LESSON PLAN FOR CHAPTER 20
THE SPANISH AMERICAN WAR
DATE
1.________READ AND ANSWER CH 20 SEC1 QUESTIONS
2. _______ ACTIVITY: GROUP NEEDS TO RESEARCH SPANISH
AMERICAN WAR AND WRITE ARTICLE IN THE NEWSPAPER AND
PRESENT TO THE CLASS TRYING TO CONVINCE PEOPLE TO SUPPORT
THE WAR WITH SPAIN
3.________READ AND ANSWER CHAP 20 SEC 2 QUESTIONS
4.________CLASS NOTES
5.________ CLASS NOTES
6.________ READ AND ANSWER CHAP 20 SEC 3
7. _______ READ AND ANSWER CHAP 20 SEC 4
8. _______ CLASS NOTES, ESSENTIAL QUESTION GROUP DISCUSSIION
9. ________GROUP ACTIVITY: REVIEW GAME, STUDY
10.________CHAP 20 TEST
CHAPTER 20
THE SPANISH AMERICAN WAR
HS.MWH.10.1. Describe the political, economic and social roots of imperial expansion.
HS.MWH.11.1. Describe how imperialism involved land acquisition, extraction of raw materials, spread of
Western values, and maintenance of political control.
HS.AH.10.1. Analyze the circumstances which enabled the United States to emerge as a world power in the early
1900s.
HS.MWH.12.1. Describe how the consequences of imperialism were viewed differently by the colonizers and the
colonized
ESSENTIAL QUESTION
WHY DID THE UNITED STATES GO TO WAR AGAINST SPAIN
IN 1898, AND WHY WAS THE OUTCOME SIGNIFICANT
-YELLOW JOURNALISM- EXAGGERATED REPORTING BY NEWSPAPERS TO
ATTRACT READERS
1.) WOULD SELL MORE PAPERS
IMPERIALISM- POLICY OF ESTABLISHING COLONIES
AND BUILDING EMPIRES
MONROE DOCTRINE- OPPOSED ANY ACTION IN THE
WESTERN HEMISPHERE BY ANY POWER
A.)
DID NOT STOP U.S. FROM EXPANDING
-U.S INVESTED LARGE AMOUNTS OF MONEY IN THE SUGAR CANE INDUSTRY IN
CUBA
1.) WAS GOING TO PROTECT INVESTMENT
U.S. ALWAYS WANTED CUBA
1.) WANTED TO BUY IT
2.) WANTED IT TO ENTER UNION AS A SLAVE STATE
IN 1860
CHAPTER 20 SEC 2
TROUBLE BREWING IN CUBA
HS.MWH.10.1. Describe the political, economic and social roots of imperial expansion.
HS.AH.10.1. Analyze the circumstances which enabled the United States to emerge as a world power in
the early 1900s.
HS.MWH.11.1. Describe how imperialism involved land acquisition, extraction of raw materials, spread
of Western values, and maintenance of political control.
HS.MWH.12.1. Describe how the consequences of imperialism were viewed differently by the colonizers
and the colonized
-CUBA WAS A PART OF SPAIN’S EMPIRE, 1825 SPAIN ONLY HAD THE PHILIPPINES,
GUAM AND CUBA LEFT UNDER THEIR CONTROL
- CUBANS REVOLT AGAINST SPAIN THEY WANT INDEPENDENCE
1.) USE GUERILLA WARFARE
A.) DESTROYING U.S. PROPERTY TO
GET U.S. INVOLVED SPAIN
- SENDS VALERIANO WEYLER TO CUBA TO RESTORE POWER
1.) COULDN’T FIGHT EFFECTIVELY AGAINST
GUERILLA WAR TACTICS
SO
WEYLER PUT 300,000 CUBANS IN CONCENTRATION
CAMPS
1.) 1/3 OF POPULATION
CHAPTER 20 SEC 3
AMERICANS CALL FOR WAR WITH SPAIN
HS.AH.10.1. Analyze the circumstances which enabled the United States to emerge as a world power in the early
1900s
WILLIAM MCKINLEY
- TRYING TO AVOID WAR DECIDED TO STAY NEUTRAL
1.) TEDDY ROOSEVELT (ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF THE NAVY) AND
PUBLIC UPSET BY LACK OF ACTION.
A.) ROOSEVELT SAID ABOUT MCKINLEY “HE HAS NO MORE
BACKBONE THAN A CHOCOLATE ÉCLAIR”
TWO EVENTS OCCUR THAT AMERICANS DEMAND FOR WAR
1.)SPANISH AMBASSADOR IN WASHINGTON WRITES LETTER WHICH LOCAL
NEWSPAPER GETS A HOLD OF.
1.) IT CRITICIZES PRESIDENT MCKINLEY CALLING HIM WEAK, POOR
POLITICIAN AND SUPPORTING RABBLE
2.)U.S. CITIZENS OUTRAGED AND INCREASED ANTI-SPANISH
FEELINGS IN U.S.
2.)U.S.S. MAINE- SENT TO CUBA TO PROTECT AMERICAN INTEREST
1. ALSO AS A PRESENCE TO LET SPAIN AND CUBA KNOW WE
ARE WATCHING
2. SAT IN HAVANA (CAPITAL OF CUBA) HARBOR FOR TWO
WEEKS
UNTIL
FEB 15 1898- 9:40 PM
MAINE EXPLODES IN HAVANA HARBOR KILLING 266 SAILORS
A.)SAID AN UNDER WATER MINE EXPLODED
1.) 1976 HISTORIANS BELIEVE IT MAY HAVE BEEN A COAL DUST
EXPLOSION
HOWEVER
- WILLIAM MCKINLEY WAS STILL TRYING TO AVOID WAR EVEN UNDER THE
EXTREME PRESSURE ON HIM FROM THE NEWSPAPERS TO DECLARE WAR.
SO
- HE TELLS SPAIN TO STOP ATTACKS (ARMISTICE), CLOSE CONCENTRATION
CAMPS AND LEAVE CUBA
1.) SPAIN AGREES ON FIRST TWO BUT REFUSES TO GIVE UP CUBA
SO
CONGRESS PASSES:
1. TELLER AMENDMENT- ONCE WAR WAS OVER THE U.S. WOULD LEAVE CUBAN
GOVERNMENT IN CONTROL TO RUN THEIR COUNTRY
2.)U.S. DECLARES WAR ON SPAIN ON APRIL 25
CHAPTER 20 SEC 4
SPLENDID LITTLE WAR
HS.AH.10.1. Analyze the circumstances which enabled the United States to emerge as a world power in the early
1900s
- JOHN HAY SAID “THIS WAS A SPLENDID LITTLE WAR”
GEORGE DEWEY
NAVAL COMMANDER IN THE PACIFIC
- WAS SENT TO THE PHILIPPINES AND DESTROYED THE
SPANISH FLEET
A.) SPAIN LOST 381 MEN, U.S. LOST 1 TO HEAT STROKE
WILLIAM T. SAMPSON
- SEALED SPANISH FLEET IN SANTIAGO BAY
A.) SPANISH COMMANDER PASCUAL CERVERA
1. CEVERA CAME OFF COAST OF AFRICA U.S. WORRIED HE WAS GOING TO
ATTACK EAST COAST BUT GOES TO SANTIAGO
ROUGH RIDERS
- GROUP OF ATHLETES, CRIMMINALS COWBOYS WHO LIKED ADVENTURE AND TO
FIGHT
A.) LED BY TEDDY ROOSEVELT
- BECOME FAMOUS FOR CAPTURING SAN JUAN HILL JUST OUTSIDE OF SANTIAGO
PASCUAL’S DECISION
- HE IS TRAPPED IN THE SANTIAGO HARBOR
3 CHOICES
1.) SURRENDER
2. ABANDON SHIPS AND FLL OVER LAND
3.) FIGHT HIS WAY OUT OF HARBOR
- HE DECIDES TO FIGHT HIS WAY OUT AND HIS FLEET IS DESTROYED
- SPAIN WILL THEN SURRENDER
A.) WAR LASTED 16 WEEKS
CHAPTER 20 SEC 5
A NEW POWER ON THE WORLD STAGE
HS.AH.10.1. Analyze the circumstances which enabled the United States to emerge as a world power in the early
1900s
- U.S. MERGES AS A NEW WORLD POWER AFTER WAR
TREATY OF PARIS OF 1898
1.)
CUBA IS INDEPENDENT
2.)
U.S. GOT PUERTO RICO AND GUAM
3.)
U.S. PAID 20 MILLION FOR PHILIPPINES
- PEOPLE IN U.S. WAS UNHAPPY ABOUT TREATY B/C THEY BELIEVED U.S. WAS
BEING IMPERILISTIC BY TAKING OVER THOSE COUNTRIES AND MAKING THEM
COLONIES OF U.S.
PUERTO RICO
- WAS IMPORTANT STATEGIC POSITION FOR THE U.S. PROTECTED CARIBBEAN
-1917 GAVE U.S. CITIZENSHIP TO CITIZENS OF PUERTO RICO
- AFTER WAR U.S. STAYED IN CUBA TO HELP REBUILD THE WAR TORN COUNTRY,
BUILDINF SCHOOLS, ROADS, SANATATION ETC..
A.) CUBANS RESENTED U.S. INVOLVEMENT SAID IT BROKE TREATY OF PARIS
AND TELLER AMENDMENT
U.S PASSED THE PLATT AMENDMENT
A.) MADE CUBA PUT IT IN THEIR CONSTITUTION
PLATT AMENDEMNT
1. U.S. COULD GET INVOLVED TO KEEP ORDER
3. U.S. BUY OR LEASE LAND IN CUBA FOR NAVAL BASE
- U.S. SAID THEY WOULDN’T LEAVE CUBA UNTIL THEY ADOPTED THE PLATT
AMENDMENT
-CUBA BECOMES A PROTECTORATE
A.) A COUNTRY WHOSE AFFAIRS ARE PARTLY CONTROLLED BY
A STRONGER COUNTRY
CHAPTER 21
ACQUIRING AND MANAGING
GLOBAL POWER
CHAPTER 21 SEC 3
US. INVOLVEMENT IN LATIN AMERICA
U.S. IMPERIALISM?
1. PANAMA CANAL
U.S. REALIZED THE ECONOMIC AND MILITARY ADVANTAGE A CANAL
WOULD BE TO LINK THE PACIFIC AND ATLANTIC OCEANS
A.)PANAMA MOST LIKELY PLACE TO PUT IT
A.)
WOULD SHORTEN SHIPS MILAGE FROM 14,000 MILES TO 5,000
MILES
HOWEVER
-PANAMA AT THE TIME WAS PART OF COLUMBIA AND WOULDN’T ALLOW A
CANAL TO BE BUILT
A.)
TEDDY ROOSEVELT TRIED TO LEASE LAND FROM COLUMBIA TO
BUILD THE CANAL, THEY SAID NO.
SO
-U.S. ENCOURAGES PANAMA TO REVOLT AGAINST COLUMBIA
A.)
U.S. SENDS SHIPS OFF THE COAST TO STOP COLOMBIA’S
MILITARY FROM RESPONDING
-U.S. WOULD RECOGNIZE PANAMA AS INDEPENDENT COUNTRY
SO
-ROOSEVELT SIGNS A TREATY WITH PANAMA TO DIG A 50 MILE CANAL ACROSS v
PANAMA (PANAMA CANAL)
A.)
MARION SHOVEL SUPPLIED SHOVELS
B.)
ROOSEVELT SAID IT WAS HIS BIGGEST ACCOMPLISHMENT
C.)
IT TOOK 10 YRS TO BUILS AND OPENED IN 1914
D.)
U.S. WOULD KEEP CONTROL OF CANAL UNTIL 1999, THEN GAVE IT
BACK TO PANAMA
2. HAWAII
-CROSSROADS OF THE PACIFIC
- AMERICAN PLANTERS WERE MAKING MILLIONS EXPORTING GOODS LIKE SUGAR
CANE AND PINEAPPLE
- NATIVES WERE NOT HAPPY WITH THE WHITE INFLUENCE
SO
-QUEEN LILIUOKALANI (QUEEN OF HAWAII) CREATED NEW CONSTITUTION TO
GIVE MORE POWER TO NATIVES AND AWAY FROM WHITE FARMERS
HOWEVER
-WHITE FARMERS REFUSED TO FOLLOW THE NEW CONSTITUTION AND CALLED
ON U.S. TO HELP OVERTHROW THE QUEEN. WHICH WE DID.
- HAWAII WOULD BECOME A STATE IN 1959
3. CHINA
1899 – PHILIPPINES REVOLT OVER U.S. CONTROL
A.) WAR LASTED 3 YRS CLAIMED 4,000 U.S.
LIVES AND COST 400 MILLION
B.)SEND WILLIAM HOWARD TAFT TO BE
GOVERNOR OF PHILIPPINES AND TO KEEP ORDER
OPEN DOOR POLICY
PHILIPPINES THE GATEWAY TO ASIA
- CHINA WAS A PLACE WHERE COUNTRIES WERE FIGHTING OVER IT RESOURCES
A.) SETTING UP COLONIES
- U.S. DIDN’T WANT ANY OF CHINA’S TERRITORY BUT AFRAID THEY WOULD LOSE
TRADING RIGHTS
- OPEN DOOR POLICY- KEEP EQUAL TRADING RIGHTS IN CHINA AND OTHER
NATIONS
BOXER REBELLION
-CHINESE TRIED TO KICK OUT ALL FOREIGN COUNTRIES
A.) BOXERS WERE A SECRET SOCIETY
1.) GOAL WAS TO DRIVE OUT THE
FOREIGN DEVILS