A Data-Mining Model for Protection
of FACTS-Based Transmission Line
ABSTRACT:
This paper presents a data-mining model for fault-zone identification of
flexible ac transmission systems (FACTS)-based transmission line including a
thyristor controlled series compensator (TCSC) and unified power-flow controller
(UPFC), using ensemble decision trees. Given the randomness in the ensemble of
decision trees stacked inside the random forests model, it provides effective
decision on fault-zone identification.
In the FACTS-based transmission line, if the fault does not include FACTS
device, then the impedance calculation is like an ordinary transmission line, and
when the fault includes FACTS, then the impedance calculation accounts for the
impedances introduced by FACTS device. The line impedance is compared with
the protective zone and if the line impedance is less than the relay setting, then
the relay issues a signal to trip the circuit breaker (CB). Further, for similar types
of faults, the current level may be of the same order at two different points of the
Transmission line, (before and after TCSC/UPFC). Thus, before the apparent
impedance to the fault point is computed, a more reliable and accurate fault-zone
identification technique is necessary for safe and reliable operation of the
distance relay.
Existing System:
The current trend for building an protection for transmission line is
held by statically. Which means there having no knowledge about the accurate
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voltage and current levels mostly because of using analog meters for
measurement. And also remote measurement is also not possible. It leads to the
loss of power and also requires lot of man power to monitor and maintain
purpose.
Problems on existing system:
1. Maintenance cost is high and also requires lot of man power for
maintenance.
2. Computerized relay control is not possible.
3. It’s not possible to disconnect the relay the power grid quickly.
Proposed System:
Here, we extend the existing definitions of modules and we introduce real
time transmission line monitoring and relay control system with accurate
measurement of voltage and current in FACTS-based transmission line. The main
idea to develop this system is to reduce the wastage of power and also to avoid
the flow of low and high voltage in the transmission lines.
Advantages:
1. We can relay the power grid quickly when the voltage or current gets
lead or lags.
2. The graphical measurement is also possible.
3. We can measure the power remotely and also relay the grid remotely.
Implementation:
Implementation is the stage of the project when the theoretical design
is turned out into a working system. Thus it can be considered to be the most
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critical stage in achieving a successful new system and in giving the user,
confidence that the new system will work and be effective.
The implementation stage involves careful planning, investigation of
the existing system and it’s constraints on implementation, designing of
methods to achieve changeover and evaluation of changeover methods.
Main Modules:1. Connecting meters with power grid:
In the FACT-Based transmission line we have to install the voltage and
current measurement system and send those measured values to the remote
stations for definite intervals.
2. Receiving and Monitoring the measured values:
In the remote station the measured values frequently monitored. The
measured samples are taken for specified period of time. If the measured value
exceeds the specified lead or lag values for that particular period of time, an alert
message will be displayed and then it automatically relay the power grid in the
same time.
3. Admin And User Module:
In this module, Users are having authentication and security to access the
detail which is presented in the ontology system. Before accessing or searching
the details user should have the account in that otherwise they should register
first.
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System Configuration:
H/W System Configuration:
Pentium –III
Processor
-
Speed
- 1.1 Ghz
RAM
- 256 MB(min)
Hard Disk
- 20 GB
Floppy Drive
- 1.44 MB
Key Board
- Standard Windows Keyboard
Mouse
- Two or Three Button Mouse
Monitor
- SVGA
S/W System Configuration:
Operating System
: Windows95/98/2000/XP
Application Server
: Tomcat5.0/6.X
Front End
: HTML, Java, Jsp
Scripts
: JavaScript.
Server side Script
: Java Server Pages.
Database
: Mysql 5.0
Database Connectivity
: JDBC.
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