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Annotated Bibliography
Baughman, Laurie. “Friend Request or Foe? Confirming the Misuse of Internet
and Social Networking Sites by Domestic Violence Perpetrators.” Widener
Law Journal 19 (2010): 933-966. Academic Search Premier. Web. 13 Jul.
2011. Baughman provides a wealth of statistical data on user frequency
and posting content on social networks like Facebook and MySpace. She
focuses on the potential threat that social networks possess in cases of
domestic violence and cyber-stalking. Baughman hits her main key point
as she talks about the ease at which perpetrators can access information
about victims both directly via the creation of alias profiles and indirectly
through monitoring the postings and profiles of the victim’s family and
friends. This article adds another dimension to the argument that the
growing dependence on social networks can be detrimental to user health
and wellbeing. Laurie Baughman is a Senior Attorney at the Pennsylvania
Coalition Against Domestic Violence.
Brown, Jane and Piotr Bobkowski. “Older and Newer Media: Patterns of Use and
Effects on Adolescents’ Health and Well-Being.” Journal of Research on
Adolescence 21.1 (2011): 95-113. Academic Search Premier. Web. 20,
Jul. 2011. This article reviews research data collected over the last
decade to compare and contrast the effects of older forms of media (radio,
television, music and magazines) with the effects of more current media
such as the internet, cell phones and social networks. This review
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provides great information on the empirical effects that today’s media has
on adolescents: In particular, the benefits of more teen political
involvement, interaction through social media and identity development.
Although research refutes overindulgent internet use and “social
maladjustment” as valid threats, the authors make note of the strong
correlation between increased aggression, antisocial behavior and
exposure to media violence. Cyberbullying is highlighted as a major risk
that is also supported by extensive studies. In addition, sexually explicit
content seems to encourage the blurring of traditional gender roles and
teen promiscuity, while making teens more vulnerable to sexual predators.
The authors also make note that studies have linked media to eating
disorders and insecurity regarding body image as well as underage use
and abuse of drugs, tobacco and alcohol. The authors are both from the
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. They complied these findings
from over 50 peer reviewed research manuscripts.
Carr, Nicholas. “Is Google Making Us Stupid?” The Atlantic Jul/Aug. 2008. CSU
Writing Studio. Web. 19 Jul. 2011. In this article, Carr talks about the
changes in behavior that have transpired with increased public reliance on
the Internet. He acknowledges that there are now significant differences in
the way people think and read, despite the fact that long-term investigation
has yet to produce substantial evidence to support his claims. Carr
includes several first-hand accounts from respected, well known
professionals, who have also voiced some concern with the way the
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Internet has altered their ability to think and read in the same ways they
once did.
Cascio, Jamais. “Get Smarter.” The Atlantic Jul/Aug. 2009. CSU Writing Studio.
Web. 27 Jun. 2011. In his response to an earlier essay written by Nicholas
Carr, the author addresses the claims of the Internet having negative
affects on society. Cascio presents a compelling rebuttal of Carr’s main
preface and suggests that human nature will inevitably triumph as society
adapts to the ever-changing age of information.
Chao, Ruth, and Michiko Otsuki-Clutter. “Racial and Ethnic Differences:
Sociocultural and Contextual Explanations.” Journal of Research on
Adolescence 21.1 (2011): 47-60. Academic Search Premier. Web. 13 Jul.
2011. The authors of this article discuss the increased emphasis on
ethnicity and culture when looking at ethnic identity and overall
development and acculturation of youth in ethnic minorities. They make
the distinction between the terms race, ethnicity and culture as having
very different definitions. Chao and Otsuki-Clutter also highlight several
facets of parenting and how different approaches can shape adolescent
identity and development. The contents of this article can be used to
examine the importance of parental involvement in social media and serve
as supplemental information to support the effects of social media on the
development and identity of youth.
Cordeiro, Wayne. “New World Order.” New Hope Christian Fellowship. Honolulu,
Hi. 17 Jul. 2011. Church Sermon. Cordeiro speaks on how the “rapid
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obsolescence of technology is at warp speed… and everything is
changing.” He offers several statistics on just how quickly societal norms
and values can change and gives a brief overview of the changes in
societal trends from the Agrarian Age to the Information Age. The contents
of his sermon add emphasis to the rapid rate at which our society
reshapes itself. Wayne Cordeiro is the senior pastor of New Hope
Christian Fellowship, and has planted over 108 churches in the US and
abroad. He is the President of New Hope Christian College (formerly
Eugene Bible College), has authored numerous books and has been the
keynote speaker at various conferences both locally and internationally.
Gladwell, Malcolm. “Small Change: Why The Revolution Will Not Be Tweeted.”
The New Yorker 4 Oct. 2010. CSU Writing Studio. Web. 11 Jul. 2011. In
this article, Gladwell discusses activism and the 1960’s Civil Rights
Movement in comparison to recent social movements involving substantial
use of social media as communication conduits. Gladwell conveys his
belief that, contrary to popular belief, many modern day movements are
neither spawned nor sustained solely by the means of social media. In
fact, Gladwell suggests that there is an “outsized enthusiasm for social
media” which have “produced a false consciousness”. Moreover, Gladwell
argues that social media forms “weak-tie connections” and “makes it
easier for activists to express themselves, and harder for that expression
to have any impact.” Gladwell is a New York Times bestselling author of
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Blink, and The Tipping Point, and Outliers. He has also been a presenter
and TED talks.
Kelly, Kate, and Peggy Ramundo. You Mean I’m Not Lazy, Stupid or Crazy?! The
Classic Self-Help Book for Adults with Attention Deficit Disorder. New
York, Scribner: 2006. Ebook. In their effort to demystify Attention Deficit
Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD), Kelly and Ramundo make mention of Alvin
Toffler’s theory of the negative consequences technology will eventually
have on the psychological wellbeing of our society. The authors go on to
refute this claim and expand on their belief that the “demands of a fast
paced and complex [society],” will not be the cause of ADD rather a factor
that exacerbates and intensifies the debilitating symptoms associated with
this disorder. I feel that this excerpt represents two opposing viewpoints
on the same issue: The opinions of Kelly & Ramundo and Toffler take a
mildly different turn in respect to how technology will affect the general
population, which may prove helpful in painting a clear picture of various
hesitations of increased dependence upon social media. Both authors
have been diagnosed with ADHD. Since its initial publication in 1993, the
book has gained wide recognition among a variety of stakeholders and
has sold millions of copies. Toffler is most known as a respected writer,
former editor of Fortune Magazine, White House correspondent and
visiting professor at Cornell University.
King, Thomas. “Teens’ Use of Online Social Networking.” Journal of New
Communications Research 4.2 (2009): Academic Search Premier. Web.
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13 Jul. 2011. In this article King examines the history of social networking
from “Xanga to the newly updated version of Facebook,” and various ways
these networks are used. He does this through researching the reasons
teen users are drawn to use these networks and how they decide on
which platforms that they use. King discusses differences in the two major
contenders in the social media movement: Facebook and MySpace. He
also mentions the stark contrast in MySpace, due largely in part to its
diverse publishing options and customizable pages, being the initial venue
for fledgling social networkers to “experiment with their self-image,” and
Facebook, being the more exclusive and less gaudy of the two networks,
as the genuine site of social interaction. It all boils down to a matter of
personality vs. exclusivity. It should also be noted that King remarks on
the fact that Facebook was originally designed for and targeted college
students, while MySpace was created to advocate for and boost interest in
the entertainment industry. The article goes on to provide supporting
evidence that although the use of social networks differs with age of the
user, on fact remains clear: Social networks have become an integral part
of the development and maintenance of self-image and a sense of
belonging, which begins as early as middle school. Preteens find that
social networks offer them the opportunity and “power to be whoever they
want to be,” while high schoolers use social media to develop community
and extend their social circles. It should be noted that the participants of
this study were, on average, 12-19 years of age. The author of the article
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is a University of Richmond student as well as a research associate for
Emergent Research who has been studying Gen Y’s use of social media
since he was in high school.
Lee, Edmund. “Why Facebook will emerge a winner in battle over privacy.”
Advertising Age 82.14 (2011): Academic Search Premier. Web. 13 Jul.
2011. In his openly opinionated piece, Lee addresses his belief that
Facebook will gain immunity from newly passed legislation aimed at
stricter privacy guidelines for both marketers and networks administrators.
Facebook’s legislative amnesty is due largely in part to the nature of
openly shared information by Facebook users and the company’s
forthright (and rather adamant) stance on user disclosure. As a specific
example, Lee used the case of Google executive Wael Ghonim, who was
asked to delete his Facebook account and re-register under his real name
after he anonymously created the Facebook page that provoked the
recent Egyptian insurrection. The heart of Lee’s article lies with his
argument that the Internet has never been a refuge for those seeking
anonymity; as limitless source of information, privacy infringement is
inherent in the very nature of its design: We have “always been tracked,”
only now that information is becoming a commodity for marketers and
third-party data collectors. Edmund Lee is a writer for Advertising Age,
who specializes in and covers articles relating to digital news.
Li, Jin and Lingjing Zhan. “Online Persuasion: How the Written Word Drives
WOM.” Journal of Advertising Research Mar. 2011: 239-257. Academic
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Search Premier. Web. 13 July 2011. This article examines various aspects
of a study done on word of mouth (WOM) and marketing credibility in
online product reviews. The authors discuss their data and findings on
product popularity and consumer response to online product reviews, then
explain the increasing impact of technology and WOM on advertising. This
article alludes to a rise in the involvement of third party data collectors and
marketers in social networking. It also opens the door for discussion of
privacy rights and the disbursement of personal information. Li is an
assistant professor of marketing at North Dakota State University and has
been published in the Journal of Retailing, the Canadian Journal of
Administrative Sciences, and the Journal of Managerial Issues. Zhan is an
assistant professor of marketing at the Hong Kong Polytechnic University.
Both received their PhD certification from the University of Alberta.
Miladi, Noureddine. “Tunisia: A Media led revolution?” Media Development Feb.
2011: 8-11. Academic Search Premier. Web. 13 July 2011. Miladi
highlights recent outcries of civil unrest, which ultimately led to the fall of
the Tunisian government in 2011. Social media networks allowed the
international broadcast of unexpurgated personal accounts of the discord
between citizens and the government. Miladi contends that this
component way a key factor in maintaining the momentum of the
movement; historically, ruling political parties had controlled all media for
use as “propaganda tools.” According to Miladi, the communication tools
provided by Facebook and Twitter were the driving force and absolutely
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crucial in “the escalation of [the Tunisia] events.” This article panders to
politically involved individuals, namely, grass roots activists and the
politicians who wish to silence them. The publication provides an example
of a case in which dependence upon social media was of the utmost
importance. Along with being a senior lecturer in media and sociology at
the University of Northampton in the UK, Miladi is also the editor of the
Journal of Arab & Muslim Research Media and an expert in the field of
Middle East and North African conflict and media.