CRCT Practice
Daily Warm-Ups – Answer Key
Colonization to Royal Government
Hernando de Soto
_____24) Why did Hernando de Soto explore much of Georgia in 1540?
a. He was attracted by rumors of large gold deposits.
b. He wanted to build forts and missions in the state.
c. He was searching for the magical Fountain of Youth.
d. He believed that he would find a passage to Asia through Georgia.
_____25) Who was the first explorer to enter present-day Georgia?
a. Hernando de Soto
b. Ponce de Leon
c. Ferdinand Magellan
d. Francisco Pizarro
_____26) Why was de Soto’s expedition considered a failure?
a. De Soto died before the expedition was finished.
b. De Soto traveled in the wrong direction.
c. De Soto did not find any gold or riches.
d. De Soto’s men died of disease.
_____27) How did de Soto’s march through Georgia change the lives and culture of Native Americans?
a. The expedition resulted in the death of thousands of Native Americans from violence and disease.
b. The expedition was responsible for converting Native Americans to Catholicism.
c. The expedition set up new trading opportunities for Native Americans.
d. The expedition introduced Native Americans to new types of food.
_____28) Hernando de Soto began his travels near
present-day
a. Atlanta, Georgia
b. Memphis, Tennessee
c. Tampa, Florida
d. Vicksburg, Mississippi
_____29) Hernando de Soto crossed the Mississippi
River for the first time near present-day
a. Little Rock, Arkansas
b. Memphis, Tennessee
c. Natchez, Mississippi
d. Vicksburg, Mississippi
_____30) After Hernando de Soto’s death, where
did his men go?
a. Alabama
b. Arkansas
c. Mississippi
d. Texas
_____31) What is the correct chronological order of the places de Soto visited on his travels?
1. De Soto crossed the Mississippi near Memphis.
2. De Soto’s men went to Texas.
3. De Soto entered Florida.
4. De Soto died.
a. 3-1-4-2
b. 2-3-1-4
c. 4-3-1-2
d. 2-1-3-4
Spanish Missions
_____32) The Spanish established the Santa Catalina mission on
a. Cumberland Island.
b. Jekyll Island.
c. St. Catherines Island.
d. St. Simons Island.
_____33) The main purpose of the Spanish mission in the barrier islands was to
a. provide protection for the area’s European settlers.
b. convert the Indians to Catholicism.
c. establish trade with Spain.
d. claim land for Spain.
_____34) Which is NOT a reason for the decline of the Spanish missions?
a. Once the Indians adopted Catholicism, the missions were no longer needed.
b. Some missions were raided by Indians who were allied with the British.
c. Some Indians resettled in areas that were not served by the missions.
d. Pirate raids along the coast destroyed many missions
European Exploration and Settlement.
_____35) The main reason the Spanish explored North America was to
a. build permanent settlements.
b. find gold and riches.
c. spread Christianity.
d. fight the British.
_____36) Which country was NOT a major colonizer of North America?
a. France
b. Great Britain
c. Portugal
d. Spain
_____37) The first permanent British settlement in the New World was built at
a. St. Augustine.
b. Jamestown.
c. Massachusetts Bay.
d. Roanoke Island.
_____38) The first permanent Spanish settlement in the New World was established at
a. Jamestown.
b. Los Angeles.
c. St. Augustine.
d. Yamacraw Bluff.
_____39) What was the name of the first British fort constructed in Georgia?
a. Fort Frederica
b. Fort Guale
c. Fort King George
d. Fort Santa Catalina
James Oglethorpe
_____40) One of the reasons given for the colonization of Georgia was to serve as a buffer colony. This meant that
Georgia was
a. a colony for settlement by the poor.
b. an outpost for pirates attacking Spanish galleons.
c. a military protective zone between English and Spanish settlements.
d. an agricultural station experimenting with new strains of cotton plant.
_____41) What was one of the major reasons for the king wanting to create a colony of Georgia?
a. to help pay royal debts.
b. to civilize the native Indians.
c. to release debtors from prison.
d. to create a balanced trade policy.
_____42) Why did James Oglethorpe suggest forming a colony for the poor?
a. England wanted to get rid of debtors permanently.
b. The homeless would readily come to the New World.
c. Oglethorpe was angry when his friend died and he felt that debtors should not have to go to jail.
d. The poor were mostly well-educated people who had fallen on hard times.
_____43) What items, which Great Britain had to import from France, Russia, and Spain, did Oglethorpe promise to
produce in Georgia?
a. white potatoes, yams, and corn.
b. wheat, rice, and wine.
c. tropical fruit and spices.
d. cotton dyes and silk.
_____44) Which term BEST describes the kind of people Oglethorpe and his associates wanted to bring to Georgia?
a. former convicts
b. well educated
c. deeply religious
d. poor but worthy
Charter of 1732
_____45) Georgia’s Charter of 1732 did NOT include a provision that
a. guaranteed every settler his day in court to settle differences.
b. gave the king of England control of the colony.
c. prohibited Catholics from becoming colonists.
d. banned liquor in the colony.
_____46) When did King George II grant Oglethorpe and his group a charter for the colony of Georgia?
a. 1492
b. 1607
c. 1732
d. 1776
_____47) According to the charter, what religious group was not allowed to settle in Georgia?
a. Baptist
b. Catholic
c. Jewish
d. Methodist
_____48) According to Georgia’s Charter of 1732 which group of people was forbidden to enter Georgia?
a. preachers
b. blacks
c. soldiers
d. women
_____49) What policy did the king make to ensure that the trustees did not take personal advantage of their position?
a. The trustees could not hold office.
b. The trustees could not serve more than one year.
c. The trustees had to break off all ties with Great Britain.
d. The trustees had to donate their own money to provide food for the colonists.
Reasons for Settlement
_____50) What ship brought Oglethorpe and the first colonists to Charleston, then Savannah, during the winter of 1733?
a. Ann
b. Godspeed
c. Mayflower
d. Santa Maria
_____51) Those who were selected to settle the colony of Georgia were required to
a. have served time in a debtors’ prison.
b. bring their own farm tools with them.
c. only sell their land to another Englishman.
d. use a portion of their land to grow mulberry trees.
_____52) The trustees gave the first settlers in Georgia the right to
a. vote.
b. own land.
c. collect taxes.
d. hold elections.
Tomochichi and Mary Musgrove
_____53) Which statement BEST describes the subject of this illustration?
a. The Indians and the British exchanged gifts.
b. The British took control over the Indians’ land.
c. The Indians showed distrust for the invading Englishmen.
d. The British and the Indians had a disappointing
first meeting.
_____54) What Indians were led by Tomochichi?
a. Cherokee
b. Creek
c. Oconee
d. Yamacraw
_____55) Who served as the translator for Oglethorpe in his discussions with Tomochichi?
a. William Bull
b. Robert Montgomery
c. Mary Musgrove
d. Toonahowi
_____56) Tomochichi allowed James Oglethorpe to settle on a bluff overlooking which river?
a. Altamaha River
b. Flint River
c. Savannah River
d. St. Mary’s River
The City of Savannah
_____57) Who surveyed and helped design the city of Savannah?
a. Noble Jones
b. Robert Montgomery
c. Samuel Nunes
d. James Oglethorpe
_____58) Where did James Oglethorpe and the first Georgia colonists land when they arrived in Georgia?
a. Fort Frederica near St. Simons Island
b. Fort Pulaski on the Savannah River
c. Ossabaw Island on Ossabaw Sound
d. Yamacraw Bluff on the Savannah River
_____59) Oglethorpe’s plan for the establishment of Savannah could BEST be described as a
a. poor design for defense against invading armies.
b. series of circular roads making travel easy.
c. city planned around open squares.
d. decaying neighborhood.
_____60) The basic pattern of Savannah was fashioned after a design by
a. William Bull
b. Robert Castell
c. Noble Jones
d. James Oglethorpe
_____61) What historic site is located at the intersection of
Oglethorpe Street and Bull Street?
a. U.S. Customs House
b. Tomochichi’s gravesite
c. Juliette Gordon Low’s birthplace
d. Cotton Exchange
_____62) Which location is located furthest to the north on
the map?
a. Johnson Square
b. Forsyth Park
c. Factors Walk
d. Colonial Cemetary
The Role of the Salzburgers
_____63) Why did German Salzburgers come to Georgia?
a. to escape religious persecution
b. to serve out terms for misconduct
c. to lead the armed forces for Oglethorpe
d. for the new financial opportunities available
_____64) Who was the leader of the Germans from Salzburg?
a. John Martin Bolzius
b. Lachlan McIntosh
c. James Oglethorpe
d. John Reynolds
_____65) Where did the Salzburgers first settle?
a. Albany
b. Darien
c. Ebenezer
d. Savannah
_____66) The Salzburgers moved from their original settlement because
a. they were attacked frequently by Indians.
b. they had problems with the Spanish who lived nearby.
c. the land on which they settled was marshy and not very productive.
d. the area was plagued by harsh storms that caused extensive damage.
_____67) On which barrier island did the Salzburgers settle?
a. Cumberland Island
b. Jekyll Island
c. St. Catherines Island
d. St. Simons Island
Highland Scots
_____68) Where did Highland Scots settle in Georgia?
a. Augusta
b. Darien
c. New Ebenezer
d. Savannah
_____69) The Highland Scots opposed which policy?
a. keeping close ties with Great Britain
b. giving women the right to vote
c. trading with the Spanish
d. permitting slavery
Malcontents
_____70) Who were the malcontents of the early Georgia colony?
a. people who were unhappy and constantly complaining.
b. officials who examined the contents of cargo ships.
c. foreigners from Germany and Scotland.
d. the trustees and their families.
_____71) Which was NOT an area of discontent in Georgia?
a. slavery
b. voting rights
c. the sale of rum
d. ownership of land
_____72) With which trustee policy did the colonists disagree?
a. hard work
b. land allotments
c. military training
d. prohibition of slavery
_____73) What term was used to describe those who complained about the policies of the trustees?
a. dissidents
b. malcontents
c. objectors
d. rebels
The Spanish Threat from Florida
_____74) The European nation that dominated early exploration in the New World was
a. France.
b. Great Britain
c. Portugal
d. Spain
_____75) The greatest threat to the Georgia colony came from
a. Indians who lived in the area.
b. Spanish soldiers in Florida.
c. the area’s harsh climate.
d. new diseases.
_____76) What was the importance of the Battle of Bloody Marsh?
a. It ended the threat of war from the Native Americans.
b. It demonstrated the strength of the British militia.
c. It resulted in Georgia’s gaining new lands on which to settle.
d. It was the beginning of a safe southern frontier for the British.
_____77) What group came to the aid of James Oglethorpe in the Battle of Bloody Marsh?
a. Catholics
b. Highland Scots
c. Salzburgers
d. Spaniards
An Evaluation of the Trustee Period
_____78) The Latin motto of the trustees, Non Sibi Sed Allis, meant “Not for themselves but for others.” What does this
mean?
a. The trustees established Georgia for the purpose of helping the poor, not for the purpose of making
themselves rich.
b. Religious leaders could not protect themselves as Catholics because of the members of the new
Methodist church.
c. The Highland Scots and the Salzburgers were foreigners and couldn’t be trusted to defend the British.
d. The king felt the colony had been a failure and the trustees had to be punished as an example.
_____79) What impact did the departure of Oglethorpe to England have on the colony?
a. No impact; he was cleared of the charges against him and returned within the year.
b. No impact; after he married, he quickly returned to the colony to help the poor.
c. Great impact; under the new leader most of the restrictive laws were changed.
d. Great impact; the new leaders quickly turned control over to the king.
_____80) In 1752, Georgia became a
a. debtor colony.
b. proprietary colony.
c. royal colony.
d. self-governing colony.
_____81) Who controlled Georgia after it became a royal colony?
a. James Oglethorpe
b. the people of Georgia
c. a bicameral legislature
d. the king of Great Britain
Development of Georgia as a Royal Colony
_____82) What city served as Georgia’s capital during its period as a royal colony?
a. Atlanta
b. Augusta
c. Macon
d. Savannah
_____83) Who was the first royal governor of Georgia?
a. Robert Castell
b. Robert Montgomery
c. James Oglethorpe
d. John Reynolds
_____84) When Georgia was a royal colony, how were members of the upper house of the legislature, the Governor’s
Council chosen?
a. They were elected by the voters.
b. They were appointed by the king.
c. They were appointed by the royal governor.
d. They were chosen by members of the lower house of the legislature.
_____85) While John Reynolds was its royal governor, Georgia established
a. a unicameral legislature.
b. local governing bodies.
c. land ownership rights.
d. a court system.
_____86) Governor Reynolds disbanded the legislature because
a. there was a disagreement over how to improve military defenses.
b. there was a conflict between the two houses in the legislature.
c. some members of the lawmaking body were elected illegally.
d. he believed the governor should have sole power.
Governor Henry Ellis
_____87) Who was the second royal governor of Georgia?
a. Henry Ellis
b. Henry Musgrove
c. John Reynolds
d. James Wright
_____88) What change was NOT brought about during the term of royal governor Henry Ellis?
a. More merchants started businesses.
b. Newcomers brought slaves to Georgia.
c. The number of profitable farms increased.
d. The first newspaper in Georgia was published.
_____89) Which royal governor permitted slavery in Georgia, made farms more profitable and increased the number of
merchants selling goods?
a. James Wright
b. William Stephens
c. John Reynolds
d. Henry Ellis
Governor James Wright
_____90) Which person served as a royal governor of Georgia?
a. Button Gwinnett
b. James Oglethorpe
c. William Stephens
d. James Wright
_____91) Who was governor of Georgia when the last of the palisades were built around Savannah, Sunbury became
Georgia’s main port of entry, and the term crackers was used to refer to undesirables?
a. James Wright
b. John Reynolds
c. James Oglethorpe
d. Henry Ellis
Miscellaneous
_____92) Which impact was a result of the Spanish Mission system?
a. Spanish Catholics adopted Native American Beliefs.
b. Native American culture expanded.
c. Savannah was developed.
d. Native American culture declined.
_____93) Why are Hernando de Soto’s expeditions into Georgia significant?
a. He was the first European to explore the area.
b. They were the last expeditions.
c. James Oglethorpe was a part of the expeditions.
d. He removed the Cherokee’s from Georgia.
_____94) Which three European groups were interested in the agricultural opportunities and trade with the Indians in the
Southeastern part of the United States in the 18th Century?
a. Georgia, Florida, South Carolina
b. French, Spanish, British
c. Germans, Mexican, British
d. Yamacraw, Creek, Yamasee
_____95) During the early 1700’s, the French, Spanish, and British had several conflicts in the territory that would eventually
become Georgia. Why were these three countries interested in this region?
a. The French and Spanish were allied together in an effort to completely remove the British presence
from the Southeast.
b. Only Georgia provided the necessary combination of fertile land and friendly Indian tribes to have a
long term, stable colony.
c. It was the first place each other had designated as their primary colony in the new world, therefore
none of the countries could afford to leave the Southeast.
d. All three countries had an interest in expanding; France’s trade from the west, Spain’s mission
systems from the south and Great Britain’s trade networks from the north.
_____96) Use the following quote from the Georgia Charter of 1732 to answer this question, “...they might not only gain a
comfortable subsistence for themselves and families, but also strengthen our colonies and increase the trade...and wealth
of these our realms.” The quote MOST DIRECTLY relates to which reason for settling Georgia?
a. economics
b. defense
c. exploration
d. missions
_____97) How as Tomochichi significant to the development of early Georgia?
a. Oglethorpe hired him to develop Savannah.
b. He led violent revolts against the colonists.
c. He was a mediator between the colonists and the Yamacraw.
d. The Yamacraw used him to encourage the malcontents.
_____98) Which is a true statement about the Charter of 1732?
a. It was never approved and Oglethorpe founded the colony illegally.
b. It stated reasons why Georgia needed to be independent of England.
c. It provided King George an opportunity to invade Spain.
d. It listed multiple reasons, including charity, defense, and economics, for founding Georgia.
_____99) James Oglethorpe was important to the colony of Georgia because he
a. led the initiative to get the Charter to start the colony.
b. fought in the Revolutionary War alongside Elijah Clark.
c. founded and developed the city of Atlanta.
d. served as one of the first Royal Governors.
_____100) Which describes why the English and Spanish were interested in the Southeastern United States?
a. It provided a strategic position to attack French settlements in the north.
b. There were natural resources in the area they could use to make their country richer.
c. They had made an agreement to cooperate and settle the region together.
d. It was the easiest place to get to.
_____101) These statements relate to the importance of which person?
a. Mary Musgrove
b. Tomochichi
*Cultural connections between
c. Nancy Hart
English Colonists
d. Austin Dabney
Yamacraw and Creek Indians and
*Served as interpreter between Oglethorpe and Yamacraw
*Established several trading posts around Georgia.
_____102) The complaints of the malcontents were significant to the trustee period because they demonstrated that the
a. Trustees did not represent the changing population in Georgia.
b. Malcontents were trying to take over the colony.
c. Original charter was inaccurate and needed to be removed.
d. Spanish threat from Florida was the most important issue of the time.
_____103) What group was greatly opposed to trustee laws banning rum, slavery, and land purchases?
a. Salzburgers
b. Highland Scots
c. Malcontents
d. Moravians
____104) Which statement is true concerning land ownership under the Royal Governors of Georgia?
a. Georgia lost territory, especially around Savannah.
b. Creek and Cherokee Indians gained territory through negotiations.
c. The Proclamation of 1763 prevented Georgia from gaining new land.
d. Georgia gained territory, particularly in the west.
____105) How did government in Georgia change when the colony moved from the trustee period to a royal colony?
a. It was more organized, better funded, and had more authority.
b. It was weaker and caused much more conflict with Spain.
c. The government caused the colony not to grow and lost huge sums of money.
d. The Royal Governors successfully avoided all conflicts with Indians.