected.
Adding of each fatty acid in each mixture of fatty acids concentration will not be exactly equal because some fatty acids were unidentified in the natural extract.