CHAPTER 18 TEST QUESTIONS
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1.
The largest empire of all time was created by the
a. Romans.
b. Chinese.
c. Mongols.
d. Incas.
e. Indians.
(p. 456)
2.
The environment of central Asia
a. guaranteed a bountiful harvest.
b. does not receive enough rain to support large-scale agriculture.
c. was marred by such violent flooding that urbanization was almost impossible.
d. facilitated urbanization because of its tremendous agricultural potential.
e. was dominated by devastating monsoon rains.
(p. 456)
3.
Yurts were
a. tents used by the nomadic Turks.
b. the first powerful Turkish tribe.
c. the shamans who dominated nomadic Turkish religious thought.
d. Turkish chieftains.
e. the iron foundries that provided the Turks with a technological and military advantage.
(p. 457)
265
4.
Which of the following did not act as a limitation on the development of central Asian societies?
a. the aridity of the climate
b. a lack of trading opportunities
c. the nomadic lifestyle of the population
d. the absence of large-scale craft production
e. the limited potential for large-scale agriculture
(p. 457)
5.
The class structure of nomadic societies normally produced
a. a tightly-structured class system with little flexibility.
b. no class distinctions.
c. a fluid breakdown into nobles and commoners.
d. a division into nobles, warriors, farmers, and slaves.
e. a caste system copied from India.
(p. 457)
6.
The noble class, in nomadic society,
a. ruled with absolute authority at all times.
b. based their wealth and power on extensive landholdings.
c. received their position through inheritance and couldn’t lose it.
d. was based on divine sanction.
e. was fluid, with many opportunities for rising and falling.
(p. 457)
7.
The earliest religion of the Turkish peoples was
a. Islam.
b. shamanistic.
c. Buddhist.
d. Nestorian Christian.
e. Hindu.
(p. 457)
8.
Which of the following religions never became popular among the nomadic Turkish tribes?
a. Hinduism
b. Buddhism
c. Nestorian Christianity
d. Islam
e. Manichaeism
(p. 457)
9.
In the tenth century, the Turks living near the Abbasid Empire began to convert to
a. Buddhism.
b. Nestorian Christianity.
c. Islam.
d. Hinduism.
e. Zoroastrianism.
(p. 457)
266
10. The political power of the khans was based on
a. a tightly structured imperial framework.
b. indirect rule through the leaders of allied tribes.
c. an extension of the traditional Turkish urban kingship.
d. the shamanistic belief in the divinity of the ruler.
e. an educated class of scholarly bureaucrats—an idea borrowed from China.
(p. 458)
11. In 1206 the Mongols gave the title Chinggis Khan, or “universal ruler,” to
a. Khubilai.
b. Temujin.
c. Hülegü.
d. Ilkhan Ghazan.
e. Tamerlane.
(p. 461)
12. In an effort to strengthen the Mongol fighting forces, Chinggis Khan
a. emphasized the traditional tribal affiliations.
b. traded with the Europeans to obtain more powerful modern artillery.
c. disbanded the Mongol cavalry and instead placed emphasis on the infantry.
d. inspired them with a devotion to Allah.
e. formed new military units with no tribal affiliations.
(p. 461)
13. Chinggis Khan sent troops into Persia in 1219
a. to suppress the nomadic Jurchen tribes.
b. in an effort to restore Saljuq rule.
c. to ensure Chinese control over the silk roads.
d. in revenge for the murder of his envoys by the Khwarazm shah.
e. to spread Islam.
(p. 462)
14. Chinggis Khan
a. created a tightly structured centralized government.
b. relied heavily on the Chinese to fill major governmental positions.
c. did not establish a centralized government in the lands he conquered.
d. carried Chinese governmental techniques to Persia.
e. carried Persian governmental techniques to China.
(p. 464)
267
15. In 1279, Khubilai Khan proclaimed the
a. Song dynasty.
b. Ming dynasty.
c. Yuan dynasty.
d. Han dynasty.
e. Qing dynasty.
(p. 465)
16. Khubilai Khan’s religious policy featured
a. a promotion of Buddhism and a support of Daoism, Christianity, and Islam.
b. an attempt to incorporate the traditional Mongol shamanistic beliefs into China.
c. forced conversion to Islam.
d. suppression of all religious services, in an effort to stabilize China internally.
e. specific suppression of Christianity because of its connection to Europe.
(p. 464)
17. The Mongol naval campaign against Japan in 1281
a. was a complete success.
b. turned back because of the fear of disease.
c. was the largest seaborne expedition before World War II.
d. was aided by a favorable wind that the Chinese came to call kamikaze.
e. conquered the northernmost islands of Japan.
(p. 465)
18. Russia was dominated from the thirteenth through the fifteenth centuries by the
a. Great Khans.
b. Chaghatai Khans.
c. ilkhans.
d. Golden Horde.
e. Turks.
(p. 465)
268
19. During their time as rulers of China, the Mongols
a. strengthened the Chinese educational and examination system.
b. made tremendous use of native Chinese administrators.
c. forbade the Chinese from learning the Mongol language.
d. encouraged intermarriage between Mongols and Chinese.
e. forged a lasting cultural and diplomatic exchange with Japan.
(p. 466)
20. During the period of Mongol domination,
a. trade slowed dramatically because of heavy taxation.
b. long-distance trade became much less risky.
c. interaction between different peoples of Eurasia was limited by Mongol cruelty.
d. unification was achieved by the implementation of a state religion.
e. trade was halted by the extension of the Great Wall of China.
(p. 468)
21. The Mongols brought about greater integration among Eurasian peoples by all of the following means
except
a. increased trade.
b. resettlement of conquered peoples.
c. a common state religion.
d. diplomatic missions.
e. the establishment and maintenance of a courier network.
(p. 466)
269
22. Devastation wrought by the bubonic plague played a key role in the fourteenth-century collapse of the
a. Chaghatai khanate.
b. ilkhanate.
c. Yuan dynasty.
d. Golden Horde.
e. Tamerlane dynasty.
(p. 469)
23. The late-fourteenth-century Turkish ruler who weakened the Golden Horde, sacked Delhi, and
launched campaigns in southwest Asia and Anatolia, was
a. Chinggis Khan.
b. Osman.
c. Khubilai Khan.
d. Tamerlane.
e. Chaghatai.
(p. 471)
24. The founder of the Ottoman Turks was
a. Chaghatai.
b. Osman.
c. Ilklan Ghazan.
d. Mehmed II.
e. Tamerlane.
(p. 472)
270