Name: ___________________________________________
Period: ____ Due Date: __________
DNA: Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis Unit Study Guide
*In prepration for a test, you should be able to define and explain all vocab words in addition to being able to answer and
explain the following questions or concepts:
DNA Structure and Function
1.
What is the job of the DNA?
2.
Where is the DNA stored in the cell? Why is it stored here?
3.
What is the name of the building block that forms DNA?
4.
What are the 3 parts of that DNA building block (from #3)?
5.
What are the two molecules that make up the DNA backbone?
6.
What makes up the “rungs” of the DNA molecule?
7.
How do the bases in DNA pair?
8.
What type of bond holds the DNA bases together?
9.
How is the information stored in DNA?
10. What is the relationship between a gene, a chromosome, and DNA?
11. How can a DNA sequence tell you about the relationship between 2 different species?
12. What is the shape of the DNA molecule?
13. Label the DNA molecule below. Use bases, hydrogen bonds, sugar/phosphate backbone.
DNA Replication
14. What is made in DNA replication?
15. When does DNA replication occur?
16. Why must DNA replication occur?
17. What is the name of the enzyme that carries out DNA replication?
18. Where does DNA replication occur?
Transcription and Translation
19. What happens during transcription?
20. Where does transcription occur?
21. What is the name of the enzyme that carries out transcription?
22. List the 3 ways RNA is different from DNA.
23. If a complementary DNA sequence is TACAAAGCTATAACT, what is the mRNA sequence?
24. What has to happen after the mRNA is made but before the mRNA leaves the nucleus?
25. What happens during translation?
26. Where in the cell does translation occur?
27. On which organelle does translation occur?
28. What is the name of the type of RNA that brings the amino acids to the ribosomes?
29. What is the name of the type of RNA that makes up the ribosome?
30. What are codons?
31. What are the building blocks of proteins?
32. If an mRNA sequence is AUGCGGAAAGGGUGA, what is the amino acid sequence?
33. How are the rough endoplasmic reticulum and the golgi body involved in protein production?
34.
Coding DNA:
Noncoding/complementary
DNA:
mRNA:
Amino acids:
TCA GCC AGC ATT AAC GAC TAG AAA CTT AGA CCC AGT