Supplemental Table 1. Overview of most recent articles employing ATRP of NIPAM.
REFERENCE
POLYMERIZATION RESULTING CELL BEHAVIOR
TECHNIQUE USED
Chen et al, Acta ATRP for 24 hours at Smooth muscle cells were used. Cells grew on
Biomaterialia,
4oC + collagen coating the pNIPAM-collagen coated surfaces and
2008[29]
detached from them when the temperature was
lowered.
Gunnewiek et al, ATRP, 30 minutes at Fibroblast cells were used. High density brushes
Israel Journal of room temperature.
resulted in lower cell attachment. Complete
Chemistry,
detachment occurred after lowering the
2012[30]
temperature. There were fewer cells on
PNIPAM surfaces when compared to controls.
Ke et al, Journal ATRP at 60°C for 2, 4, Fibroblast cells were used. The cells could
of
Applied 8, and 12 hours.
adhere and grow to some extent on the surfaces.
Polymer Science,
Significant number of cells detached from the
2010[31]
surfaces after temperature was lowered.
Kim
et
al., ATRP for 2 hours at Fibroblast cells used. Little cell attachment to
Bulletin
of room temperature.
pNIPAM surfaces.
Korean Chemical
Society, 2004[32]
Li et al, Colloids ATRP
at
room Liver carcinoma cells were used. The thicker
and Surfaces B: temperature
for
2 the surface, the fewer cells attached. The
Biointerfaces,
hours. RGD peptide surfaces grafted with a pNIPAM(25nm)-b2011[33]
added.
PAA(5-15nm) layer and further decorated with
RGD had the best balance between satisfactory
cell adhesion and detachment.
Li
et
al, ATRP
at
room Liver carcinoma cells were used. As the
Langmuir,
temperature for 60, surfaces became thicker, the number of cells
2008[34]
150, and 300 minutes.
adhering decreased. For thicknesses between 20
and 45 nm, the cells satisfactorily attached and
detached by the temperature switching.
Mizutani,
The reaction proceeded Endothelial cells were used. Thicker layers with
Biomaterials,
at 25°C for up to 16 high polymer grafted amount had negligible cell
2008[35]
hours.
adhesion. On surfaces to which cells attached,
they detached completely when the temperature
was lowered.
Nagase et al, ATRP for 16 hours AT Endothelial cells, fibroblasts, smooth muscle
Journal
of 25°C.
cells, and skeletal muscle myoblast cells were
Materials
used. Short brush surfaces showed cell
Chemistry,
adhesion. However, cells did not detach from
2012[36]
short brush surfaces. Cells were unable to
adhere to long brush surfaces. Moderate brush
lengths showed cell adhesion and detachment.
Tamura et al, ATRP
at
room Chinese hamster ovary cells were used. The
Biomaterials,
temperature for 16 number of adhering cells was found to decrease
2012[37]
Sui
et
Australian
Journal
Chemistry,
2011[38]
hours.
al, ATRP for at
temperature
of minutes.
room
30
Xu et al, Colloids
and Surfaces B:
Biointerfaces,
2011[39]
ATRP
at room
temperature for 0.5 – 2
hours plus collagen
coating.
Zhang
et
al,
Journal
of
Biomedical
Materials
Research
B:
Applied
Biomaterials,
2012[40]
Nagase et al.,
Macromolecular
Bioscience,
2011[41]
ATRP at 50-55oC for
22 hours.
with increasing amount of grafted pNIPAM.
Fibroblast cells were used. Lower density
brushes had a much higher adhesion with
elongated cell morphology, whereas middle and
high density brushes displayed progressive
decrease of cell density. After decreasing
temperature, all cells detached from the lower
density brushes.
Fibroblast cells were used. Cells attached. The
higher the content of the collagen, the higher the
density of the attached cells. Cells detached
from the surfaces when the temperature was
lowered, however, higher contents of the
collagen weakened the interaction between the
chains and attached cells and hindered complete
cell recovery.
Fibroblast cells used. Very low cell adhesion
and proliferation.
ATRP at 25oC for 16 Endothelial cells were used. Dilute pNIPAM
hours.
brushes showed better cell attachment than
dense brushes. Better cell attachment occurred
on surfaces with shorter pNIPAM chain length.