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Name: ________________________________ Date: _________________ Period: _______
Printed Notes
20th Century Texas: The Modern Era
(Chapter 20)
Oil – Texas Gold!
• __________________: Texas strikes _____ at _________________ (near Beaumont).
• First major oil strike in Texas!
• _________shot ______________ barrels of oil per day until capped 9 days later.
• Started the __________________ in Texas.
• Boosted the overall ______________________________ in Texas, especially ________________.
Effects of Spindletop.
• Impact:
1. Oil fields created new ________________and __________________________ in Texas (Humble Oil, Exxon-Mobil).
2. Most important – it encouraged _______________ and ____________ in _________________ of Texas.
Houston Benefits from Oil Boom.
• Houston became the _________ of the oil business industry.
• Petroleum companies needed the __________, ____________, _______________, and _____________ Houston could
provide.
• 1914 – ____________________________ opened which allowed large ships and barges into the port.
Oil Boom Opens Other Industries.
• Oil boom created _________ for ____________ for ____________, ______________, and
_______________________.
• Major industry in ___________________ of East Texas.
• Also created new ___________ built around the lumber industry.
Progressive Movement in Texas.
• Population growth in the cities brought in new problems and forced Texans to deal with existing ones.
• The Progressive Movement attempted to reform (solve) these problems.
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Progressive Movement Reforms.
• Reforms included:
1.new form of _____________________ (after Galveston hurricane),
2.the _________________________________,
3._____________________________,
4.____________________,
5.____________________ and other ___________________ organizations
Progressive Reforms.
• Terrell Election Law was passed in _________ and remains the basic ________________ in Texas today. This Law
ensured:
1.______________ would be carried out ____________
2.____________________ voting
3.______________ campaigning near ________________________
4._____________________ held before the last general election.
Progressive Reforms.
• Women were still working to ______________________ and gain _____________________.
• 1918 - Governor ___________________ granted Texas women ________________ in Texas _________ elections.
• 1920 - ___________________ passed gave women constitutional _______________ in elections.
Progressive Reforms.
• Progressive reformers targeted the sale of ______________________ as the center of _____________ (no-good). They
argued that saloons were associated with _________________________.
• Groups including ________________________________________ claimed alcohol was associated with illegal
activities like gambling, theft, and left many families in poverty.
• _________ -Texas approved a ________________________ law.
• 1920 – _______________________ to the U.S. Constitution made __________________ the law of the land.
Progressive Reforms.
• Progressives focused on ______________________, a return to _______________, and ________________________.
• The _________________________________________ was a very ______________organization that successfully
promoted “___________________________,” while promoting ________________________ in athletic contests in
gyms. The YMCA remains much the same today.
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Discrimination in Texas.
• _________________ Party passed ________________ laws, that discriminated against __________________ and
many ______________________. These laws ___________ these people from using public ____________,
______________, and attending ________________________.
• Discrimination was present in ___________________________, too. African Americans, as well as Mexican-Americans
lived in sections of towns with _________________________, lighting, sewage, and police protection. Children attended
_______________________ which were often poorly constructed, lacking basic school equipment and supplies.
Discrimination in Texas.
• ____________________ led to violence. Those accused of minor crimes were sometimes ____________ by mobs
(usually KKK).
• Ku Klux Klan was a ________________________ group during this time.
• 1902 - Democratic Party requires payment of a ________________ and adopts a _______________restriction for the
primary election. These bar most African Americans from __________ and/or ______________ in politics.
NAACP and Mutualistas.
• __________ – In Houston, the _______________________________________________________________ began.
They worked to ________________________ and create _________________________.
• Mexican Americans joined labor unions and formed _____________________________ (mutual assistance societies)
to provide _________________________ with weddings, funerals, and aid to the poor.