History of Western Theatre (by Betapics)
1.
What change occurred in the 6th century when the celebrations were formalized?
- women couldn’t participate
2.
How did the celebration begin?
Sacrifice of a goat
3.
How many people were in the chorus?
Up to 50
4.
What is a dithyramb? – a hymn in worship of Dionysis
5.
Thespis started the trend of a solo actor impersonating the characters of the songs. He used MASKS to
distinguish between different characters… He became the _ answerer or hypkrtios. He as it were stepped out of
his normal being the EXTASE and came in a state of divinity the ENTHOUSTASE. The actor spoke and acted as if
he was DIVINE.
6.
The chorus (and its members) acted as: NARRATORS AND commentators
7.
What was the name of the annual festival? CITY OF DIONYSIA
8.
When did the skene become a permanent stone structure? 4th c BC
9.
How many roles would each actor play? Many including female parts
10.
IN the time of Aeschylsu, the actors playe din the __________ _________ with _____________ of spectators.
So, in those days the delivery is probably more DECLAMENToRY than realistic. . Open air, thousands
11.
Name Aeschylus’ play featured in the video. Aegemmemnon
12.
Structure of the play:
PROLOGUE – the start of the play, an opening speech
_____________ - the entrance of the chorus PARADOS
_____________ - departure of the chorus EXODUS
Part Two
12.
What is Sophocles credited with? Third actor, scenic paintings pinakes
13.
Sophocles created more complex and physiologically well motivated characters
14.
Euripides more naturalistic or human approach
15.
Why were the plays of Euripides not well accepted during his time? – portrayal of strong intelligent women
characters and called in question the sands of justice of the gods
16.
Name Euripides’ play featured in the video. Medea
17.
The festival honouring DIonysis occurred during which month? March
18.
19.
What is the name of the building where the plays were held? Acropolis
Instruments used to accompany the singers:
- stringed instrument – lyre or cithara
- double reed and two pipes – aulos player
Part 3
20.
The chorus of the satyr play is made up of SATYRS
21.
The satyr plays were replaced with the ______________ (OLD) COMEDIES because they deal with current
events/issues.
22.
The chorus of comedy was often composed of NON HUMAN CREATURES such as wasps, frogs, or even clouds.
23.
The costumes for tragedies were much like the robes of priests and musicians elaborate woven
24.
Comedy costumes for actors (not chorus) bared the breast, buttocks and stomach with long floppy leather
phallus. The masks were distorted CARICATURES.
25.
What is the parabasis? All the actors leave the stage
26.
Arisophanes’ anti-war comedy Lysistrata features the women of the states of __________ and ___________.
The women deny the men ___________ until they stop __________________. sex fighting Athens and Sparta
27.
Tragedies were most popular during the __________ of Greek society. Comedy, an outlet for the
FRUSTRATIONS of society as well as a diversion for the masses, was most popular during the decline of Greek
government.
28.
New comedy began after Athens lost wars against the Spartans and the Macedonians. Politician issues were
ignored. First time love became a principle element in drama seldom an honest love, role of chorus often
diminished.
29.
Costume based on ordinary life, more realistic masks
30.
Different everyday affairs not events of the past
31.
Menander – happy ending, disapproval of parent of marriage of child
Contemporary dialect,
32.
Comedy became less popular and
Drama contests stopped in first century AD
Part 4
33.
When Alexander the Great took over the Greek city states, plays were no longer performed only at Dionysian
festivals. Many new theatres were built.
34.
The most important Hellenistic innovation was the Logeion, the _____________
__________.
the raised
stage.
35.
Openings or doors known as THYROMATA might have been used as a miniature proscenium arch.
36.
When did mainland Greece become a Roman province? 146 BC
37.
How did the stage change after the Romans took over? Lowered stage larger playing areas and heightened
skene, orchestra surround with stone barricade to protect spectators, skene adorned with sculptures,
Only temporary wooden theatres were built.
38.
Theatre was deemed a threat to Roman morality. IN Greece theatre was a symbol of DEMOCRACY but
the Roman Republic was ARISTOCRATIC.
39.
VELUM A wooden or linen canvas covering to protect spectators from sun and rain.
40.
Greek theatres were not ENCLOSED so those in the higher seats could see the countryside.
41.
Changes in theatres from Classical Greece through Hellenistic Period to Roman times
Orchestra goes from _______ circle to 2/3 circle to __________ - circle. (full, semi)
Stages – from proskene to logeion to _________________ pulpitum