Electronic Supplementary Material
RSPB-2012-0857 – Reconstructing Past Species Assemblages Reveals the Changing
Patterns and Drivers of Extinction Through Time
Lindell Bromham, Robert Lanfear, Phillip Cassey, Gillian Gibb, Marcel Cardillo
Table S2
Taxonomic distribution of extinct and threatened species. For each family, the table shows the total number of spec
species for E4) expected under null models, and the observed number of extinct or threatened species. P is the proportio
the observed value; p-values in the extreme lower (p <= 0.025) or upper (p>=0.975) tails are in bold. In the Pre-human
(penguins) and Pelagornithidae (seabirds) had more extinct species than expected. In the Post-Polynesian period (E2), th
(ducks), Aptornithidae (adzebills), Corvidae (crows), Rallidae (rails), Dinornithidae and Emeidae (moas) suffered disprop
period (E3), the families with higher than expected extinctions were the Acanthisittidae (NZ wrens), Scolopacidae (sandp
(piopios). In the modern period (E4), the threatened species are non-randomly distributed across families, with the Apter
Psittacidae (parrots) having more threatened species than expected, but fewer than expected threatened species in the M
(honeyeaters) and Petroicidae (robins).
Historical period
Family
Acanthisittidae
Acanthizidae
Accipitridae
Aegothelidae
Alcedinidae
Anatidae
Apodidae
Apterygidae
Aptornithidae
Ardeidae
Callaeidae
Charadriidae
Columbidae
Corvidae
Cuculidae
Dinornithidae
Diomedeidae
Emeidae
Falconidae
Haematopodidae
E1
E2
p
E3
total
expected
observed
total
expected
observed
10
2
3
2
1
23
1
6
2
3
6
6
3
3
2
2
13
8
1
3
0.71
0.15
0.21
0.14
0.07
1.62
0.07
0.43
0.14
0.21
0.44
0.42
0.22
0.22
0.15
0.14
0.93
0.57
0.07
0.22
0
0
0
1
0
6
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.24
0.43
0.40
0.93
0.47
1.00
0.96
0.32
0.43
0.40
0.32
0.32
0.89
0.40
0.43
0.43
0.18
0.28
0.46
0.40
10
2
3
1
1
17
0.80
0.17
0.25
0.08
0.08
1.34
1
0
2
1
0
8
0.62
0.42
0.99
0.96
0.46
1.00
p
total
expected
9
2
1
0.72
0.16
0.08
1
10
0.08
0.80
6
2
3
6
6
2
3
2
2
13
8
1
3
0.49
0.16
0.24
0.48
0.48
0.16
0.24
0.16
0.16
1.03
0.64
0.08
0.24
0
2
0
0
0
0
3
0
2
0
8
0
0
0.30
1.00
0.39
0.30
0.30
0.42
1.00
0.42
1.00
0.16
1.00
0.46
0.39
6
0.48
5
6
8
2
0.41
0.49
0.65
0.16
2
0.17
13
1.02
0.36
0.39
0.30
0.30
0.36
0.39
1
3
1
4
3
6
6
4
3
0.08
0.25
0.08
0.33
0.25
0.49
0.48
0.32
0.25
4
3
6
6
4
3
2
5
9
12
1
3
0.29
0.21
0.43
0.44
0.29
0.22
0.14
0.36
0.65
0.86
0.07
0.22
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
0.37
0.40
0.32
0.32
0.37
0.40
1.00
0.82
0.25
0.20
0.47
0.40
4
3
6
6
4
3
0.32
0.24
0.49
0.49
0.32
0.24
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
9
12
1
3
0.32
0.73
0.96
0.08
0.25
0
0
0
0
0
0.36
0.23
0.18
0.46
0.39
4
9
12
1
3
0.32
0.72
0.95
0.08
0.25
Hirundinidae
Hydrobatidae
Laridae
Megaluridae
Meliphagidae
Motacillidae
Pachycephalidae
Pelagornithidae
Pelecanoididae
Petroicidae
Phalacrocoracidae
Phasianidae
Podicipedidae
observ
Procellariidae
Psittacidae
Rallidae
Recurvirostridae
Rhipiduridae
Scolopaciddae
Spheniscidae
Stercorariidae
Sternidae
Strigidae
Sulidae
28
11
18
2
3
7
23
1
6
3
1
1.98
0.77
1.28
0.14
0.22
0.51
1.62
0.07
0.43
0.22
0.07
0
0
1
0
0
0
16
0
0
0
0
0.05
0.22
0.44
0.43
0.40
0.29
1.00
0.46
0.32
0.40
0.46
28
11
17
2
3
7
7
1
6
3
1
2.19
0.88
1.34
0.16
0.24
0.57
0.57
0.08
0.48
0.24
0.08
1
0
6
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0.20
0.19
1.00
0.42
0.39
0.27
0.72
0.46
0.30
0.39
0.46
3
0.21
0
0.40
3
0.25
0
0.39
Threskiornithidae
Turnagridae
Zosteropidae
27
11
13
2
3
7
6
1
6
3
1
1
3
1
2.12
0.88
1.03
0.16
0.25
0.56
0.49
0.08
0.48
0.24
0.08
0.08
0.24
0.08