Master of Education in Educational Leadership: School Leadership K-12 Emphasis Brief Program History The Master’s degree in Educational Leadership at NAU was created in the late 1980’s as part of a nationwide trend among Education professionals to move from a program training school administrators to one that focused on teaching candidates important leadership skills. At that time, all courses moved from the EdAd prefix to EDL prefix and all courses were renumbered. Before 2002, the state standard for certification was 54 graduate credit hours plus 30 credit hours of educational leadership/school administration. Of the 30 hour requirement for coursework in educational leadership/school administration, 21 hours (i.e., 7 courses) were identified in State Board of Education rule language. The remaining 9 credit hours (3 courses) could be from elective coursework. NAU met this requirement by offering a 54 graduate semester hour program in Educational leadership that included 15 hours of Educational Leadership coursework, 12 hours of Foundations coursework, 21 hours of required certification courses, and 6 hours of electives. NAU offered coursework to 30+ regional sites through Interactive Instructional Television using full-time faculty and in-person coursework through part-time faculty. In 2002, the state department of education (ADE) changed the requirement for principal certification, reducing the overall number of credit hours to 36, of which 21 hours of specific coursework were identified in certification rule language. NAU continued to offer only the 54 hour program until 2006 when the Department of Educational Leadership changed the curriculum to include 2 tracks for degree candidates: a 36 hour program leading directly to Arizona certification as a principal and a 54 hour program in leadership with an embedded graduate certificate that could be used for obtaining principal certification. The 54 hour Master’s degree program in leadership was designed to address the needs of teacher-leaders who might want to study leadership, but did not want to change job or roles in the K-12 system to become a school principal. In 2006, Educational Leadership determined that all classes in the 54 hour Master’s degree should be offered in an online delivery method. At least 9 hours (i.e., 3 classes) in the state regulated certification program for Principal certification were not available to be moved to online delivery. In 2008, EDL change all certification courses from 700-level prefix numbers to 600-level prefix numbers. Now, in 2012, the School Leadership program is undergoing significant revisions under a NAU President’s Innovation Grant. EDL faculty members have been working for almost two years to M.Ed. in Educational Leadership Page 1 redesign this program to reduce the overall number of credit hours from 36 hours to a 30 hour program to make the program more attractive to potential candidates. The redesign is intended to narrow the focus and core classes to only those courses that are most critical to the acquisition of leadership skills and knowledge. This changes the focus of the degree and the target audience to include individuals who do not plan to become principals at this point in their career. The redesigned degree will enable individuals who are moving into leadership positions within schools to gain valuable leadership skills. These positions may include, but are not limited to; special education directors and chairs, instructional coaches, department chairs, deans and teachers on special assignment. Specialization strands will be part of the coursework so that students can specialize in their area of interest. Once the full redesign is finished and all curriculum approval processes have been completed, the new program will be available online, in hybrid format, and in person to will allow students to choose between three different tracks. Program Description The M.Ed. in Educational Leadership is currently a 36-hour program, with one specialization area is School Leadership. Although designed and intended primarily for professionals working in educational settings, this degree may also be appropriate for individuals looking to assume leadership positions in other professions. Coursework leading to a master's degree is offered in numerous locations throughout Arizona. Admission applications are processed throughout the year, with no specified limit on the number of students accepted. No teaching experience is required to apply to this program. Learning Outcomes Upon completion of the plan, the student will be able to: Serve in leadership positions at the K-12 level which do not necessarily require State administrator certification (examples may include, but are not limited to, teachers serving as a department chair of an academic unit, leading curriculum initiatives, working with school and community programs, etc.) Below are newly adopted specific outcomes the student, once graduated, should meet: Students understand and can collect and use data to identify school goals, assess organizational effectiveness, and implement plans to achieve school goals. Students understand and can sustain a school culture and instructional program conducive to student learning through collaboration, trust, and a personalized learning environment with high expectations for students. M.Ed. in Educational Leadership Page 2 Students understand and can create and evaluate a comprehensive, rigorous, and coherent curricular and instructional school program. Students understand and can develop and supervise the instructional and leadership capacity of school staff. Students understand and can promote the most effective and appropriate technologies to support teaching and learning in a school environment. Students understand and can promote school-based policies and procedures that protect the welfare and safety of students and staff within the school. Students understand and can ensure teacher and organizational time focuses on supporting high-quality school instruction and student learning. Students understand and can collaborate with faculty and community members by collecting and analyzing information pertinent to the improvement of the school's educational environment. Students understand and can mobilize community resources by promoting an understanding, appreciation, and use of diverse cultural, social, and intellectual resources within the school community. Students understand and can respond to community interests and needs by building and sustaining positive school relationships with families and caregivers. Students understand and can respond to community interests and needs by building and sustaining productive school relationships with community partners. Students understand and can act with integrity and fairness to ensure a school system of accountability for every student's academic and social success. Students understand and can model principles of self-awareness, reflective practice, transparency, and ethical behavior as related to their roles within the school. Students understand and can safeguard the values of democracy, equity, and diversity within the school. Students understand and can evaluate the potential moral and legal consequences of decision-making in the school. Students understand and can promote social justice within the school to ensure M.Ed. in Educational Leadership Page 3 that individual student needs inform all aspects of schooling. Students understand and can anticipate and assess emerging trends and initiatives in order to adapt school-based leadership strategies. Students will further their skills and knowledge base per the area of “specialization” they select. This emphasis requires 36 hours of coursework, as follows: 12 hours of required foundations courses (including a research course and a course in school law) 15 hours of required leadership skills development courses 9 hours of specialization electives These hours are obtained through the following courses, as outlined in the program of study: FOUNDATIONS: (12 semester hours) EDR 610 Introduction to Research EDF 630 or EDL 622 Foundations of Ed. Law or Legal Aspects of Sch. Admin 2 EDF electives (6 hours) chosen from the following: EDF 670 Educational Philosophy EDF 671 History of American Education EDF 672 Comparative Education EDF 673 International Education EDF 677 Educational Sociology EDL 623 Publicity and Politics of Education LEADERSHIP SKILL DEVELOPMENT: (15 semester hours) to be taken sequentially EDL 600 Leadership Skills EDL 630 Leadership Development [prerequisite EDL 600] EDL 650 Critical Issues in Educational Leadership [no prerequisite] EDL 660 Action Learning Modules [prerequisite EDL 600/630] EDL 680 Masters Seminar (culminating experience) [prerequisite EDL 600/630/660] SPECIALIZATION ELECTIVES: (9 semester hours) One elective from any of the Teaching & Learning courses, i.e., an ECI class (EDL 625 or EDL 662 may be substituted for the T&L requirement); one elective from the remaining leadership knowledge domain courses (EDL 622, 623, 625, 627, 629, 732, 635, 737, 738, or 662); one elective from the student's area of specialization. The Education Specialization M.Ed. in Educational Leadership Page 4 class must be any 600-level or higher NAU Education course unless you have prior written approval from the EDL department chair. Background Information Enrollment: The vast majority of students in the Educational Leadership Master’s Degree program are located in communities around the state of Arizona. These students work full time in public, charter and private school while completing courses at extend campus facilities or on-line. Very few students are full time graduate students. The decline in enrollment since 2006 can be attributed to a variety of factors, yet most evident are: economic factors for both students and school districts. Educators at the beginning of their career are the individuals who usually enroll in master’s degree programs. These early career professional are also the individuals are most likely to receive reduction in force notification as districts are forced to downsize. Early career educators have not been willing to commit to the expense of a master’s degree not knowing if the will have a job in their school district in the future. As school district budgets have shrunk, so have corresponding funds available to support students taking master’s degree courses. Number of Candidates Enrolled Enrollment Trend for the M.Ed. in Educational Leadership: School Leadership 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 FY 04 FY 05 FY 06 FY 07 FY 08 FY 09 FY 10 FY 11 FY 12 Unduplicated 3 1 1 206 172 148 136 109 95 Duplicated 3 181 379 287 228 180 154 104 *Duplicated counts were obtained from PAIR data on programs. Unduplicated counts were obtained by using PAIR data for the fall term of each academic year. Unduplicated count was not available for FY 12. Graduation Rates M.Ed. in Educational Leadership Page 5 School Leadership Degrees Awarded by Location (PAIR data, duplicated count) Degree Awarded FY 04 FY 05 FY 06 FY 07 FY 08 FY 09 FY 10 FY 11 FY 12 Community Campuses 1 1 125 168 93 66 47 55 49 Flagstaff 2 4 6 3 1 3 2 Online 0 2 4 4 1 0 0 Yuma 15 6 5 1 1 0 0 TOTAL 1 1 142 180 108 74 50 58 51 Enrollment Rates by Gender & Program Diversity Number of Enrolled School Leadership Students by Gender (PAIR data, unduplicated count) Gender Female FY 04 3 FY 05 0 FY 06 (100%) Male TOTAL 0 3 FY 07 127 FY 08 112 FY 09 108 FY 10 94 FY 11 81 FY 12 61 (62%) (65% (73%) (69%) (74%) (73%) 1 1 79 60 40 42 28 22 (100% ) (100%) (38%) (35%) (27%) (31%) (26%) (27%) 1 1 206 172 148 136 109 83* *FY 11 Gender data only includes students in the M.Ed., excluding those in the “preparation” track. The total (83) is slightly lower than the total for FY Ethnicity/Race data, which does include those candidates in both the M.Ed. track and the “preparation” track. Enrolled School Leadership Students by Race/Ethnicity (PAIR data, unduplicated count) Race / Ethnicity African American Asian American Hispanic Native American White FY 04 FY 05 FY 06 FY 07 FY 08 FY 09 FY 10 FY 11 FY 12 9 9 5 8 2 11 (4%) (6%) (3%) (6%) (2%) (12%) 3 3 3 8 5 2 (1%) (1%) (2%) (6%) (5%) (2%) 1 1 30 13 19 20 13 12 (100%) (100% ) (15%) (8%) (14%) (15%) (12%) (13%) 5 7 2 8 7 4 (2%) (4%) (1%) (6%) (6%) (4%) 3 151 138 112 86 76 63 (100%) (75%) (80%) (76%) (62%) (70%) (66%) Other/Not Specified Two or more International 7 2 2 2 2 1 (3%) (1%) (1%) (5%) (2%) (1%)( 4 3 2 (3%) (3%) (2%) 109 95 1 (>1%) TOTAL 3 1 1 206 172 148 136 As is evident in the data above, the School Leadership has seen a steady decline in student numbers over the past few years. Department faculty are aware of this and have been thinking about ways to make the program more relevant for today’s educational needs. Hence, the EDL M.Ed. in Educational Leadership Page 6 department applied for the President’s Innovation Grant funding to support a major revision of this particular degree path. Relationship to NAU’s mission and strategic goals The M.Ed. in Educational Leadership: School Leadership addresses the values, mission and strategic goals of NAU. The program is designed to prepare professionals to assume leadership roles in K-12 educational settings in Arizona, in the western region, nationally, and globally. One area of emphasis in this program is on creating a learning-centered approach in all courses (NAU Goal 1 Learner-Centered University) through the variety of delivery methods used in the program, a focus on instructional practices geared to adult learners, and a program tailored to working professionals. Rigorous, high-quality program experiences focus on student success by placing the learner at the center of its program. To address the NAU Goal 2 (Increased access to higher education), the School Leadership program uses available technologies to ensure that the program is of high quality and accessible to students throughout Arizona and beyond the state borders, and by making the program affordable and feasible to students living in diverse communities and with various career demands. There is also a major emphasis within the program on working with underserved populations, particularly Native Americans and Hispanics (NAU Goal 6 Commitment to Native Americans). In addition to a close articulation with the NAU mission and goals, the program is aligned with and supports the strategic plan of the College of Education, specifically Goals 1, 4, 5 and 7. By creating a program that develops teacher-leaders, the M.Ed. in Educational Leadership: School Leadership creates a cadre of leaders across the state serving in K-12 settings. This cadre positions NAU as a leader in preparing high quality professionals serving our schools (CoE Goal 1 Leadership in Education in Arizona). The program has developed methods of course delivery to reach out to educators serving rural and reservation-based programs in Arizona, helping the college to be seen as a national leading college of education serving Hispanic/Latino(a) candidates (CoE Goal 5 Become a national leader in serving Native American students). Perhaps most significantly, the program is designed to address leadership broadly defined to include traditional leaders (principals) and other forms of leadership such as teacher-leaders, curriculum specialists, and mentor/coaches as leaders. Program quality The EDL faculty attempt to maintain a high standard of program quality in the School Leadership program, but unfortunately, some aspects of program delivery are not within our control. As the program moved further off campus through distance delivery initiatives, fulltime tenure track faculty slowly lost control over aspects of the program (including, for M.Ed. in Educational Leadership Page 7 example, the hiring of part-time instructors, the syllabi that were used for courses, course materials and pedagogies, and the standards expected of students in the courses). Over the past few years, EDL faculty have been deeply concerned about this and have had many conversations about how to best rectify this situation. We have, for example, assigned lead faculty to each of the courses, developed standard syllabi that are distributed to part-time instructors, and mentored part-time instructors on the standard syllabi and course expectations. We feel that some of these efforts have had an impact, but without some commitment to support faculty time in these endeavors (i.e., through course releases or some other compensation), we are unable to implement them to the extent we would like. The program relies very heavily on part-time instructors to offer courses for this degree program. On average, we have 99 part-time instructors (in addition to our 15 full-time faculty) teaching EDF, EDL, and EDR courses across the state and 18 part-time instructors (in addition to 1 fulltime faculty member) teaching all CC/HE courses across the state. Qualifications of Fulltime Faculty Teaching Course in the Program M.Ed. In EDL K-12 Yrs Teaching Name PhD/EdD Med/MA BA/BS Angelina Castagno PhD EdPol M.Ed. EdPol B.A. Phil 0 0 6 Frances Riemer PhD Ed Antrho M.S. SecEd B.S. SecEd 4 1 24 Gary Emanuel DA MA BS 4 18 18 Gerald Wood PhD InstrLdr M.Ed/EDL B.S.Forsrv 6 Guy Senese SecEd-Soc Phil 4 Ishmael Munene PhD/EdPol PhD Admin/Policy M.Ed/Intl BS SecEng 0.5 Karyn Blair EdD M.Ed Sec BS PE 12 19 4 Mary Culver EdD EDL M.A. C&I B.S. StatHx 9 1 8 Michael Schwanenberger EdD EDL M.Ed Sec BS PE 10 27 4 Mary Dereshiwsky PhD BusAdmin M.S. Acct 0 0 21 Ric Wiggall EdD EdAdmin M.A. Sec B.S. Educ B.S. Chem&Bio 8 18 13 William Wright EdD EdLdr M.A. B.A. 5 23 17 M.Ed. in Educational Leadership Oth K-12 Yrs HEd 6 2 24 16 Page 8 Walter Delecki PhD EdAdmin M.A.Ed. Admin BBA Fin/Econ 3 20 12 Total Average 65.5 5.0 129.0 9.9 173.0 13.3 The table below indicates faculty teaching core courses: EDL Full-Time Core Faculty Angelina Castagno Frances Riemer Gary Emanuel Gerald Wood Guy Senese Ishmael Munene Karyn Blair Mary Culver Mary Dereshiwsky Ric Wiggall William Wright Rank Associate Professor Professor Associate Professor Associate Professor Professor Associate Professor Clinical Asst Prof Clinical Associate Professor Professor Associate Professor Professor Department Courses Taught/Lead Faculty Assigned EDF 677 EDF 677 EDF 671, EDL 623 EDF 677 EDF 670 EDR 610, EDF 672, 673 EDL 600, 650 EDL 630 EDR 610 EDL 680 EDL660 Evidence of Teaching Effectiveness and Innovation Course evaluations for M.Ed. in Educational Leadership: School Leadership classes in the most recent academic year (2011-2102) are depicted in the chart below (5 point Likert scale; 5 is Outstanding; 4 is Very Good). The instrument used to complete course ratings use a Likert-like 5 point scale where a rating of five is defined as Outstanding, a rating of three is Satisfactory, and a rating of one is deemed to be Unsatisfactory. While the course evaluation instrument samples a variety instructional design, instructional delivery, course management and instructor variables, two items were extracted as the best indicators of course quality: The extent to which candidates perceived that the course increased their knowledge and the degree to which the course was considered to be worthwhile. Reviewing the results of courses in the program during this review period, instructors and the overall course content are evaluated as very good to outstanding. Students appear to be very satisfied with the instruction in the Masters in Secondary Education program. The response rate from students averages about the high 30% to mid-40% range. Low student response rate is a concern since COE went to electronic methods of rating professors. The chair and assistant chair of the educational Leadership department review both full and part-time faculty student course rating on a semester basis. Course ratings over 4.0 are M.Ed. in Educational Leadership Page 9 generally considered acceptable. Ratings over 4.5 are general considered outstanding. A review of the master’s degree courses listed indicates improvement required in EDR 610 (one of the beginning courses in the program which many students find difficult), EDF 672 (taught infrequently) and EDL 660 (taught mainly by part-time faculty). Courses considered outstanding by student reviews include EDL 622, EDL 671 and EDL 680. We are working on ways to improve response rates to be 50% as a minimum. EDL 630 realized a higher than average level of student satisfaction. An Emeritus faculty member has been teaching EDL for several years and his methodology of instruction and general wealth of experience has led to this high level of satisfaction in EDL 630. EDR 610 and EDL 660 have received less than the average level of student satisfaction. EDR 610 is often a master’s student’s first experience with an online course. Additionally, EDR 610 has the highest number of classes offered each semester by parttime instructors. The EDL department will be discussing means of raising student satisfaction in EDR 610 and EDL 660 through an analysis of available data and then apply intervention strategies. EDL 660 is primarily taught by part-time faculty and it is a course that is applied to other degree programs beyond M.Ed. in Educational Leadership: School Leadership: k-12 Emphasis. FOUNDATIONS Course Number and Title EDR 610 Introduction to Research Sections Taught 2011-12 28 Response Rate (range) 50% Increased Knowledge Course Worthwhile 3.80 3.71 4.25 4.23 4.59 4.19 4.24 4.09 4.67 4.56 3.96 3.91 Not Taught in 2011-12 4.43 Not Taught in 2011-12 4.32 Response Rate (range) Increased Knowledge Course Worthwhile 50% 4.37 4.25 4.31 4.40 (0-100%) EDF 630 Foundations of Education Law 5 35% (6-52(%) EDL 622 Legal Aspects of School Administration EDF 670 Philosophy of Education 13 40% (0-73%) 8 31% (0-56%) EDF 671 History of American Education 8 52% (0-100%) EDF 672 Comparative Education 3 43% (13-90%) EDF 673 International Education n/a n/a% (%) EDF 677 Education Sociology 4 48% (33-67%) EDL 623 Publicity and Politics of Education Course Number and Title Sections Taught 2011-12 EDL 600 Leadership Skills 18 LEADERSHIP SKILL DEVELOPMENT (11-100%) EDL 630 Leadership Development 7 80% (33-100%) M.Ed. in Educational Leadership Page 10 EDL 650 Critical Issues in Educational Leadership EDL 660 Action Learning Modules 12 35% 4.21 4.13 3.76 3.60 4.63 4.63 (0-57%) 5 42% (30-57%) EDL 680 Master’s Seminar 8 45% (33-60%) Assessment of Student Learning/Success Student learning outcomes and success are mainly determined by course grades. Educational Leadership Constituents Council (ELCC) standards serve as the cornerstone of all of our EDL master’s degree programs. Achievement of course objectives relating to ELCC standards serve as the basis for student grades. Additionally, specific courses require field work experience of 15 hours which students log as an assignment for a portion of their grade. Mentoring and Research Activity of Graduate Students One important strength of the Educational Leadership department is the mentor/faculty relationship which is established with each student individually. Faculty members who teach in the Educational Leadership department (both full-time and part-time) have been or currently are practicing school and leaders. They are current and are leading by example. Faculty members are able to blend the theoretical concepts of leadership into practical application activities for students. Faculty members are located throughout the state so that students have ample opportunities to access faculty who serve as their mentors. Faculty mentors are able to assist students with action research (predominately) projects that are occurring in their schools and school districts. Faculty contributions: Faculty teaching in the School Leadership program are very active in the profession, in our local communities, and nationally. For a list of recent faculty contributions, please see the appendix. EDL Core Faculty Publications and Presentations, 2003-2012 EDL Core Faculty Publications Core Faculty 2003-2012 Authored Book Journal Conference Appendix H Books Chapters Publications Presentations n= 14 M.Ed. in Educational Leadership 22 39 122 249 Page 11 During the time period 2003 through 2012 the fourteen Educational Leadership core faculty authored 22 books, 39 book chapters, 122 journal publications, and 249 conference presentations (international, national, state, regional, and local). These are summarized above and can be found in Appendices H, Core Faculty Publications and Core Faculty Presentations. We consider these numbers to be a substantial contribution to the field of educational leadership. See the Appendices file for details on faculty scholarship. Strategic plans for the future: Students As mentioned above, the EDL faculty members are currently in the process of reworking this degree entirely. Our ability to move ahead with this will largely depend on approval of President’s Innovation Grant funds from the president’s office. We hope this effort will be approved so that we can develop a program that is more responsive to the current economic situation and student and community needs. The new program would see a reduction in required credit hours, more opportunities to obtain the degree online, and more relevant degree paths from which students may choose and thus, appeal to a larger student market. Faculty/Staff 1. The EDL department will be discussing means of raising student satisfaction in EDR 610 and EDL 660 through an analysis of available data and then apply intervention strategies. EDL 660 is primarily taught by part-time faculty and it is a course that is applied to other degree programs beyond M.Ed. in Educational Leadership: School Leadership: k-12 Emphasis. 2. Future improvements for the M.Ed. in Educational Leadership: School Leadership K-12 Emphasis Program will include addressing faculty/staff course evaluation (student satisfaction), program enhancements, and program delivery system. 3. It concerns the EDL faculty that, at the present, the majority of 600 level classes are taught by part-time faculty due to the limited number of fulltime faculty available. The EDL Department would like recoup the faculty positions it has lost due to retirements, resignations, and re-assignments. 4. Although EDL administration annually reviews the “course evaluations” of each parttime instructor and approves or denies continued employment of all PT instructors, it is recommended that a more formal procedure be established which could also confirm that the instructor is using the standard syllabus for the course they are teaching. The department is also interested in implementing a means of measuring the effectiveness M.Ed. in Educational Leadership Page 12 of part-time instructors in assisting students reach mastery levels of course learning outcomes through a reliable assessment process. Program 1. The EDL Department will be redesigning the M.Ed. in EDL – School Leadership: K-12 Emphasis to reduce the overall number of credit hours from 36 hours to a 30 hour program to make the program more attractive to potential candidates. The redesign involves changing the focus of the degree and the target audience to include individuals who do not plan to become principals at this point in their career, but seek a leadership position in their specific area of specialization. This degree will provide students with focused essential leadership skills and knowledge. This degree program will replace the existing M.Ed. in EDL – School Leadership K-12 Emphasis and will be referred to as Master’s Degree in Educational Leadership: Instructional Leadership K-12 Emphasis. 2. Since the last review of Fall 2002, program standards established by the Educational Leadership Constituent Council (ELCC) have periodically been revised and in turn the EDL department has work diligently to insure that the learning outcomes, as stated in the departments standard syllabi, have reflected those ELCC standards in the core courses. Revisions to standard syllabi align with the current ELCC standards and are posted on the department’s web page. It is recommended that a college wide “web master” position be established permanently in order to help facilitate ongoing changes of the EDL Department web page. Delivery System: 1. The expansion of online or hybrid classes should lead us to offering programs to students without geographic border limitations. The EDL Department would like to explore the possibility of offering programs to a larger market outside the state lines of Arizona. 2. As the program expanded through distance delivery initiatives (EC), full-time tenure track faculty slowly lost control over aspects of the program (including, for example, the hiring of part-time instructors, the syllabi that were used for courses, course materials and pedagogies, and the standards expected of students in the courses). Over the past few years, EDL faculty has been deeply concerned about this, and has had many conversations about how to best rectify this situation. As a result, the faculty has volunteered to establish assignments of faculty to act as “lead faculty” to each of the courses, developed standard syllabi that are distributed to part-time instructors, and mentored part-time instructors on the standard syllabi and course expectations. M.Ed. in Educational Leadership Page 13