KINGDOMS OF LIFE
Chapter 1 – Study Guide
When a living thing reproduces, it creates offspring.
Study the chart below:
Parts of Plant Cells
Name
Cell wall
Chloroplast
nucleus
Vacuole
Function
Provides protection and support
Makes food
Controls cell activities
Holds water, food, and wastes
Animal cells cannot make their own food because they lack chlorophyll.
Viruses differ from living things because they cannot reproduce on their own.
Plant cells have a thick, protective cell wall. Animal cells have only a thin cell membrane and no cell
wall. List a reason why plant cells need a thick protective coating. Plants are unable to move on their
own, so their cells need more protection. Also, thick cell walls may make it easier for plants to store
food for long periods of time.
A true statement about protists is that all protists have a nucleus.
The scientific name for a common housecat is FELIS CATUS. The word FELIS refers to the animal’s genus.
A species is the smallest group into which an organism can be classified.
Study the diagram below:
Microorganisms
protists
bacteria
fungi
How might some types of bacteria be helpful to the environment? Some types of bacteria
break down dead plant matter for food. If it were not for these bacteria, dead plants would
pile up in the environment and crowd out live plants.
Carbon dioxide enters a plant’s leaves through the stomata.
A tree trunk is a type of stem.
Both seeds and spores create new plants.
Study the diagram below:
Sunlight hits a leaf
Light energy travels to
Chloroplast in plant cells
Chlorophyll traps the Sun’s energy.
Light energy changes carbon
dioxide and water to food.
Imagine that a plant lost all of its leaves. What do you think might happen to the plant? The
plant would die because it would have no way to make food. Plants make food through
photosynthesis, which takes place in the leaves.
The main purpose of a flower is to create new plants.
Comparing the speed of the seeds growth is NOT a way in which seed plants are classified.
The resin of the female pinecone catches pollen.
Study the diagram below:
Inherited traits
size
color
shape
Imagine that you are standing under a pine tree when several pinecones fall to the ground.
What do you think happened when the pinecones hit the ground? When the pinecones fell on
the ground they dropped the seeds that were inside them. The seeds will form seedlings that
will become new pine trees.