Chapter 11 Vocabulary
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Industrial Revolution – a time period during which machines gradually took the place of many
hand tools
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factory system – brought workers and machinery together in one place
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capitalist – a person who invests capital, or money, in a business to earn a profit
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Francis Cabot Lowell – an American who, with other capitalists, built a factory where spinning
and weaving were done in the same building
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mass production – the rapid manufacture of large numbers of identical objects
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interchangeable parts – identical pieces that could be assembled quickly by unskilled workers
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urbanization – the growth of cities due to the movement of people from rural areas to cities
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telegraph – a device that used electrical signals to send messages
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Samuel F. B. Morse – the inventor of the telegraph
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famine – widespread starvation
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nativists – people who wanted to preserve the country for white, American-born Protestants
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discrimination – the denial of equal rights or equal treatment to certain groups of people
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cotton gin – a machine that used a spiked cylinder to remove seeds from cotton fibers
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slave code – laws that controlled every aspect of the lives of enslaved African Americans
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spiritual – a religious folk song that blended biblical themes with the realities of slavery
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Nat Turner – a slave who led a famous slave revolt in 1831
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Daniel Boone – a famous early pioneer who helped clear the Wilderness Road
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turnpike – a toll road
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corduroy road – a road made of sawed-off logs laid side by side
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canal – a channel that is dug across land and filled with water
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Henry Clay – a senator who persuaded Congress to adopt the Missouri Compromise