NAME:________________________________
CORE: ______________________
WATER POLLUTION NOTES
Types of Water Pollution
 Point Source Pollution
o Pollution flowing from a _________________ and _____________________ source such as
_____________________ _____________ from a factory,__________________ , or leaking
underground storage ________________.
 Non-Point Source Pollution
o Pollution collected by ________________ falling over a large ____________________ which is
then carried by _____________________ to a nearby lake or stream, or by
_________________________ into the groundwater.
Point Source Pollution

Hazardous and toxic materials from manufacturing and industry discharged directly into the water –
usually through a pipe or a leaky underground tank
o Examples
 _____________ and gasoline

Solvents (_____________ liquids)

Toxins and _________________

______________ _______________ (arsenic, lead, mercury, etc)

Thermal Pollution – heated water causes the _________________ ______________
(DO) content in a body of water to decrease – can result in ___________ __________.

Addressed by the ______________ _____________ _________ of 1972
Non-Point Source Pollution

A harder problem to solve

Changing the __________________ changes the amount of _______________ in a watershed

Non-point source pollution is pollutant being collected by rainwater falling over a large watershed and
carried directly to a river, lake, or stream.

____________, ___________, ________________, __________________ containing phosphorus,
trash, and other pollutants collected off driveways, roads, and city streets flows ______________
down drains and storm _________________ to a nearby body of water untreated.
The Changing Rural Landscape

Modern farming is a major source of non-point source pollution
o ____________________ (bug killers) and __________________ (weed killers) can wash into
nearby lakes and rivers
o Crop fields, especially after harvest, can wash large amounts of ____________ and
_________________ into nearby lakes and rivers.
o Animal ______________ and _______________can be a source of nutrients and
harmful____________________.
o __________________________ can be a source of nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus,
entering nearby lakes and rivers leading to the serious problem of eutrophication
o ______________________________ = excessive richness of nutrients in a lake or other body of
water, frequently due to runoff from the land, which causes a dense growth of plant life and
______________ of animal life from lack of oxygen.
o Bigger farm = ________________ _____________________.
Construction & Mining

Clear-cutting ______________ and ________________ a field to create a mining or construction site
can be a major source of non-point source pollutants
o Without the trees and the plants in the field to hold the soil in place, large amounts of
___________ and _________________ can be discharged into a nearby lake or stream
o Can be a source of ____________ __________________, ___________ , or ____________
___________________used in the construction or mining process.