APES Unit Test: Weather, Climate and Pollution
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Which of the following is NOT a greenhouse gas?
a. Water vapor
b. Carbon dioxide
c. Oxygen
d. Methane
e. Chlorofluorocarbons
Which of the following statements is most accurate?
a. Ozone near the surface of the Earth protects us from UV rays.
b. Ozone in the stratosphere protects us from harmful radiation from the sun
c. Exposure to ozone increases one’s risk of skin cancer
d. Ozone is added to the atmosphere by burning fossil fuels
e. Ozone can form in the deep oceans.
What did the Kyoto Protocol propose to regulate?
a. The emissions of greenhouse gases
b. Ozone depletion
c. Loss of biological habitat
d. Aid to developing countries
e. Use of natural resources
What term describes a species in imminent danger of disappearing forever?
a. Extinct
b. Endangered
c. Threatened
d. Invasive
e. Exotic
What role do chlorofluorocarbons play in the environment?
a. They add ozone to the troposphere
b. They add ozone to the stratosphere
c. They lead to the depletion of stratospheric ozone
d. The lead to the depletion of ground-level ozone
e. They no longer pose a threat to the environment.
Why will melting the ice sheets and glaciers on Earth raise temperatures even more?
a. The melt water will raise global sea levels
b. Snow reflects more heat than bare ground so more heat will be absorbed
c. Snow and ice absorb heat that leads to higher temperatures
d. The air will warm because there is less snow and ice
e. Climates will change
What is the greatest threat to terrestrial species?
a. Introduced species
b. Climate change
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c. Pollution
d. Overharvesting
e. Habitat destruction
Dust from construction sites, strip mines or soil erosion is an example of which type of air
pollution?
a. Primary pollutants
b. Secondary pollutants
c. Fugitive emission
d. Natural pollutants
e. Conventional pollutants
Which of the following is an extremely hazardous gas produced by the incomplete burning of
fossil fuels?
a. Ozone
b. Carbon dioxide
c. Lead
d. Nitrous oxide
e. Carbon monoxide
What is the chemical formula for ozone?
a. O
b. O2
c. O3
d. CO2
e. NH4
Which statement most accurately describes a temperature inversion?
a. A stable layer of warmer air over cooler air
b. An unstable layer of warm air over cooler air
c. A layer of cooler air over warmer air
d. A mixing of all the layers of the atmosphere
e. A layer of ozone concentrated in the stratosphere
Which of the following is an indoor air pollutant found in particle board, furniture, wallpaper
and carpeting?
a. Ozone
b. Nitrous oxide
c. Radon
d. Formaldehyde
e. MBTE
Runoff from construction sites is an example of which of the following?
a. Primary pollution
b. Secondary pollution
c. Fugitive emissions
d. Heat island
e. Tertiary sewage
14. Phasing out the use of CFC’s and reducing smog is covered under which of the following?
a. Clean water act
b. Safe drinking water act
c. Clean air act
d. Fugitive emissions act
e. Environmental protection agency
15. Which of the following is a point source of water pollution?
a. Smoke stack
b. Outflow pipe
c. Runoff from streams
d. Melt water
e. Soil erosion
16. Which of the following denotes atmospheric nitrogen?9
a. NO3
b. NH4
c. N2O
d. N2
e. NO2
17. The ozone layer is located in which layer of the atmosphere?10
a. Troposphere
b. Stratosphere
c. Mesosphere
d. Thermosphere
e. Exosphere
18. Which gases make up the majority of Earth’s atmosphere?11
a. Carbon dioxide and oxygen
b. Hydrogen and helium
c. Hydrogen and oxygen
d. Water vapor and carbon dioxide
e. Nitrogen and oxygen
19. Which of the following accounts for most of the NOx emissions in the United States? 21
a. Electric industries
b. Industrial sources
c. Processing of petroleum
d. Transportation
e. Chemical processing
20. Which of the following is a major component in acid rain? 22
a. Sulfur dioxide
b. Sulfur trioxide
c. Sulfuric acid
d. Nitrogen dioxide
e. Carbon dioxide
21. Which of the following is NOT true of particulate matter pollution?24
a. Particulate matter includes dust, ash, soot, lint, smoke, pollen, and spores.
b. Particulate matter is solid or liquid particles suspended in gas.
c. Particulate matter can directly enter the lungs, damaging lung tissue
d. Particulate matter is one of the least obvious forms of air pollution
e. Particulate matter can cause of promote cancer.
22. The pH scale is a measurement of the concentration of 27
a. H3O ions
b. H+ ions
c. NaOH
d. HCl
e. OH- ions
23. Long term exposure to radon gas can lead to 41
a. Dizziness
b. Headaches
c. Sick-building syndrome
d. Lung cancer
e. Fatigue
24. A weakening of the trade winds and a warming of the surface ocean waters may indicate which
of the following? 45
a. La Nina
b. El Nino
c. Rising sea levels
d. Global climate change
e. An increase in stratospheric ozone
25. How long is the average residence time of a molecule of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere? 46
a. 1 year
b. 10 years
c. 100 years
d. 1000 years
e. 10, 000 years
26. A rapid increase in CO2 in the atmosphere coincided with which of the following events? 47
a. The industrial revolution
b. The Kyoto Protocol
c. Thinning of the ozone layer
d. Invention of the automobile
e. Establishment of the EPA
27. Which of the following is currently the MOST significant source of methane? 52
a. Cultivation of rice
b. Wastewater management
c. Coal mining
d. Natural gas processing
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e. Landfills
Which layer of the atmosphere contains nearly all of the atmospheric ozone? 53
a. Troposphere
b. Stratosphere
c. Mesosphere
d. Mesopause
e. Thermosphere
A La Nina event will bring warm winters to which part of the United States? 54
a. Northeast
b. South
c. Northwest
d. Southeast
e. Midwest
How much warmer is the Earth today than it was during the last Ice Age? 58
a. 1-3 degrees F
b. 5-9 degrees F
c. 12-15 degrees F
d. 20-25 degrees F
e. 35 degrees F
What would be the average temperature on Earth if the Green house effect did not exist? 60
a. O degrees F
b. 25 degrees F
c. 65 degrees F
d. 100 degrees F
e. 135 degrees F
Which of the following would be a result of higher temperatures on Earth? 61
a. A decrease in precipitation worldwide
b. An increase in precipitation worldwide
c. A decrease in precipitation at lower latitudes and an increase in precipitation at higher
latitudes.
d. An increase in precipitation at lower latitudes and a decrease in precipitation at higher
latitudes.
e. An increase in evaporation worldwide but the precipitation rates would not change.
Which of the following molecules is most damaging to “good” ozone levels?
a. H2O
b. CO2
c. Chlorofluorocarbons
d. N2O
e. SO2
Which of the following best describes the effects of a thermal inversion?
a. Cold ocean water moves to the surface and warm water sinks
b. Warm polluted air rises and mixes with cool upper air and pollution escapes
c. Warm river water cools when it enters the ocean
d. Polluted air at the surface cannot rise because it is blocked by warm air above it.
e. Cool air descends onto a city and lowers nighttime temperatures
35. During El Nino –Southern Oscillation, weather events change in which of the following areas?
a. The Pacific and Indian Oceans
b. The Atlantic and Indian Oceans
c. The Arctic Sea
d. The Indian and Antarctic Oceans
e. The Atlantic and Pacific Oceans