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Modern Language Association (MLA), 7th Ed. Citation Style
In-Text Citations
Author not named in your text:
“Despite the endorsements of organic food, some people doubt that it is less harmful and more nutritious than other food”
(Forman 20).
Author named in your text:
Nelson argues, “Though we speak the same language as its characters do, Pride and Prejudice belongs to a world that is
utterly different from twenty-first-century North America” (33).
References: Print Sources
Book
Author’s last name, Author’s first name. Title of book. Place of publication: Publisher, Date. Print.
Spiegelman, Art. Maus: a survivor's tale. New York: Pantheon Books, 1997. Print.
Article/Chapter from an edited book (i.e. Encyclopedia)
Author’s last name, Author’s first name. “Article title.” Encyclopedia title. Year of edition. Print.
Moose, Christina J. Ed. “16th Century: Rise of the Shenshi.” The Renaissance & early modern era. 2005. Print.
* If an author cannot be found, move the editor’s name into the author’s space, followed by Ed. or Eds. If there is no
editor, move the article name to the author space.*
Article from a newspaper
Author’s last name, Author’s first name. “Article Title.” Newspaper Day Month Year, edition (if available): section page.
Print.
Pyette, Ryan. “Camaraderie, loyalty key attributes of Knights.” The London Free Press 14 May 2013: D5. Print.
Article from a magazine
Author’s last name, Author’s first name. “Article Title.” Magazine Day Month Year: pages. Print.
Sabatini, Jeff. “Google maps: From the Bronx to the battery, it’s Google’s world. We just live in it.” Car and Driver June
2013: 95-98. Print.
Reproduction of an image of art (print or website)
Artist’s last name, Artist’s first name. Title of the work of art. Date of creation. The institution, and city where the work is
housed. Where you found the art. Medium of publication. Day Month Year.
Sikander, Shahzia. Chaman. 2000. Whitney Museum of American Art, New York. Art in the Twenty-First Century. Print.
2001.
Catechism
Catechism of the Catholic Church: Revised in Accordance with the Official Latin Text Promulgated by Pope John Paul II.
2nd ed. Vatican City: Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 1997. Print.
When citing the Catechism within the text of your work, it would look like this (CCC 1554). Shorten the title to CCC and
add the paragraph number (i.e. 1554), not the page number. By using the paragraph number, not the page number, the
particular edition with its various paging doesn’t matter.
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References: Audio/Visual
Podcast
“Title of episode” Title of program or series. Name of network (if any). Call letters of the station followed by the city (if
any). Broadcast date. Medium of publication.
“David Suzuki” The Hour with George Stroumboulopoulos. CBC. Toronto. 10 May 2010. Web.
References: Electronic Sources
Article from a database
Author’s last name, Author’s first name. “Article Title.” Title of source volume.issue (publication date): page range. Name
of database. Web. Date of access.
Hendricks, Randy. "Tragedy And The Modern American Novel: The Great Gatsby, Absalom, Absalom! And All The King's
Men." Critical Insights: Absalom, Absalom! (2011): 79-93. Literary Reference Center. Web. 15 May 2013.
Article/Chapter from an eBook
Author’s last name, Author’s first name. “Article Title.” Title of source. By Author of book’s last name. Place of publication:
publisher, year of publication. Page range. Name of eBook database. Web. Date of access.
Callicott, J. Baird, and Robert Frodeman, Eds. “Aquifers.” Encyclopedia of Environmental Ethics and Philosophy.
Detroit: Macmillan Reference USA, 2009. 64-65. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 15 May 2013.
Citing an eBook
Author’s last name, Author’s first name. Title. Place of publication: publisher, year of publication. Name of eBook
database. Web. Date of access.
Collins, Suzanne. Catching Fire. New York: Scholastic Press, 2009. Google Books. Web. 15 May 2013.
Website
Author’s last name, Author’s first name. “Title.” Website. Publisher, date of article. Web. Date of access.
Maly, Tim. “Light-up wheels turn your bike into a 'Tron Cycle.” CNN.com. CNN Tech, 15 May 2013. Web. 16 May 2013.
Image retrieved from a search engine
Author’s last name, Author’s first name. “Title of image.” Source. Search engine. Web. Date of access. <URL>.
Katarina. “Autumn Lake.” Flickr.com. Yahoo. Web. 15 May 2013. < http://www.flickr.com/photos/jup3nep
/8192878553/?f=hp>.
Notes
If no page is given, substitute n. pag.
If no author is given, move editor’s name into the author space, followed by Ed. or Eds. (see Article/Chapter from an
eBook example).
The second and subsequent lines of a citation are always indented.
Works Cited:
Gibaldi, Joseph, Ed. MLA handbook for writers of research papers. New York: The Modern Language Association of
America, 2009. Print.
Purdue Online Writing Lab. “MLA style.” Purdue OWL. 2013. Web. 15 May 2013.