Supplementary Data
Table S.1 provides details of each series of pair-wise tests (tables S.2-S.10). In tables S.2-S.10, the
results that achieve Bonferroni corrected significance of <0.003° are shaded yellow and it is these on
which interpretation is based. Results which achieve standard significance of <0.05 (shaded grey) are
highlighted to indicate patterns that were observable but not strong enough to attain corrected
significance. The highlighted boxes indicate that the zone listed on the row rather than the column
has significantly more modification or significantly greater compositional susceptibility.
Table no.
Taphonomic Index
Test/Statistics
Susceptibility/Modification
S.2
Weathering
Mann-Whitney
Modification
S.3
Weathering
Chi-square
Anatomical Susceptibility
S.4
Weathering
Chi-square
Taxon Susceptibility
S.5
Gnawing
Chi-square
Modification
S.6
Gnawing
Chi-square
Anatomical Susceptibility
S.7
Gnawing/Trampling
Chi-square
Taxon Susceptibility
S.8
Trampling
Chi-square
Modification
S.9
Fracture Freshness Index
Mann-Whitney
Modification
S.10
Fracture Freshness Index
Chi-square
Anatomical Susceptibility
Table S.1 Details of each series of pair-wise tests.
WEATHERING
EAST CHISENBURY
EAST CHISENBURY ELDON’S SEAT LLANMAES POTTERNE RUNNYMEDE WHITCHURCH
X
<0.001
<0.001
ELDON’S SEAT
323191.5
X
<0.001
<0.001
0.222
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
5108300
4052813
881659.0
<0.001
<0.001
2.05E+7
4540204
<0.001
LLANMAES
1667092
<0.001
X
<0.001
POTTERNE
1402606
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
X
3823215
<0.001
RUNNYMEDE
WHITCHURCH
0.222
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
X
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
289144.5
1062047
4456634
3578080
788028.5
X
Table S.2 Results from Mann-Whitney tests comparing weathering across sites. MWU values are
entered below P values for significant results.
ELEMENT (WTH)
EAST CHISENBURY
EAST CHISENBURY ELDON’S SEAT LLANMAES POTTERNE RUNNYMEDE WHITCHURCH
X
<0.001
<0.001
0.200
<0.001
0.547
ELDON’S SEAT
<0.001
X
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
LLANMAES
<0.001
<0.001
X
<0.001
0.007
<0.001
POTTERNE
0.200
<0.001
<0.001
X
<0.001
0.005
RUNNYMEDE
<0.001
<0.001
0.007
<0.001
X
<0.001
WHITCHURCH
0.547
<0.001
<0.001
0.005
<0.001
X
Table S.3 Results from chi-square tests comparing the composition of assemblages in terms of
specimens from anatomical elements that are susceptible to weathering.
TAXON (WTH)
EAST CHISENBURY
EAST CHISENBURY ELDON’S SEAT LLANMAES POTTERNE RUNNYMEDE WHITCHURCH
X
<0.001
<0.001
0.996
0.011
0.717
ELDON’S SEAT
<0.001
X
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
LLANMAES
<0.001
<0.001
X
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
POTTERNE
0.996
<0.001
<0.001
X
<0.001
0.547
RUNNYMEDE
0.011
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
X
0.005
WHITCHURCH
0.717
<0.001
<0.001
0.547
0.005
X
Table S.4 Results from chi-square tests comparing the composition of assemblages in terms of
specimens from taxa that are susceptible to weathering.
GNAWING
EAST CHISENBURY
EAST CHISENBURY ELDON’S SEAT LLANMAES POTTERNE RUNNYMEDE WHITCHURCH
X
0.041
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
0.030
ELDON’S SEAT
0.041
X
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
LLANMAES
<0.001
<0.001
X
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
POTTERNE
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
X
0.003
0.048
RUNNYMEDE
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
0.003
X
<0.001
WHITCHURCH
0.030
<0.001
<0.001
0.048
<0.001
X
Table S.5 Results from chi-square tests comparing the prevalence of gnawing across sites.
ELEMENT (GN)
EAST CHISENBURY
EAST CHISENBURY ELDON’S SEAT LLANMAES POTTERNE RUNNYMEDE WHITCHURCH
X
0.001
<0.001
0.083
<0.001
<0.001
ELDON’S SEAT
0.001
X
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
LLANMAES
<0.001
<0.001
X
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
POTTERNE
0.083
<0.001
<0.001
X
<0.001
<0.001
RUNNYMEDE
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
X
<0.001
WHITCHURCH
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
X
Table S.6 Results from chi-square tests comparing the composition of assemblages in terms of
anatomical elements that are susceptible to gnawing.
TAXON (GN/TR)
EAST CHISENBURY
ELDON’S SEAT
X
<0.001
<0.001
0.712
0.040
0.892
ELDON’S SEAT
<0.001
X
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
LLANMAES
<0.001
<0.001
X
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
POTTERNE
0.712
<0.001
<0.001
X
<0.001
0.450
RUNNYMEDE
0.040
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
X
0.014
WHITCHURCH
0.892
<0.001
<0.001
0.450
0.014
X
EAST CHISENBURY
LLANMAES POTTERNE
RUNNYMEDE
WHITCHURCH
Table S.7 Results from chi-square tests comparing the composition of assemblages in terms of
taxa that are susceptible to gnawing, trampling and abrasion.
TRAMPLING
EAST CHISENBURY
EAST CHISENBURY ELDON’S SEAT LLANMAES POTTERNE RUNNYMEDE WHITCHURCH
X
<0.001
0.034
0.006
<0.001
0.487
ELDON’S SEAT
<0.001
X
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
LLANMAES
0.034
<0.001
X
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
POTTERNE
0.006
<0.001
<0.001
X
<0.001
0.002
RUNNYMEDE
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
X
<0.001
WHITCHURCH
0.487
<0.001
<0.001
0.002
<0.001
X
Table S.8 Results from chi-square tests comparing the prevalence of trampling across sites.
FFI
EAST CHISENBURY ELDON’S SEAT LLANMAES POTTERNE RUNNYMEDE WHITCHURCH
EAST CHISENBURY
X
<0.001
<0.001
0.142
<0.001
<0.001
ELDON’S SEAT
<0.001
X
0.393
<0.001
0.580
<0.001
LLANMAES
<0.001
0.393
X
<0.001
0.778
<0.001
POTTERNE
0.142
<0.001
<0.001
X
<0.001
0.136
RUNNYMEDE
<0.001
0.580
0.778
<0.001
X
0.005
WHITCHURCH
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
0.136
0.005
X
Table S.9 Results from Mann-Whitney tests comparing Fracture Freshness Scores across sites.
MWU values are entered below P values for significant results. Highlighted boxes indicate that
the site listed on the row, rather than the column has significantly lower scores (i.e. has
significantly more fresh fracturing).
ELEMENT (FFI)
EAST CHISENBURY
EAST CHISENBURY ELDON’S SEAT LLANMAES POTTERNE RUNNYMEDE WHITCHURCH
X
0.347
0.004
0.839
0.001
0.523
ELDON’S SEAT
0.347
X
<0.001
0.027
<0.001
0.015
LLANMAES
0.004
<0.001
X
<0.001
0.184
<0.001
POTTERNE
0.839
0.027
<0.001
X
<0.001
0.407
RUNNYMEDE
0.001
<0.001
0.184
<0.001
X
<0.001
WHITCHURCH
0.523
0.015
<0.001
0.407
<0.001
X
Table S.10 Results from chi-square tests comparing the composition of assemblages in terms of
anatomical elements that are susceptible to low Fracture Freshness Index scores (i.e. are more
likely to exhibit fresh fracturing). N.B. unlike other indices this susceptibility may relate to the
targeting of large long bones for marrow extraction, rather than the structural properties of the
remains.