Reading Assignment 2
Chapter 5
BI231
Name_______________________
1. Which of these is not an accessory structure of the skin?
dermis
sweat glands
sebaceous glands
hair follicles
2. All of the following are true of epidermal ridges, except that they
cause ridge patterns on the surface of the skin.
contain increased numbers of free nerve endings.
extend into the dermis.
produce patterns that are determined genetically.
interconnect with the dermal papillae.
3. All of the following are true of the pigment melanin, except that it
decreases in concentration within cells during exposure to the sun.
is produced from the amino acid tyrosine.
is usually some shade of brown or black.
is produced by cells called melanocytes.
protects DNA from the damaging effects of UV radiation.
4. Cyanosis signifies that a patient
has oxygen-starved skin.
has had too much sun.
has been exposed to cyanide.
has an allergic reaction.
has been kept out of the sun.
5. Children in northern regions experience months of inadequate sunlight exposure on the skin.
To prevent possible abnormal bone development, what essential organic nutrient is necessary in
the diet?
protein
calcium
melanin
cholecalciferol
vitamin C
6. Types of skin cancers include
squamous cell carcinoma.
malignant melanoma.
basal cell carcinoma.
actinic keratosis.
squamous cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma, and basal cell carcinoma.
7. Epidermal growth factor stimulates __________.
growth
glandular secretion
mitosis
Epidermal growth factor stimulates all of these processes.
8. The layer of the skin that contains bundles of collagen and elastic fibers responsible for the
strength of the skin is the ________ layer.
subcutaneous
papillary
reticular
hypodermal
epidermal
9. While assessing a patient, you discover that after pinching the skin on the back of the hand, it
remains peaked. This is a sign of
advanced skin cancer.
malfunctioning elastin.
hydration intoxication.
dehydration.
water intoxication.
10. All of the following are true of the subcutaneous layer, except it
permits independent movement of deeper structures.
is attached to the dermis by a basement membrane.
contains many blood vessels.
contains large amounts of adipose tissue.
is well supplied with nerves that pass into the skin.
11. Accessory structures of the skin include all of the following, except
epidermis.
hair follicles.
nails.
sweat glands.
sebaceous glands.
12. Each of the following statements concerning hair is true, except one. Identify the exception.
Club hair is hair that has ceased growing.
Terminal hairs are heavy and more darkly pigmented than other types of hair.
Scalp hairs grow constantly throughout life.
The medulla is the soft core of the hair.
The cortex of the hair is composed of hard keratin.
13. The ________ glands in the axilla become active at the time of puberty.
axillary
apocrine sweat
merocrine sweat
ceruminous
sebaceous
14. Each of the following statements concerning sebaceous glands and sebum is true, except one.
Identify the exception.
Sebum can function as an antibiotic.
Most sebaceous glands are coiled tubular glands.
Acne involves inflammation of sebaceous glands.
Sebum functions to lubricate the hair and skin.
Most sebaceous glands open into hair follicles.
15. Nail production occurs at the nail
bed.
root.
hyponychium.
cuticle.
body.
16. The stratum corneum just under the free-edge of a nail is the
eponychium.
hyponychium.
cuticle.
nail root.
lunula.
17. In a penetrating wound, ________ divide to produce mobile cells that repair the dermis.
macrophages
muscle cells
granulation cells
fibroblasts
dendritic cells
18. During repair of the integument, fibroblasts follow areas of new capillary growth and
produce ________ tissue.
scar
granulation
keloid
pus
epithelial
19. Wrinkles in elderly individuals are the result of
decreased thickness of the dermis.
increased keratinization of the epidermis.
the loss of glands and hair follicles from the skin.
increased production of epidermis.
loss of elastic filaments in the reticular layer of the dermis.
20. Why would an elderly person be more prone to skin infections than a younger person?
The epidermis is thinner in the elderly.
Basal cell activity is reduced in the elderly.
There are fewer dendritic cells in the skin of the elderly.
Skin repairs take longer in the elderly.
All of the answers are correct.