Name:______________________________________________ Date:_______________________ Pd:________
Cell Division Study Guide (Chapter 4.1-4.2)
Part I: Vocabulary. Using the word bank below, write the correct term next to its definition. Each word will
only be used once.
interphase
zygote
meiosis
budding
cytokinesis
chromosome
sperm
regeneration
cell cycle
sexual reproduction
haploid
diploid
meiosis I
meiosis II
mitosis
sister chromatids
egg
fertilization
asexual reproduction
fission
1. ________________________________ type of reproduction where a new exact copy of one parent
organism is formed.
2. ________________________________ the “life cycle” of a cell, a series of events that take place from one
cell division to the next.
3. ________________________________ structure in the nucleus that contains hereditary material (DNA).
4. ________________________________ 2 sex cells, usually egg and sperm, come together in this type of
reproduction.
5. ________________________________ body cells that have 23 pairs (46 total) chromosomes in humans.
6. ________________________________ sex cells with half the number of chromosomes (23 in humans).
7. ________________________________ form of asexual reproduction used by bacteria.
8. ________________________________ the process our body cells use to divide, the nucleus divides to form
two identical nuclei.
9. ________________________________ sex cell formed in the male reproductive organs.
10. ________________________________ sex cell formed in the female reproductive organs.
11. ________________________________ the process that produces haploid sex cells and ensures that
offspring have the same diploid number as the parent.
12. ________________________________ division of the cytoplasm following mitosis and the forming of 2
new cells.
13. ________________________________ form of asexual reproduction in which a small, exact copy of the
adult grows from the parent.
14. ________________________________ joining of the egg and sperm.
15. ________________________________ period of growth and development before cell division when
chromosomes are duplicated.
16. ________________________________ part of meiosis when the nucleus divides and produces two new
cells with one duplicated chromosome each.
17. ________________________________ part of meiosis when the nuclei divide and chromatids separate,
producing four cells with half the number of chromosomes of the original nucleus.
18. ________________________________ form of asexual reproduction where a whole new organism grows
from a piece of the parent.
19. ________________________________ when a chromosome is duplicated, the two identical parts are
known as these.
20. ________________________________ the cell that forms following fertilization.
Part II: Mitosis and Meiosis Concept Review Questions. Answer each question below in the space provided.
21. What are 3 differences between mitosis and meiosis?
a. __________________________________________________________________________________
b. __________________________________________________________________________________
c. __________________________________________________________________________________
22. The process of mitosis:
a. Mitosis creates __________ new cells that are ______________________ to the original parent cell.
b. If the original parent cell contained 46 chromosomes, the cells at the end of mitosis will have
_________ chromosomes
c. Before mitosis begins, the cell is in the part of the cell cycle where growth, development, and
chromosome duplication takes place, known as ____________________________.
d. Prophase is the first phase of mitosis, where ______________________ become visible.
e. In ____________________________, chromosomes line up along the middle of the cell.
f. During anaphase, chromosomes _______________________________________________________.
g. The final stage of mitosis is ____________________, where 2 new nuclei are formed.
h. After mitosis, the ________________________ is split during cytokinesis, resulting in 2 new cells.
23. The process of meiosis:
a. The process of meiosis results in _______ new cells each with _______________ the number of
chromosomes as the original cell.
b. Meiosis creates ________________ cells (such as egg and sperm).
b. Meiosis is broken up into two parts, ______________________ and ____________________.
c. After meiosis I, the nucleus divides, producing ___________ new cells, each with one
________________________ chromosome.
d. After meiosis II, the nuclei divide, and chromatids separate producing ______ new cells that are
considered _____________________, meaning they have half the normal number of chromosomes.
Part III: Short Answer: Answer each question below using sentences, or a bulleted list, where appropriate.
24. How is mitosis different in plant and animal cells?
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25. What is a zygote? Describe in detail how it is formed.
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26. Compare/contrast what happens to chromosomes during metaphase I and metaphase II of meiosis.
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27. Why is cell division important for organisms?
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