E1965 v3
THE WORLD BANK GROUP
Nigeria:Environmental & Social Impact Assessments
P095003 NG: Rural Access and Mobility Project- Phase 2
7/6/2012
Federal Ministry of Agriculture and
Detailed engineering design, safeguards studies and Preparation
of bidding documents for prioritized 222.83km rural roads in osun state of Nigeria
Rural Development
ESIA/ESMP Report
TABLE OF CONTENT
Chatper 1
INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 1-1
1.1
PROJECT BACKGROUND:............................................................................................................... 1-1
1.2
PROJECT ROAD: .............................................................................................................................. 1-3
1.3
NEED OF THE PROJECT ................................................................................................................. 1-5
1.4
ENVIRONMENTAL SCREENING ...................................................................................................... 1-5
1.4.1 Nigeria EIA Classification ......................................................................................................... 1-5
1.4.2 Project Categorization as Per World Bank ............................................................................... 1-7
1.5
NEED OF THE ESIA STUDY ............................................................................................................ 1-8
1.6
PROJECT INFLUENCE AREA .......................................................................................................... 1-8
1.7
PROJECT PROPONENT................................................................................................................... 1-8
1.8
OBJECTIVES OF THE ESIA STUDY ................................................................................................ 1-8
1.9
SCOPE OF THE ESIA STUDY .......................................................................................................... 1-8
1.10
STUDY APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY ................................................................................... 1-9
1.11
REPORT STRUCTURE ................................................................................................................... 1-14
Chatper 2
2.1
POLICY, REGULATORY AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK ......................................... 2-1
POLICY FRAMEWORK ..................................................................................................................... 2-1
2.1.1 Economic Policy Framework .................................................................................................... 2-1
2.1.2 National Policy on the Environment ......................................................................................... 2-1
2.2
LEGAL FRAMEWORK ....................................................................................................................... 2-1
2.2.1 Environmental Regulations ...................................................................................................... 2-4
2.2.2 State Legislations and State Ministry of Environment .............................................................. 2-4
2.2.3 Nigerian Environmental Management Act ................................................................................ 2-6
2.2.4 Land Use Act ............................................................................................................................ 2-6
2.2.5 Applicable International Legal And Administrative Instruments ............................................... 2-6
2.2.6 World Bank’s Environmental And Social Guidelines ................................................................ 2-7
Chatper 3
ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVE .............................................................................................. 3-1
3.1
GENERAL .......................................................................................................................................... 3-1
3.2
WITH AND WITHOUT PROJECT ALTERNATIVES ......................................................................... 3-1
3.3
WITH AND WITHOUT PROJECT ALTERNATIVES ......................................................................... 3-1
Chatper 4
PROJECT DESCRIPTION ...................................................................................................... 4-1
4.1
INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................................ 4-1
4.2
PROJECT ROAD ............................................................................................................................... 4-2
4.3
EXISTING ROAD FEATURES ........................................................................................................... 4-6
4.3.1 Traffic Trends ........................................................................................................................... 4-6
4.4
PROPOSED ROAD FEATURES ....................................................................................................... 4-6
4.4.1 Alignment Proposal .................................................................................................................. 4-6
4.4.2 Shoulder ................................................................................................................................... 4-6
4.4.3 Side Slopes .............................................................................................................................. 4-6
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Rural Development
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4.4.4 Design Speed ........................................................................................................................... 4-6
4.4.5 Geometric Design Aspects ....................................................................................................... 4-6
4.4.6 Junction .................................................................................................................................... 4-7
4.4.7 Culverts and Bridges ................................................................................................................ 4-7
4.5
PROJECT SCHEDULE ...................................................................................................................... 4-8
4.6
SKILLED AND UNSKILLED LABOUR: .............................................................................................. 4-8
4.7
EQUIPMENTS BEING USED: ........................................................................................................... 4-9
4.8
LABOUR CAMPS and SIZES: ........................................................................................................... 4-9
4.9
QUARRY and BORROW AREAs: ..................................................................................................... 4-9
Chatper 5
BASELINE ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITION: ............................... 5-11
5.1
GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION OF STUDY AREA: .......................................................................... 5-11
5.2
METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATE: ................................................................................................... 5-11
5.3
RAINFALL ........................................................................................................................................ 5-11
5.4
TEMPERATURE: ............................................................................................................................. 5-12
5.5
WIND SPEED AND DIRECTION: .................................................................................................... 5-12
5.6
RELATIVE HUMIDITY: .................................................................................................................... 5-12
5.7
ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE: ......................................................................................................... 5-12
5.8
SOIL CHARACTERISTICS: ............................................................................................................. 5-12
5.9
WATER RESOURCE STUDIES: ..................................................................................................... 5-14
5.10
AIR QUALITY: .................................................................................................................................. 5-14
5.11
NOISE QUALITY: ............................................................................................................................. 5-17
5.12
BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT: ....................................................................................................... 5-17
5.12.1
5.13
5.14
5.15
Tree Counting and Species Identification: ........................................................................ 5-18
SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT: ............................................................................................ 5-21
5.13.1
Demography ...................................................................................................................... 5-21
5.13.2
Socio-Economic Activities ................................................................................................. 5-22
5.13.3
Industries In Osun ............................................................................................................. 5-22
5.13.4
Health Care Facilities: ....................................................................................................... 5-23
5.13.5
Socio-Economic Survey: ................................................................................................... 5-24
5.13.6
Outcome of Socio-Economic Survey: ............................................................................... 5-25
PUBLIC CONSULTATION: .............................................................................................................. 5-29
5.14.1
Objectives: ......................................................................................................................... 5-29
5.14.2
Consultation Level and Stages ......................................................................................... 5-29
5.14.3
Consultation during the ESIA Preparation. ....................................................................... 5-29
5.14.4
Consultation at ILA Village: ............................................................................................... 5-30
CONCLUSION: .................................................................................................................................. 5-1
Chatper 6
POTENTIAL IMPACTS OF THE PROJECT .......................................................................... 6-2
6.1
INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................................ 6-2
6.2
ENVIRONMENTAL SCREENING EXERCISE: ................................................................................. 6-2
6.2.1 Environmental Factors: ............................................................................................................ 6-2
6.2.2 Social Factors: .......................................................................................................................... 6-2
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6.3
POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT AS PER ESMF: ........................................... 6-3
6.4
POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT IN THE PROJECT: ...................................... 6-4
6.4.1 Physical Environment ............................................................................................................... 6-7
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LIST OF TABLES
Table 1.1: RAMP-2 (Osun State) Project Road Details ................................................................ 1-3
Table 2.1: Applicable World Bank Operational Policies ................................................................ 2-8
Table 3.1: With and Without Project Scenario .............................................................................. 3-1
Table 4.1: List of Project Roads in Osun State under RAMP-II-CLUSTER A .............................. 4-2
Table 4.2: List of Project Roads in Osun State under RAMP-II-CLUSTER B .............................. 4-2
Table 4.3: List of Project Roads in Osun State under RAMP-II-CLUSTER C .............................. 4-2
Table 4.4: List of Culverts ............................................................................................................. 4-7
Table 5.1: Soil Sampling Locations ............................................................................................. 5-13
Table 5.2: Surface and Ground Water Sample locations ........................................................... 5-14
Table 5.3: Noise Level around the Project Area ......................................................................... 5-17
Table 5.4: Noise Exposure Limits for Nigeria. ........................................................................... 5-17
Table 5.5: Population Distributions in Osun State. ..................................................................... 5-21
Table 5.6: Health Care Facilities in Osun State .......................................................................... 5-23
Table 5.7: Villages along project route and selected village for Socio-Economic Survey .......... 5-24
Table 5.8: Details of Public Consultation .................................................................................... 5-30
Table 5.9: Outcome of Public Consultation at ILA Village .......................................................... 5-32
Table 6.1: Outcome of Environment and Social Screening .......................................................... 6-2
Table 6.2: Potential Negative Impact ............................................................................................ 6-4
Table 6.3: Summary of Borrow Pits Locations along the project road clusters ............................ 6-8
Table 6.4: Like Impact on Water Resource................................................................................. 6-12
Table 6.5: Likely Impact on Structures and Common Property Resources-Cluster A ................ 6-17
Table 6.6: Likely Impact on Structures and Common Property Resources-Cluster B ................ 6-17
Table 6.7: Likely Impact on Structures and Common Property Resources-Cluster C ............... 6-17
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1.1: Photographs of RAMP-2 road clusters in Osun State ............................................... 1-3
Figure 1.2: Location Map Osun State Ramp-2 Project Sites ........................................................ 1-4
Figure 1.3: Discussion with Osun State SPIU Members ............................................................ 1-10
Figure 1.4: Joint Site Visit of SPIU and Consultant’s Study Team ............................................. 1-12
Figure 2.1: FMEnv Organizational Structure................................................................................. 2-3
Figure 2.2: The flow chart of the EIA process in Nigeria .............................................................. 2-5
Figure 4.1: Road Clusters in IWO Region ..................................................................................... 4-3
Figure 4.2: Road Clusters in ILE-IFE Region................................................................................ 4-4
Figure 4.3: Road Clusters in ILESA Region.................................................................................. 4-5
Figure 4.4: Typical Cross Section ................................................................................................. 4-7
Figure 5.1: Rainfall and Temperature Distribution in Osun State (source: NIMET 2010) .......... 5-11
Figure 5.2: Soil and Water Sampling Locations .......................................................................... 5-13
Figure 5.3: Air Quality Sampling ................................................................................................. 5-15
Figure 5.4: Expenditure for Socio-Economic Survey .................................................................. 5-25
Figure 5.5: Holding of Durable Commodities .............................................................................. 5-26
Figure 5.6: Available Facilities .................................................................................................... 5-26
Figure 5.7: Women Involvement ................................................................................................. 5-27
Figure 5.8: Women and Men in Decision Making ....................................................................... 5-28
Figure 5.9: Attitude towards Girl Child ........................................................................................ 5-28
Figure 5.10: Public Consultation at ILA Village ........................................................................... 5-31
Figure 6.1: Potential Environment and Social Impact as per ESMF, RAMP-II ............................. 6-4
Figure 6.2: Sample village road section and vegetation along route .......................................... 6-16
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Rural Development
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ACRONYMS
ARAP
Abbreviated Resettlement Action Plan
CITES
Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of wild Fauna and Flora
CO
Carbon Monoxide
CPS
Country Partnership Strategy (World Bank)
ECOWAS
Economic Community of West African States
EIA
Environmental Impact Assessment
ESIA
Environment and Social Impact Assessment
ESMF
Environmental and Social Management Framework
ESMP
Environmental and Social Management Plan
FEPA
Federal Environmental Protection Agency
FGN
Federal Government of Nigeria
FMARD
Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development
FMEnv
Federal Ministry of Environment
IDA
International Development Association
MARPOL
Marine Pollution by Dumping of Waste
MDG
Millennium Development Goal
NIMET
Nigerian Meteorological Agency
NRTTP
National Rural Travel and Transport Policy
NEEDS
National Economic Empowerment & Development Strategy
NGO
Non-Governmental Organization
OP
Operational Policy (World Bank)
PAD
Project Appraisal Document
PPA
Project Preparatory Advance
RAMP-II
Second Rural Access and Mobility Project
ROW
Right of Way
RPF
Resettlement Policy Framework
R&R
Resettlement and Rehabilitation
RTTP
Rural Travel and Transport Program
SPM
Suspended Particulate Matter
SPIU
State Project Implementation Unit
TOR
Terms of Reference
VOC
Volatile Organic Carbon
WB
World Bank
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
INTRODUCTION:
The Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (FMARD) is currently developing
a comprehensive Rural Travel and Transport Program (RTTP) to implement the National
Rural Travel and Transport Policy (NRTTP).
The Rural Access Mobility Program (RAMP) will support this initiative through long term
performance based contracts including both rehabilitation/improvement and maintenance
activities. Therefore, in compliance with Federal and State laws of Nigeria and the World
Bank’s Safeguards Policies, an Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF)
was prepared for Kaduna State for RAMP1. The same is being followed for the Osun State
under RAMP-2 along with the requirement of national requirements of Nigeria for EIA studies.
The ESIA study has been initiated with an objective to assess the anticipated environmental
and social impacts/benefits during design, construction and operation phases of the project
roads under RAMP-2 in Osun State. Based on identified environmental/social
impacts/benefits necessary mitigation measures and management plan shall be developed.
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
The Project roads under the RAMP-2 program in Osun State are divided into three clusters
namely as given in Table 1.
Table 1: RAMP-2 (Osun State) Project Road Details
Cluster
No. of road
Name of Cluster
Total road length
Type of road
No.
Section
1
IWO Region
9
64.5 Km
Earthen
2
ILE-IFE Region
6
109.2 Km
Earthen
3
ILESA Region
7
48.27 Km
Earthen
NEED OF THE PROJECT
The existing carriageway width varies from 4.0 to 6.0 m. The existing roads are earthen roads
and deteriorated due to inadequate maintenance and impact of long days of rainfall (varies
between 4-8 months). These roads act as a major economic corridor of the rural villages and
improvement of project roads are important.
NEED OF THE ESIA STUDY
The up gradation/rehabilitation and maintenance of rural/feeder roads triggers the following
operational policies of World Bank:
 Environmental Assessment (OP: 4.01 and BP: 4.01);
 Involuntary Resettlement (OP/BP 4.12)
The Federal Government of Nigeria created Federal Environmental Protection Agency
(FEPA). According to the FEPA, any development project requires Environmental
Assessment as per the respective categories.
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CATEGORIZATION OF PROJECT
According to FEPA, developmental projects in Nigeria are divided into three categories
namely Category-I, Category-II and Category-III. The projects falling under such project
categories are shown in Figure 1.
The present RAMP-2 project in Osun State falls under Road Rehabilitation project and
therefore may be considered under Category-II in general (Refer figure 1).
As per OP 4.01
The World Bank requires environmental assessment (EA) of projects proposed for Bank
financing to help ensure that they are environmentally sound and sustainable, and thus to
improve decision making.
The project is only a rehabilitation of existing earthen roads towards betterment of local
people and are not involved with any significant environmental impacts which can be
considered as irreversible and in most cases mitigatory measure may be designed readily.
Hence overall the project can be considered as Category-B as per OP: 4.01.
Land Use Act
The legal basis for land acquisition and resettlement in Nigeria is the Land Use Act 1978 and
modified in 1990. According to the Land Use Act, all land in Nigeria is vested in the Governor
of each State, and shall be held in trust for the use and common benefit of all people. The
administration of land area is divided into urban land which will be directly under the control
and management of the Governor of each State.
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Category-I






Then
Agriculture/Agro Allied
Fisheries
Forestry
Industries (Manufacturing)
Food, Beverages and Tobaco Processing;
Infrastructure
ENVIRONMENTAL SENSITIVE AREAS





-Hospital with outfall into beach fronts
- Medium and heavy industrial estate covering 50 Ha or more;
- Expressways and National Highways;
- New Township
















Ports
Housing
Airport
Drainage and Irrigation
Railways
Transportation (Mass Rapid Transport Projects)
Resort and Recreational Development
Power Generation
Petroleum
Mining
Queries
Waste Treatment and Disposal
Water Supply
Land reclamation
Brewery







Coral Reefs;
Mangrove Swamps
Small Islands
Tropical Rainforest
Areas with erosion prone soils e.g mountain
soils;
Areas prone with desertification (semiarid
zone);
Natural Conservation Areas;
Wetlands of national and international
importance;
Areas which harbor protected and or
endangered species;
Areas of unique scenery;
Areas of particular scientific interest;
Areas of historic or archaeological interest
Areas of importance to threatened ethnic
groups
If the project located or close to
Category II
Then
Agriculture and Rural Development







Any reforestation/afforestation project;
Small scale irrigation and drainage;
Small scale aquaculture/Mari culture;
Saw milling wood logging;
Rubber processing
Any fish processing
Any other Agro allied industry
Physical Intervention in the
Environment
But if the project involves
Industry and Infrastructure









Mini hydro power development;
Any small scale industry development;
Small scale power transmission;
Any renewable energy development;
Telecommunication facilities
Rural water supply and sanitation
Public facilities (school, hospitals and housing) etc.
Small scale tourism development;
Small scale development of petroleum or related
facilities;
 Road rehabilitation
 Any form of querying and mining
Category III






Institutional Development
Health Program;
Family Planning Program;
Nutritional Program
Educational Program;
Environmental Awareness
Figure 1: Project Categorization
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ACTIVITIES UNDERTAKEN IN ESIA:
Activity1: The project initiated with the filed visit of Consultant study team during 14.03.2012
and 15.03.2012. The visit was initiated with the introductory meeting with the SPIU officials of
Osun State and Federal Ministry of Environment was also visited to know the related policy
and legal framework related to ESIA study in Nigeria.
Activity2: Field visit was undertaken in selected stretched of project cluster roads. The
observation is given below:
 Project roads are earthen roads with varying width from 4m-6m;
 Roads are degraded in places with pot holes;
 Natural vegetation and farm lands along the project roads;
 The first two meters on either side of the project road mostly comprises of bushes and
few timber grade trees are observed at the inner side of the project road (approximately
7-10m inside);
Activity3: Depending upon the road clusters public consultations with different target groups
were selected. A total 13 consultations were designed after discussion with the SPIU. Among
these, 11 are to be selected as focus group discussion (FGD) in the three road clusters, one
with forest officers of Shasha Native forest and one in a local market.
Activity4: Baseline Environment and Socio-Economic conditions captured through secondary
as well as primary data. Local accredited laboratory hired for such Environmental Monitoring
and laboratory analysis. Further technical staff being sent to collect primary socio-economic
information from 3rd week of March to 2nd week of April 2012.
Activity5: During the filed visit to the selected project roads, no such R&R impact envisaged
from the project, however once the alignment design is finalized then for the structures
expected to be affected will be surveyed.
BASELINE ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITION:
Meteorology and Climate:
There are two seasons annually in Osun state and Nigeria in general, wet season and dry
season. The wet season generally starts from April and extends till October. The dry season
last from November to March and the weathers are hot at this time.
Rainfall:
Rainfall characteristics vary indirectly with latitudinal location but directly with the location of
the ITD and rainy season- initiated winds. The mean annual rainfall varies from 231.75 cm in
the southern part to 206 cm in Osun State, and highest rainfall is usually recorded in the
months of July and August.
Temperature:
Mean maximum ambient temperature values range between 33.84°C in February and 28.8°C
in August, while mean minimum temperatures range between 25.18°C in March and 23.0°C
in August.
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Wind Speed and Direction:
The mean annual wind speed vary between a narrow range of 4.0 and 6.2m/s. Speeds are
higher between July and August, the period of August break.
According to the statistics available for the last ten years the prevalent wind directions is
south-westerly.
Relative humidity:
Relative humidity is usually in excess of 70%, especially during the peak of the wet season.
Atmospheric Pressure:
Atmospheric pressure is highest around November with 58.36hpa and lowest in August with
51.83hpa.
Soil Characteristics:
The soil belong to the highly ferruginous tropical red soils associated with basement
complex rocks. As a result of the dense humid forest cover in the area, the soils are
generally deep and of two types, namely, deep clayey soils formed on low smooth hill
crests and upper slopes; and the sandier hill wash soils on the lower slopes.
S.No.
Table 2: Soil Sampling Locations
Road Section
1
Odogbo-Iwara
2
Ilesa-Odogbo-Araromi
3
Jabu-Irakeji
4
Ira-Ikeji Ile
5
Oligeri-Iragbiji
6
Jagun Osin-Osi
7
Elebu-Osi
8
Osi-Falala
9
Shasha Forest Reserve
10
Alogba-Owode
11
Eleru Town
12
Agbowu-Idiroko
13
Ajagunlase Town
14
Akinleye-Odo Omi
15
Agoro-Ikonifin
16
Eleke-Kanko
The pH range of the soil sample was 6.29- 6.90 the pH range indicates the soils to be
slightly acidic. The concentrations of other anions were found to be in low/moderate
concentrations.
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Water Resource Studies:
Surface and ground water samples were collected in an around the project road areas. The
collection of surface and ground water samples are given in Table 3. Around 12 samples
were collected and In-situ quality parameters including PH, Dissolved oxygen , turbidity
and temperature were determined on site, where there were no source of surface water.
Only well/bore- holes were close to the Site. Samples were collected and preserved
separately for general water physico-chemical parameters (>4˚c), microbiological analysis
(<4˚c), heavy metals (acidified using nitric acid pH< 2), oil and grease and chemical oxygen
demand (acidified using sulphuric acid pH<2). shows the that pH of the water sample was
slightly acidic is within the required range of (6.5-8.5),temperature (<40˚c), conductivity
(NS), Dissolved oxygen (5ppm), chloride (40mg/1) with their actual values being 6.686.97,25.2-27.8˚c, 99-206umhos/cm, and 2.3-3.3ppm respectively. No heavy metals were
detected in all the samples and all other physiochemical. Parameters examined did not
exceed the FMENV permissible limits.
Location
Odogbo
Ilesa
Arakeji
Jagun Osin
Osi
Owode
Table 3: Surface and Ground Water Sample locations
Ground or Surface
Ground or Surface
Location
Water Samples
Water Samples
SW and GW
Eleru
SW and GW
SW and GW
Idiroko pt 1
SW and GW
SW and GW
Shasha Reserve Forest
SW and GW
SW and GW
Idiroko pt 2
SW and GW
SW and GW
Ikonifin
SW and GW
SW and GW
Odo-Omi
SW and GW
Noise Quality:
The noise levels were measures in 10 locations in an around the project road. The details of
noise quality assessment are given found that in all locations are within the permissible noise
exposure limits of Nigeria.
Air Quality:
The air quality has been measured at 12 locations and it has been observed that the air
quality levels are well within the limits prescribed by the Federal Ministry Environmental
Limits. The latitude and longitude of each monitoring stations are also recorded for
assessment of impact in future years.
Biological Environment:
The state Osun is covered by secondary forest and in the northern part, the derived
savannah mosaic predominates. Human interference, by way of cocoa plantation, has also
replaced the forest. Hence, the natural tree species have given way to oil palm (Elacis
guinniensis), gmelina and dense thickets. Mature forests still exist in the Owu forest
reserve at the southern part of the state.
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FLORA/VEGETATION
The vegetation along the project road are mostly short grasses and timber grade trees are not
observed just adjacent to project road and trees are not required to be cut down for the base
station to be constructed. The farm land species were also counted along the various
project roads sections. The species along these road sections are given in Table 4.
S.No
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Table 4: Species Identified Along Project Road
Name of Road Section
Tree Species
Kola nut tree, pawpaw plantation, bamboo, bitter kola,
IRA-IKEJI (7.40 km)
orange, banana
ODOGBO-ILESA (Road
Banana, Mango, Plantain and Palm and Cocoa
length 6.58 km)
Palm trees, Maize plantation, Cassava plantation, Mango,
IDIROKO
Yam plantation and Banana Plantation and Pineapple
Banana, Mango, Cocoa, Cassava, Plantain, Palm and
Odi-omi
Cocoa. Palm oil production industry is also present.
Melina tree was found scatter all over the town. Cassava
Araromi town (Shasha
plantation, Palm tree, Kola nut tree, Melina tree, Banana and
Reserve forest area)
bitter Kola trees
Cassava Plantation, Palm Tree, Kola Nut Tree, Cashew,
Eleru village
Banana, Bitter Kola
Kola nut trees, Pawpaw plantation, Cashew plantation,
Ajagunlase town
Mango trees, Bitter kola trees, Banana and Orange
plantation
Socio-Economic Environment:
As part of the socio-economic information, along with secondary data primary socio-economic
survey was also carried out in 11 villages selected randomly along the project route where the
villages at least has more than 20-25 houses. A 5% samples was carried out in the following
villages:
Agoro, Ekeredodu, Idi-rorko (2 nos.) , Ira-irakeji, Isoya village, Ogbomosho Oniyo, Olageriiragberi Oni, Olorunbo, Gbebeleku, Olurobo.
Demography
Osun state is spread over an area of 9,251km2 (3,571.8 sq mi) and based on 2006 national
population headcount, the state has a population of about 3,423,535 people.
Agriculture
The major occupation of the people is faming, both of cash and food crops. Arable farming in
the state engages considerable migrant labour. The land tenure system, originally communal
in nature has long given way to individual tenure.
The food crops are diverse, ranging from yam, rice, maize, beans and cassava to vegetables.
Osun State has considerable hectarage of citrus fruits, especially oranges. The citrus farms
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are largely own by private individuals. Cocoa is a main export crop grows in the state. Indeed,
Osun State is second only to Ondo in terms of cocoa production.
Industries in Osun
Osun state is yet not highly industrialized, but few of them are noteworthy to mention. Among
these are:
 International Breweries Ltd, in Ilesha;
 Cocoa Products Ltd in Ede, which together employ over 500, workers.
Health Care Facilities:
Around 38 health care facilities are found in the state and during visit to the villages it has
been observed each of these villages do have access to nearby health center which varies
from a distance of 500m to 2km.
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Outcome of Socio-Economic Survey:
Annual
Expenditure
(Naira)-
Possession of
Durable
Commodities
Employment
during migration
Women in decision
Making
Health
Attitude
towards girl
child
Total
Income(Naira)
Agoro
Abdul akem
Abdul jabaru
104,000
Radio, T.V and
Motorcycle
Trade&
business and
agriculture
Yes but final decision by
male member
Malaria
and
cough
Equal
920,000
Ekeredodu
Jimoh akin
tunde
191,200
Radio, bycycle
and Motorcycle
Agriculture
labour
Yes but final decision by
male member for
financial matter
Malaria
Equal
147,000; debt
taken 5000
Idi-rorko (2
nos.)
Baale joshua
folarin
178,540
Nil
N.A
Malaria
Equal
28,500 (per
month), debth
taken 4000
Ira-irakeji
Chief Aremo
Rufus Ojo
394,840
Radio, music
system, T.V.
Refrigerator
Agriculture
labour
-
Equal
782,000
Isoya
Chief
Ogunniyi
Kehinde
490,000
Radio, T.V and
Motorcycle
Agriculture
labour
-
Equal
23,10,000
Ogbomosho
Oniyo
Ajibade isaac
100,000
Radio, and
Motorcycle
Agriculture
labour
Malaria
Equal
696,000
Olageriiragberi Oni
Simon
oyeniyi
293,040
Radio, T.V and
Motorcycle
Agriculture
labour
Yes but final decision by
male member for
financial matter
Skin
rashes
and
cough
Equal
180,000; debt
12,000
Olorunbo
oyebanji
babatunde
88,800
Radio, and
Motorcycle
NA
Yes but final decision by
male member for
financial matter
-
-
601,400
Villages
Name of
Household
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Yes but final decision by
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Yes but final decision by
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financial matter
Yes but final decision by
male member for
financial matter
Yes but final decision by
male member for
financial matter
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PUBLIC CONSULTATION:
As a part of the project preparation and to ensure that the community support is obtained and the
project supports the felt needs of the people; public consultations were carried out as an integral
component. A continuous involvement of the stakeholders and the affected community was
obtained. The feedback in the consultation sessions will lead to project preparation – including,
influencing designs. Consultations involve soliciting people’s views on proposed actions and
engaging them in a dialogue. It is a two-way information flow, from project authorities to people
and, from people to project authorities.
Consultation During the ESIA Preparation.
A total of 13 such consultation programme has been finalized after discussion with the SPIU,
Osun State including questionnaire for the same. The locations of such consultation are
strategically chosen combing few of the village roads together and are given in Table 5.
Table 5: Village List
Road Section
Odogbo - Iwara
Location of consultation
Dates of Consultation
At Odogbo
22.03.2012
At Ira
22.03.2012
At Ilaa village
14.03.2012
At Osi
22.03.2012
Owode
22.03.2012
Ilesa - Odogbo-Araromi-Igbowiwi
Jabu - Ikeji-Arakeji-Ira
Ira - IKeji Ile - Ajebandele Arinmo
Oligeri - Iragbiji
Isale GH – Muroko-Ila-Isolo-Ijesa-Okebode
Jagun Osin-Osi
Elebu - Osi
Osi - Falala
Alogba - Owode
Owode - Oyere Fadahan
Shasha Native Authority Forest Reserve
Road
Abogimile - Eleru
Agbowu - Idiroko
Akinleye - Idiroko
Eleke - Kanko
Agoro - Ikonifin
Ikonifin - Ajagunlase
Ajagunlase - Bode Osi
Akinleye-Odo-omi-Aba-Ayo-Isero
Patara-Ileko-Oba-Odo-omi-Road 1
Local Market
Shasha Reserve forest Authority
and local people
Eleru
25.03.2012
23.03.2012
Idiroko
23.03.2012
Eleke
23.03.2012
Isero Village
15.03.2012
Ajagunlase
23.03.2012
Odo
23.03.2012
25.03.2012
ARAP
The initial reconnaissance cum scoping survey reveals that the project affected persons will be
very few and care has been taken to avoid most of the structures going to get affected. However,
still some structure may get affected along with impact on few farm lands. The total number of
PAP however will be less than 200. Therefore, a full RAP will not be required; rather the right
instrument to be used is the Abbreviated Resettlement Action Plan (ARAP).
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The entitlement framework in the study area has been carried out after discussion with the SPIU
members and as per the OP: 4.12 (Involuntary Resettlement) policy of World Bank. ARAP also
include a budget for implementation, monitoring and evaluation mechanisms as well grievance
redress mechanism.
ESMP:
The present ESIA is a working document as part of the design finalization and effort taken
towards minimization of adverse environmental impacts. The possible mitigation measures are
also given in the ESIA. An effort has been made to prepare an impact/mitigation matrix, along
with responsibility details as part of Environment and Social Management Plan (ESMP).
As the nature of terrain and anticipated impacts may vary in the three different clusters, three
different ESMPs have been prepared along with ESMP budget. The ESMP also include the
monitoring & evaluation mechanism as well as reporting structures and institutional framework to
implement. The capacity building requirements are also reflected. The ESMP budget for the three
different clusters are given in table 6:
Table 6: ESMP budget in different clusters
Road Clusters
IWO Cluster
ILE-IFE
ILESA
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18.2 million
28.2 million
19.545 million
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Chatper 1
1.1
INTRODUCTION
PROJECT BACKGROUND:
In 2007, it was estimated that less than half of the rural population was living less than 2 km away
from an all-weather road (Rural Accessibility Index of 47 percent). Due to the lack of good and
properly maintained infrastructure, about 30 million Nigerians currently live in near isolation and
lack access to income-generating opportunities and social services. Out of the country’s 160,000
km of secondary and tertiary roads, less than 10-15 percent can be considered in good condition.
Deteriorated infrastructure increases transport costs, which in turn affects access to markets and
services, ultimately resulting in lower productivity. As a result of isolation, insufficient connectivity
and high transport costs, farmers have difficulties sourcing and transporting key inputs (like seeds
or fertilizers) to their farms and evacuating their products to the local and regional markets. A
significant part of perishable products are lost or damaged in transit. In rural Nigeria, it is
estimated that poor transport infrastructure is responsible for 15-20 percent of the agricultural
production not reaching market. Lack of access also affects human capital, as poor households
cannot send their children to local schools nor access social services provided in health or
community centers.
About 70% of Nigeria’s population is rural, and rural transport comprises the transport activities
which take place at local government, community and household levels and Road transport
accounts for about 90% of the internal movement of goods and people in Nigeria. It is the main
mode of transportation and also the only means of access to most rural communities where other
modes of transport are either non-existent or too expensive. It include rural transport services for
passengers and freight by motorized and non-motorized means of transport and rural transport
infrastructure mainly rural roads, tracks, trails, paths and footbridges, and in some cases rural
water and airways.
The current classified road network is estimated at about 195,000 kilometers, Of these, 32,100
kilometers (16.5 percent) are Federal roads, linking the state capitals and other major towns to
one another; 30,900 kilometers (15.8 percent) are State roads, linking towns and major
settlements; and the remaining 132,000 kilometers (67.7 percent) are Local Government
Authority (LGA) roads, linking smaller communities to one another and to LG headquarters. More
than 80% of the network here is either in fair or poor condition.
Certain past studies revealed that most of the travel in rural areas is restricted within 4 km of the
rural homes and is done away from the existing national road networks. Most of this travel is for
purposes of accessing basic daily necessities like a grinding mill, marriage ceremonies, for
funerals and other social activities, herding cattle and carrying firewood, farm input or farm
produce and fetching water.
A lot of the so-called motorable roads and bridges are not passable during the rainy season and
this has also been revealed during the public consultation carried out in the project.
The Nigeria Rural Development Sector Strategy (2001) confirmed that the rural sector is central
to Nigeria's development strategy. The development of the Nigeria Rural Development Strategy
was complemented by a similar effort to develop policies and strategies to remove constraints
imposed by inadequate access and mobility in rural areas.
The Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (FMARD) are currently developing a
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comprehensive Rural Travel and Transport Program (RTTP) to implement the National Rural
Travel and Transport Policy (NRTTP).
The Federal Government of Nigeria (FGN), through FMARD, requested the Bank’s assistance
both to meet the immediate and short term funding needs for the implementation of RTTP.
The RTTP has the following key principles: (i) Follow an integrated transport planning and
development approach, focusing on all classes of roads, including rural access roads,
patch/tracks, and community roads to provide inter-connectivity to a wider area; (ii) Promote the
provision of transport services not only just building roads; (iii) Improve local government capacity
to ensure maintenance of roads; and (iv) Improve governance through better transparency and
participation of beneficiary and community groups. While the RTTP focuses on the right issues
that are currently constraining the improvement of rural accessibility in Nigeria, these are yet to
be streamlined in policy interventions. A clear plan with assigned resources, a realistic time frame
for execution, measurable outcomes and assignment of responsibilities to selected, accountable
institutions is still lacking.
RTTP proposes that those road networks giving access to and within the prioritized geographical
areas should first be improved/rehabilitated and then maintained for at least four years as a
complete network. This approach would provide the necessary longer term support required for
sustainable rural development like agricultural development.
The Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development have received a Project Preparatory
Advance (PPA) from the World Bank and a Project Preparatory Grant from the French
Development Agency (AFD) towards the cost of preparing the Second Rural Access and Mobility
Project (RAMP II).
The RAMP-II will support this initiative through long term performance based contracts including
both rehabilitation/improvement and maintenance activities.
Towards ensuring environmental and social compliant, part of the proceeds have been applied to
prepare an Environmental and Social Management Framework for RAMP ll.
As per the Environment and Social Management Framework (ESMF), the present project is not
anticipated to lead to any large scale disruption of environmental amenities. However, for due
diligence, it has become necessary to check the Environment and Social Assessment for the
project roads under Osun state.
The Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) study has been initiated with an
objective to assess the anticipated environmental and social impacts/benefits during design,
construction and operation phases of the project roads. Based on identified environmental/social
impacts/benefits necessary mitigation measures and management plan are developed.
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1.2
PROJECT ROAD:
The Project roads under the RAMP-2 program in Osun State are divided into three clusters
namely as given in Table 1.1.
Road
Clusters
Table 1.1: RAMP-2 (Osun State) Project Road Details
No. of road
Name of Cluster
Total road length
Type of road
Section
A
IWO Region
9
64.5 Km
Earthen
B
ILE-IFE Region
6
109.2 Km
Earthen
C
ILESA Region
7
48.3 Km
Earthen
The road clusters in Osun state are shown in Figure 1.1 and 1.2.
Project rural road section in ILESA region
Project Road section in ILE-IFE region
Project rural road section in ILESA region
Project Road section in IWO region
Figure 1.1: Photographs of RAMP-2 road clusters in Osun State
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ILESA
REGION
IWO
REGION
Osun
State
ILE-IFE
REGION
Figure 1.2: Location Map Osun State Ramp-2 Project Sites
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1.3
NEED OF THE PROJECT
The existing carriageway width varies from 4.0 to 6.0 m. The existing roads are earthen roads and
deteriorated due to inadequate maintenance and impact of long days of rainfall (varies between 48 months). These roads act as a major economic corridor of the rural villages for accessibility to
local market and the riding quality of the pavement is quite poor in many places of the project.
Therefore, improvements of project roads are important. Further, adequate maintenance of the
upgraded project road are required for better riding quality in future.
The proposed project of RAMP-2 in Osun state is expected to promote agricultural productivity
and ultimately, these productivity gains should promote the economic growth of the non-oil sectors
and increase the average income of poor rural households who mostly depend on agriculture for
subsistence.
The current Country Partnership Strategy (CPS) for 2010-2013 focuses on three themes to
transform and diversify Nigeria’s economy. These themes are: (i) improving governance; (ii)
maintaining non-oil growth; and (iii) promoting human development. The RAMP-2 project will
contribute to maintaining non-oil growth by supporting productivity gains in the agriculture sector,
which accounts for the greatest share of Nigeria’s non-oil economy. The proposed project will also
contribute to improving governance at state level through its performance-based approach.
1.4
ENVIRONMENTAL SCREENING
Project screening in ESIA is the first step in the initial assessment of the possible environmental
impacts of the proposed project. The purpose of the environmental and social screening is to
identify if road rehabilitation project requires an ESIA through the elimination of irrelevant
environmental issues and focusing on potentially significant issues at the planning and design
stages. The scope of screening study include:


1.4.1
Consideration of bio-physical, socio-economic and health issues and the relevant legislative
framework; and,
Consultation with key decision-makers and experts to identify key issues.
Nigeria EIA Classification
In Nigeria, environmental issues were of concern to the Government in the late 1980s. The
Federal Military Government created the Federal Environmental Protection Agency (FEPA) by
Decree No 58 of 1988, and then formalized its functions by Decree No 59 in 1992. The two
documents became known as the FEPA Act.
According to FEPA, developmental projects in Nigeria are divided into three categories namely
Category-I, Category-II and Category-III. The projects falling under such project categories are
shown in Figure 1.3.



Category I projects will require a full Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA).
Category II projects may require only a partial EIA, which will focus on mitigation and
Environmental planning measures, unless the project is located near an environmentally
sensitive area--in which case a full EIA is required.
Category III projects are considered to have “essentially beneficial impacts” on the
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environment, for which the Federal Ministry of the Environment will prepare an Environmental
Impact Statement.
Though in cluster-B, i.e. in ILE-IFE section the project road is passing through Shasha Native
Authority Forest Reserve Road (road length 53.87 km), which is conservation area but the
project road is an existing road and only rehabilitation is proposed. The same has been
supported during consultation with SPIU authorities as well as communities in that area.
Hence considering these, the project road rehabilitation program can be considered as
Category-II project.
Figure 1.3: Project Categorization
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1.4.2
Project Categorization as Per World Bank
The up gradation/rehabilitation and maintenance of rural/feeder roads may have certain triggers
the following operational policies of World Bank:


Environmental Assessment (OP: 4.01 and BP: 4.01);
Involuntary Resettlement (OP/BP 4.12)
World Bank classifies supported projects into three categories namely:
Category-A:
For projects likely to have significant environmental impacts that are serious (i.e.
irreversible and affect vulnerable ethnic minorities involve involuntary resettlement
or affect cultural heritage sites), diverse or unprecedented or that affect an area
broader than the sites of facilities subject to physical works. A full ESIA is
required.
Category-B:
For projects likely to have adverse environmental impacts that are less significant
than those of Category A projects, meaning that few if any of the impacts are likely
to be irreversible, that they are site-specific and that mitigation measures can be
designed more readily than for Category A projects. A limited ESIA will be
required.
Category-C:
For projects that are likely to have minimal or no adverse environmental impacts.
No ESIA is required.
During the initial field survey, initial discussion with local people and authorities for
the project cluster roads following may be concluded:
Areas of Checking
Area of significant social
impact
Cultural heritage site
Biodiversity and protection
areas
Water Body/Supply area
Observation
No. Very few structures and some farm land may get affected
and as per the public consultation, local people have
welcomed the project and volunteer for any kind of
resettlement and rehabilitation (if required).
No
Bushes and farms all along. Places of monoculture are also
observed for Palm and Cocoa plantation. Protection areas in
Shasha native forest.
There are few streams crossing the project sites
The project is only a rehabilitation of existing earthen roads towards betterment of local people
and are not involved with potential adverse environmental impacts as found during the filed study,
which can be considered as irreversible. Most of the tree species along the project road are of
bush types and very few timber grade trees observed adjacent to project road. Further, in Shasha
forest section in Cluster-B, there would not any new road alignment/bypass has been proposed
and only rehabilitation of existing road has been proposed.
However, few trees may get affected due to identification of borrow pits and considering these the
project does not have any such significant impact which can be considered as irreversible and the
potential impacts can be mitigated through readily available mitigation measures and a monitoring
mechanism.
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Overall the project can be considered as Category-B as per OP: 4.01(Environment Assessment).
1.5
NEED OF THE ESIA STUDY
As per the EIA categorization in Nigeria and World Bank’s safeguard policies, a limited ESIA study
will be required in this project.
1.6
PROJECT INFLUENCE AREA
The project is located in Osun State, Nigeria. The state is bounded in the south by Osun state; in
the North by Kwara state; in the west by Oyo state; and in the East by Ondo and Ekiti states. The
existing width of project road varies between 4-6m and 1.0m of earthen shoulder on either side of
the project roads. The RoW is proposed to be 15m all throughout and corridor of impact is 20m.
The project / Study area is 500 m on either side of the project corridor i.e., a total of 1 Km.
1.7
PROJECT PROPONENT
The Federal Government of Nigeria represented by the Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural
Development is the proponent for this project.
1.8
OBJECTIVES OF THE ESIA STUDY
The objective of ESIA report is to identify the potential environmental and social impacts of the
proposed project, measures and formulate strategies to avoid / mitigate the negative impacts and
enhance the positive impacts. The scope of work to accomplish the above objective, comprise the
following:






1.9
Understanding the baseline environmental conditions in the study area;
Identification of the potential environmental impact due to proposed project activity;
Recommending appropriate mitigation measures to avoid/minimize the negative
environmental and social impacts;
Assessment of possible positive environmental and social benefits from the project;
Preparation of a management plant and administrative framework to minimize the negative
impacts; and,
Preparation of a monitoring and evaluation (M&E) program to monitor the negative and
positive impact on the baseline environment conditions as well as on the overall socioeconomic structures of the project study area during construction and operational phase of the
project.
SCOPE OF THE ESIA STUDY
As part of the initial site visit to the project site and visit to the alignment stretches in these three
project clusters, the scope of ESIA study broadly include:
•
•
The study area for the EIA shall include the Project Corridor, as well as, the spatial and
temporal limits of individual environmental components outside the corridor where an effect
can be reasonably expected;
The ESIA report to be prepared to assist the public and government in understanding the
environmental and socioeconomic consequence of the roads rehabilitation work in Osun state;
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•
•
•
•
1.10
the EIA shall include data gathering on the existing baseline (climate, air quality, surface
water, soil, flora and fauna, geology) of the project area and a discussion on the measures to
address
 project impacts,
 prevent or mitigate impacts
 mitigation options, and
 residual effects relevant to the assessment of the Project
As appropriate for the various types of impacts, the EIA shall discuss impact predictions in
terms of magnitude, frequency, duration, seasonal timing, reversibility, and geographic extent.
The preparation of the ESIA report will include a public consultation program (agencies,
departments, communities, NGOs and other stakeholders) to assist with project scoping and
issue identification. The results of these consultations will be documented as part of the EIA
report.
The EIA report will include a glossary of terms and a list of abbreviations to assist the reader in
understanding the material presented.
STUDY APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY
The ESIA study has been undertaken in accordance with World Bank and Nigerian standards. The
distinct phases of the study include:
Activity-1
Activity-2
Activity-3
Activity-4
Activity-5
Activity-6
Activity-7
Activity-8
Activity-1
Literature review
Project understanding and Institutional Consultation
Reconnaissance Surveys and alternative assessment
Public Consultation
Characterization of the baseline conditions and Data review
Identification and characterization of potential impacts,
Identification of impact mitigation measures and enhancement of benefits
Preparation of ESMPs and Monitoring mechanism for its implementation
Literature review
Review of Project Appraisal Document (PAD), federal, and state environmental
laws regulations, decrees, acts, policies and guidelines, World Bank safeguard
policies and other relevant documents and ESMF prepared for Kaduna State
under RAMP-1 and ESMF prepared for RAMP-II including state of Osun.
Activity-2
Project understanding and Institutional Consultation
The Consultants study team visited Osun state between 13.03.2012 to
15.03.2012. The team met with the SPIU officials including the Environmental
specialist for RAMP-2. The study team also visited the State Ministry of
Environment to discuss the EIA procedures in Nigeria and to know the related
policy and legal framework being followed for ESIA study in Nigeria. The team
discussed the following:




in JV with
ESIA processes in Nigeria;
Whether the Rural road development requires a detailed EIA study in
Nigeria;
Is there any kind of protected area (like National Park/Wild Life
sanctuary) in the project road areas;
Project implementation framework
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Figure 1.3: Discussion with Osun State SPIU Members
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Activity-3
Reconnaissance Surveys and alternative assessment
Reconnaissance survey was undertaken by the study team in selected stretches
of project cluster roads covering all the three clusters and care was taken to see
the critical road sections and maximum road sections including steep terrain road
in ILESA region. The site visit photographs area given in Figure 1.4. The
observation is given below:






in JV with
Project roads are earthen roads with varying width from 4m-6m;
Roads are degraded in places with pot holes;
Natural vegetation and farm lands along the project roads;
The first two meters on either side of the project road mostly comprises of
bushes and few timber grade trees are observed at the inner side of the
project road (approximately 7-10m inside);
The project roads can be developed within the existing carriageway with some
geometrical improvement and realignments;
With the project the economy of the region will certainly get benefitted. An
alternative assessment with and without project has been worked out.
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Discussion during site visit
Project Road
Bridge construction along river separating the
village road
Resort coming along one of the feeder road
connecting to one of the project raod
Palm Oil Industries
Village along project road.
Road condition survey
Cross Drainage structure required in one of
project road in ILESA region
Figure 1.4: Joint Site Visit of SPIU and Consultant’s Study Team
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Activity-4
Public Consultation
Public consultation questionnaires were designed and shared with SPIU officials.
During the site visit of consultants study team two public consultation were
undertaken in Ila Village (under ILESA region) and at Isero village (under IWO
region) to get a brief feedback of villagers and improvement requirement of the
project road. This helped in project screening. Further, a total of 13 consultations
were carried out including discussion in Shasha native forest area.
Activity-5
Characterization of the baseline conditions and Data review
M/s Searchgate Laboratories Limited; Lagos, an accredited laboratory by Federal
Ministry of Environment, Housing and Urban Development has been entrusted to
carry out the Environmental Monitoring and laboratory analysis. The lab was also
entrusted with counting of tree species enroute the project road and counting of
timber grade trees falling within 5m on either side of the project road. The
monitoring team has been deployed from 20th March 2012.
The baseline data reviewed included:






Activity-6
topography;
geological structure, classification, composition and distribution;
surface and groundwater hydrology;
background contamination of the surficial soil, air, noise surface water and/or
groundwater;
the risk of natural hazards (e.g. flooding) and subsidence;
climate and meteorology data; and biological data.
Identification and characterization of potential impacts
Based upon the characterization of baseline data, the potential and significant
impact from the road rehabilitation project was assessed. The project roads are
existing roads and only rehabilitation work is proposed for its improvement. The
project would not have any major significant impact. However, some impacts like
borrowing earth, water during construction, impact on certain tree species/farm
lands, few structures fugitive air pollution, health and safety issues including traffic
management are envisaged.
Activity-7
Identification of impact mitigation measures and enhancement of benefits
The project itself is benefit generating project to the local community and to Osun
state. The project will not have any significant environmental impact and the
mitigation measures for the potential impacts can be readily be made and are
prepared and given in ESMP.
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1.11
REPORT STRUCTURE
The present ESIA report is has been arranged in following chapters.
Chapter- 1
Introduction
This chapter describes briefly the project need, project categorization and
screening and need of ESIA study. The chapter also describes the
methodologies taken in the study
Chapter- 2
Policy, Legal and Regulatory Framework
In the chapter the relevant policies and legal framework pertaining to
Environmental protection are discussed
Chapter- 3
Analysis of Alternatives
In this section will describe alternatives that were examined in the course
of developing the proposed project and identify other alternatives which
would achieve the same objectives, including the “without project option”.
Chapter-4
Project Description
A brief description of the project road is given in this section including
description of traffic survey, road condition, proposed alignment and
typical cross sections
Description of the Project Environment and Social context
This chapter describes baseline environmental status on air, water, soil,
noise and socio-economic information
Chapter-5
Chapter-6
Potential Impacts of the Project
This chapter distinguishes between significant positive and negative
impacts, direct and indirect impacts and immediate and long term impacts
Environment and Social Management Plan
ESMP describes the details on management initiative and on the measures to be implemented
during both the construction and operation phases of the project. Three separate ESPs has been
prepared for the three different project road clusters considering the environmental mitigation
measures and environmental improvement required in these clusters. Each of the clusters is
provided with separate ESMP budgets as well.
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POLICY, REGULATORY AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK
Amongst the existing pieces of legislations there are a number of national and international
environmental guidelines applicable to the RAMP II project. These are highlighted in this Section.
2.1
POLICY FRAMEWORK
2.1.1
Economic Policy Framework
The Federal Government of Nigeria’s recently adopted National Economic Empowerment &
Development Strategy (NEEDS) clearly defines its medium-term economic reform agenda and
provides an overall policy objective for the country. The policy rests on promoting growth through a
market-based economy with greater private sector participation in the economy and Government’s
role limited to the provision of adequate infrastructure and necessary services.
The implementation of the NEEDS is crucial to the attainment of the country’s Millennium
Development Goals (MDG).
2.1.2
National Policy on the Environment
The stated goal of the National Policy on the Environment is to achieve sustainable development in
Nigeria, and in particular to:





2.2
Secure a quality of environment adequate for good health and wellbeing;
Conserve and use the environment and natural resources for the benefit of present and future
generations;
Restore, maintain and enhance the ecosystems and ecological processes essential for the
functioning of the biosphere to preserve biological diversity and the principle of optimum
sustainable yield in the use of living natural resources and ecosystems;
Raise public awareness and promote understanding of the essential linkages between the
environment, resources and development, and encourage individual and community participation
in environmental improvement efforts; and
Co-operate in good faith with other countries, international organizations and agencies to achieve
optimal use of trans-boundary natural resources and effective prevention or abatement of transboundary environmental degradation.
LEGAL FRAMEWORK
In Nigeria, environmental issues were of concern to the Government in the late 1980s. The Federal
Military Government created the Federal Environmental Protection Agency (FEPA) by Decree No 58
of 1988, and then formalized its functions by Decree No 59 in 1992. The two documents became
known as the FEPA Act. The Agency was created as an integral part of the Presidency with
responsibility for the “protection and development of the environment and biodiversity conservation
and sustainable development of Nigeria’s natural resources”. It became the Agency’s duty to establish
such environmental criteria, guidelines, specifications and standards for the protection of the nation’s
air and inter-state waters as may be necessary to protect the health and welfare of the population
from environmental degradation.
The FEPA Act encouraged States and Local Government Councils to set up their own Environmental
Protection Bodies for the purposes of maintaining good environmental quality in their respective
areas.
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In 1991, FEPA released its Regulations with respect to pollution abatement in industries and facilities
generating wastes and effluent limitation. The text of the Regulations rules that “no industry or facility
shall release hazardous or toxic substances into the air, water or land of Nigeria’s ecosystems beyond
limits approved by the Agency”. Equally, every industry is required to install anti-pollution equipment
for detoxification of effluent and chemical discharges emanating from the industry. Moreover, an
industry or facility shall:



Have a pollution monitoring units within its premises;
Have on-site pollution control; and,
Assign responsibility for pollution control to a person or body accredited by the Agency.
Schedule 1 of the Regulations establishes a list of industries required to control their effluent
emissions and waste water parameters applicable to this industry. Schedule 2 and 3 impose effluent
and gaseous emissions limits.
In 1999, the Government abolished FEPA and created a Federal Ministry of Environment (FMEnv). At
the same time it also incorporated nine departments from other Ministries. The mandate of the new
Ministry is to co-ordinate environmental protection and natural resources conservation for sustainable
development and specifically to:





Secure a quality of environment adequate for good health and wellbeing;
Promote the sustainable use of natural resources;
Restore and maintain the ecosystem and ecological processes and preserve biodiversity;
Raise public awareness and promote understanding of linkages of environment; and
Co-operate with government bodies and other countries and international organizations on
environmental matters.
The organizational structure of FMEnv is shown in figure 2.1 in next page.
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Figure 2.1: FMEnv Organizational Structure
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2.2.1
Environmental Regulations
Environmental Impact Assessment Act (1992) ACT 86, CAP E12, LFN 2004
The specific mandate for environmental assessment in Nigeria is the Environmental Impact
Assessment Decree No. 86 of 1992. This Decree gives specific powers to the Federal Environmental
Protection Agency (FEPA) now Federal Ministry of Environmental (FME) to facilitate environmental
impact assessments (EIAs) on all new projects in Nigeria and to make an EIA mandatory for new
major public or private sector projects, i.e. any proposed physical work or activity that is likely to
significantly affect the environment.




Section 2 (1) requires an assessment of public or private projects likely to have a significant
(negative) impact on the environment.
Section 2 (4) requires an application in writing to the Agency before embarking on projects for
their environmental assessment to determine approval.
Section 13 establishes cases where an EIA is required and
Section 60 creates a legal liability for contravention of any provision
The EIA Act establishes an EIA process or procedure as illustrated in Figure 2.2:
Forestry Law CAP 55, 1994
 Prohibits any act that may lead to the destruction of or cause injury to any forest produce, forest
growth or forestry property in Nigeria.
 Prescribes the administrative framework for the management, utilization and protection of
forestry resources in Nigeria.
Regulations Gazetted as supplementary to NESREA Act
 National Environmental (Soil Erosion and Flood Control) Regulations, S. I. No. 12 of 2011
 National Environmental (Surface and Groundwater Quality Control) Regulations, S. I. No. 22 of
2011
 National Environmental (Protection of Wetlands, River Banks and Lake Shores) Regulations, S.
I. No. 26 of 2009:
 National Environmental (Watershed, Mountainous, Hilly and Catchments Areas protection)
Regulations, S. I. No. 27 of 2009
 National Environmental (Sanitation and Wastes Control) Regulations, S. I. No. 28 of 2009
 National Environmental (Noise Standards and Control) Regulations, S. I. No. 35 of 2009
 National Environmental (Control of Bush/Forest Fire and Open Burning) Regulations, S. I. No.
15 of 2011
 National Environmental (Protection of Endangered Species in International Trade) Regulations,
S. I. No. 16 of 2011
 National Environmental (Construction Sector) Regulations, S. I. No. 19 of 2011
2.2.2
State Legislations and State Ministry of Environment
In order to protect public health and safety, and to restore and enhance environmental quality, and
sustain economic vitality through effective and efficient implementation of environmental programs,
Osun State has its own State Ministry of Environment. For any development project in the state the
rules and regulations of state ministry of environment are being followed.
Whenever, any ESIA and ESMP project is being taken up in a state of Nigeria, they follow the
prevailing guidelines of the state apart from the umbrella guidelines of the Federal ministry. Similarly
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for the present project, primarily the project will follow the legal, administrative and regulatory
guidelines of State Ministry of Environment, Osun State. This also includes the disclosure requirement
of ESIA and ESMP report both at the state and federal ministry level.
Inter alia, the State Ministry of Environment to give direction to all issues concerning the environment,
monitor and control pollution and the disposal of solid, gaseous and liquid wastes generated by
various facilities in the states.
Some of their functions of the State Ministry of Environment include:
(i)
Liaising with the Federal Ministry of Environment, FMENV to achieve a healthy or better
management of the environment via development of National Policy on Environment
(ii)
Co-operating with FMENV and other National Directorates/Agencies in the performance of
environmental functions including environmental education/awareness to the citizenry
(iii)
Responsibility for monitoring waste management standards,
(iv)
Responsibility for general environmental matters in the State, and
(v)
Monitoring the implementation of EIA studies and other environmental studies for all
development projects in the State.
The EIA process being followed by the State Ministry of Environment is given in figure 2.2.
Figure 2.2: The flow chart of the EIA process in Nigeria
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2.2.3
Nigerian Environmental Management Act
This act was drafted following the transformation of the Federal Environmental Protection Agency in to
the Federal Ministry of Environment but was never ratified. It repeals the 1988 Federal Environmental
Protection Agency Decree 58 (amended 59 and 14) and establishes the FEPA as part of the Ministry
with the Minister of Environment having primary responsibility for its implementation. It does not
repeal any other environmentally related legislation. As well as the general environmental provisions,
which include environmental sanitation and occupational health, it specifies the powers of authorized
officers and penalties and fines.
Other Relevant Regulations
2.2.4
Land Use Act
The legal basis for land acquisition and resettlement in Nigeria is the Land Use Act of 1978 and
modified in 1990. The following are selected relevant sections:
Section 1. Subject to the provision of this Act, all land comprised in the territory of each state in the
Federation are hereby vested in the Governor of each state and such land shall be held in trust and
administered for the use and common benefit of all Nigerians in accordance with the provisions of this
Act.
Section 2. (a) All land in urban areas shall be under the control and management of the Governor of
each State; and (d) all other land shall be under the control and management of the local government
within the area of jurisdiction in which the land is situated.
Therefore, according to the Land Use Act, all land in Nigeria is vested in the Governor of each State,
and shall be held in trust for the use and common benefit of all people. The administration of land
area is divided into urban land which will be directly under the control and management of the
Governor of each State; and non-urban land, which will be under the control and management of the
Local Government. The Governor of each State will have the right to grant statutory rights of
occupancy to any person or any purpose; and the Local Government will have the right to grant
customary rights of occupancy to any person or organization for agricultural, residential and other
purposes.
The Acts gives the government the right to acquire land by revoking both statutory and customary
rights of occupancy for the overriding public interest. In doing so, the Act specifies that the State or
Local Government should pay compensation to the current holder or occupier with equal value.
2.2.5
Applicable International Legal And Administrative Instruments
Some of the relevant international instruments to which Nigeria is a signatory include:

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African Convention on the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (1969);
The Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping of Waste, MARPOL, 1972;
The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, CITES,
1973;
Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage Sites (World
Heritage Convention) 1975;
Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (1979);
The Convention on Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals, Bonn, 1979;
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The Basel Convention on the Control of Trans boundary Movement of Hazardous Waste and
Disposal, 1989;
The Convention on Biological Diversity, 1992;
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (1992);
The Framework Convention on Climate Change, Kyoto Protocol, 1995;and,
Agenda 21 – United Nations Conference on Environment and Development
Nigeria also has obligations to protect the environment through various commitments to the African
Union (AU), the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) and the Commonwealth. It
is also committed through relations with the European Community under the Lome IV Convention.
2.2.6
World Bank’s Environmental And Social Guidelines
The World Bank's environmental and social safeguard policies are a cornerstone of its support to
sustainable poverty reduction. The objective of these policies is to prevent and mitigate undue harm
to people and their environment in the development process. These policies provide guidelines for
bank and borrower staff in the identification, preparation, and implementation of programs and
projects.
The effectiveness and development impact of projects and programs supported by the Bank has
substantially increased as a result of attention to these policies.
The World Bank has operational safeguard policies, which apply to various development projects
which the bank is either implementing or funding. The objective of these policies is to prevent or at
least minimize social environmental risks while increasing socio-economic benefits of approved
projects. The effectiveness and positive impact on development of projects and programs supported
by the Bank has substantially increased as a result of these policies. The Bank’s safeguards policies
include:

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
OP 4.01 Environmental Assessment
OP 4.04 Natural Habitats
OP 4.09 Pest Management
OP 4.11 Physical Cultural Resources
OP 4.12 Involuntary Resettlement
OD 4.20 Indigenous Peoples
OP 4.36 Forests
OP 4.37 Safety of Dams
OP 7.50 Projects in International Waterways
OP 7.60 Projects in Disputed Areas
The World Bank shares responsibility with the federal and state governments for ensuring that
safeguards aren’t violated. The following policies of World Bank is applicable for the project:
1. Environmental Assessment (OP4.01, BP 4.01, GP 4.01)
2. Involuntary Resettlement (OP/BP 4.12)
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Table 2.1: Applicable World Bank Operational Policies
Operational Policy
Brief Description
World Bank financed projects must be environmentally sound and sustainable.
Environmental
The type and detail of the EA is dependent on the nature, scale and potential
assessment (EA)
environmental risks. The safeguard instrument used here is the Environmental
and Social Management Framework (ESMF).
People who have to be removed or who lose their livelihood as a result of the
project must be resettled, compensated for all of their losses and they must be
Involuntary
provided with a situation that is at least as good as the one from which they
resettlement
came. The safeguard instrument applicable under the FRDP is the
Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF).
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Chatper 3
ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVE
3.1
GENERAL
3.2
WITH AND WITHOUT PROJECT ALTERNATIVES
Analysis of alternatives involves a thorough study of the possible future conditions in the project study
of the possible future conditions in the project area in response to a set of alignment alternatives
without the project or status quo condition.
3.3
WITH AND WITHOUT PROJECT ALTERNATIVES
Development of transport infrastructural facilities in the project area will result in increased revenue
generation from the agricultural industry, which will lead to enhanced economic growth through non-oil
sector. The project area do have a long duration of rainfall ranging from 4-6 months. During the rainy
season the project roads become really inaccessible and thus without the project this will continue
further which will reduce the economic growth.
With the improvement and up gradation of the road, provision of traffic calming and road safety
measures, and all weather accessibility will increase. Keeping in view the site conditions and the
scope of development of the area, the ‘with’ and ‘without’ project scenarios have been compared as
shown in Table 3.1. By looking at the table it can be concluded that “with” project scenario with
positive/beneficial impacts will vastly improve the environment and enhance social and economic
development of the region compared to the “without” project scenario, which will further deteriorate
the present environmental setup and quality of life. Hence the “with” project scenario with minor
reversible impacts is an acceptable option than the “without” project scenario. The implementation of
the project therefore will be definitely advantageous to achieve the all – round development of the
economy and progress of the region.
Impacts on vegetation are expected during construction. Little increase in the pollution levels of the air
is possible during the construction stage and from the induced traffic during the project operation
stage. Dust and particulate matter during construction will affect the air quality on a short-term basis.
The minor impacts due to air; noise, vegetative cover and soil erosion will be remunerated by
adopting appropriate mitigative measures such as roadside plantation, arboriculture & landscaping,
compensatory afforestation, and providing underpasses and noise barriers.
Component
Siting
in JV with
Table 3.1: With and Without Project Scenario
With Project Scenario
Without Project Scenario
The existing alignment is deteriorated at
many sections due to lack of
The present project is a rehabilitation maintenance and long rainy days. The
of
the
existing
roads.
Such project carriageway varied between 4m
rehabilitation work has a minimum in average and without the project the
scope to make siting as the roads are improvement work in these roads will
already existing. However, with the hamper. These roads are the backbone
rehabilitation of the project road the of village economy in the region and
accessibility to the nearby areas will there is as such no other alternative to
increase.
achieve the same objective. Hence if
the road is not developed local
economy will suffer.
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Component
With Project Scenario
Without Project Scenario
Traffic
The
improvement
of
existing
alignment, drainage structures and
construction of bridges will ease the
movement of traffic and will have
induced traffic for the transportation of
farm products and will also reduce the
vehicle operating cost and travel time.
The present traffic movement in the
existing roads are very few and mostly
2-whellers and few pick up vehicles (as
revealed from public consultation).
Without the project the traffic movement
will not be easier.
Road Design
Based upon traffic assessment the
proposed carriageway has been
proposed as 6m with 1.0m of paved
shoulder on either side of project
road. The design also include proper
road side drain which will help in
draining the rainwater. A standard
gradient will be followed in the project
road which will help in travelling along
the project road.
In few section the project road do have
un even gradients and steep slopes
(example ILESA region) if nothing is
done then the roads are non-motorable
and will be destroyed due to erosion.
Without proper road design and just by
overlaying the existing road it will also
not solve the purpose due to un even
slopes in many sections and it is quite
like to have accidents and high wear
and tear loss for vehicles.
Environmental
Quality
Economic
Development
and
Employment
Opportunity
Development
potentials
in JV with
With the up gradation proposal in the
existing road section there are
chances of induced traffic which may
generate
some
environmental
pollution. However, in most of the
section the project corridor and are
surrounded by thick green vegetation
and hence such pollution are
minimized. However, short term
increase in dust and noise levels
during construction activities will be
there.
There will be increased access to
nearby markets with the road
rehabilitation work. People can sell
out their farm products easily and loss
of farm products will be reduced.
Further local skilled labour may be
employed
during
the
project
construction stage. Better transport
facilities will lead to access to new
employment centers.
Higher potential for development in
this region due to improvement in
access and consequent increase in
connectivity
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Without the project, the roads will be
further deteriorated with the flash flood
and soil erosion. Since there is major
traffic movement at moment hence no
such pollution is there. However, the
soil is loose and generates high
particulate
matter
after
traffic
movement.
Without the project the economic
growth in the region will hamper and will
become static.
Development activities will be greatly
hampered by the inadequacy of
connectivity.
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Chatper 4
4.1
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
INTRODUCTION
The second phase of the project (RAMP II) includes three (3) components which are given below:
Components 1:
Rehabilitation of Rural and State Roads
This component would finance rehabilitation works for an indicative 500km of rural roads and state
roads in each of the initial four states (including Osun State) as well as the related design studies and
external supervision activities. The prioritization of roads is based on the following principles:
 Road Classification: The project considers mostly local government and state roads link. Federal
roads are excluded.
 State of Roads: Links that is inaccessible due to impassable terrain (collapse or damage culverts,
marshy areas) and difficult topographical terrain. The project focuses on recreation of basic
access and on roads in poor state.
 Traffic: The project focuses on roads with current average daily vehicle traffic (AADT) of less than
50 vehicles per day (vpd).
 Connectivity: The project prioritized feeder roads that link to paved state and federal roads. To
major market places, to areas of medium to high agricultural and mining production potentials.
 Environmentally sensitive areas: The project in as much as possible avoids creating
 Access to protected areas (national parks; protected forests) to minimize the risk of excessive
logging, illegal hunting, forest clearing (cut and slash burning) for agriculture and to protect Plant
and animal.
The road works will include earthworks, laterite materials, construction of new pipe and box culverts
as well as repairs and extension of existing culverts.
 Horizontal Alignments: The improved link will follow existing road alignment. Minor deviations
(short cuts) will be permitted for track reopened to vehicle traffic.
 Vertical Alignments: They will follow essentially the existing topography. Only in sections of
excessive gradients minor cuts and fills will be considered. In sections liable to flooding and
marshy areas the road embankment will be raised to a minimum height of + 0.5 m above
maximum water level. Crossing of zones consisting of sub-soils of insufficient strengths (e.g. CBR
< 10: clayey soils). If these zones are limited in length, building up of road embankments on
geotextiles shall be preferred to soil replacement. If such crossings are excessive in length,
alternative and more cost efficient horizontal alignments shall be sought (ridge road).
Components 2:
Roads Maintenance and Local Development
This components would finance road maintenance activities on rehabilitated roads and support state
mechanisms for maintenance funding. The models to be use in the maintenance mechanism involve
community-based approach to among others.
Components 3:
Capacity Building and Project Administration
This components would finance Institutional Strengthening activities at state level as well as project
administration costs. The components would be split in two subcomponents:


Subcomponents 3.1 (capacity building and project administration in the initial four states
(including Osun State) will be implemented by the State Project Implementation Units (SPIU).
Subcomponents 3.2 (institutional strengthening for other participating states and Federal Project
Management Unit (FPMU) project management costs) would be implemented by the FPMU. This
component could also address capacity building at federal level to improve the sector strategy.
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4.2
PROJECT ROAD
The road section in IWO, Ile-Ife and ILESA region of Osun state has been selected on priority to be
developed for proposed improvement under RAMP-II for proposed rehabilitation work. The existing
carriageway width on average is 4.0m. The capacity of road is uneven and having a deteriorated
pavement condition. The project road sections are shown in Figure 4.1 to 4.3 respectively.
The details of project road and their length details are shown in table 4.1, 4.2 and 4.3.
Table 4.1: List of Project Roads in Osun State under RAMP-II-CLUSTER A
S.No
Name of Road
Length (Km)
F9 Abogimole - Eleru
1
3.98
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
F15 Agbowu - Idiroko
F16 Eleke - Kanko
F18 Akinleye – Idiroko
F19 Agoro - Ikonifin
F20 Ikonifin – Ajagunlaase
F21 Ajagunlaase – Bode Osi
F22A Akinleye – Aba-Ayo – Isero (FS Road)
F22B Pataara – Ileko – Oba – Odo Omi Road 1
Total Road length (Cluster-A)
3.22
3.91
3.9
11.03
13.65
8.36
13.0
3.45
64.5
Table 4.2: List of Project Roads in Osun State under RAMP-II-CLUSTER B
S.No
Name of Road
Length (Km)
1
C1 Jagun Osin (Osi Junction) - Osi sooko
10.5
2
3
C2 Osi-Sooko – Elebu (Ara-Osi)
C3 Ara-Osi – Falala (Yimin-Oja)
C4 Alogba (Gbegbeleku Junction) – Owode
(Amu)
C5 Owode (Amu) – Oyere Fadehan
C7 Shasha Forest Reserve Road (Lawoka
Junction – Apoje Junction)
Total Road Length (Cluster-B)
9.5
9.3
4
5
6
10.9
15.1
53.87
109.2
Table 4.3: List of Project Roads in Osun State under RAMP-II-CLUSTER C
S.No
Name of Road
Length (Km)
1
A5 Odoigbo – Iwara
11.73
2
A6 Jabu - Ikeji - Ira
10.1
3
A7 Ira - Ajebandele - Arinmo
3.85
4
A8 Oligeri - Iragbiji - Oniyo
3.2
5
A9 Oniyo – Ogbomoso
11.65
6
A9 Ilesa – Araromi Igbowiwi
6.58
7
A9 Isale – General Hospital – Muroko – Okebode
1.16
48.27
Total Road Length (Cluster C)
222 km
Total road length (A+B+C)
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Figure 4.1: Road Clusters in IWO Region
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Figure 4.2: Road Clusters in ILE-IFE Region
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Figure 4.3: Road Clusters in ILESA Region
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4.3
EXISTING ROAD FEATURES






4.3.1
Terrain: The road runs predominantly through plain and rolling terrain. There are some horizontal
and vertical curves along the project stretch. Steep gradient is also observed in some roads in the
ILESA region.
Settlements: The settlement areas are mostly rural. Some of the main rural settlement along the
project road are: Idiroko, Eleku, Odogbo, Eluru Town, Osi Town, Ajagunlase, Ira village, Owode,
etc.
Carriageway and RoW: The existing carriageway width varies from 4 to 6m. There is no such
defined RoW.
Pavement: The riding quality of Pavement is fair to poor.
Drainage: The general condition of the drainage system is very poor. Sufficient camber was not
there to drain off the water from carriageway surface and the systems become worsen during the
rainy season.
Land use along the project road are mostly farm lands and mixed vegetation.
Traffic Trends


CVC, OD, surveys were carried out as part of traffic survey
Mixed traffic flow is observed along the highway. The average daily traffic along the project
roads ranges between 9-537 vehicles. The maximum part of it is motorcycles.
4.4
PROPOSED ROAD FEATURES
4.4.1
Alignment Proposal
Typical Cross Sections for widening of the project has been developed and given in Figure 3.4. It will
be a two lane alignments, width of each lane is considered as 3.0m.
4.4.2
Shoulder
The proposed shoulder width is 1.0m with a 5% camber.
4.4.3
Side Slopes
Slope of 2 H: 1 V has been adopted for earthen embankment in general filling areas and for cut
section a slope of 1V: 1H has been adopted. Slope beyond Embankment Height of 3.0 is designed for
a side slope of 1.5 H: 1 V.
4.4.4
Design Speed
The proposed design speed is 50-60 kmph. However, to save the building adjacent to road side the
design speed has been kept at lower side at selected locations.
4.4.5
Geometric Design Aspects


All geometric design aspects have been carried out as per the Federal Highway Design
Manual,1, 2008.
The existing profile has been maintained all as far as possible.
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4.4.6
Junction
Improvements have been proposed at major road junctions. 15 junctions are proposed in IFE cluster,
7 junctions in ILESA cluster and 21 junctions in IWO region.
4.4.7
Culverts and Bridges
There are a total of 143 culverts on the project roads. The details are appended belowTable 4.4: List of Culverts
Number of Culverts
Type of Culverts
Pipe



Cluster 1(IWO) - 13
Cluster – 2(IFE) – 28
Cluster 3(ILESA) – 18
Box



Cluster 1(IWO) - 37
Cluster 2(IFE) -41
Cluster 3(ILESA) -6
143
Total Culverts




Proposal
Need Replacements- 123;
Need Extension-17 nos.
Under Construction-2 nos.
Good-1 nos.
The details list of culverts are given in Annexure-4.1.
Figure 4.4: Typical Cross Section
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4.5
PROJECT SCHEDULE
The total duration for the construction of project roads has been considered as 2 years.
The phase wise distribution of the project schedule is given in table 4.5.
Project Phases
Pre-Construction
Construction
Operation
4.6
Table 4.5: Project Schedule
Activities
Clearing and Grubbing of Road land
Dismantling of Structures within ROW
Cutting of trees
Utility Shifting if required
Preparation of Base Camp and Stacking of Material
Earthwork Excavation,
Embankment Preparation,
Preparation of Sub Base,
Preparation of Base,
Preparation of Asphaltic surface course(Applicable for 3
Cluster 3 roads where to prevent erosion),
Construction of Pipe and Box Culverts,
Construction of Lined and Unlined Drain,
Installation of Traffic Signs for Safety of Pedestrian and
Vehicular Traffic
Routine Maintenance
Periodic Maintenance
Emergency Maintenance, if required
Duration(months)
4
20
Every Year
Every 5 year
If required
SKILLED AND UNSKILLED LABOUR:
The phase wise distribution of skilled and unskilled labours is given in table 4.6, 4.7 and 4.8.
Table 4.6: Distribution of Skilled and Unskilled labors Cluster-A (IW Region)
Project Phases
Labours
Skilled Labor: 10
Pre-Construction
Unskilled Labor: 80
Skilled Labor: 30
Construction
Unskilled Labor: 150
Skilled Labor: 5
Operation
Unskilled Labor: 40
Table 4.7: Distribution of Skilled and Unskilled labors Cluster-B (ILE-IFE Region)
Project Phases
Labours
Skilled Labor: 10
Pre-Construction
Unskilled Labor: 90
Skilled Labor: 30
Construction
Unskilled Labor: 150
Skilled Labor: 5
Operation
Unskilled Labor: 40
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Table 4.8: Distribution of Skilled and Unskilled labors Cluster-B (ILESA Region)
Project Phases
Labours
Skilled Labor: 10
Pre-Construction
Unskilled Labor: 80
Skilled Labor: 30
Construction
Unskilled Labor: 150
Skilled labor: 5
Operation
Unskilled labor: 40
4.7
EQUIPMENTS BEING USED:
The details of the types of equipments to be used for the project is given below:
An approximate list of instrument to be used
1. Excavator
2. Concrete Mixer
3. Dozzer
4. Motor Grader
5. Water Tanker
6. Smooth Wheeled Loader
7. Vibratory Loader
8. Generator
9. Tipper
10. Tractor-Trolley
11. Asphalt Paver
12. Bitumen Pressure Distributor
13. Cooker
14. Air Compressor
15. Mechanical Broom
16. Portable Mixer for Asphaltic Concrete preparation
4.8
LABOUR CAMPS and SIZES:
Considering the project alignments 2 numbers of construction camps are being proposed for each of
the project clusters.
Estimated Size of Each Work Camps: Approximate 100M X30M =3000SQM=0.3 HCT
Facilities in Construction Camp: Laboratory, Site Office, Labour camp, Storage space for Material,
Toilet, Vehicle Parking Area and open space. The open space will be approximately about 30% of the
gross area.
4.9
QUARRY and BORROW AREAs:
The quarry materials required for the project is being available from the nearby regions as given in
table 4.9. The borrow area details are given in table 4.10.
Table 4.9: Details of Quarry Areas
Material
Sources
Distance
1
Granite
Ife/Ibadan
50-100km
2
Laterite
Project corridor
5km
S/N
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Cluster
Iwo
Ife
Ilesa
in JV with
Table 4.10: Summary of Borrow Pits Locations along the project road clusters
Expected
AASHTO
Location
Chainage
Size
volume
classification
Bode Osi- Idiroko
2+000-2+100
100 x 250
18250
A-2-4
Telemu-Ileogbo
3+300-3+400
100 x 375
30000
A-2-4
1+500-1+600
100 x 350
28000
A-2-4
Ajagunlase-Asa
7+000-7+100
250 x 300
53250
A-2-4
4+900-5+000
205 x 375
59962.5
A-2-4
Akinleye-Ajagunlase
8+400-8+500
250 x 300
53250
A-2-4
Pataara-Ileeko
1+000-1+100
180 x 325
42120
A-2-4
1+000-1+100
200 x 100
20000
A-2-4
Agoro-Akinleye
8+000-8+100
250 x 300
53250
A-2-4
Onikoko-Osi
6+200-6+450
250 x 385
86625
A-2-4
13+200-13+425
225 x 350
64575
A-2-4
23+100-23+350
250 x 372
63240
A-2-4
28+400-28+700
300 x 275
58575
A-2-4
Gbengbeleku-Olomu
9+000-9+100
275 x 300
66000
A-2-4
6+000-6+300
300 x 287
62853
A-2-4
Lawoka-Araromi
14+550-14+650
250 x 300
53250
A-2-4
28+000-28+300
300 x 200
48600
A-2-4
1+200-1+300
225 x 283
40752
A-2-4
Ira Ikeji-Ogbomosho
6+300-6+400
200 x 275
37400
A-2-4
Ira – Aradeji
5+000-5+100
275 x 300
61875
A-2-4
Odogbo-Araromi
1+500-1+600
250 x325
59312
A-2-4
2+150-2+400
250 x 320
58400
A-2-4
Odogbo-Iwara
4+500-4+700
200 x 328
45920
A-2-4
Odogbo Junction4+200-4+600
215 x 325
46117.5
A-2-4
Odogbo Village
6+900-7+000
300 x 275
57750
A-2-4
Ijesa-Okebode
10+900-11+000
350 x 175
41650
A-2-4
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Chatper 5
5.1
BASELINE ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITION:
GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION OF STUDY AREA:
Geographically, Osun state having been carved out of the Old Oyo State on August 27, 1991, the
present –day Osun state, located in the south- western part of Nigeria, covers a land area of
approximately 14,875 square kilometers. In terms of location, Osun State lies between longitude 04
00’E and 05 05’ and latitude 05 558” and 08 07”. The state is bounded in the south by Osun state; in
the North by Kwara state; in the west by Oyo state; and in the East by Ondo and Ekiti states. This
diversity in its boundary delimitations has much positive benefits to exert on its environmental
proximity. The population of Osun State is 3,423,535 (2006) census.
5.2
METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATE:
There are two seasons annually in Osun state and Nigeria in general, wet season and dry season.
The wet season generally starts from April and extends till October. The dry season last from
November to March and the weathers are hot at this time. The dry season starts with Harmattan – a
dry chilly spell that lasts until February and a dusty atmosphere is brought about by the northeast
winds blowing from the Arabian Peninsula across the hot Sahara desert. The second half of the dry
season (February- March) is the hottest part of the year with temperatures getting to as high as 38
degree Celsius.
5.3
RAINFALL
Rainfall characteristics vary indirectly with latitudinal location but directly with the location of the ITD
and rainy season- initiated winds. The mean annual rainfall varies from 231.75 cm in the southern part
to 206 cm in Osun State, and highest rainfall is usually recorded in the months of July and August.
The weather is always cold between the months of December and February as a result of the
harmattan winds. Onset of rains in the project area is actually supposed to start around February and
March, while cessation is about November. Figure 5.1 shows the trend of rainfall in the area over a
period of 10 years with the lowest of about 14mm recorded in January and December, while the
highest in June with average of 287mm.
Figure 5.1: Rainfall and Temperature Distribution in Osun State (source: NIMET 2010)
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5.4
TEMPERATURE:
Mean maximum ambient temperature values range between 33.84°C in February and 28.8°C in
August, while mean minimum temperatures range between 25.18°C in March and 23.0°C in August. A
quick Overview of the data indicates that higher temperatures were recorded at the peak of the dry
season, between November and May, while lower temperature were recorded in the rainy season,
between June and October. It is obvious that the rains appear to have a moderating influence on
temperatures.
5.5
WIND SPEED AND DIRECTION:
The mean annual wind speed vary between a narrow range of 4.0 and 6.2m/s. Speeds are higher
between July and August, the period of August break. Conversely, at the peak of the rainy season in
September and October, Wind speeds are lowest, measuring between 4.1 and 4.2m/s.
According to the statistics available for the last ten years the prevalent wind directions is southwesterly. Often the South-Westerly dominates the wetter period of the year in the area while Northeasterlies dominate the drier season.
5.6
RELATIVE HUMIDITY:
Relative humidity is usually in excess of 70%, especially during the peak of the wet season. Highest
values of 78% occur in June to October and the lowest value of 57% was recorded in February.
5.7
ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE:
Atmospheric pressure is highest around November with 58.36hpa and lowest in August with
51.83hpa.
5.8
SOIL CHARACTERISTICS:
The soil belong to the highly ferruginous tropical red soils associated with basement complex
rocks. As a result of the dense humid forest cover in the area, the soils are generally deep and
of two types, namely, deep clayey soils formed on low smooth hill crests and upper slopes; and
the sandier hill wash soils on the lower slopes.
The well drained clay soils of the hill crest and slopes are very important, because they
provide the best soils for cocoa and coffee
cultivating in the state. The lighter loams are
more suitable for cultivation the local food crops, such as yam, cassava, and maize. Soil
degradation and soil erosion are generally not serious in the state, but considerable hill wash
is recorded along the slopes of the hills.
Soil samples were collected from the each of the project road section. The locations of the soil
samples and photographs of soil sample collection is given in table 5.1 and Figure 5.2.
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S.No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
Table 5.1: Soil Sampling Locations
Road Section
Odogbo-Iwara
Ilesa-Odogbo-Araromi
Jabu-Irakeji
Ira-Ikeji Ile
Oligeri-Iragbiji
Onikoko-Osi
Elebu-Osi
Osi-Falala
Forest Reserve
Alogba-Owode
Eleru Town
Agbowu-Idiroko
Ajagunlase Town
Akinleye-Odo Omi
Agoro-Ikonifin
Eleke-Kanko
Soil Sample in Odogbo
Soil Samples in Shasha Forest
Soil Sample in Osi Village
Soil Sample in Eluru-Osi road
section
Soil Sample in Ira Village
Soil Sample in Ajagulanse
Surface water sample collection
Ground water sample
Surface water sample collection
at Ira-Ekeji
collection at Ira Village
at Odogbo
Figure 5.2: Soil and Water Sampling Locations
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The PH range of the soil sample was 6.29- 6.90 the PH range indicates the soils to be slightly
acidic. The concentrations of nitrates were 36.5-44.3mg/kg and Sulphates were 33.3-43.6 the
chloride concentration were 8.43-13.35mg/kg and other anions were found to be in low/moderate
concentrations. The Soil Sample results are given in Annexure 5-1.
5.9
WATER RESOURCE STUDIES:
Surface and ground water samples were collected in an around the project road areas. The collection
of surface and ground water samples are given in Table 5.2. In-situ quality parameters including
PH, Dissolved oxygen , turbidity and temperature were determined on site, where there were no
source of surface water. Only well/bore- holes were close to the Site. Samples were collected and
preserved separately for general water physico-chemical parameters (>4˚c), microbiological
analysis (<4˚c), heavy metals (acidified using nitric acid pH< 2), oil and grease and chemical
oxygen demand (acidified using sulphuric acid pH<2). shows the that pH of the water sample was
slightly acidic is within the required range of (6.5-8.5),temperature (<40˚c), conductivity (NS),
Dissolved oxygen (5ppm), chloride (40mg/1) with their actual values being 6.68-6.97,25.2-27.8˚c,
99-206umhos/cm, and 2.3-3.3ppm respectively. No heavy metals were detected in all the samples
and all other physiochemical. Parameters examined did not exceed the FMENV permissible limits.
The water sample results are given in Annexure 5.2 and 5.3 respectively.
Location
Odogbo
Ilesa
Arakeji
Onikoko
Osi
Owode
5.10
Table 5.2: Surface and Ground Water Sample locations
Ground or Surface
Ground or Surface
Location
Water Samples
Water Samples
SW and GW
Eluru
SW and GW
SW and GW
Idiroko pt 1
SW and GW
Shasha Reserve
SW and GW
SW and GW
Forest
SW and GW
Idiroko pt 2
SW and GW
SW and GW
Ikonifin
SW and GW
SW and GW
Odo-Omi
SW and GW
AIR QUALITY:
In the process of previewing the environmental performance of a proposed developmental project, the
ambient air condition is studied, to monitor air pollutant concentrations. In developing countries, the
“classical” compounds NOx, SOx, CO, H2S, NH3, SPM and VOC are commonly monitored.
During this study, key pollution indices (air pollutants) like SPM (g/m3), CO (g/m3), SO2 (g/m3),
NO2 (g/m3), H2S (g/m3), and NH3 (g/m3) were measured at designated transects, using portable
gas meters. In the present project, as part of knowing the air quality parameters, the following
parameters were monitored and are monitored at designated locations as given in Table 5.3.
Table 5.3: Locations of Air Quality Monitoring Locations
Station Coordinates
Sampling Station
Latitude
S.No.
1
Onikoko – Osi Road
Lat 7.44054
2
Osi – Oluobe
NA
3
Owode - Alogba
Lat 7.8912
4
Along
in JV with
Shasha
Forest
Lat 7.44234
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Longitude
Long
4.56085
NA
Long
4.54025
Long
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S.No.
Station Coordinates
Latitude
Sampling Station
Longitude
4.55866
5
Reserve road (Ife – Ondo
road)
Iragbiji road off Ilesa
NA
6
Odogbo-Iwara road
Lat 7.53424
7
Odogbo-Ijesa
Lat 7.59139
Long4.75432
8
9
Ilesa – Arakeji road
Idiroko-Akinleye
Ikonifin-Ajagunlase
axis
NA
Lat 7.71172
NA
Long 4.079
Long
4.14411
Long
4.14507
10
road
Lat 7.79895
11
Ikonifin – Agoro
Lat 7.79666
12
Eleke
NA
NA
Long
4.72578
The air quality parameters as measured along the various project roads are shown in Figure 4.3.
Recording of SPM and RPM at Odogbo-Ijesa
Recording of SPM and RPM at Idiroko-Akinleye
Respiratory dust sampler equipment
Records of SPM at Onikoko – Osi Road
Figure 5.3: Air Quality Sampling
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The details of the air quality results are given in Annexure 5.4. It has been observed that overall all
the parameters are well within the permissible limits.
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5.11
NOISE QUALITY:
The noise levels were measures in 10 locations in an around the project road. The details of noise
quality assessment are given in Table 5.3 and the noise standards in the region are given in Table
5.4.
Table 5.3: Noise Level around the Project Area
S/N
SAMPLING
STATION
SAMPLING STATION
CORDINATE
NOISE (dBA)
Min.
NOISE (dBA)
Max.
1
Onikoko – Osi Road
Lat 7.44054
Long 4.56085
41.4
52.8
2
Osi - Oluobe
N.A
46.8
52.1
3
Owode - Alogba
Lat 7.8912
Long 4.54025
58.2
60.8
N.A
40.5
42.3
N.A
Lat 7.53424
Long 4.72578
Lat 7.59139
Long4.75432
N.A
Lat 7.71172
Long 4.079
Lat 7.79895
Long 4.14411
Lat 7.79666
Long 4.14507
N.A
53.8
64.3
38.1
47.7
45.3
56.6
47.3
52.5
41.6
54.6
63.3
66.0
53.7
64.3
43.8
52.1
5
Shasha Forest
Reserve
Iragbiji road off Ilesa
6
Odogbo-Iwara road
7
Odogbo-Ijesa
8
Ilesa – Arakeji road
9
Idiroko-Akinleye
10
Ikonifin-Ajagunlase
road axis
11
Ikonifin - Agoro
12
Eleke
4
Table 5.4: Noise Exposure Limits for Nigeria.
Duration per Day (hours)
Permissible Exposure limit DB(A)
8
90
6
92
4
95
3
97
2
100
1.5
102
1.0
105
0.5
110
0.25 or less
115
Note: Exposure to impulsive or impact noise should not exceed 140 dB(A) peak sound pressure level.
5.12
BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT:
The state Osun is covered by secondary forest and in the northern part, the derived savannah
mosaic predominates. Originally, virtually all parts of the state had natural lowland tropical rain
forest vegetation; but this has since given way to secondary forest regrowth due to fuel wood
production, road construction, clay and sand quarrying and traditional farming practices. Human
interference, by way of cocoa plantation, has also replaced the forest. Hence, the natural tree
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species have given way to oil palm (Elacis guinniensis), gmelina and dense thickets. Mature
forests still exist in the Owu forest reserve at the southern part of the state. Part of this high
forest has recently been cleared to make way for forest plantations of Tectona grandis and
Gmelina arborea.
As hunting is an important traditional occupation in the state, the game population of the
state has dwindled considerably. None of the thirty three game reserves in the country is
located in the state, and although there is a forest reserve, it was not established to protect
game. The fauna species found in the state include grass cutter, antelope and bus pig (warthog).
FLORA/VEGETATION
The vegetation along the project road are mostly short grasses and timber grade trees are not
observed just adjacent to project road and trees are not required to be cut down for the base station
to be constructed.
FAUNA
There are wild animals close or around the road clusters to be constructed in Osun state.
Animals found around the locations are poultry animals, goats, and domestic animals.
5.12.1 Tree Counting and Species Identification:
Consultant’s survey team has been deployed to count timber grade trees and economic trees along
the project road within 5m from the edge on either side of project road. The details of species
identification exercise carried out during the ESIA field work is narrated in the below subsections:
IRA-IKEJI (7.40 km) : Ira Ikeji village has a large farm land and cultivation. The lists of the plantation
found within 1km to 2km drive through Ira ikeji road are Kola nut tree, pawpaw plantation, bamboo,
bitter kola, orange, banana etc. The dominant plants are Kola nuts Trees. The road was observed to
sloppy like going down a hill.
SIGNPOST SHOWING IRA-IKEJI IN ORIADE LGA
OF OSUN STATE
Bitter Kola tree
ODOGBO-ILESA (Road length 6.58 km) : Odogbo village has a large farm land and cultivation.
The lists of the plantation found within 1km to 2km drive through Odogbo-Ilesa road are Banana,
Mango, Plantain and Palm. The dominant plants are cocoa.
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Banana Plantation
Cocoa Plantation
IDIROKO
Idiroko village has a large farm land and settlements are within a km from the road. In one portion
savanna region observed. Also banana and plantation owned by Ajao farm was observed. Shrubs
were found on a large expand of land area. The following are lists of the plantation were found. The
dominant plants are Palm trees, Maize plantation, Cassava plantation, Mango, Yam plantation and
Banana Plantation and Pineapple.
Plantation Along Project Road
Odi-omi town has a lot of shrubs unlike other town in the state. Odi-omi town has a large cultivation
farm land. The lists of the plantation found within 1km drive through Odi-omi road are Banana, Mango,
Cocoa, Cassava, Plantain, Palm and Cocoa. There is palm oil production industry at a section of the
town.
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Shrub Species along the project road
Ajagunlase town has a large farm land. At exactly 1000meters
into the road a settlement of cashew tree were found to sprout
all over. In this region there is a lot of farming activities and few
hunting. The species identified along the project road are Kola
nut trees, Pawpaw plantation, Cashew plantation, Mango trees,
Bitter kola trees, Banana and Orange plantation. Shrubs were
also found on a large expand of land.
Eleru village has a large farm land. In this region there is a lot of farming activities and few hunting.
Shrubs were also found on a large expand of land. The species identifies along the project road are
Cassava Plantation, Palm Tree, Kola Nut Tree, Cashew, Banana, Bitter Kola etc.
Araromi town (Shasha Reserve forest area) has a large farm land. In this region there is a lot of
farming activities and few hunting. Shrubs were found on a large expand of land. Melina tree was
found scatter all over the town. The species identified enroute are Cassava plantation, Palm tree, Kola
nut tree, Melina tree, Banana and bitter Kola trees. Lot of logging wood carrying vehicle identified in
this area.
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5.13
SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT:
5.13.1 Demography
Osun state is spread over a an area of 9,251km 2 (3,571.8 sq mi) and based on 2006 national
population headcount, the state has a population of about 3,423,535 people. The major sub-ethnic
groups in Osun State are Ile Ife, Ijesha, Oyo, I bolo and Igbo mina of the Yoruba people. Yoruba and
English are the official languages. Osun state practice Islam, Christianity and Paganism. The
population distribution in the state of Osun is given in Table 5.5.
Table 5.5: Population Distributions in Osun State.
S.No.
Local Government Area
Population
1
Ifefayo
37,058
2
Iia
62,049
3
Boluwaduro
70,775
4
Odo-Otin
134,110
5
Ifelodun
96,748
6
Olorunda
131,761
7
Irepodun
119,497
8
Orolu
103,077
9
Egbedore
74,435
10
Oshogbo
156,694
11
Boripe
139,358
12
Obokun
116,511
13
Oriade
148,617
14
Ilesha East
106,586
15
Atakunmosa West
68,643
16
Ilesha west
103,555
17
Ede North
83,831
18
Ede south
76,035
19
Ejigbo
132,641
20
Ola Oluwa
76,593
21
Iwo
191,377
22
Ajyedire
75,846
23
Irewole
143,599
24
Isokan
103,177
25
Ajyedaade
150,392
26
Ife North
153,694
27
Ife Central
167,254
28
Ife East
188,087
29
Atakunmosa East
76,197
30
Ife South
135,338
3,423,535
Total
Source: National Population Commission (2006)
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5.13.2 Socio-Economic Activities
Agriculture
The major occupation of the people is faming, both of cash and food crops. Arable farming in the state
engages considerable migrant labour. The land tenure system, originally communal in nature has long
given way to individual tenure. This has considerably constrained access to land for Agricultural and
industrial purposes. For this reason, migrant tenant farmers are able to secure land on which they
grow annual food crops, albeit on a temporary basis.
The food crops are diverse, ranging from yam, rice, maize, beans and cassava to vegetables. The
farming practice is still predominantly rotational bush fallow, except in areas around urban
concentrations where a combination of farmyard manure and fertilizers permit continuous cultivation.
Osun State has considerable hectarage of citrus fruits, especially oranges. The citrus farms are
largely own by private individuals.
Cocoa is a main export crop grows in the state. Indeed, Osun State is second only to Ondo in terms of
cocoa production. Thus, bright prospects exit for cocoa based industries. The farmers also earn
considerable income from exports of cocoa beans. Indeed, farmers in the state benefited from the
SAP cocoa boom of 1986-1990, when the price of cocoa increased astronomically, even when cocoa
was more or less still being grown on existing hectarages.
The high demand for cocoa beans, and the consequent hike in the price per tonne, has been
attributed to the role of foreign business interests in Nigeria, who created that opportunity in order to
repatriate their accumulated earnings outside the country.
Osun State has considerable cover of secondary forest, in addition to the forest reserves and
plantation found in the southern part of the state. As a result, lumbering is an important activity. Saw
mills are scattered all over the state and especially the major urban centres in the lower half of the
state, to utilize the forest resources. Aside from timber, the resources are also utilized for fire wood.
The rich timber resources of the state provide a veritable material base furniture industry.
5.13.3 Industries In Osun
Osun state is yet not highly industrialized, but few of them are noteworthy to mention. Among these
are:


International Breweries Ltd, in Ilesha;
Cocoa Products Ltd in Ede, which together employ over 500, workers.
Considerable presence of the federal government can be felt in the state with this setting up a steel
rolling mill and a machine tools factory in Oshogbo.
These two ventures are large scale, employing over 1,000 workers. Cottage industries are scattered
in many part of the state. With respect to mineral base cottage industries, there are 57 soap making
units, 1 cream making unit, 3 leather work units, 7 textile units, 13 dye units, more than 200,111
weaving industrial units.
Five carving units, one ceramics making unit, fifty-three raffia works units, seven cane works, twelve
foundry works, 157 gold smithing and brick molding. The making of black native soap is widely
practiced by rural women in the state. Tie and dye activity is undertaken only in a few areas notably
Ede, Ola Oluwa, Oshogbo, Okuku and Awo but it is a pre dominantly male activities. Gold and black
smithing is another important mineral based cottage industry that is practiced by men in the state.
Other notable industrial venture in the state are the Adeniran steel and wire industries, rainbow paints,
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plastic and flexible package in llesa; Adeyera industrial company for metal fabrication and plastics
production in lfe, and foam and metal smelting factory in Ejigbo.
5.13.4 Health Care Facilities:
There are some Secondary Health Care Facilities Owned By the State Government in Osun State.
Details of such health care facilities are given in Table 5.6.
S.No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
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Table 5.6: Health Care Facilities in Osun State
Hospitals in Osun State
Comprehensive health centre, Iperindo
Comprehensive health centre, Alaka
Comprehensive health centre Iwara
Comprehensive health centre Osu
Comprehensive health centre Ifewara
Comprehensive health centre Gbongan
Comprehensive health centre ode-omu
Comprehensive health centre Ile-ogbo
Comprehensive health centre Kuta
Comprehensive health centre Otan ayegbaju
Comprehensive health centre Igbajo
Comprehensive health centre Iresi
Comprehensive health centre Iragbiji
Comprehensive health centre ire
State hospital Ede..
Comprehensive health centre Iragberi.
Comprehensive health centre Ejigbo
Comprehensive health centre Sabo ile –ife
State hospital,Oke-ogbo ile- ife
Comprehensive health centre Modakeke-ife
General hospital, Ipetumodu
Comprehensive health centre Edunabon
Comprehensive health central Ifetedo
Comprehensive health centre Garage olode
Comprehensive health centre Oke-ila
Comprehensive health centre Ora
State hospital, Ikirun
State hospital, Orangun
State hospital, Ilesa
Dental hospital, Ilesa
Irepodum comprehensive health centre, ilobu
Irewole state hospital, ikere
Isokan Comprehensive health centre Apomu
Iwo state hospital Iwo
Comprehensive health centre Ibokun
Comprehensive health centre Esa-oke
Comprehensive health centre Okuku
Comprehensive health centre Inisa
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5.13.5 Socio-Economic Survey:
During the ESIA study a detailed random Socio-economic sample survey has been carried out in
villages enroute the project road. The details of the villages selected along the project route for the
socio-economic survey. The list of villages selected in the project route for the socio-economic survey
is given in Table 5.7.
Table 5.7: Villages along project route and selected village for Socio-Economic Survey
Village
Name of Villages
Road Cluster
Numbers
1
Bode Town
2
Eleru Village
3
Aru Village
A
4
IDIROKO Village
5
Patara Village
6
ILEOKO ILEOJA village
7
Aba Ayo Village
8
Ogbomosho oniyo
9
Olageri Iragberi Oni
C
10
Ira-Ikeji Town
11
Arakeji-Jabu-Tawn
12
Ekeredodu Town
13
Isoya Village
14
Olurobo Village
15
Esera Village
16
Ajobo Village
17
Osi sooko Town
18
Idoigun Village
19
Ara umisa Village
20
Ara joshua Village
21
Ajabadele Village
22
Bolrunduro Village
23
Abaoba Village
24
Yomin oja Village
B
25
Gbebeleku Village
26
Yimin oja Village
27
Idiogu Village
28
Olomu Town
29
Ologede Village
30
Amu Village
31
Amu Village
32
Fagbewesa Village
33
Oyere Town
34
Fadehun Village
35
Idiahun Village
36
Agbala Village
37
Elewa Village
38
Agboje Village
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The socio-economic survey was carried out with an objective to capture the following information’













Income and Expenditure pattern;
Holdings of durable commodities;
Details of available facilities like drinking water, electricity and toilets;
Migration pattern for work and purpose of migration;
Health and disease pattern;
Treatment facilities and type of treatment chosen;
Involvement of women in various activities;
Involvement of women in decision making;
Son preference and attitude towards girl child;
Employment status and period of employment;
Coverage under any kind of government scheme for employment generation;
Indebtedness;
Cropping pattern and income from cash crops etc.
The socio-economic survey questionnaire is attached as Annexure-5.5.
5.13.6 Outcome of Socio-Economic Survey:
Expenditure:
Nearly 74% respondents fall within monthly expenditure limit of 20,000 Naira. 9% respondents fall
within monthly expenditure limit of more than 40,000-50,000 Naira as shown in Figure 5.4.
40.00
35.00
30.00
25.00
20.00
Series1
15.00
10.00
5.00
0.00
Less than 10,000 N10,000-20,000 N20,000 - 30,000N30,000 - 40,000N40,000 - 50,000
Figure 5.4: Expenditure for Socio-Economic Survey
Durable Commodities:
As part of the survey, questions were asked to the respondents regarding the holding of various
durable commodities. It is observed that most of the respondents do possess the radio/trangister.
Only 30% of the respondents hold television in their possession and more than 60% people possess
motor cycle/scooter. Less than 10% people possess music system. None of the village houses have
L.P.G connection and are mostly dependent on forest wood.
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90.00
80.00
70.00
60.00
50.00
40.00
30.00
20.00
10.00
0.00
Series1
Figure 5.5: Holding of Durable Commodities
Available Facilities:
Nearly 55% of the population possesses electricity, while drinking water facility is provided to more
than 45% population. However, only 36% populations are reported having availability of in-house
toilet.
60.00
50.00
40.00
30.00
Series1
20.00
10.00
0.00
Electricity
Drinking Water
Toilet
Figure 5.6: Available Facilities
Migration:
Nearly 45% of the population migrates few months in a year, mostly during the rainy season. The
trend of migration is mostly for agricultural labour (around 80%). Some also migrate for trade and
business (around 20%).
Health Status:
Malaria is the serious and frequently causing disease in the village population surveyed. It has been
observed that nearly 55% of the population have a case history of malaria.
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Treatment:
The treatment facilities provided to various households include Allopathic (64%), followed by
traditional treatment by 36%.
Women Involvement:
Women involvement has been observed in most of the activities except household industries and
services. Women involvement has been observed most in cultivation/farming, household work and
sale of forest/farm products.
100.0
90.0
80.0
70.0
60.0
50.0
40.0
30.0
20.0
10.0
0.0
Series1
Figure 5.7: Women Involvement
Women in Decision Making:
Along the project route villages, it has been observed that women are mostly involved in decision
making. The sectors where women are mostly involved in decision making in:







Financial Matters;
Education to Child;
Health care to child;
Purchasing of any asset;
Day to day activities;
Social functions and marriages;
Local governance
Male are the final decision maker in financial matters, purchase of asset and local governance.
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100.00
90.00
80.00
70.00
60.00
50.00
40.00
30.00
20.00
10.00
0.00
Women
Men
Figure 5.8: Women and Men in Decision Making
Attitude towards Girl Child:



Most of the people responded in favor of educational facilities for girl child;
Most of the people responded in favor of Health Facilities for girl child; and,
Most of the people responded in favor of equal right on property for girl child.
Educational Facilities
Health Facilities
Equal right on property
18
18
18
9
82
82
Yes
No
73
Not responded
Yes
No
Not responded
Yes
No
Not responded
Figure 5.9: Attitude towards Girl Child
Income Generation Scheme:
Till date no such income generation scheme has been availed by any of the village community.
Indebt ness:
During the survey it has been observed that 36% people have taken debt from the private money
lenders.
Income Pattern:
The major income pattern in the region comes mostly from farm products. Though the respondents
have not clearly indicated their annual or monthly income during the survey, however, from the
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available information it is observed that nearly 27% of population have an annual income of Naira
10,000 or less, and nearly 10% of population earn around Naira 20,000 per month.
There are few cases of very high income families whose earning per month income reaches up to N
80,000-N2,00,000.
5.14
PUBLIC CONSULTATION:
As a part of the project preparation and to ensure that the community support is obtained and the
project supports the felt needs of the people; public consultations were carried out as an integral
component. A continuous involvement of the stakeholders and the affected community was obtained.
The feedback in the consultation sessions will lead to project preparation – including, influencing
designs. Consultations involve soliciting people’s views on proposed actions and engaging them in a
dialogue. It is a two-way information flow, from project authorities to people and, from people to
project authorities.
5.14.1 Objectives:
The main objective of the consultation process is to minimise negative impacts of the project and to
maximise the benefits from the project to the local populace. The objectives of public interaction of
this project are:

Promote public awareness and improve understanding of the local people about the proposed
project;

Assessment of possible requirement of improvements;

Solicit the views of affected communities / individuals on environmental and social problems;

Improve environmental and social soundness;

Inform the affected populace about the entitlement framework and to settle problems with
mutual consent; and

Create accountability and sense of local ownership during project implementation.
5.14.2 Consultation Level and Stages
As part of the project, the consultations are considered at following stages:
Stages of
Levels
Stages
Target Group
Consultation
Village/Community
During ESIA and After
2
Local Community
Level
draft ESIA
SPIU, Forest
During ESIA, after draft
officials, State
Institutional Level
3
ESIA and after final ESIA
Ministry of
Environment
5.14.3 Consultation during the ESIA Preparation.
A total of 13 such consultation program has been finalized after discussion with the SPIU, Osun State
including questionnaire for the same. The locations of such consultation, are strategically chosen
combing few of the village roads together. The details of consultation location, dates of consultation
are shown in Table 5.8.
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S.No
Road
Cluster
Table 5.8: Details of Public Consultation
Location of
Dates of
Road Section
consultation
Consultation
Odogbo - Iwara
Ilesa - Odogbo-AraromiIgbowiwi
1
At Odogbo
22.03.2012
Farmers, local residents
and people acceding the
present road
At Ira
22.03.2012
Farmers, local residents
and people acceding the
present road
At Ilaa village
14.03.2012
Local Residents, farmers,
prince and head of youth
and other locals who
access the project road.
At Osi
22.03.2012
Owode
23.03.2012
Jabu - Ikeji-Arakeji-Ira
2
C (ILESA
Region)
B (ILE-IFE
Region)
5
6
B (ILE-IFE
Regional)
7
Shasha Native
Authority Forest
Reserve Road
Eleke - Kanko
9
11
Onikoko - Osi
Elebu - Osi
Osi - Falala
Alogba - Owode
Owode - Oyere
Fadahan
Abogimile - Eleru
Agbowu - Idiroko
Akinleye - Idiroko
8
10
Oligeri - Iragbiji
Isale GH – Muroko-IlaIsolo-Ijesa-Okebode
3
4
Ira - IKeji Ile - Ajebandele
Arinmo
A (IWO
Region)
12
13
Agoro - Ikonifin
Ikonifin - Ajagunlase
Ajagunlase - Bode Osi
Akinleye-Odo-omiAba-Ayo-Isero
Patara-Ileko-Oba-Odoomi-Road 1
Target group
Shasha
Reserve forest
Authority and
local people
Eluru
25.03.2012
23.03.2012
Idiroko
23.03.2012
Eleke
23.03.2012
Isero village
15.03.2012
Ajagunlase
23.03.2012
Odo
23.03.2012
Any Local Market
Local Residents, farmers,
prince and head of youth
and other locals who
access the project road.
25.03.2012
Forest Personnel, Local
Residents, farmers, prince
and head of youth and
other locals who access
the project road.
Villagers, Traders, Market
controllers etc.
5.14.4 Consultation at ILA Village:
Ila village is located at Isale GH – Muroko-Ila-Isolo-Ijesa-Okebode in road section in cluster C ILESA
Region.
The target group of consultation was villagers and farmers. Consultation was conducted by SPIU
officials and ESIA/ARAP Consultants. The date of consultation was on 14.03.2012. The outcome of
the public consultation details are given in Table 5.9. The details of public consultations are given in
Annexure 5.6.
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Figure 5.10: Public Consultation at ILA Village
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S.No
1
2
Average daily traffic in the road?
4
Total Population
Where the nearest local market is and how much time it does take
in average to reach to the local market with the present condition
of rural road?
Are there any accident issues in the present road?
What are the distance of nearest hospital and how much time it
requires o reach the nearest hospital through the present rural
road?
What is the nearest primary/secondary school to the community
children and how much it takes to reach school?
Is there any incidence of wild animals coming in the community or
crosses the rural road?
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
ESIA/ESMP Report
Table 5.9: Outcome of Public Consultation at ILA Village
Issues Discussed
Outcome
How do you access the rural road and what are the mode of
The rural road is being accessed at mostly during the dry season. Bus, minibus, cabs;
transport and their frequency/numbers.
pick up vans and timber logging trucks come in during the dry season only. During the
rainy season the road is not movable due to water logging and muds.
In rainy season there is no mobility along the road. If the road dis developed throughout
Why there is a need for the development of rural road? /Explain
the year products can be sold in the market and there will be no loss during the rainy
various benefits?
season. For example April to August/September Cocoa begins to come out and due to
rain and immobility lot of losses of incurred. With the project road such losses will be
reduced.
3
5
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Is there any migratory route of wild animal exists crossing or along
the rural road?
The project road may have certain impacts on the farm lands
belong to community. Are you willing to give land for the sake of
the development?
The project road development may require some loss of trees/
crops. What is expectation for the same?
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Some of the minibuses and pick up vans visit the area to a total of 20 vehicles per day
and 10 logging trucks. During market days nearly 50 vehicles ply along the project road.
No specific idea was given
10 Km away. During dry season it taken 40 minutes to reach the market through
vehicles/pick up vans. However during the rainy season is worst and takes longer times.
Nil
Travel time to nearest hospital is 30 minutes
Primary school is nearby and ILS secondary school is at 15 minutes distance. For higher
studies people go outside.
Till date no.
No
All agreed
It may happen but for the sake of the road rehabilitation and development all agreed.
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Outcome of Public Consultation:






5.15
People are in favor of the project;
People are willing give their land and structures for the sake of the project;
The project road in rainy season are un movable and hence development is required;
The road development will improve the opportunity lost during the rainy season and local
markets can be easily be accessed.
No rare and endangered flora and fauna species are reported also the project road is not
being used as any migratory route by wild animals;
The improved road condition will help the women in carrying the farm products to the local
market as well in fetching water from long distance for their family.
CONCLUSION:
From the meeting with Osun state SPIU officials, officials of Federal Ministry of Environment, Nigeria,
Site visit to project cluster roads, Public consultation and review of the existing policy and legal
framework of Nigeria pertaining to ESIA and World Bank’s safeguard policies it may be concluded
that:









The project is a rural road rehabilitation project with an objective of maintaining the same for
future years;
The project improvement work will have maximum benefit to the local villagers for transporting
their farm products and minimizing their opportunity lost;
In prima facie the project roads are not located in any kind of Environmental Sensitive areas as
per the guidelines of FEPA and World Bank except the road section through Shasha Native forest
road (53 km). The sensitivity of this road section has been checked and it has been understood
that the only the existing road will be developed in this section and sufficient RoW is available
here. Hence no such additional impact expected except for few tree cutting. Compensatory
afforestation of 2 trees for each tree cutting has been considered and adequately being budgeted
in the ESMP for the ILE-IFE section.
The Project is being considered as Category-II.
The existing project road is of 4m-6m width. The proposed proposal is for 6 m which will be done
on the existing road alignment. Very few structures are observed along the project road and these
are sufficient distance considering the proposed Right of Way (RoW) for the project. Hence the
chances of involuntary resettlement are less in this project.
Care shall also be taken to minimize the impact on cultural resources like church etc.
No such Archaeologically important places are going to be affected as part of the project;
No rare or endangered flora and fauna species are found in the project roads visited during the
site visit.
No such migratory route of wild animal is also reported.
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Chatper 6
6.1
POTENTIAL IMPACTS OF THE PROJECT
INTRODUCTION
This Chapter contains summary of impacts that are likely to result from the project as a result of the
interaction between various project components and environmental elements. The method of impact
identified and evaluated is also given in this chapter. The public consultation was carried out between
14.03.2012 and 25.03.2012 at 13 locations at various sections of the project road.
6.2
ENVIRONMENTAL SCREENING EXERCISE:
During the initial site visit to the project site between 13.03.2012 and 15.03.2012 some important
project road sections were visited to identify the major Environmental and Social factors as per the
guidelines of WB and ESMF developed for Osun State. The factors which were looked into include:
6.2.1
Environmental Factors:
•
•
•
•
•
•
6.2.2
Sensitive areas, natural habitats, other state declared sensitive areas
Felling of trees/Clearance of vegetative cover
Loss of productive agricultural land
Cuts across perennial streams or surface water bodies
Vulnerability to natural hazards, landslides/slips, soil erosion and,
Environmental features as wet lands, protected ground water zone, etc.
Social Factors:
•
•
•
•
Land availability
Loss of structures
Loss of livelihood
Impacts on common property resources
The outcome of the Environment and Social Screening is given in Table 6.1.
Table 6.1: Outcome of Environment and Social Screening
Environmental Factors
Outcome
In IWO and ILESA region there is no sensitive areas as
such, only in ILE-IFE section few section of the project road
Sensitive areas, natural habitats,
is passing through Shasha native forest which is a protected
other state declared sensitive
areas. However the road in this section will be strengthened
areas
as per the existing alignment only and no additional impact
is envisaged.
There are vegetative covers, bushes all along the project
Felling of trees/Clearance of
route. The development of the project would involve
vegetative cover
clearance of some of the vegetative cover.
No such agricultural land are so observed, however farm
lands are there along the project road. As such no major
impacts on farm land are expected as there are bushes
Loss of productive agriculture land
along the project road as buffer for 2-3 m in general from the
edge of existing roads. However, in few sections such
impacts could be there.
Cuts across perennial streams or
The project road in different clusters crosses few streams
surface water bodies
and surface water bodies. Due to rainfall and to avoid water
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Environmental Factors
Vulnerability to natural hazards,
landslides/landslips and soil
erosion
Environmental features such as
wetlands, protected ground water
zone
Outcome
logging raised levels of roads are suggested in design.
Adequate cross drainage structure are required.
Project roads are mostly in plain terrain except in selected
section in ILESA region where some undulating terrain has
been observed. This section of the project road is at present
prone to soil erosion. Proper drainage planning to be
undertaken in this section.
During the site visit, discussion with local people existence
of such zone is not observed.
During the site visit, it has been observed that there exists
ample
land along the project road.
Very few structures are expected to be demolished as part
of the project. For the overall improvement of 222km roads
about 25 structures are expected to be demolished, i.e. of
0.1 structure /km.
Due to the improvement of the project loss of some farm
land is expected and hence some impact on livelihood is
expected.
Land Availability
Loss of structures
Loss of livelihood
Impact on common property
resources
Almost negligible along the project route.
Positively, the project is envisaged to have a range of positive environmental and social impacts.
Some of these are a function of the objectives of the project, while others are a function of the way in
which the project is designed to meet its objectives. The project beneficiaries are the population of
poor rural communities living aside from the roads. These rural communities rely almost exclusively
on agriculture and livestock for their subsistence. A significant part of the agricultural works is
performed by women. The lack of all-weather rural roads currently severely constrains the access of
these communities to economic opportunities (agricultural inputs, markets, rural-urban linkages) but
also to social services (health and education). This scenario is expected to change for the better with
the proposed project.
Considering the above positive impacts and potential negative impacts envisaged during the
screening study, the project may be categorized as Category B project.
6.3
POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT AS PER ESMF:
As part of preparation of ESMF document for RAMP-II, the preliminary environmental impacts were
identified. Further, various social benefits like economic benefit, employment generation, social
services, travel and transport, enhanced gender opportunities, fuel economy and reduced pollution.
The details are given in Figure 6.1.
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Figure 6.1: Potential Environment and Social Impact as per ESMF, RAMP-II
6.4
POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT IN THE PROJECT:
Table 6.2: Potential Negative Impact
Sr.
No
A
1
2
Envisaged Activities
Construction
Site clearing and/or
leveling
(Plants and wildlife)
Use of heavy
equipment and
hazardous
materials
Potential Impact

Impact on road side vegetation, bushes and farm lands;

Cause erosion due to machinery tracks, damage to roads,
stream banks;
Compact soil, change surface and groundwater flows, and
adversely affect future use for agriculture
Contaminate ground or surface water when hydraulic oil,
motor oil or other harmful mechanical fluids could be spilled
or dumped
Put workers at risk from exposure to hazardous materials





Damage local habitat, compact soil, and create erosion via
building and occupation of construction camp
Contaminate surface water and spread disease via solid
waste and faeces generated by camp Spread communicable
diseases including malaria, tuberculosis, and HIV/AIDS via
construction crew who come from outside the region
Introduce alcohol or other socially destructive substances via
construction crew
Adversely affect local flora and fauna (especially game and
fuel wood) via poaching and collection by construction crews
Generate trash due to lack of solid waste management

3
Construction
camp and crew


4
Storing
materials


Deplete water resources
Damage valuable ecosystems and habitats
5
Material

Damage aquatic ecosystems through erosion and siltation
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Sr.
No
Envisaged Activities
Potential Impact

extraction:
quarrying,
logging







Harm terrestrial ecosystems via harvesting of timber or other
natural products
Spread vector-borne diseases when stagnant water
accumulates in active or abandoned quarries or borrow pits
and breeds insect vectors
Take land out of other useful production
Make quarry a safety hazard
Cause erosion and siltation in streams mined for gravel
Pollution, disturbance and danger from quarry operations
Safety risks from abandoned quarries or borrow pits
Land seriously disturbed or lost from production
Quarries continue to be used by unauthorized persons

6
Water management


Scour and erosion below unprotected drainage out falls
Disruption of drinking or irrigation water
7
Spoil disposal



High volume of waste/spoil
Spoil tipped away from designated areas
Spoil failing or being washed on the farmland






Landslides or other forms of mass instability on slopes
Development of erosion or gullying
Road crosses major areas of deep- seated instability
Cause erosion, siltation, changes in natural water flow, and
damage to aquatic ecosystems when excavated soil is piled
inappropriately
Expose inhabitants and crew to risk of falls and injuries in
excavation pits
Block water courses when fill is inappropriately placed
Destroy valuable ecosystems when fill is inappropriately
placed
Cause land subsidence or landslides when fill is
inappropriately placed, causing injuries and damages
Degrade water quality
Alter hydrology


Deplete freshwater resources
Improve road material performance




Cause soil erosion
Degrade water quality workers and others from
Alter hydrology
Damage valuable ecosystems and habitats




Cause soil erosion
Degrade water quality
Alter hydrology
Damage valuable ecosystems and habitats

Increased vehicular speed that could lead to significant
increases in accident rates for both human and animal
populations.
8
Slope
stability/Excavation,
cutting, and filling




9
Compacting
Blasting
10
11
12
in JV with
Drainage
Traffic hazards.
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Sr.
No
Envisaged Activities
Potential Impact

13
Road works
hazards.
14
Change local
culture and society.
15
16
17
Land use/Land take



Socio-cultural values may be altered and the stability of
communities adversely affected by
Exposure to rapid social change or tourism.


Houses may be removed
Loss of agricultural land/farm land

Graveyards, burial plots and sacred areas located adjacent
to the project roads may be affected either through: (i)
physical intrusion; (ii) excessive drainage from the road onto
the graveyard, causing flooding; or (iii) potentially unwanted
public access to sacred sites.

Excavation may reveal archaeological or other valuable
cultural resources which could be physically damaged from
construction activities.

Displacement due (i) affected persons living or engaged in
livelihood activity within the right of way; or (ii) for technical or
safety reasons, the road departs from the existing alignment
and affects persons living or engaged in livelihood activities
with the altered right of way.

Construction activities and the need to realign utility supply
lines

Road crew members from other geographic areas can
spread various health problems, especially
HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs), to
local populations.
Graveyards and
Sacred Areas
Chance Finds of
Cultural Resources
18
Involuntary
Resettlement
19
Utility Disruptions
20
HIV/AIDS and other
diseases.


21
Public Safety and
Health


22
B
1
Operation of machinery endangers both operators and
laborers
Poorly planned borrow pits and quarries pose threats,
ranging from falls from quarry faces to drowning in quarry
pits that have become standing water reservoirs
Injury/accident due to lack of warning signs, site barricaded
and safeguards
Exposure to atmospheric emissions from construction
equipment
Exposure to excessive and continuous noise and vibration
from construction activities
 Accidents from operation of construction equipment
 Accident due to disorganized site
Road Operation and Maintenance
Occupational Health
and Safety
Road
maintenance



Create gullies and standing pools
Create mud holes, potholes
Breed disease vectors in settling basins and retention
ponds
Remove ruts, potholes, wash boarding, and standing
water

2
Use and
maintenance
of equipment
3
Road surface is
in JV with

(See “Use of heavy equipment and hazardous materials”
above)

Cause soil erosion
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Sr.
No
Potential Impact
below grade of
surrounding


Degrade water quality
Alter hydrology
4
Road is steeply
sloped and
eroding



Cause soil erosion
Degrade water quality
Alter hydrology
5
Deteriorated
road surface


Cause erosion
Damage vehicles
C
1
6.4.1
Envisaged Activities
Decommissioning
Break up old road
surface and soil,
etc.



Cause soil erosion
Degrade water quality
Damage valuable ecosystems and habitat
Physical Environment
Meteorological Parameters
The project involves only strengthening of existing rural roads and the proposal is for earthen roads
only. Therefore the chances of change in macro and micro climate is very less. However, some tree
felling and clearance of vegetation will be there which may slightly increase the micro-climate by
increasing temperature.
Mitigation Measure:
Green belt development and tree plantation shall be undertaken @ 2 tree for the number of trees
being cut and will be maintained for 5 years till growth. Such tree plantation will restore the microclimate of the region
Physiography
Road construction activities involve certain alternation in the local physiography and drainage
patterns. The impacts on physiography may include destabilization of slopes due to cut and fill
operations. Cut-and-fills will be designed for improvement to the road geometry, and parallel cross
drainage structures will be added to improve drainage. Such impacts are mostly envisaged in ILE-IFE
and ILESA clusters where the terrain is rolling and steep in few sections. Such impacts are not
envisaged in IWO region where the terrain is generally flat. There could be impact on topography as a
result of accelerated erosion on the cut-profiles in selected steep terrain sections.
Mitigation Measures:
Incorporating appropriate type of treatments of slopes has reduced the potential for erosion of high
embankments and culvert area filling. The soil is assumed to have an angle of repose corresponding
to 1V: 2H. Slope protection is normally required only for slopes steeper than this. The side slopes
gentler than this will be turfed with shrubs and grasses
Quarries and Crushers
The excavation of quarries and borrow pits used for obtaining rocks, soil and aggregate materials for
road construction can cause direct and indirect long - term adverse impacts on the environment. A
major source of dust during the construction stage is from stone crushing operations from the crusher
and the vibrating screen. The dust, in addition to being a health concern also reduces visibility thereby
increasing safety concerns. As no new quarry needs to be opened for this project (majority of the
material shall be from cut operations, reuse of old materials and existing quarries within the site itself),
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therefore, no new impacts are likely to arise due to quarrying operations. A properly enforced ESMP
could improve the working conditions of workers in the existing quarry areas selected for the project.
The expected sources of quarries and crushers are given below:
S/N
Material
Sources
Distance
1
Granite
Ife/Ibadan
50-100km
2
Laterite
Project corridor
5km
Mitigation Measure:
Existing quarries that are already in operation with the required environmental certification is
recommended for this project, and no new quarries have been proposed. The existing quarries are
suitable for the requirement of coarse and fine aggregate required for the road works.
In case the contractor decides in opening up of new quarries for the project, he shall take permission
of Independent Engineer and Environ & Social Safeguard Specialist of SPIU (Osun State) and should
follow the instructions / procedures as laid out in Annexure 1.1: Guidelines for New Quarry
Management of ESMP. For all existing quarries from where the concessionaire may source his
supply of aggregates, Annexure 1.3: Guidelines for Existing Quarry Management of ESMP shall
be followed. After the completion of quarry operation the contractor shall rehabilitate the quarry area
and should follow the guideline laid down in Annexure 1.2: Guidelines for Rehabilitation of Quarry
and Borrow Areas of ESMP.
Borrow Pits
Borrowing of earth is required for the embankment fill material, and for the construction of the
pavement.
The borrowing of earth will be carried out as per the standard engineering guidelines and hence no
major impact is envisaged and productive agricultural areas will be avoided for borrowing earth.
However, if not treated properly after the borrowing is complete, can form stagnant pools and pose
health hazards to prevent which redevelopment of borrow areas need to be worked out. List of borrow
pits identified for the project corridors is given in Table 6.3.
Table 6.3: Summary of Borrow Pits Locations along the project road clusters
Expected
AASHTO
Cluster
Location
Chainage
Size
volume
classification
Bode Osi2+000-2+100
100 x 250
18250
A-2-4
Idiroko
Telemu3+300-3+400
100 x 375
30000
A-2-4
Ileogbo
1+500-1+600
100 x 350
28000
A-2-4
AjagunlaseAsa
7+000-7+100
250 x 300
53250
A-2-4
Iwo
4+900-5+000
205 x 375
59962.5
A-2-4
AkinleyeAjagunlase
8+400-8+500
250 x 300
53250
A-2-4
Pataara-Ileeko
1+000-1+100
180 x 325
42120
A-2-4
1+000-1+100
200 x 100
20000
A-2-4
AgoroAkinleye
8+000-8+100
250 x 300
53250
A-2-4
Onikoko-Osi
6+200-6+450
250 x 385
86625
A-2-4
Ife
13+200-13+425
225 x 350
64575
A-2-4
23+100-23+350
250 x 372
63240
A-2-4
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300 x 275
Expected
volume
58575
AASHTO
classification
A-2-4
9+000-9+100
275 x 300
66000
A-2-4
6+000-6+300
14+550-14+650
28+000-28+300
1+200-1+300
6+300-6+400
5+000-5+100
300 x 287
250 x 300
300 x 200
225 x 283
200 x 275
275 x 300
62853
53250
48600
40752
37400
61875
A-2-4
A-2-4
A-2-4
A-2-4
A-2-4
A-2-4
1+500-1+600
250 x325
59312
A-2-4
Odogbo-Iwara
2+150-2+400
4+500-4+700
250 x 320
200 x 328
58400
45920
A-2-4
A-2-4
Odogbo
JunctionOdogbo
Village
4+200-4+600
215 x 325
46117.5
A-2-4
Ijesa-Okebode
6+900-7+000
10+900-11+000
300 x 275
350 x 175
57750
41650
A-2-4
A-2-4
Cluster
Location
GbengbelekuOlomu
LawokaAraromi
Ira IkejiOgbomosho
Ira – Aradeji
OdogboAraromi
Ilesa
Chainage
Size
28+400-28+700
Mitigation Measure:
Adequate compensation shall be paid to the vegetation required to be uprooted from the borrow areas
For the economic trees. Further, contractor shall rehabilitate the borrow area after completion of
borrowing earth as per the guidelines laid down in Annexure 1.2: Guidelines for Rehabilitation of
Quarry and Borrow areas as given in the respective ESMP reports.
Construction Camp and Crew:
As part of the project construction camps will be located at 2 identified locations for each of the project
clusters. The construction schedule is for 24 months, of which pre-construction si for 4 months and
rest 20 months will be for construction stage. The involvement of construction crews in the project for
each cluster is given below:
Project Phases
Pre-Construction
Construction
Operation
Labours
Skilled Labor: 10
Unskilled Labor: 80
Skilled Labor: 30
Unskilled Labor: 150
Skilled labor: 5
Unskilled labor: 40
The possible impacts from the construction camps and crews are:


Chances of damage to local flora/fauna, chances of erosion via building and occupation of
construction camp
Contaminate surface water and spread disease via solid waste and faeces generated by
camp Spread communicable diseases including malaria, tuberculosis, and HIV/AIDS via
construction crew who come from outside the region
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

Introduce alcohol or other socially destructive substances via construction crew
Adversely affect local flora and fauna (especially game and fuel wood) via poaching and
collection by construction crews
Generate trash due to lack of solid waste management

Mitigation Measure:






Construction camps will be constructed at place which are away from nearby settlement or
habitation at least 500m away and shall be placed preferably in a plane area to avoid cutting
and erosion.
Project requires significant involvement of unskilled labour during pre-construction,
construction as well as during operation stage. These unskilled labours may be sourced from
local villages/settlements. From the socio-economic survey, it reveals that villagers take
seasonal migration to seek employment. Hence, the project during the pre-construction and
construction stages alleviate seasonal migration and in-migration of construction work force to
some degree.
The skilled labour can be rotated in terms to make them available meet with their family
members (back home) to minimize the chances of their mixing with the project village women
and thereby minimizing the chances of spreading the HIV/AIDs.
The camps will be provided with proper sanitation, waste disposal and drinking water facility
to minimize impact on environment;
Camps shall be provided with fuel facility to avoid impact on vegetation;
Hunting of local animals shall be strictly prohibited and guideline will be given to contractor in
this regard.
Soil Erosion:
The removal of roadside vegetation and increased run-off may lead to erosion to productive soil.
Especially in project regions where the rainy season lasts for 4-6 months in average. The direct
impact of erosion is the loss of embankment soil and danger of stability loss for the road itself. This
impact is generally restricted to the ROW. The project has taken care of this issue at the engineering
design stage itself, the slopes of the embankments are perceived to be stable for all stretches of road.
The steep and rolling terrain sections in the project road clusters i.e. in ILESA and some portions in
ILE-IFE section the soil erosion chances are higher especially during the movement of heavy
equipments and vehicles along these roads. Proper slope protection measure, silt fencing for
collection of eroded material and regular maintenance of project road is very important.
Mitigation Measure:
Incorporating appropriate type of treatments of slopes has reduced the potential for erosion of high
embankments and culvert area filling. The soil is assumed to have an angle of repose corresponding
to 1V: 2H. Slope protection is normally required only for slopes steeper than this. The side slopes
gentler than this will be turfed with shrubs and grasses.
Further asphalt roads are proposed at areas of very high erosion and cutting sections in ILESA
region as given below:
S.No
1
2
3
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Name of Road
A7 Ira - Ajebandele - Arinmo
A8 Oligeri - Iragbiji - Oniyo
A9 Oniyo – Ogbomoso
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Length (Km)
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3.2
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Productive Top Soil
Efforts have been made to minimise the intake of productive lands. To conserve the productive top
soil the following measures have been proposed:

The topsoil from all areas of cutting and all areas to be permanently covered shall be stripped
to a specified depth of 150mm and stored in stockpiles. At least 10% the temporarily acquired
area shall be earmarked for storing top soil.

The stockpile shall be designed such that the slope does not exceed 1:2 (vertical to
horizontal), and the height of the pile be restricted to 2m. To retain soil and to allow
percolation of water, silt fencing shall protect the edges of the pile.

The stockpiles shall be covered with gunny bags or tarpaulin.

Such stockpiled topsoil will be returned to cover the disturbed area and cut slopes. Residual
topsoil will be distributed on areas as identified by contractor and approved by the
Independent Engineer in a layer of thickness of 75mm - 150mm. Top soil shall also be utilised
for redevelopment of borrow areas, landscaping along slopes, incidental spaces etc,
Soil Contamination:
Due to movement of heavy vehicles and discharge of lubricant oil, hydraulic oil, motor oil etc. chances
of soil contamination is there during the project construction stage. Additionally, sanitation waste and
solid waste from construction crew camp may also leady to certain soil contamination impact.
Mitigation Measure:
Potential Impact
Mitigation Measure
Soil Contamination
due to accident spills
An emergency response team to be created. The team shall contain
members of the district and police administration and also have specialist
in remediation. Responsibility of SPIU to inform the team to take actions for
any kind of such spillage. However, chances of such spillage is very less
as these are village roads only and do not expect any kind of hazardous
chemicals/flammable materials to be transported through these roads.
Operation of
residential facilities
for labour camps,
Vehicle parking areas
 During Construction, vehicle parking area will be made impervious using 75
mm thick P.C.C. bed over 150 mm thick rammed brick bats. The ground
will be uniformly sloped towards to adjacent edges towards the road. A
drain will take all the spilled material to the oil interceptor.
 Proper sanitation facilities shall be given in construction camp in the form of
septic tank and soak pit so that the untreated sewage is not disposed into
land.
Air Quality:
The baseline air quality as measured during the project study period March 2012, it has been
observed that the air quality is well within the permissible limit for all the parameters. The air quality is
like of a pristine quality at moment. However, with the proposed road up gradation and strengthening
work some impact on air quality is envisaged which is given below:



Generation of dust from operation of crushers and haul road operations. The major impacts will
be on construction crews and to surrounding habitation;
Generation of exhaust gas from the movement of construction traffic during construction stage;
and,
The project envisaged increase in induced traffic with the improvement of road. This would
increase some dust and exhaust gas generation during the operation stage of the project as well.
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Mitigation measures:
Generation of Dust



Water will be sprayed during construction phase, in earth handling sites, asphalt mixing sites and
other excavation areas for suppressing fugitive dust.
Special care will be taken when working near educational institutions and health centers.
The Stone crusher plant, batching plant to be located sufficiently away from settlement towards
downwind direction as per the guidelines of Osun State Ministry of Environment .
Gaseous Pollution:



All the Construction vehicles and machineries will be regularly maintained to conform to the
emission standards as prescribed by the state ministry of Environment/FMEnv.
All the DG sets (if used) will conform to the emission standards as stipulated under FEPA Act and
standards of FMEnv.
Care shall be taken to check that the vehicles being used in construction do not idle.
Ambient air quality will be monitored as per environmental monitoring program during construction
phase. Corrective action will be taken if results found deteriorating.
Water Resource:
No water table was encountered along the roads during the course of the investigation except for
surface water along the roads after rain. However, the roads have been raised during design
adequately enough to prevent water seepage into the pavement structure and adequate hydraulic
structure such as culverts and drainages have been provided at stream crossing to regulate the flow
of water.
The project designs include improvement in road geometry which may require raising the road and
embankment level in few sections. This would requires the facilitating the cross drainage structures
and improvement of the same. The project does not envisage having any impact on ground water
resources. The potential impacts are listed in Table 6.4.
Table 6.4: Like Impact on Water Resource
Impacts Due to Construction
Indicators
Loss of water bodies
Areas of water bodies impacts
Alteration of drainage, run-off etc.
No. of cross drainage channels
Use of water supply for construction
Quantum of water use
Contamination from fuel and lubricants
Nature and quantum of contaminators
Area of camp / disposal site and proximity to
Contamination from improper sanitation and
water
waste disposal from construction crew camp
bodies / channels
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Mitigation Measure:
Mitigation measures will include contractual obligations for relocation of sources of water supply at
locations desired by the host community, provision of balancing culverts of adequate capacity where
the level of the formation is being raised, and provision for adequately sized drains to prevent flooding
etc. All these measures form a part of the good engineering practice and should be part of the design
drawings themselves.

To ensure efficient flow of surface water and to prevent water logging along the side of the roads,
adequate size and number of cross-drainage structures have been provided.

Provision of lined drains at settlement areas and high erosion prone areas are considered.
In addition to the above design requirements, the contractor shall ensure that during construction work
the following are taken care of:

Construction work near stream and other flowing water body have to be carried out in such a way
that flow of water is not blocked and even if it has to be blocked then the contractor must ensure
that the local communities are informed about the same in advance. Work near the water bodies
should be carried out in dry season to avoid shortage of water,

Flooding of local drainage channels,

Measures to ensure that remnants from earthwork, stonework and other waste material do not
hinder the cross-drainage of streams;

In sections of the road near to watercourses or cross-drainage channels, the construction material
waste would be disposed of in a manner not to block the flow of water.

To maintain efficient storm water flow, the roadside drains will be cleaned regularly, especially
before the rainy season.
Water Quality:
Water sources including flowing and stagnant water sources are likely to be contaminated due to
activities such as setting up workers camp near water sources or transportation of construction
material such as sand, borrow material etc. without covering it. Due to tree felling soils around the
water bodies and surface drainage channels will be exposed during the pre-construction stage, during
which, the suspended sediments and the associated pollutants can be washed in to these water
sources.
Further, construction of culverts also may some impacts on the stream course due to spillage of
construction debris. However, a proper implementation of ESMP along the project site and stream
course will significantly reduce such impact.
Mitigation Measure:

The discharge standards promulgated under the FEPA and the standards provided by State
Ministry of Environment (Osun State) will be strictly adhered to.

Construction work close to the streams or water bodies must be avoided during the rainy
season;
The fuel storage and vehicle cleaning area shall be stationed at least 500m away from the
nearest drain / water body;

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
The slope of the embankments leading to water bodies shall be modified and re-channelled to
prevent entry of contaminants into the water body;

Provision of silt fencing and oil interceptors the details of which are given below:
Silt Fencing
Oil Interceptor
Noise Levels:
Though the level of discomfort caused by noise is subjective, there is a definite increase in discomfort
with an increase in noise levels. Road noise depends on factors such as traffic intensity, the type and
condition of the vehicles plying on the road, acceleration / deceleration / gear changes by the vehicles
depending on the level of congestion and smoothness of road surface. The project roads at present
do have very traffic load <50 vehicles per day. The baseline noise as measured during the project
study period was found within permissible limits.
During the construction stage with movement of heavy vehicles, there are chances of increase in
noise levels, but this would be temporary and some pre-cautionary measures like proper enclosures
at construction site, provision of ear-muffs etc. to the workers would reduce the impact from noise
level to a large extent.
However, with the proposed improvement, there are chances of increase in induced traffic which is
expected to increase the noise level to some extent.
Mitigation Measure:
 All construction equipment, plants, machinery and vehicles will follow prescribed noise standards.
All construction equipment used for an 8 hour shift shall conform to a standard of less than 90 dB
(A).
 At construction sites within 500 m of human settlements, noisy construction shall be stopped
between 9.00 PM and 6.00 AM;
 Vehicles and construction machinery shall be monitored regularly with particular attention to
silencers and mufflers to maintain noise levels to minimum;
 Workers in the vicinity of high noise levels must wear ear plugs, helmets and should be engaged in
diversified activities to prevent prolonged exposure to noise levels of more than 90 dB (A) per 8
hour shift;
 Blasting near new quarry areas shall be restricted only to daytime hours. Prior information of
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blasting operational times shall be given to people living near such blasting sites.
 Noise barriers shall be provided along sensitive locations like schools and hospitals etc.
Cultural Resources:
There is no such impact on cultural resources as such in the project. However, chance found cultural
resources/archaeological properties could be there during excavation and cutting works.
Mitigation Measure:
During construction and excavation /cutting work if any kind of cultural resource is being identified, it
the prime responsibility of the contractor to inform the SPIU-Osun State about the same.
Biological Environment:
Roadside Plantation and Farm Land: The principal impact on flora involves the removal of trees for
the creation of a clear zone within the Corridor of Impact. Reason for clearing trees is threefold:



To prevent single-vehicle collision with the roadside trees, trees very close to the road need to
be Cleared;
To ease construction of the embankment for the widened road formation and, to permit
construction of adequate roadside drainage structure, trees located within the area between
the pavement and daylight line need to be removed;
Trees need to be cleared to facilitate construction of traffic detours;
However, as part of the project roads, during the site visit it has been observed that there is thick
vegetation buffer of 2-3m on either side of the project road, after which timber grade trees, farm land
trees are observed. Hence not much impact on tree cutting is envisaged. The detail of such plantation
and farm land is given in Figure 6.2.
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Bushes
and
Vegetation
Farm Land
Village Road
Figure 6.2: Sample village road section and vegetation along route
Mitigation Measure:

Compensatory afforestation will be taken up as per the guidance of forest department for the
cutting of timber grade tree (if any); further compensation shall be paid to the economic tree
owners;

The directions of the Forest Department on the issue of compensatory afforestation shall be
binding.

Avenue plantation along corridor, where ever possible given to compensate the loss of trees
due to felling.

Native indigenous trees species shall be used as far as practicable;

Trees that provide fuel and fruit as well as small timber for agricultural implements are
suggested.

The plantation of trees shall be done subject to availability of space in the ROW
Fauna:
None of the thirty three game reserves in the country located in Osun state. The fauna species found
in the state, include grass cutter, antelope and bus pig (warthog).Domesticated animals generally
dominate the terrestrial faunal species. There is likelihood of slight impact to local domestic animals,
which graze in the area especially after the road is constructed.
Mitigation Measure:

All works are to be carried out such that minimum damage and disruption to fauna is caused.

Construction workers shall be instructed to protect natural resources and fauna, including wild
animals and aquatic life.

Hunting and unauthorised fishing shall be prohibited, especially in Shasha forest area

During construction, at any point of time, if a rare / endangered / threatened fauna species is
spotted, the contractor and the concessionaire shall make all arrangements to intimate the
wild life authorities and measures will be taken as for its conservation during the operation
period also.
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Social Environment:
As part of the project there would be some impact on housing structures along the project road in the
different clusters. There is no such impact on common property resources like grave yard, church,
well, hand pumps etc. The details of such loss in properties are given in Table 6.5 to 6.7.
Table 6.5: Likely Impact on Structures and Common Property Resources-Cluster A
S.No.
Chainage
Type of structure
Road 1
1
0+225
House
2
2+995
House
Road 2
3
2+690
House
Road 4
4
1+230
House
4
Total Structure
Table 6.6: Likely Impact on Structures and Common Property Resources-Cluster B
S.No.
Chainage
Type of structure
Road 1
1
18+530
House
2
19+520
House
3
19+530
House
4
24+780
House
5
24+780
House
6
24+800
House
7
24+810
House
8
26+510
House
9
26+515
House
10
28+540
House
Road2
1
0+460
House
2
0+465
House
3
0+470
House
Road 3
1
7+010
House
Road 4
1
0+270
Bus-Stop
15
Total Structure
Table 6.7: Likely Impact on Structures and Common Property Resources-Cluster C
S.No.
Chainage
Type of structure
Road 3
1
0+035
House
1
Total
Involuntary resettlement impact is envisaged to the affected 19 households. A details survey to the
affected households is being carried out to ensure the actual impact as per the census survey format
attached in Annexure 6.1. One new bus stop shall require to be given in the project.
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Loss of livelihood:
The requirement of borrow materials and clearing of vegetation along project route may have some
impact on farm lands for Cocoa, Casava, Banana, Orange, Yam plantation areas. Such details are
being identified during the census survey as per the survey format attached in Annexure 6.1.
Mitigation Measure:
The project affected families will be adequately compensated as per the guidelines of OP:4.12
(Involuntary Resettlement) of World Bank. The details of mitigation measures are being covered in
ARAP.
HIV/AIDS Impact:
During the project baseline study and public consultation in the selected villages along the project
route there is no such cases of HIV/AIDS identified in the project area.
Due to influx of construction crew from outside areas may spread HIV/AIDS and other sexually
transmitted disease in the area.
Mitigation Measure:





Measure shall be taken through medical checkup that no such HIV/AIDS affected person is
being involved in the construction crew;
Shows, drama shall be organized among the construction crews about the ill effect of
HIV/AIDS and they shall be properly made aware about the route of HIV/AIDS;
The construction camp shall be sufficiently away from nearby village and the mixing of crew
members with village population be restricted;
Crew must be rotated after a time interval so that they can meet with their family members
back home;
Periodical health checkup camps to be arranged for villagers near to the construction
camps;
Change in Local Culture and Society;
With the influx of construction crews from outside areas some cultural and social changes are
expected. Further, with the road improvement and increase in business opportunities such changes
are also expected.
Mitigation Measure:



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Contractual binding be made with the contractor to employ local labours so that the chances
of such cultural loss be minimized;
Further, construction camps will be located at sufficient distance from the villages to avoid
such change in local culture and society;
Further, the project roads are of short lengths and in many places not continuous and thus it
is expected that the construction crew will not stay to a particular place for a longer time and
hence such impact is negligible.
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Annexures
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Annexure 4.1
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ANNEXURE 4.1(LIST OF CULVERTS)
1 Iwo Cluster
1.1 Pataara – Akinleye – Idiroko Road
S/N
Chainages
1
7 + 975
2
8 + 800
1.2
S/N
1
1.3
Types of culverts
4No.3.5m x 3.5m Box
culverts
1m x 1m Box culvert
Length(m)
Remarks
9.9
Under construction
5.7
Need replacement
Iwo – Pataara – FS Road
Chainages
0 + 005
Types of culverts
600mm dia.pipe culvert
Length(m)
5.1
Remarks
Under construction
Agoro – Ikonifin Road
S/N
Chainages
Types of culverts
Length(m)
Remarks
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0 + 800
1 + 650
2 + 075
3 + 525
3 + 550
4 + 250
5 + 300
5 + 325
7 + 300
7 + 350
900mm dia.pipe culvert
1m x 1m box culvert
1m x 1m box culvert
2No. 1.9m x 1.9m box culvert
1.24m x 2.5m box culvert
1m x 1m box culvert
1m x 1m box culvert
900mm dia.pipe culvert
900mm dia.pipe culvert
600mm dia.pipe culvert
5.73
5.02
3.2
3.56
5.27
2.81
5.91
5.99
3.58
7.28
Need replacement
Need replacement
Need replacement
Need replacement
Need replacement
Need replacement
Need replacement
Need replacement
Need replacement
Need replacement
1.4
Ikonifin – Ajagunlase Road
S/N
1
2
Chainages
0 + 010
3 + 150
Types of culverts
600mm dia.pipe culvert
600mm dia.pipe culvert
Length(m)
10.44
5.79
3
6 + 075
0.5m x 1.2m box culvert
5.51
Remarks
Need replacement
Need replacement
Need replacement
4
7 + 300
600mm dia.pipe culvert
7.89
Need replacement
5
7 + 400
0.35m x 0.9m box culvert
6.25
Need replacement
6
7 + 525
600mm dia.pipe culvert
6.92
Need replacement
7
7 + 550
600mm dia.pipe culvert
6.83
Need replacement
8
8 + 200
600mm dia.pipe culvert
4.29
Need replacement
9
9 + 000
0.85m x 0.85m box culvert
5.32
Need replacement
10
9 + 725
600mm dia.pipe culvert
3.26
Need replacement
11
11 + 600
900mm dia.pipe culvert
5.62
Need replacement
12
12 + 425
900mm dia.pipe culvert
5.6
Need replacement
13
12 + 925
900mm dia.pipe culvert
5.49
Need replacement
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1.5
S/N
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1.6
S/N
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1.7
S/N
1
2
3
4
1.8
S/N
1
2
3
4
5
6
Ajagunlase – Bode Osi Road
Chainages
0 + 075
2 + 150
3 + 275
4 + 625
4 + 925
5 + 150
5 + 725
7 + 900
Types of culverts
600mm dia.pipe culvert
1.2m x 1.3m box culvert
600mm dia.pipe culvert
1 m x 1m box culvert
0.8m x 0.7m box culvert
1 m x 1m box culvert
1m x 2m box culvert
1 m x 1m box culvert
Length(m)
5.99
6.28
6.04
8.48
6.77
6.99
6.52
5.62
Remarks
Need replacement
Need replacement
Need replacement
Need replacement
Need replacement
Need replacement
Need replacement
Need replacement
Abogimile – Eleru Road
Chainages
0 + 005
0 + 075
0 + 300
0 + 525
1 + 000
1 + 456
2 + 350
Types of culverts
0.7m x 1m box culvert
0.6m x 1.3m box culvert
0.6m x 1m box culvert
1m x 1m box culvert
0.6m x 1m box culvert
0.8m x 1.55m box culvert
1m x 1.3m box culvert
Length(m)
6.12
6.37
6.69
5.0
7.49
5.39
5.61
Remarks
Need replacement
Need replacement
Need replacement
Need replacement
Need replacement
Need replacement
Need replacement
Length(m)
5.70
4.95
5.78
6.12
Remarks
Need replacement
Need replacement
Need replacement
Need replacement
Agbowu – Idiroko Road
Chainages
0 + 325
0 + 700
2 + 425
3 + 220
Types of culverts
1m x 1m box culvert
0.8m x 1.2m box culvert
0.85m x 1.2m box culvert
1m x 1m box culvert
Eleke - Kanko Road
Chainages
0 + 225
1 + 075
2 + 000
3 + 025
3 + 850
3 + 875
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Types of culverts
1m x 1m box culvert
0.45m x 1m box culvert
0.6m x 1m box culvert
0.85m x 1m box culvert
1m x 1m box culvert
1m x 1m box culvert
Length(m)
6.12
4.58
6.39
5.93
6.14
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Remarks
Need replacement
Need replacement
Need replacement
Need replacement
Need replacement
Need replacement
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2 Ife Cluster
2.1 Onikoko-Osi Sooko–Yimin Oja Road
S/N
1
2
Chainages
0+ 150
0 + 650
Types of culverts
600mm dia.pipe culvert
900mm dia.pipe culvert
Length (m)
13.21
14.91
3
0 + 850
0.7m x 1.2m Box culvert
5.81
Remarks
Need replacement
Need replacement
Need replacement
4
2 + 150
600mm dia.pipe culvert
8.25
Need replacement
5
2 + 200
900mm dia.pipe culvert
8.90
Need replacement
6
5 + 225
1.45m x 2.2m Box culvert
6.49
Need replacement
7
5 + 950
600mm dia.pipe culvert
6.77
Need replacement
8
8 + 150
1.2m x 3.8m Box culvert
2.95
Need replacement
9
9 + 350
800mm dia.pipe culvert
6.43
Need replacement
10
9 + 600
800mm dia.pipe culvert
7.21
Need replacement
11
9 + 950
1.2m x 3.8m Box culvert
3.33
Need replacement
12
13 + 700
1.1m x 1.3m Box culvert
6.30
Need replacement
13
14 + 725
1.1m x 1.3m Box culvert
5.88
Need replacement
14
15 + 200
2No.2.4m x 1.55m Box culverts
5.39
Need replacement
15
15 + 200
0.94m x 1.55m Box culvert
5.39
Need replacement
16
16 + 250
1.8m x 2.3m Box culvert
6.30
Need replacement
17
16 + 900
1m x 1m Box culvert
6.42
Need replacement
18
17 + 250
1.95m x 1.3m Box culvert
3.62
Need replacement
19
17 + 550
0.9m x 1.3m Box culvert
6.37
Need replacement
20
17 + 825
800mm dia.pipe culvert
6.33
Need replacement
21
17 + 875
800mm dia.pipe culvert
6.94
Need replacement
22
18 + 200
1.4m x 1.8m Box culvert
6.09
Need replacement
23
18 + 500
600mm dia.pipe culvert
5.47
Need replacement
24
18 + 625
1.8m x 3.4m Box culvert
3.43
Need replacement
25
18+775
1m x 1m Box culvert
6.09
Need replacement
26
19+875
1m x 1m Box culvert
4.59
Need replacement
27
21+550
2.4m x 2.2Box culvert
3.92
Need replacement
28
21+550
3.4m x 2.2Box culvert
3.92
Need replacement
29
23+500
0.9m x 1.2m Box culvert
3.20
Need replacement
30
23+650
0.9m x 1.2m Box culvert
3.40
Need replacement
31
23+750
600mm dia.pipe culvert
4.73
Need replacement
32
24+075
1.1m x 1.8m Box culvert
3.57
Need replacement
33
24+075
1.1m x 1.8m Box culvert
3.57
Need replacement
34
24+825
600mm dia.pipe culvert
3.18
Need replacement
2.2
Alogba – Owode Road
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Detailed engineering design, safeguards studies and Preparation
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Rural Development
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S/N
Chainages
Types of culverts
Length (m)
1
0+025
600mm dia.pipe culvert
5.11
Remarks
Need replacement
2
1+725
0.9m x 2.4m Box culvert
3.57
Need replacement
3
4+000
600mm dia.pipe culvert
5.14
Need replacement
4
5+325
3No.3m x 1.9m Box culverts
5.6
Need replacement
5
6+625
600mm dia.pipe culvert
6.47
Need replacement
6
6+925
2m x 2m Box culverts
6.21
Need replacement
7
7+150
1m x 1m box culvert
6.82
Need replacement
8
7+575
2No.1.1m x 1.8m box culvert
4.32
Need replacement
2.3
Amu – Oyere Road
S/N
Chainages
Types of culverts
Length
(m)
Remarks
1
0+025
1m x 1m box culvert
5.05
Need replacement
2
0+750
900mm dia.pipe culvert
4.28
Need replacement
3
1+350
900mm dia.pipe culvert
3.53
Need replacement
4
1+825
900mm dia.pipe culvert
3.35
Need replacement
5
2+300
2Nos. 1m x 1m box culvert
6.3
Need replacement
6
6+325
900mm dia.pipe culvert
3.18
Need replacement
7
6+725
600mm dia.pipe culvert
4.58
Need replacement
8
7+675
2.2m x 2.2m Box culverts
6.11
Need replacement
9
8+200
2Nos. 2.4m x 3.6m Box culverts
3.76
Need replacement
10
9+200
1m x 1.8m box culvert
5.04
Need replacement
2.4
Shasha NA Forest Reserve Road
S/N
1
2
Chainages
0 + 007
1 + 000
Types of culverts
Blockwork
900mm dia.pipe culvert
Length(m)
7.56
4.93
3
1 + 250
600mm dia.pipe culvert
4.98
Remarks
Need replacement
Need replacement
Need replacement
4
2 + 250
600mm dia.pipe culvert
5.16
Need replacement
5
2 + 950
Blockwork
5.56
Need replacement
6
3 + 750
600mm dia.pipe culvert
4.66
Need replacement
7
4 + 800
900mm dia.pipe culvert
5.71
Need replacement
8
5 + 050
Blockwork
6.31
Need replacement
9
5 + 500
600mm dia.pipe culvert
5.67
Need replacement
10
6 + 075
600mm dia.pipe culvert
3.03
Need replacement
11
6 + 650
1.35m x 1.6m box culvert
3.62
Need replacement
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Rural Development
ESIA/ESMP Report
S/N
Chainages
Types of culverts
Length(m)
12
7 + 450
Blockwork
5.9
Remarks
Need replacement
13
8 + 150
1.2m x 1.75m box culvert
5.56
Need replacement
14
8+225
900mm dia.pipe culvert
5.71
Need replacement
15
9+025
0.8m x 1m box culvert
7.27
Need replacement
16
10+000
0.9m x 1m box culvert
5.64
Need replacement
17
10+175
0.9m x 1m box culvert
5.44
Need replacement
3 Ilesa Cluster
3.1 Oligeri – Iragbidi Road
S/N
1
Chainages
0+ 000
Length(m)
6.1
0 + 050
Types of culverts
600mm dia.pipe culvert
600mm dia.pipe culvert
5.3
Remarks
Need extension
Need extension
2
3
0 + 100
600mm dia.pipe culvert
7.1
Need extension
4
0 + 150
600mm dia.pipe culvert
4.6
Need extension
5
0 + 225
600mm dia.pipe culvert
6.7
Need extension
6
0 + 350
600mm dia.pipe culvert
6.2
Need extension
7
0 + 400
600mm dia.pipe culvert
6.0
Need extension
8
0 + 750
600mm dia.pipe culvert
6.1
Need extension
9
2 + 000
600mm dia.pipe culvert
4.2
Need extension
10
4 + 650
2.8m x 1.1m Box culvert
5.3
Need extension
11
6 + 525
1.7m x 1m Box culvert
6.3
Need extension
12
7 + 800
600mm dia.pipe culvert
7.4
Need replacement
13
7 + 900
600mm dia.pipe culvert
6.9
Need replacement
14
8+000
600mm dia.pipe culvert
5.9
Need replacement
15
8+200
0.8m x 1.4m Box culvert
7.6
Good
16
8+500
600mm dia.pipe culvert
5.1
Need replacement
3.2
Ira- Ikeji – Ile – Ajebamdele – Arinmo Road
S/N
Chainages
Types of culverts
Length(m)
1
0+000
600mm dia.pipe culvert
6.9
Remarks
Need extension
2
0+050
600mm dia.pipe culvert
4.7
Need extension
3
0+700
600mm dia.pipe culvert
6.0
Need extension
4
2+050
2No.600mm dia.pipe culvert
6.9
Need extension
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Rural Development
ESIA/ESMP Report
3.3
Ilesa – Odogbo – Araromi Igbowiwi Road
S/N
Chainages
Types of culverts
Length(m)
1
0+000
600mm dia.pipe culvert
7.1
Remarks
Need replacement
2
0+200
2No.900mm dia.pipe culvert
4.53
Need replacement
3
0+850
2No 2.7m x 1.7m Box culverts
3.2
Need extension
4
2+325
600mm dia.pipe culvert
4.2
Need extension
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Rural Development
ESIA/ESMP Report
Annexure 5.1-5.3
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ESIA/ESMP Report
in JV with
Clay (%)
Silt (%)
Sand (%)
Class (USDA
Texture Class)
Bulk Density
(g/cm3)
Water Holding
Capacity (mm/cm)
Sodium (meq/100g)
Potassium
( meq/100g)
Calcium
( meq/100g)
Magnesium
( meq/100g)
Nitrogen
Content(mg/kg)
Phosphate (mg/kg)
Total Organic
Matter (%)
Odogbo-Iwara
Ilesa-OdogboAraromi
Jabu-Irakeji
Ira-Ikeji Ile
Oligeri-Iragbiji
Onikoko-Osi
Elebu-Osi
Osi-Falala
Forest Reserve
Alogba-Owode
Eleru Town
Agbowu-Idiroko
Akinleye-Idiroko
Ajagunlase Town
Akinleye-Odo Omi
Agoro-Ikonifin
Eleke-Kanko
Mean
Min
Max
EC (µS/cm)
Location
pH @ 25oC
Annexure 5.1: Soil Sample Analysis Result
6.43
52.8
10.81
9.08
80.11
Sandy Loam
1.21
1.24
1.11
0.34
2
3.31
30.6
608
2.5
6.44
52.2
10.91
8.08
81.01
Sandy Loam
1.22
1.24
1.11
0.38
2.02
3.31
31
605.5
2.52
6.6
6.69
6.61
6.44
6.34
6.48
6.05
6.71
6.52
6.34
6.63
6.89
6.59
6.89
6.44
6.53
6.43
6.89
11.4
11.7
11.2
8.4
8.4
8.5
10.2
8.6
32.7
33.7
31.2
34.9
32.7
34.8
31.6
24.41
8.4
52.8
4.11
4.12
3.95
1.1
1.2
1.5
2.94
1.3
3.7
0.26
0.25
1.05
1. 5
1.04
2.07
3.14
0.25
10.91
0.49
0.44
0.45
18.9
17.5
14.5
5.95
18.7
9
9.42
7.52
15.31
15.3
15.3
14.31
10.60
95. 4
94.64
95.6
80
81.3
84
91.11
80
87.3
90.32
92.23
83.64
83.2
83.66
83.62
85.73
80
95.6
Sand
Sand
Sand
Loamy Sand
Loamy Sand
Loamy Sand
Sand
Loamy Sand
Sand
Sand
Sand
Loamy Sand
Loamy Sand
Loamy Sand
Loamy Sand
1.371
1.365
1.37
1.425
1.424
1.425
1.103
1.43
1.49
1.49
1.46
1.51
1.55
1.52
1.45
1.40
1.103
1.55
0.45
0.48
0.51
1.38
1.36
1.38
0.5
1.39
0.57
0.53
0.55
0.92
0.97
0.91
0.94
0.90
0.45
1.39
1.2
1.1
1.4
0.42
0.47
0.4
0.71
0.43
0.41
0.44
0.54
0.83
0.86
0.82
0.87
0.77
0.4
1.4
1.24
1.26
1.23
4
5
4.5
11.85
4.03
0.45
0.25
0.27
1.02
1.04
1.04
1.12
2.30
0.27
5
1.88
1.82
1.81
5.01
5.06
5.11
2.38
6.01
2.01
2.01
2.09
1.37
2.01
1.38
1.35
2.67
1.35
6.01
1.33
1.35
1.37
4.97
4.97
4.93
2.36
4.95
3.9
2.98
2.75
3.16
5.07
3.11
3.38
3.36
1.33
5.07
41
41
39.5
75.6
75.6
75.5
54.4
75.4
52
42
41.6
36.8
36.8
36.6
35.9
48.31
30.6
75.6
221.7
223.4
222.3
319.8
325.8
314.5
248.2
320
854
850
850
259.9
258
259
248.2
411.08
221.7
854
3.2
3.2
3.21
3.63
3.65
3.61
1.7
3.69
5.32
3.32
5.32
2.81
2.59
2.83
2.87
3.29
1.7
5.32
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Location
pH @ 25oC
Conductivity (µS/cm)
TDS (mg/l)
Salinity (PSU)
DO (mg/l)
Alkalinity (mg/l)
Total hardness (mg/l;
as CaCO3)
Chloride (mg/l)
Sulphate (mg/l)
Phosphate (mg/l)
Nitrate (mg/l as NO3)
Calcium (mg/l)
Magnesium (mg/l)
Copper (mg/l)
Zinc (mg/l)
Iron (mg/l)
Annexure 5.2: Water Sample Analysis Results (Ground Water)
Odogbo
8.57
1139
549
0.5
4.4
52.7
280
278
420
3.5
42.1
70.02
25
< 0.001
0.52
0.081
Ilesa
8.66
1150
530
0.65
4.2
62.1
275
271
435
3.52
47.89
60.09
22.5
< 0.001
0.58
0.067
Ajebandele
8.49
179
87
0.1
5
11.9
65
49.9
50
1.36
8.44
5.23
12.38
< 0.001
0.14
0.08
Onikoko
8.26
750
337
0.65
4.1
64.2
275
311
423
3.59
44.28
63.79
22.5
< 0.001
0.54
0.047
Osi
8.19
953
356
0.62
4.1
64.9
289
317.5
421
3.56
42.78
65.73
22
< 0.001
0.52
0.049
Owode
8.28
275
137
0.3
5.3
46.9
54.7
52.8
34.4
2.41
0.27
5.27
10.24
< 0.001
0.05
0.19
Shasha Forest
8.47
1120
347
0.5
4.6
52.7
280
265
438
3.51
42.1
70.02
25.05
< 0.001
0.55
0.087
Eleru
8.66
1155
536
0.71
4.6
62.1
367
278
511
3.58
48.8
62.19
22.5
< 0.001
0.54
0.072
Idiroko
8.28
275
133
0.1
5.1
47.6
56
54.9
33
2.4
0.22
5.2
10.21
< 0.001
0.08
0.19
Eleke
8.29
273
142
0.34
5.9
51.3
58.2
51.7
33.4
2.42
0.24
5.25
10.22
< 0.001
0.05
0.197
Ikonofin
8.46
272
139
0.31
5.4
52.3
55.7
52.2
40.4
2.48
0.31
5.26
11.21
< 0.001
0.05
0.185
Odo-Omi
8.31
270
137
0.3
5.3
46.9
54.7
52.8
34.4
2.41
0.27
5.23
10.26
< 0.001
0.05
0.19
Mean
8.41
650.92
285.83
0.42
4.83
51.30
175.86
169.57
239.47
2.90
23.14
35.27
17.01
< 0.001
0.31
0.12
Min
8.19
179
87
0.1
4.1
11.9
54.7
49.9
33
1.36
0.22
5.2
10.21
< 0.001
0.05
0.047
Max
8.66
1155
549
0.71
5.9
64.9
367
317.5
511
3.59
48.8
70.02
25.05
< 0.001
0.58
0.197
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Location
pH @ 25oC
EC (µS/cm)
TDS (mg/l)
Salinity (PSU)
Colour (TCU)
TSS (mg/l)
Redox (mV)
Turbidity (NTU)
DO (mg/l)
BOD (mg/l)
COD (mg/l)
Alkalinity (mg/l)
Sulphide (mg/l)
Sulphate (mg/l)
Annexure 5.3: Water Sample Analysis Results (Surface Water)
Odogbo
7.84
109.2
53
0.1
9.8
4
-12
6.1
5.1
<1
5
17
< 0.005
54
Ilesa
7.82
115.4
57
0.09
9.2
4.2
-11
6.15
6.3
<1
6
17.2
< 0.005
54.6
Arakeji
7.83
111.4
55
0.09
9.22
4.6
-13
6.5
6.6
<1
6
17.25
< 0.005
55.62
Onikoko
7.68
519
251
0.3
9.2
15
-102
31.5
3.8
14
62
59.5
0.009
71
Osi
7.65
517
242
0.3
9.4
16
-101
31
3.5
15
64
59
0.009
73.5
Owode
7.76
102.1
44
0.15
53
5
-85
4.72
4.65
<1
56
12.5
< 0.005
53
Shasa
7.56
96.1
46
0.1
51
3
-88
4.61
4.6
<1
56
11.9
< 0.005
52
Eluru
7.74
278
134.2
0.11
14.4
2
-38
4.98
4.8
<1
7
44.2
< 0.005
51
Idiroko pt 1
7.74
278
134.2
0.11
14.4
2
-38
4.98
4.8
<1
7
44.2
< 0.005
51
Idiroko pt 2
7.76
272.8
132.2
0.16
13.8
2.2
-32
4.94
4.5
<1
7
44.2
< 0.005
50.5
Ikonifin
7.46
250.3
136.8
0.18
13.3
2.6
-36
5.02
4.56
<1
5
44
< 0.005
50.3
Odo-Omi
7.81
270.2
135.2
0.18
11.7
2.5
-31
4.9
4.8
<1
7
44.1
< 0.005
50
Mean
7.72
243.29
118.38
0.16
18.20
5.26
-48.92
9.62
4.83
<1
24.00
34.59
< 0.005
55.54
Min
7.46
96.1
44
0.09
9.2
2
-102
4.61
3.5
<1
5
11.9
< 0.005
50
Max
7.84
519
251
0.3
53
16
-11
31.5
6.6
<1
64
59.5
< 0.005
73.5
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PARAMETERS
Phosphate (mg/l)
Nitrate (mg/l as NO3)
Chloride (mg/l)
Ammonia (mg/l)
Total hardness (mg/l; as
CaCO3)
Sodium (mg/l)
Potassium (mg/l)
Calcium (mg/l)
Magnesium (mg/l)
Total Organic Carbon
(mg/l)
Oil & Grease (mg/l)
Copper (mg/l)
Zinc (mg/l)
ESIA/ESMP Report
Odogbo
0.63
0.4
40.1
< 0.01
49
38.6
3.1
6.04
8.1
1.1
< 0.05
0.04
0.069
Ilesa
0.71
0.45
40
< 0.01
42
36.9
3.5
6.12
8.15
1.14
< 0.05
0.04
0.071
Arakeji
0.75
0.52
40.4
< 0.01
41
36.7
3.62
6.13
8.17
1.12
< 0.05
0.03
0.07
Onikoko
1.95
0.45
166.9
0.06
117
108.2
7.8
20.01
15.95
19.1
< 0.05
0.054
0.188
Osi
1.97
0.46
178.2
0.055
115.9
113.2
7.9
20.06
15
18.7
< 0.05
0.058
0.178
Owode
0.58
4.86
46.2
< 0.01
22.7
39.75
3.5
4.2
2.77
8.2
< 0.05
0.032
0.059
Shasa
0.58
4.88
38.7
< 0.01
22
41
3.5
4.2
2.74
8.2
< 0.05
0.028
0.055
Eluru
0.67
0.51
44.8
0.01
80.1
49.1
2.6
14.1
10.71
1.3
< 0.05
0.032
0.041
Idiroko pt 1
0.67
0.51
44.8
0.01
80.1
49.1
2.6
14.1
10.71
1.3
< 0.05
0.032
0.041
Idiroko pt 2
0.69
0.52
44.6
0.01
80
49
2.6
14.2
10.7
1.2
< 0.05
0.033
0.041
Ikonifin
0.71
0.58
45
0.01
78
51
2.8
14.2
10.71
1.23
< 0.05
0.035
0.041
Odo-Omi
0.66
0.51
43.8
0.01
69
51
2.8
14.3
10.8
1.1
< 0.05
0.037
0.042
Mean
0.88
1.22
64.46
66.40
55.30
3.86
11.47
9.54
5.31
< 0.05
0.04
0.07
Min
0.58
0.4
38.7
< 0.01
22
36.7
2.6
4.2
2.74
1.1
< 0.05
0.028
0.041
Max
1.97
4.88
178.2
0.01
117
113.2
7.9
20.06
15.95
19.1
< 0.05
0.058
0.188
in JV with
SECL, Nigeria in JV with VSPL, India
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Federal Ministry of Agriculture and
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Detailed engineering design, safeguards studies and Preparation
of bidding documents for prioritized 222.83km rural roads in osun state of Nigeria
PARAMETERS
Iron (mg/l)
Cadmium (mg/l)
Lead (mg/l)
Chromium (mg/l)
Manganese (mg/l)
Vanadium (mg/l)
Arsenic (mg/l)
Mercury (mg/l)
Nickel (mg/l)
Barium (mg/l)
Total Heterotrophic
Bacteria
Total Coliforms
E. coli
ESIA/ESMP Report
Odogbo
0.4
0.0018
0.0021
0.09
0.032
< 0.05
< 0.005
<0.005
0.128
<0.05
169
ND
ND
Ilesa
0.4
0.0017
0.0021
0.09
0.033
< 0.05
< 0.005
<0.005
0.131
<0.05
171
ND
ND
Arakeji
0.43
0.0017
0.0022
0.089
0.034
< 0.05
< 0.005
<0.005
0.126
<0.05
161
ND
ND
Onikoko
0.15
0.0026
0.0034
0.1
0.075
< 0.05
< 0.05
<0.005
0.192
< 0.05
1210
206
ND
Osi
0.148
0.003
0.0034
0.1
0.075
< 0.05
< 0.05
<0.005
0.196
< 0.05
1237
167
ND
Owode
0.522
0.0014
0.0031
0.14
0.076
< 0.05
< 0.005
< 0.005
0.26
< 0.05
62
ND
ND
Shasa
0.52
0.0014
0.0026
0.14
0.088
< 0.05
< 0.005
< 0.005
0.26
< 0.05
41
ND
ND
Eluru
0.085
0.0011
0.0025
0.08
0.014
< 0.05
< 0.005
< 0.005
0.1
< 0.05
108
ND
ND
Idiroko pt 1
0.085
0.0011
0.0025
0.08
0.014
< 0.05
< 0.005
< 0.005
0.1
< 0.05
108
ND
ND
Idiroko pt 2
0.086
0.0011
0.0025
0.079
0.014
< 0.05
< 0.005
< 0.005
0.1
< 0.05
114
ND
ND
Ikonifin
0.09
0.001
0.0022
0.081
0.013
< 0.05
< 0.005
< 0.005
0.13
< 0.05
122
ND
ND
Odo-Omi
0.089
0.002
0.0024
0.077
0.014
< 0.05
< 0.005
< 0.005
0.1
< 0.05
166
ND
ND
Mean
0.25
0.00
0.0025833
0.0955
0.0401667
< 0.05
< 0.05
< 0.05
0.1519167
< 0.05
305.75
-
-
Min
0.085
0.001
0.0021
0.077
0.013
< 0.05
< 0.05
< 0.05
0.1
< 0.05
41
-
-
Max
0.522
0.003
0.0034
0.14
0.088
< 0.05
< 0.05
< 0.05
0.26
< 0.05
1237
-
-
in JV with
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Federal Ministry of Agriculture and
Detailed engineering design, safeguards studies and Preparation
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Rural Development
ESIA/ESMP Report
Annexure 5.4 (Air Quality)
in JV with
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Federal Ministry of Agriculture and
Rural Development
Detailed engineering design, safeguards studies and Preparation
of bidding documents for prioritized 222.83km rural roads in osun state of Nigeria
ESIA/ESMP ReportAnnexure 5.4
Air Quality Monitoring Data –RPM (Values in ppm)
Time
Onikoko–
Osi Road
Osi Oluobe
9.00–10.00am
10.00–11.00 am
11.00am-12.00noon
12.00 – 01.00pm
01.00 - 02.00pm
02.00 – 3.00pm
3.00 – 4.00pm
4.00 – 5.00pm
5.00 – 6.00pm
6.00–7.00 pm
07.00–08.00 pm
08.00-09.00pm
09.00 – 10.00pm
10.00 - 11.00pm
11.00 – 12.00am
12.00 – 01.00am
01.00 – 02.00am
02.00 – 03.00am
03.00 – 04.00 am
04.00 – 05.00 am
05.00 – 06.00 am
06.00 – 07.00 am
07.00 – 08.00 am
08.00 – 09.00 am
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
in JV with
Owode
Alogba
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
Shasha
Forest
Reserve
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
SECL, Nigeria in JV with VSPL, India
Iragbiji
road off
Ilesa
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
OdogboIwara
road
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
OdogboIjesa
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
Ilesa –
Arakeji
road
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
IdirokoAkinleye
Ikonifin
Ikonifin
- Agoro
Eleke
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
| Page (A-16)
Federal Ministry of Agriculture and
Rural Development
Detailed engineering design, safeguards studies and Preparation
of bidding documents for prioritized 222.83km rural roads in osun state of Nigeria
ESIA/ESMP Report-
Air Quality Monitoring Data –SPM (Values in ppm)
Time
Onikoko–
Osi Road
Osi Oluobe
Owode
Alogba
9.00–10.00am
10.00–11.00 am
11.00am-12.00noon
12.00 – 01.00pm
01.00 - 02.00pm
02.00 – 3.00pm
3.00 – 4.00pm
4.00 – 5.00pm
5.00 – 6.00pm
6.00–7.00 pm
07.00–08.00 pm
08.00-09.00pm
09.00 – 10.00pm
10.00 - 11.00pm
11.00 – 12.00am
12.00 – 01.00am
01.00 – 02.00am
02.00 – 03.00am
03.00 – 04.00 am
04.00 – 05.00 am
05.00 – 06.00 am
06.00 – 07.00 am
07.00 – 08.00 am
08.00 – 09.00 am
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
in JV with
Along
Shasha
Forest
Reserve
Road
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.01
SECL, Nigeria in JV with VSPL, India
Iragbiji
road off
Ilesa
OdogboIwara
road
OdogboIjesa
Ilesa –
Arakeji
road
IdirokoAkinleye
Ikonifin
Ikonifin
- Agoro
Eleke
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.03
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
| Page (A-17)
Federal Ministry of Agriculture and
Rural Development
Detailed engineering design, safeguards studies and Preparation
of bidding documents for prioritized 222.83km rural roads in osun state of Nigeria
ESIA/ESMP ReportAir Quality Monitoring Data –Sox, NOx, CO and HC
S/N
Sampling Station
1
2
3
Onikoko – Osi Road
Osi - Oluobe
Owode - Alogba
Shasha Forest Reserve
Iragbiji road off Ilesa
Odogbo-Iwara road
Odogbo-Ijesa
Ilesa – Arakeji road
Idiroko-Akinleye
Ikonifin
Ikonifin - Agoro
Eleke
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
in JV with
SECL, Nigeria in JV with VSPL, India
NO2
(ppm)
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
SO2
(ppm)
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
CO
(ppm)
3.5
2.5
1.0
0.5
0.5
0.5
1.0
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.0
1.5
HC
(ppm)
0.05
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.15
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.15
0.1
| Page (A-18)
Federal Ministry of Agriculture and
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Detailed engineering design, safeguards studies and Preparation
of bidding documents for prioritized 222.83km rural roads in osun state of Nigeria
ESIA/ESMP ReportNigerian Ambient Air Quality Standard by Federal Ministry of Environment
Pollutants
Time of Average
SOx (SO2)
Daily average of hourly values 1 hour
Particulate
Daily average of daily values 1 hour
CO
NOx
Daily average of hourly values 8hourly average
Daily average of hourly values
(range)
Limit
0.01ppm (26µg/m3)
0.1ppm (260µg/m3)
250µg/m3
* 600 µg/m3
10ppm (11.4mg/m3)
20ppm (22.8mg/m3)
0.04-0.06ppm
75.0/µg/m3-113ug /m3
Nonmethane
Daily average of 3 hourly values
160µg/m3
Hydrocarbon
PM10
N.A
N.A
Source; Lagos Metropolitan Area Transport Authority (LAMATA)
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Federal Ministry of Agriculture and
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Rural Development
ESIA/ESMP Report-
Annexure 5.5 (Questionnaire-Socio-Economic)
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Rural Development
ESIA/ESMP Report-
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Rural Development
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Rural Development
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Rural Development
ESIA/ESMP Report-
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Rural Development
ESIA/ESMP Report-
Annexure-5.6
CONSULTATION WITH COMMUNITIES
Consultation at Isero Village, Date of Consultation: 15.03.2012
Isero village is located in Agoro - Ikonifin road section in cluster A IWO Region. The target group of
consultation was villagers and farmers. Consultation was conducted by SPIU officials and Consultants
of RAMP. The date of consultation was on 15.03.2012. The outcome of the public consultation details
are given in table 1.
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Rural Development
ESIA/ESMP Report-
S.No
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Table 1: Outcome of Public Consultation at Isero Village
Issues Discussed
Outcome
Village farm products in the village which are being taken to
What facility the rural road section
the nearby market through the rural road. The improvement
provide to the local community
of the rural road helps in transporting the local products to
the market.
The rural road is being accessed at mostly during the dry
How do you access the rural road
season. Bus, minibus, cabs, pick up vans and timber
and what are the mode of transport
logging trucks come in during the dry season only. During
and their frequency/numbers.
the rainy season the road is not movable due to water
logging and muds.
It will be easier to move out the village products to the
Why there is a need for the
market. Loss during the rainy season will be reduced. The
development of rural road? /Explain
good road condition will attract more people for farming as
various benefits?
at present our village people are moving outside for farming
due to loss being incurred during rainy season and poor
road condition.
Average daily Traffic on the rural
road at present? Cars_______Pick
A total of 50 vehicles move in the rural road during normal
up________, Mini Bus____,
days and 200 vehicles during the market days during dry
Bus_________, Light Goods
season.
Vehicles__________
Trucks___________
What are the major crops and farm
product in the area which the
Yam, Maize, Casava, Cucumbar, palm oil etc.
community takes through the rural
road to the local market?
Where the nearest local market is
and how much time it does take in
20 Km away. During dry season it taken one hour to reach
average to reach to the local market
the market through vehicles/pick up vans. However during
with the present condition of rural
the rainy season is worst and takes longer times.
road?
Any weekly markets along the road or
Around 3 smaller weekly markets along project road.
near the road?
Road widening will increase your
production. Do you agree? If so how
Yes. Opportunity lost will be reduced to a large extent.
many times it will increase?
How much is the present
Around 100 palm oil mills are there around which produces
daily/Weekly/Monthly production
around 25000L of palm oil on daily basis.
(Tonnes) of Agriculture?
Are there any accident issues in the
Nil
present road?
What is the distance of nearest
hospital and how much time it
Maternity center is nearby, 10 minutes walking distance.
requires o reach the nearest hospital
through the present rural road?
What is the nearest
primary/secondary school to the
Primary school -10 minute walking; secondary school exist
community children and how much it
in next village. For higher studies people go outside.
takes to reach school?
Is there any incidence of wild animals
Till date no. Python exist inside the bushes along the
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ESIA/ESMP Report-
S.No
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
Issues Discussed
coming in the community or crosses
the rural road?
Is there any migratory route of wild
animal exists crossing or along the
rural road?
The project road may have certain
impacts on the farm lands belong to
community. Are you willing to give
land for the sake of the development?
The project road development may
require some loss of trees/ crops.
What is expectation for the same?
Does the project road will have facility
to the women group for their further
development? What is the
expectation of women from the
project road?
What is the nearest water resource to
the community?
What is the water supply facility?
Is there any pipe/tap water facility
available? (Y/N)
If No then who fetches water for the
family? Women group?
Is yes then how much they need to
travel to fetch water?
What is the view of women who
fetches the water for the community
through the rural road?
What is the duration of rainy season
and whether the present road is
accessible during the rainy season?
What do you envisage about the
possible impact of the project on
Environment, farm land and trees,
wild animal if any?
Do you anticipate any negative social
impact?
in JV with
Outcome
project road
No
All agreed
It may happen but for the sake of the road rehabilitation
and development all agreed.
Most of the time women group needs to carry their product
to the local market in their head. Situation becomes more
troublesome during rainy season. With the road
improvement such problem will be minimized.
The nearest water resource (stream) is 3 km away. Women
group fetches water for drinking and other purpose on their
head. The project road improvement will minimize such
problems.
It is not constant but varies between 4-8 months.
All are aware that there might be some environmental and
social impacts from the project but they will bear it for the
sake of the road.
SECL, Nigeria in JV with VSPL, India
| Page (A-9)
Federal Ministry of Agriculture and
Detailed engineering design, safeguards studies and Preparation
of bidding documents for prioritized 222.83km rural roads in osun state of Nigeria
Rural Development
ESIA/ESMP Report-
IDIROKO VILLAGE: Date of Consultation: 23.03.2012
Generic Questions and Discussions
1. What facility the rural road sections provide to the local community?

It help grows the community
2. How do you access the rural road and what are the mode of transport and their frequency/numbers?

Trucks and motorcycles, though not motor able during rainy season
3. Why there is a need for the development of rural road? / explain various benefits?

Improved living standard

Increased population

Access to other community
4. Average daily Traffic on the rural road at present? Cars_____Pick up____, Mini Bus_______bus___
Light Goods Vehicles ____,trucks ______

Trucks.

Pick up
5. What are the major crops and farm product in the area which the community takes through the rural
road to the local market?

Cocoa, Oil Palm, Kola nut, Cashew, Cassava and Yam
6. Where the nearest local market is and how much time it does take in average to reach to the local
market with the present condition of rural road?

Obajoko Market about 9.6 km
7. Any weekly markets along the road or near the road?

Obajoko market every 5days
8. Road widening will increase your production. Do you agree? If so how many times it will increase?

100%
9. How much is the present daily/Weekly/Monthly production (Tones) of Agriculture?

daily 2tones

weekly 14tones

monthly 56 tones
10. Are there any accident issues in the present road?

Motor cycle accident.
11. What is the distance of nearest hospital and how much time it requires o reach the nearest hospital
through the present rural road?

Idi-iroko maternity centre, about 6.4 km and about 30 minutes
12. What is the nearest primary/secondary school to the community children and how much it takes to
reach school?

Idi-iroko primary school- within the community walking distance
13. Is there any incidence of wild animals coming in the community or crosses the rural road?

No.
14. Is there any migratory route of wild animal exists crossing or along the rural road?

None.
in JV with
SECL, Nigeria in JV with VSPL, India
| Page (A-10)
Federal Ministry of Agriculture and
Detailed engineering design, safeguards studies and Preparation
of bidding documents for prioritized 222.83km rural roads in osun state of Nigeria
Rural Development
ESIA/ESMP Report-
15. The project road may have certain impacts on the farm lands belong to community. Are you willing to
give land for the sake of the development?

Yes, we will not mind because of its positive impact to the community
16. The project road development may require some loss of trees/ crops. What is expectation for the
same?

The community is expecting a Compensation to be paid.
17. Does the project road will have facility to the women group for their further development? What is the
expectation of women from the project road?

It will Increase sales and volume of farm produce.

It will Reduce stress of lab our and aide transportation problem
18. What is the nearest water resource to the community?

Eleranko river

River Osun
19. What is the water supply facility?

There is Borehole, but not working.

No any other source of water.
20. Is there any pipe/tap water facility available? (Y/N)

No.
21. If No then who fetches water for the family? Women group?

Yes
22. If yes, then how much they need to travel to fetch water?

About N100
23. What is the view of women who fetches the water for the community through the rural road?

Stressful

Wake up as early as 3am daily
24. What is the duration of rainy season and whether the present road is accessible during the rainy
season?

April-October
25. What do you envisage about the possible impact of the project on Environment, farm land and trees,
wild animal if any?

Yes, it will have positive impact- Increase productivity, sales, improve living standard, and it
will reduce the possibility of having wild animal due to easy accessible.
26. Do you anticipate any negative social impact?

Yes, it will increase insecurity
in JV with
SECL, Nigeria in JV with VSPL, India
| Page (A-11)
Federal Ministry of Agriculture and
Detailed engineering design, safeguards studies and Preparation
of bidding documents for prioritized 222.83km rural roads in osun state of Nigeria
Rural Development
ESIA/ESMP Report-
Cross section of rural dwellers during the public consultation in idiroko
in JV with
SECL, Nigeria in JV with VSPL, India
| Page (A-12)
Federal Ministry of Agriculture and
Detailed engineering design, safeguards studies and Preparation
of bidding documents for prioritized 222.83km rural roads in osun state of Nigeria
Rural Development
ESIA/ESMP Report-
in JV with
SECL, Nigeria in JV with VSPL, India
| Page (A-13)
Federal Ministry of Agriculture and
Detailed engineering design, safeguards studies and Preparation
of bidding documents for prioritized 222.83km rural roads in osun state of Nigeria
Rural Development
ESIA/ESMP Report-
ELEKU TOWN
Generic Questions and Discussions
1. What facility the rural road sections provide to the local community?

It will improved the means of transportation
2. How do you access the rural road and what are the mode of transport and their frequency/numbers?

Trucks, cars, buses, motorcycles and its goes at lease 2-3 times in a day.
3. Why there is a need for the development of rural road? /Explain various benefits?

It will increases population growth.

It will increase production in farm produce.

It will improve sales.
4. Average daily Traffic on the rural road at present?

Cars, Pick up, Mini Bus and Trucks
5. What are the major crops and farm product in the area which the community takes through the rural
road to the local market?

Oil palm, Plantain, Cashew, kola nut and Cocoa.
6. Where the nearest local market is and how much time it does take in average to reach to the local
market with the present condition of rural road?

Bode Osi market, and its takes about 20 minutes, and the distance is about 5kms.
7. Any weekly markets along the road or near the road?

Yes, Bode Osi market is along the road.
8. Road widening will increase your production. Do you agree? If so how many times it will increase?

Yes, greatly
9. How much is the present daily/Weekly/Monthly production (Tones) of Agriculture?

2 tones Daily

14 tones Weekly

56 tones Monthly
10. Are there any accident issues in the present road?

Yes
11. What is the distance of nearest hospital and how much time it requires to reach the nearest hospital
through the present rural road?

About 6km to Bode Osi hospital and it will take about 30minutes
12. What is the nearest primary/secondary school to the community children and how much it takes to
reach school?

The nearest primary/secondary school is at Bode Osi primary school, and takes about 25
minutes to reach the school.
13. Is there any incidence of wild animals coming in the community or crosses the rural road?

No.
14. Is there any migratory route of wild animal exists crossing or along the rural road?

None.
15. The project road may have certain impacts on the farm lands belong to community. Are you willing to
give land for the sake of the development?
in JV with
SECL, Nigeria in JV with VSPL, India
| Page (A-14)
Federal Ministry of Agriculture and
Detailed engineering design, safeguards studies and Preparation
of bidding documents for prioritized 222.83km rural roads in osun state of Nigeria
Rural Development
ESIA/ESMP Report-

Yes.
16. The project road development may require some loss of trees/ crops. What is expectation for the
same?

The community is expecting a Compensation to be paid.
17. Does the project road will have facility to the women group for their further development? What is the
expectation of women from the project road?

Yes, the women are expecting the project to ease their work.
18. What is the nearest water resource to the community?

Nearest water source is at Arinokore river.
19. What is the water supply facility?

Boreholes that are within the community
20. Is there any pipe/tap water facility available? (Y/N)

No, there is no any pipe/tap water facility available.
21. If No, then who fetches water for the family? Women group?

Yes, the women group fetches the water.
22. Is yes then how much they need to travel to fetch water?

Yes, the needs about N100 travel in order to fetch the water.
23. What is the view of women who fetches the water for the community through the rural road?

It is very stressful.
24. What is the duration of rainy season and whether the present road is accessible during the rainy
season?

The duration is about seven months (7 months), which usual start from April – October and
the road is not accessible, because of lack of drainage.
25. What do you envisage about the possible impact of the project on Environment, farm land and trees,
wild animal if any?

Yes, it will have positive impact- Increase productivity, sales, improve living standard, and it
will reduce the possibility of having wild animal due to easy accessibility.
26. Do you anticipate any negative social impact?

Yes, it will increase insecurity and theft
Cross Section of Participants during the consultation in Eleku
in JV with
SECL, Nigeria in JV with VSPL, India
| Page (A-15)
Federal Ministry of Agriculture and
Detailed engineering design, safeguards studies and Preparation
of bidding documents for prioritized 222.83km rural roads in osun state of Nigeria
Rural Development
ESIA/ESMP Report-
in JV with
SECL, Nigeria in JV with VSPL, India
| Page (A-16)
Federal Ministry of Agriculture and
Detailed engineering design, safeguards studies and Preparation
of bidding documents for prioritized 222.83km rural roads in osun state of Nigeria
Rural Development
ESIA/ESMP Report-
ODOGBO
Generic Questions and Discussions
1. What facility the rural road sections provide to the local community?

It provides a means of transportation to the community.
2. How do you access the rural road and what are the mode of transport and their frequency/numbers.

Through motorcycles and the mode of transportation are Buses, Cars and Trucks and it
frequent about 2-3 times a day.
3. Why there is a need for the development of rural road? /Explain various benefits?

If the rural road is good it will increase development, production, livelihood and population
growth.
4. Average daily Traffic on the rural road at present? Cars_____, Pick up ______, Mini Bus_____, Bus
_____, Light Goods vehicles _______, Trucks _______

Motorcycles and Trucks.
5. What are the major crops and farm product in the area which the community takes through the rural
road to the local market?

Kola nut, cocoa, maize and oil
6. Where the nearest local market is and how much time it does take in average to reach to the local
market with the present condition of rural road?

Ajido market- 1 hour by ride

3 hours by walk
7. Any weekly markets along the road or near the road?

Yes, Ajido market and Itapa market
8. Road widening will increase your production. Do you agree? If so how many times it will increase?

Yes, more than 100%
9. How much is the present daily/Weekly/Monthly production (Tonnes) of Agriculture?

N1,000 per day

N6,000 per week

N24,000 per month
10. Are there any accident issues in the present road?

Yes
11. What is the distance of nearest hospital and how much time it requires to reach the nearest hospital
through the present rural road?

Is a trek able within the community-Odogbo and it will take about 10 minutes to reach the
hospital
12. What is the nearest primary/secondary school to the community children and how much it takes to
reach school?

Yes 10min. walk
13. Is there any incidence of wild animals coming in the community or crosses the rural road?

No
14. Is there any migratory route of wild animal exists crossing or along the rural road?

No
in JV with
SECL, Nigeria in JV with VSPL, India
| Page (A-17)
Federal Ministry of Agriculture and
Detailed engineering design, safeguards studies and Preparation
of bidding documents for prioritized 222.83km rural roads in osun state of Nigeria
Rural Development
ESIA/ESMP Report-
15. The project road may have certain impacts on the farm lands belong to community. Are you willing to
give land for the sake of the development?

Yes, we are willing
16. The project road development may require some loss of trees/ crops. What is expectation for the
same?

Since, it is our desire will bring development then we don’t need or expect anything.
17. Does the project road will have facility to the women group for their further development? What is the
expectation of women from the project road?

Yes, the project should be executed as quick as possible since it will access more places and
it will aid the transporting the farm produce.
18. What is the nearest water resource to the community?

River Osun
19. What is the water supply facility?

Borehole
20. Is there any pipe/tap water facility available? (Y/N)

No.
21. If No then who fetches water for the family? Women group?

Yes, Women group.
22. If yes then how much they need to travel to fetch water?

A trek able distance about 3km away from the village.
23. What is the view of women who fetches the water for the community through the rural road?

It is stressful due to the nature of area.
24. What is the duration of rainy season and whether the present road is accessible during the rainy
season?

Seven month, from April – November and some area are not accessible.
25. What do you envisage about the possible impact of the project on Environment, farm land and trees,
wild animal if any?

Loss of farm land, tress and endangered species.
26. Do you anticipate any negative social impact?

No
in JV with
SECL, Nigeria in JV with VSPL, India
| Page (A-18)
Federal Ministry of Agriculture and
Detailed engineering design, safeguards studies and Preparation
of bidding documents for prioritized 222.83km rural roads in osun state of Nigeria
Rural Development
ESIA/ESMP Report-
Cross section of local villager at Odogbo during the public consultation
in JV with
SECL, Nigeria in JV with VSPL, India
| Page (A-19)
Federal Ministry of Agriculture and
Detailed engineering design, safeguards studies and Preparation
of bidding documents for prioritized 222.83km rural roads in osun state of Nigeria
Rural Development
ESIA/ESMP Report-
ELERU TOWN
Generic Questions and Discussions
1. What facility the rural road sections provide to the local community?

It will help the community to reach other places on time.
2. How do you access the rural road and what are the mode of transport and their frequency/numbers?

Motorcycle, trucks, cars, and buses
3. Why there is a need for the development of rural road? /Explain various benefits?

The rural road will enhance the development of the community, such as population,
production in farm produce, and also the sales of the products.
4. Average daily Traffic on the rural road at present? Cars _____, Pick up_____, Mini Bus _____, Bus
_____, Light Goods Vehicles ______, Trucks?

Cars, Pick up, Mini bus and Trucks.
5. What are the major crops and farm product in the area which the community takes through the rural
road to the local market?

Palm oil, cashew, plantain, cocoa, kola nut and yam, etc.
6. Where the nearest local market is and how much time it does take in average to reach to the local
market with the present condition of rural road?

Is located at Bode-Osi market, it takes about 30 minutes to reach the market with motorcycle
which is 40 km away from the village.
7. Any weekly markets along the road or near the road?

Yes, there is one which is located at Bode- Osi and opens every 5 days.
8. Road widening will increase your production. Do you agree? If so how many times it will increase?

Yes, immensely
9. How much is the present daily/Weekly/Monthly production (Tones) of Agriculture?

(10* 25 liters jar can ) of Palm oil is produce per day (250 liters)

7 *(10* 25 liters jar can) of palm oil is produce per week (1750 liters)

4*(7*10* 25 liters jar can) of palm oil produce per month (7000 liters)
10. Are there any accident issues in the present road?

yes
11. What is the distance of nearest hospital and how much time it requires o reach the nearest hospital
through the present rural road?

The nearest hospital is located at Agoro maternity centre, which is about 3km and it will takes
20minutes.
12. What is the nearest primary/secondary school to the community children and how much it takes to
reach school?

The nearest Primary/secondary school is at Bode Osi community and its takes about
35minutes to reach the school.
13. Is there any incidence of wild animals coming in the community or crosses the rural road?

No.
14. Is there any migratory route of wild animal exists crossing or along the rural road?

None.
in JV with
SECL, Nigeria in JV with VSPL, India
| Page (A-20)
Federal Ministry of Agriculture and
Detailed engineering design, safeguards studies and Preparation
of bidding documents for prioritized 222.83km rural roads in osun state of Nigeria
Rural Development
ESIA/ESMP Report-
15. The project road may have certain impacts on the farm lands belong to community. Are you willing to
give land for the sake of the development?

Yes, because once the project is done it will help us to take our product to the market and
sale the product very easy.
16. The project road development may require some loss of trees/ crops. What is expectation for the
same?

No, we don’t have any expectation.
17. Does the project road will have facility to the women group for their further development? What is the
expectation of women from the project road?

Yes, our expectation is that it will improve our production and sales.
18. What is the nearest water resource to the community?

The nearest water source is at Arinokore river.
19. What is the water supply facility?

Boreholes that are within the community.
20. Is there any pipe/tap water facility available? (Y/N)

No.
21. If No then who fetches water for the family? Women group?

Yes, the women group fetches the water.
22. Is yes then how much they need to travel to fetch water?

They need around N100 to travel.
23. What is the view of women who fetches the water for the community through the rural road?

It is very stressful.
24. What is the duration of rainy season and whether the present road is accessible during the rainy
season?

It takes about seven month (7 month), which is usually from April – October and it is not
accessible to some extent during rainy season.
25. What do you envisage about the possible impact of the project on Environment, farm land and trees,
wild animal if any?
26. Do you anticipate any negative social impact?

No, but it will only increase theft and insecurity, because of smoothness of the road.
Photographs of the public consultation
Cross section of participants during the consultation Eleru
in JV with
SECL, Nigeria in JV with VSPL, India
| Page (A-21)
Federal Ministry of Agriculture and
Detailed engineering design, safeguards studies and Preparation
of bidding documents for prioritized 222.83km rural roads in osun state of Nigeria
Rural Development
ESIA/ESMP Report-
in JV with
SECL, Nigeria in JV with VSPL, India
| Page (A-22)
Federal Ministry of Agriculture and
Detailed engineering design, safeguards studies and Preparation
of bidding documents for prioritized 222.83km rural roads in osun state of Nigeria
Rural Development
ESIA/ESMP Report-
OSI TOWN
Generic Questions and Discussions
1. What facility the rural road sections provide to the local community?
It will boost the economy of the community
2. How do you access the rural road and what are the mode of transport and their frequency/numbers.
The road is accessible through motor vehicles, such as Cars, motorcycles, trucks, buses and
etc.
3. Why there is a need for the development of rural road? /Explain various benefits?
Because it will wield a positive impact, such as economy, population, productivity and so on.
4. Average daily Traffic on the rural road at present? Cars _____, Pick up_____, Mini Bus _____, Bus
_____, Light Goods Vehicles ______, Trucks?
Motorcycle and Trucks
5. What are the major crops and farm product in the area which the community takes through the rural
road to the local market?
Cocoa, cashew, kola nut, palm oil, plantain, banana, breadfruit
6. Where the nearest local market is and how much time it does take in average to reach to the local
market with the present condition of rural road?
Osi – sooko market is the clothes, and it will take 20 minutes for an average to reach the
market.
7. Any weekly markets along the road or near the road?
Yes, there is one at Osi – sooko market every five days
8. Road widening will increase your production. Do you agree? If so how many times it will increase?
Yes, immensely
9. How much is the present daily/Weekly/Monthly production (Tones) of Agriculture?
2 tones daily
14 tones weekly
56 tones monthly
10. Are there any accident issues in the present road?
Yes, especially during rainy season
11. What are the distance of nearest hospital and how much time it requires o reach the nearest hospital
through the present rural road?
Is about 7 km which is at Osi – sooko health centre and almost 40 minutes by work
12. What is the nearest primary/secondary school to the community children and how much it takes to
reach school?
The nearest primary/secondary schools are Christ Anglican primary school, RCM primary
school, Osun community high school.
13. Is there any incidence of wild animals coming in the community or crosses the rural road?
No.
14. Is there any migratory route of wild animal exists crossing or along the rural road?
No.
15. The project road may have certain impacts on the farm lands belong to community. Are you willing to
give land for the sake of the development?
in JV with
SECL, Nigeria in JV with VSPL, India
| Page (A-23)
Federal Ministry of Agriculture and
Detailed engineering design, safeguards studies and Preparation
of bidding documents for prioritized 222.83km rural roads in osun state of Nigeria
Rural Development
ESIA/ESMP Report-
Yes, because it is our desire to see the development of our community.
16. The project road development may require some loss of trees/ crops. What is expectation for the
same?
None.
17. Does the project road will have facility to the women group for their further development? What is the
expectation of women from the project road?
Yes, it has the facility to improve the women group; it will boost the socio-economic activities
in the village.
18. What is the nearest water resource to the community?
River Osi
19. What is the water supply facility?
None.
20. Is there any pipe/tap water facility available? (Y/N)
No.
21. If No then who fetches water for the family? Women group?
Yes, Women group.
22. Is yes then how much they need to travel to fetch water?
N80 to travel
23. What is the view of women who fetches the water for the community through the rural road?
It is very stressful, and they need another source like borehole
24. What is the duration of rainy season and whether the present road is accessible during the rainy
season?
Seven month (7 month) which is usually from April – October no is not accessible.
25. What do you envisage about the possible impact of the project on Environment, farm land and trees,
wild animal if any?
Increase development and improved sale on farm land produce.
26. Do you anticipate any negative social impact?
It will increase insecurity and theft
Photographs of public consultation taken.
Participants during the consultation at Osi community
in JV with
SECL, Nigeria in JV with VSPL, India
| Page (A-24)
Federal Ministry of Agriculture and
Detailed engineering design, safeguards studies and Preparation
of bidding documents for prioritized 222.83km rural roads in osun state of Nigeria
Rural Development
ESIA/ESMP Report-
in JV with
SECL, Nigeria in JV with VSPL, India
| Page (A-25)
Federal Ministry of Agriculture and
Detailed engineering design, safeguards studies and Preparation
of bidding documents for prioritized 222.83km rural roads in osun state of Nigeria
Rural Development
ESIA/ESMP Report-
AJAGUNLASE
Generic Questions and Discussions
1. What facility the rural road sections provide to the local community?
It will improve the transportation
2. How do you access the rural road and what are the mode of transport and their frequency/numbers?
Through cars, trucks and motorcycle
3. Why there is a need for the development of rural road? /Explain various benefits?
It will give good access road that will improve our living standard and increase our productivity
4. Average daily Traffic on the rural road at present? Cars___, Pick up____, Mini Bus____, Light Goods
Vehicles____, Truck____
All the means are used in this area.
5. What are the major crops and farm product in the area which the community takes through the rural
road to the local market?
Oil palm, cocoa, orange, cashew
6. Where the nearest local market is and how much time it does take in average to reach to the local
market with the present condition of rural road?
Ajagunlase market and is within the community
7. Any weekly markets along the road or near the road?
Ajagunlase market is once in a week
8. Road widening will increase your production. Do you agree? If so how many times it will increase?
Yes, it will double the productivity
9. How much is the present daily/Weekly/Monthly production (Tonnes) of Agriculture?
Daily 6 tones,
Weekly 42 tones
Monthly 168 tones
10. Are there any accident issues in the present road?
Yes.
11. What is the distance of nearest hospital and how much time it requires o reach the nearest hospital
through the present rural road?
About 25-30 km at Iwo general hospital, by vehicle it’s about 30 minutes.
12. What is the nearest primary/secondary school to the community children and how much it takes to
reach school?
D .C. School, Ajagunlase 1km by walk 7 minutes
13. Is there any incidence of wild animals coming in the community or crosses the rural road?
No.
14. Is there any migratory route of wild animal exists crossing or along the rural road?
No.
15. The project road may have certain impacts on the farm lands belong to community. Are you willing to
give land for the sake of the development?
Yes.
16. The project road development may require some loss of trees/ crops. What is expectation for the
same?
in JV with
SECL, Nigeria in JV with VSPL, India
| Page (A-26)
Federal Ministry of Agriculture and
Detailed engineering design, safeguards studies and Preparation
of bidding documents for prioritized 222.83km rural roads in osun state of Nigeria
Rural Development
ESIA/ESMP Report-
No.
17. Does the project road will have facility to the women group for their further development? What is the
expectation of women from the project road?
Yes.
18. What is the nearest water resource to the community?
River Osun
19. What is the water supply facility?
River Osun
20. Is there any pipe/tap water facility available? (Y/N)
No.
21. If No then who fetches water for the family? Women group?
Yes, women group
22. If yes, then how much they need to travel to fetch water?
About N70, and very far to fetch water
23. What is the view of women who fetches the water for the community through the rural road?
It stressful going through 2km
24. What is the duration of rainy season and whether the present road is accessible during the rainy
season?
The duration is seven month, from April – October, the road is not accessible.
25. What do you envisage about the possible impact of the project on Environment, farm land and trees,
wild animal if any?
For the animals some will move further
In terms of lands and trees the area will be de vegetated
26. Do you anticipate any negative social impact?
Insecurity
Theft, it will bring more immigrants.
Participants during the consultation at Ajagunlase
in JV with
SECL, Nigeria in JV with VSPL, India
| Page (A-27)
Federal Ministry of Agriculture and
Detailed engineering design, safeguards studies and Preparation
of bidding documents for prioritized 222.83km rural roads in osun state of Nigeria
Rural Development
ESIA/ESMP Report-
in JV with
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Federal Ministry of Agriculture and
Detailed engineering design, safeguards studies and Preparation
of bidding documents for prioritized 222.83km rural roads in osun state of Nigeria
Rural Development
ESIA/ESMP Report-
IRA VILLAGE
Generic Questions and Discussions
1. What facility the rural road sections provide to the local community?
Farming and trading
2. How do you access the rural road and what are the mode of transport and their
frequency/numbers?
By walking and by bus to the local market
3. Why there is a need for the development of rural road? /Explain various benefits?
It will bring up the town to lime light and population and economic increase.
It will improve the standard of living.
It will encourage youth to go back to farming for more yield
It will retain the movement of youth to urban region in search for white collar job.
4. Average daily Traffic on the rural road at present?
Motor cycle
5. What are the major crops and farm product in the area which the community takes through the rural
road to the local market?
Cocoa, kola nut, plantain, banana, orange, cashew, cassava and oil palm plantations.
6. Where the nearest local market is and how much time it does take in average to reach to the local
market with the present condition of rural road?
Obada market ,5 hours by foot
Saturday market
7. Any weekly markets along the road or near the road?
Elewe market Mon and wed.
Ipetu market Thursday
Owena market every five days
8. Road widening will increase your production. Do you agree? If so how many times it will increase?
Yes, it will increase production for almost twice
9. How much is the present daily/Weekly/Monthly production (Tonnes) of Agriculture?
Daily – 2tonnes
Weekly 14tonnes
Monthly –56 tonnes
10. Are there any accident issues in the present road?
No. because it is not motor able
11. What are the distance of nearest hospital and how much time it requires o reach the nearest
hospital through the present rural road?
8km to the nearest hospital (State comprehensive health center)
12. What is the nearest primary/secondary school to the community children and how much it takes to
reach school?
For the settler nearby, it takes up to 16km to and fro to the primary and secondary school.
13. Is there any incidence of wild animals coming in the community or crosses the rural road?
None.
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Federal Ministry of Agriculture and
Detailed engineering design, safeguards studies and Preparation
of bidding documents for prioritized 222.83km rural roads in osun state of Nigeria
Rural Development
ESIA/ESMP Report-
14. Is there any migratory route of wild animal exists crossing or along the rural road?
No.
15. The project road may have certain impacts on the farm lands belong to community. Are you willing
to give land for the sake of the development?
Yes, we are willing, since it will improve our income and living standard.
16. The project road development may require some loss of trees/ crops. What is expectation for the
same?
No expectation, since it is the need of the community.
17. Does the project road will have facility to the women group for their further development? What is
the expectation of women from the project road?
Most women are farmer traders and as such, it will increase sales and better livelihood
18. What is the nearest water resource to the community?
Oni oke
Afin toto
19. What is the water supply facility?
Osun state water corporation
Borehole 1 unit
20. Is there any pipe/tap water facility available? (Y/N)
Yes, in the community, but the rural settler near the road do not have
21. If No then who fetches water for the family? Women group?
Women group
22. If yes then how much they need to travel to fetch water?
600m to 1km to the stream
23. What is the view of women who fetches the water for the community through the rural road?
It is tedious and stressful
24. What is the duration of rainy season and whether the present road is accessible during the rainy
season?
Raining season April to October
It is not accessible during raining season
25. What do you envisage about the possible impact of the project on Environment, farm land and
trees, wild animal if any?
The propose road design will access a few farm land
26. Do you anticipate any negative social impact?
Increase people movement into the community
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Federal Ministry of Agriculture and
Detailed engineering design, safeguards studies and Preparation
of bidding documents for prioritized 222.83km rural roads in osun state of Nigeria
Rural Development
ESIA/ESMP Report-
PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN ON CONSULTION IN IRA
in JV with
SECL, Nigeria in JV with VSPL, India
| Page (A-31)
Federal Ministry of Agriculture and
Detailed engineering design, safeguards studies and Preparation
of bidding documents for prioritized 222.83km rural roads in osun state of Nigeria
Rural Development
ESIA/ESMP Report-
in JV with
SECL, Nigeria in JV with VSPL, India
| Page (A-32)
Federal Ministry of Agriculture and
Detailed engineering design, safeguards studies and Preparation
of bidding documents for prioritized 222.83km rural roads in osun state of Nigeria
Rural Development
ESIA/ESMP Report-
Owode village
Generic Questions and Discussions
1. What facility the rural road sections provide to the local community?
It will increase the economy of the community
2. How do you access the rural road and what are the mode of transport and their frequency/numbers.
The road is accessible through motor vehicles, such as Cars, motorcycles, trucks, buses and
etc.
3. Why there is a need for the development of rural road? /Explain various benefits?
Because it will wield a positive impact, such as economy, population, productivity and so on.
4. Average daily Traffic on the rural road at present? Cars _____, Pick up_____, Mini Bus _____, Bus
_____, Light Goods Vehicles ______, Trucks?
Motorcycle and Trucks
5. What are the major crops and farm product in the area which the community takes through the rural
road to the local market?
Cocoa, cashew, kola nut, palm oil, plantain, banana, breadfruit
6. Where the nearest local market is and how much time it does take in average to reach to the local
market with the present condition of rural road?
Osi – sooko market is the closest, and it takes 15 minutes for an average to reach the market.
7. Any weekly markets along the road or near the road?
Yes, there is one at Osi – sooko market every five days
8. Road widening will increase your production. Do you agree? If so how many times it will increase?
Yes, immensely
9. How much is the present daily/Weekly/Monthly production (Tones) of Agriculture?
1 tones daily
7 tones weekly
28 tones monthly
10. Are there any accident issues in the present road?
Yes, especially during rainy season
11. What are the distance of nearest hospital and how much time it requires o reach the nearest hospital
through the present rural road?
Is about 5 km which is at Osi – sooko health centre and almost 40 minutes by walk.
12. What is the nearest primary/secondary school to the community children and how much it takes to
reach school?
The nearest primary/secondary schools are Christ Anglican primary school, RCM primary
school, Osun community high school.
13. Is there any incidence of wild animals coming in the community or crosses the rural road?
No.
14. Is there any migratory route of wild animal exists crossing or along the rural road?
No.
15. The project road may have certain impacts on the farm lands belong to community. Are you willing to
give land for the sake of the development?
Yes, because it is our desire to see the development of our community.
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Federal Ministry of Agriculture and
Detailed engineering design, safeguards studies and Preparation
of bidding documents for prioritized 222.83km rural roads in osun state of Nigeria
Rural Development
ESIA/ESMP Report-
16. The project road development may require some loss of trees/ crops. What is expectation for the
same?
None.
17. Does the project road will have facility to the women group for their further development? What is the
expectation of women from the project road?
Yes, it has the facility to improve the women group; it will boost the socio-economic activities
in the village.
18. What is the nearest water resource to the community?
River Osi
19. What is the water supply facility?
None.
20. Is there any pipe/tap water facility available? (Y/N)
No.
21. If No then who fetches water for the family? Women group?
Yes, Women group.
22. Is yes then how much they need to travel to fetch water?
N80 to travel
23. What do you envisage about the possible impact of the project on Environment, farm land and trees,
wild animal if any?
Increase development and improved sale on farm land produce.
24. Do you anticipate any negative social impact?
No
25. It will increase insecurity and theft what do you envisage about the possible impact of the project on
Environment, farm land and trees, wild animal if any?
The propose road design will access a few farm land
26. Do you anticipate any negative social impact?
Increase people movement into the community
Photographs of public consultation
in JV with
SECL, Nigeria in JV with VSPL, India
| Page (A-34)
Federal Ministry of Agriculture and
Detailed engineering design, safeguards studies and Preparation
of bidding documents for prioritized 222.83km rural roads in osun state of Nigeria
Rural Development
ESIA/ESMP Report-
Generic Questions and Discussions (in Shasha Native reserve forest)-Target group forest
rangers/forest officers and local timber traders.
1. What facility do you anticipate the proposed development of rural road will give?
Forest Ranger/Forest Officer’s view:
Local timber traders view: Increased Production
2. Are there any existing poaching practices in the project area/reserve forest area?

No
3. Do you anticipate any increase in poaching activities with the betterment of road?

No, because it is controlled
4. What economic benefit do the timber traders anticipate from the proposed development (in terms of
production, transportation in US$/Naira per year)

Increase in logs produced day by day

Extended life of operational trucks

Reduction in the cost of logs
5. Do you anticipate any negative environmental and social Impact?

Increased accident rate as vehicle may increase speed

Increased spread of disease
6. Is there any rare/endangered tree species in the area along the road corridor?

None
7. IS there any endangered or rare wild animal species exist in the reserve forest?

None
8. Is any wild animal cross the project corridor? If yes please name them.

Buffalo

Guinea Pigs

Pythons

etc.
9. Whether any migratory wild animal route exists along/across the project corridor (e.g. elephant
etc.).

Any Route in the forest
10. Is there any incidence of accident of wild animal with the timber logging vehicles in the project
road within the reserve forest?
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Federal Ministry of Agriculture and
Detailed engineering design, safeguards studies and Preparation
of bidding documents for prioritized 222.83km rural roads in osun state of Nigeria
Rural Development
ESIA/ESMP Report-
ARAROMI AKE AREA
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Federal Ministry of Agriculture and
Detailed engineering design, safeguards studies and Preparation
of bidding documents for prioritized 222.83km rural roads in osun state of Nigeria
Rural Development
ESIA/ESMP Report-
Generic Questions and Discussions (in a local market total 1 consultation)
1. What facility do you anticipate the proposed development of rural road will give?

It will bring faster mean of transportation of good and crops from villages to towns
2. Road improvement will increase production of farm products in the local market. Do you agree? If so
how many times it will increase?

About 10 times than the current time
3. If production increases supply of products will increase. Will this reduce the prices of farm products?
 yes
S.No
Farm Products
Present price (100 kg in Naira)
1
Yam
These are sold based on local measure
2
Coco
3
Banana
4
Cucumber
5
Palm Oil
Anticipated price (100 kg in
Naira)
It’s usually processed and sold in local
measure
Bunches cost a little N100 -N200. Cost of
bunch
Per litter at N800 For 25litter
….
….
….
4. Do you anticipate any negative environmental and Social Impact from the proposed road
development?

No
5. Will the proposed development of the road increase/decrease the dependency of the local people on
weekly market?
 It will boast the production capacity of the area
Photographs to be taken:
Ground nut and ground nut oils display in one of the market
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Federal Ministry of Agriculture and
Detailed engineering design, safeguards studies and Preparation
of bidding documents for prioritized 222.83km rural roads in osun state of Nigeria
Rural Development
ESIA/ESMP Report-
Product displayed at the local market in region
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Federal Ministry of Agriculture and
Detailed engineering design, safeguards studies and Preparation
of bidding documents for prioritized 222.83km rural roads in osun state of Nigeria
Rural Development
ESIA/ESMP Report-
Annexure 6.1: Census Questionnaire
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Federal Ministry of Agriculture and
Detailed engineering design, safeguards studies and Preparation
of bidding documents for prioritized 222.83km rural roads in osun state of Nigeria
Rural Development
ESIA/ESMP Report-
in JV with
SECL, Nigeria in JV with VSPL, India
| Page (A-40)
Federal Ministry of Agriculture and
Detailed engineering design, safeguards studies and Preparation
of bidding documents for prioritized 222.83km rural roads in osun state of Nigeria
Rural Development
ESIA/ESMP Report-
in JV with
SECL, Nigeria in JV with VSPL, India
| Page (A-41)