Drug Matrix
Samantha Kiefer
MPTC
Drug Matrix
Drug
classifications
Subcategories of
Drugs
Specific
Drugs in
class
CNS & Physiological
Effects
Withdrawal Effects
Unique
treatment
issues
Therapeutic
uses
Legal/illegal/prescription/
OTC
Sedative
Hypnotics/CNS
depressants
Benzodiazepines
Xanax
Ativan
Klonipin
Halcion
drowsiness/lethargy
nightmares
irritability
sweating
mental & physical
impairment
anxiety
insomnia
depression
panic
convulsions
n/a
anxiety
neurosis
muscle
relaxation
Insomnia
prescription (legal)
Barbiturates
Amytal
Luminal
Fioricet
sedation
increased heart rate
frequent urination
liver damage
coma
seizures
anxiety
depression
paranoia/panic
convulsions
n/a
anxiety
relieve tension
Insomnia
Antihistamines
Visteril
Claratin
Zyrtec
relaxation/drowsiness
insomnia
dry mouth
agitation
n/a
n/a
allergies
common cold
sleep aid
GHB
“date rape
drug”
hormonal problems
nausea/vomiting
drowsiness
hallucinations
insomnia
anxiety
none in US
anesthetic
Heroin
drowsiness/LBP
constipation
euphoria
respiratory depression
urinary retention
agitation
anxiety
Insomnia
stomach
cramps/nausea
used in
treatment
of alcohol
addiction &
narcotic
dependence
use opiates
to treat
opiate
addiction:
Narcotic/
Narcotic
analgesics
Opiates
none in US
analgesic
antitussive
prescription (legal)
OTC
prescription (legal)
illegal
prescription (legal)
illegal
constricted pupils
nausea/vomiting
mental clouding
LBP
CNS Stimulants
runny nose/tears
loss of appetite
vomiting/diarrhea
chills/fever
aching
bones/muscles
vomiting
cravings
HBP
cold/hot
flashes
flu-like
symptoms
Suboxone
Methadone
rapid detox
Narcoticrelated
Drugs
Clonidine
Naltrexone
Dextromethorphan
altered perceptions/floating
hallucinations/visual
distortions
paranoia/psychotic reactions
“same as above”
treatment of
opiate addiction
cough
suppressant
prescription (legal)
OTC
Other
narcotics
Morphine
Oxycodone
Methadone
Fentanyls
Tramadol
itching
urinary retention
clammy skin
convulsions
coma
death
“same as above”
treatment of
opiate addition
analgesic
pain reliever
cough
suppressant
anti-diarrheal
prescription (legal)
Natural subst.
Papaverine
Major
Stimulants:
Amphetamines
Ritalin
Adderall
Dexadrine
Ecstasy
illegal
decreased fatigue
restlessness
increased irritability
confidence
irritability
nausea/vomiting
mood swings
psychotic reactions
cocaine
vaccine
Drugs used
narcolepsy
ADHD
weight
reduction
prescription (legal)
illegal
Meth
Cocaine
Bath salts
fearfulness
distrust of people
behavioral stereotypy
hallucinations
insomnia/intense
hunger
obsession w/drug
seeking
to treat:
Bromocriptine
neonatal
apnea
local anesthetic
Busprenorphine
Minor
Stimulants:
Caffeine- like
Xanthenes
(caffeine)
OTC
Sympathomimetics
Ephedrine
Pseudephedrine
Naphazoline
Phenylephrine
Herbal
Stimulants
“rave herbal
stimulant”
“legal
herbal
weed”
enhances alertness
causes arousal
diminishes fatigue
increase in stomach juices
insomnia
tension/anxiety
muscle twitches
headache
decreased
alertness/vigor
fatigue/lethargy
nervousness
Antidepressants
stay awake
OTC/legal
decongestant
(colds, allergies,
sleep aids)
diet medications
excessive use can cause:
seizures
heart attack
stoke
death
OTC/legal
dietary
supplements
for: energy
boosters
diet aids
performance
enhancers
(doctors do
advise people of
using these
stimulants)
OTC/legal
illegal (ephedrine/ephedra)
OTC (legal)
Hallucinogens
Traditional
(LSD Types)
LSD
psychosis/”freakout”
paranoia
panic attacks
”flashbacks”
seeing geometrical shapes in
intense colors
dizziness
numbness
altered perceptions
”electrical storm” in neural
activity
sweating/anxiety
pupil dilation
nausea/vomiting
muscular
sedation/contraction
slow heart rhythm
depression
double vision
n/a
n/a
n/a
illegal
Phenylethylamine
DOM/STP
MDA/
MDMA
Ecstasy
loss of appetite
increased feelings/selfperceptions/sense of
aesthetic enjoyment
muscle aches
drowsiness
depression
acne
n/a
n/a
illegal
Anticholinergic
Belladonna
Atropine
Hyocyamine
stimulation/excitement
depression
anesthesia/analgesia
flushing/sweating
blank stare
increased blood pressure
increase heart rate by
100%(atropine)
n/a
colds
prescription (legal)
Mandrake
Jimson-
illegal
Antidepressants
weed
days without eating/sleeping
dilated pupils
dry mouth/nose/throat
constipation
urinary retention
Other
PCP
Ketamine
DextroMetorphan
Marijuana
severe hallucinations
dry mouth
hyperthermia
seizures/death
short-term memory loss
Natural
Substances
Salvia
Divinorum
mushrooms
Trycyclic
Elavil
Tofranil
Pamelor
drug seeking
behavior
n/a
n/a
dry mouth/nose
blurry vision
constipation
increased appetite/weight
urinary retention
cognitive/memory
impairment
increased body temperature
restlessness/dizziness
muscle twitches/weakness
nausea/vomiting
irregular heart rhythms
“withdrawal
syndrome”(brain
“zaps/shocks/shivers”
sweating
nausea
tremor
confusion/nightmares
vertigo)
anxiety
insomnia headache
nausea/malaise
motor disturbance
when going
off antidepressants
doctors
advise
patients to
taper off
slowly
week by
week, day
by day
(Ketamineanesthetic
medical
purposes-legal
to use in these
circumstances
illegal
OTC (legal)
research of
active
ingredient in
salvia divinorum
may be used to
treat: chronic
pain
dementias
bipolar
schizophrenia
drug addiction
clinical
depression
ADHD
chronic
pain/eating
disorders
PTSD/OCD
narcolepsy
smoking
cessation
Tourette
syndrome
legal
prescription (legal)
(not considered
addictive)
MAOI’s
SSRI’s
Inhalants
(non-regulated)
Volatile
Substances
(adhesive
aerosols
solvents/gases
cleaning
agents
dessert
topping sprays
Nardil
Parnate
Emsam
insomnia
nausea
dizziness
muscle spasms/weakness
confusion
edema/weight gain
sexual dysfunction
suicidal thoughts
(“withdrawal
syndrome”)
insomnia
nausea
dizziness
weight gain/edema
muscle
spasms/weakness
confusion
sexual dysfunction
Zoloft
Prozac
Paxil
Luvox
Wellbutrin
Effexor
Cymbalta
nausea
diarrhea
nervousness
headache
suicidal feelings
serotonin syndrome
sexual dysfunction
dry mouth
(“withdrawal
syndrome”)
drowsiness
anxiety/confusion
muscle twitches
nausea/vomiting
restlessness/dizziness
sexual dysfunction
airplane
glue
deodorant
hair spray
fuel gas
nail polish
remover
degreaser
whipped
cream
whippets
nausea
irritation of airways
coughing/sneezing
lightheadedness
mild stimulation/loss of
control
lack of
coordination/disorientation
possible hallucination
relaxation
sleep/coma
brain damage/death
hypertension
damage to heart
muscle/peripheral
n/a
“same as
above”
“same as
above”
n/a
depression
anxiety/panic
disorders
OCD
trichtotillomania
Parkinson’s
disease
prescription (legal)
depression
anxiety/panic/
eating disorders
chronic pain
some
personality
disorders
PTSD
OCD
prescription (legal)
n/a
legal
nerves/brain/kidneys
loss of appetite
fatigue
nosebleeds
Anesthetics
gas
liquid
Nitrites
“poppers”
Acne
Medications
Stri-dex
peroxide
alcohol
salicylic acid
resorcinol
sulfur
Retin-A
vitamin A
Accutane
Sleep Aids
laughter
loss of sensation
limb spasms
altered perceptions
blackouts
n/a
n/a
nitrous oxide
(used by health
professionals)
legal
n/a
n/a
n/a
legal
dry skin
discontinued use may
cause the acne to
come back
n/a
acne conditions
OTC
prescription (legal)
Ambian
sedation/drowsiness
nightmares
eating/driving in sleep
Discontinued use may
cause
insomnia/anxiety
n/a
insomnia
prescription (legal)
Benadryl
(antihistamines)
sedation
anti-anxiety action
“same as above”
n/a
mild/temporary
sleep
disturbances
caused by:
physical
discomfort/jet-
OTC (legal)
Drugs not easily
specified
OTC Drugs
lag/extreme
emotional upset
Excedrin PM
Triaminic
Cold/allergy
Midol PM
Tylenol cold
reliefnighttime
(analgesics)
relaxation/drowsiness
pain relief
Melatonin
( natural)
drowsiness
“same as above”
n/a
pain reliever
sleep aid
OTC (legal)
n/a
natural sleep aid
OTC (legal)