ALAMANCE COMMUNITY COLLEGE
CLASSROOM-BASED COURSE SYLLABUS
Course
Title
Dental Radiography
Course
Number
DEN 112 AB
Term
Instructor
Fall
Sec.
No.
Yr.
2013
41/42W
Days
Lec.
Hrs.
Lab
Hrs.
2
Mondays
Tuesdays&
Fridays
Times
Office
E-mail
Cr.
Hrs.
3
Sect. 01/02 Tues. 8:0010:00am
Section 01 Tues. 10:10am1:10pm
Section 02 Mon.10:10am1:10pm
Section 03 Fri. 10:101:10p,
Donna Pruitt (Lecture) Jessica Dehart, Kristi Hussey and Marsha Moser (Lab)
Office
Location
3
310A
Hours
Donna.pruitt@alamancecc.edu
Phone
Monday and Friday 9-10am
Tuesdays 4:30-5:30
Wednesdays 10:00-12:00p
(336) 506-4403
ALAM ANCE COMMUNITY COLLEGE
Graham Campus
1247 Jimmie Kerr Road
PO Box 8000
Graham, NC 27523-8000
Burlington Campus
I-85/I-40 Exit 145
Burlington, NC 27215
Faculty Preparing Outline ________Donna Pruitt________________
___
ENDORSEMENTS OF DEPARTMENT HEAD AND ASSOCIATE DEAN
Department Head:_____________Janelle Christopher______________
Associate Dean: ________________Kelly Tate____________________________
COURSE DESCRIPTION
This course provides a comprehensive view of the principles and procedures of radiology as they apply
to dentistry. Topics include techniques in exposing, processing, and evaluating radiographs, as well as
radiation safety, quality assurance, and legal issues. Upon completion, students should be able to
demonstrate proficiency in the production of diagnostically acceptable radiographs using appropriate
safety precautions.
PREREQUISITE/COREQUISITE COURSES / SKILLS
Prequisites: Enrollment in the Dental Assisting Program
Corequisites: DEN 100 or DEN 110 AND DEN 111
MAJOR COURSE GOALS AND MAJOR ASSIGNMENTS
Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to:
LECTURE:
1.
Describe the biological effect of radiation and safety standards which provide the maximum
protection for patient and operator.
2.
Discuss the basic principles and characteristics of radiation.
3.
Identify and describe the component parts of the dental x-ray machine and the production of xrays.
LABORATORY:
1.
Expose, process, mount, evaluate, interpret, file and store diagnostically acceptable intraoral and
extraoral radiographic surveys.
2.
Display appropriate infection control and safety precautions when working in the radiology
laboratory.
3.
Maintain the radiographic facility, including darkroom and clinical areas and all components of
each.
REQUIRED COURSE MATERIALS
Textbook
Dental Radiography Principles and Techniques, 4rd Edition
Iannucci and Howerton, Elsevier Saunders, 2012
Modern Dental Assisting, 10th Edition
Bird and Robinson, Elsevier Saunders, 2012
Required Software
None
Other Required Equipment or Supplies
Phosphorus Plate Receptors
Audiovisuals:
Dental Radiology Series, Multi-Media
Exposure/Processing Errors, ACC
Exposure/Processing Errors, Eastman Kodak
Radiographic Landmarks/Anatomy, ACC
Videos
Introduction to Basic Concepts in Dental Radiography, ADAA
Radiographic Techniques and Safety Series, (4 tapes) MEDCOM, Inc.
COURSE REQUIREMENTS:
In order to successfully complete this course each student must pass both the didactic
and laboratory portions of Dental Radiography.
Written Evaluations will compromise 70% of the course grade. Scheduled test and
exam will be weighted as follows:
Minimum Passing Grade
Quizzes
Test 1
Test 2
Final Exam
77%
90%
77%
Weight
Quizzes -20%
Test - 50%
Final - 30%
Students who fail to achieve the minimum passing grade on the test will be required to take a
make-up test (maximum of two attempts). If a grade higher than the minimum passing score
is obtained on a make-up test, the minimum passing score will be recorded. Failure to meet
minimum score on the test will result in failure of the course therefore, dismissal from the
program.
Laboratory Evaluations will compromise 30% of the course grade. Using the concept of
"mastery learning" each student must complete the following full mouth surveys on
manikins at the stated proficiency levels of 85% with no more than 3 FMS periapical
retakes and 2 Bitewing retakes :
2 w/ Sensor Adult DXTTR’s (including bitewings)
1 w/ PPR Adult DXTTR’s (including bitewings)
85% proficiency
85% proficiency
In addition to completing two DXTTR’s, students must also demonstrate competence in the
following:
Mounting, 2 Full Mouth Surveys at 100% proficiency
1 Patient survey at 85% proficiency (maximum of three retakes on a 18 film
FMS)
Manikin surveys are weighted as follows:
Adult DXTTR’s
50%
Patient survey
50%
Subsequent to meeting manikin requirements, each student will be required (prior to
graduation) to expose, process, mount and critique three full mouth surveys on patients
using the paralleling technique. Again, a minimum proficiency level of 85% will be
required with no more than three retakes.
In addition, written "pop" quizzes will be given periodically during lab sessions. These
quiz grades will be averaged in with the lecture quizzes.
Minimum passing average for the laboratory portion of this course is 85%.
Students will continue toward developing clinical competency by meeting additional radiology
requirements in the DEN 112BB, DEN 106, and 107.
GRADING POLICIES
Grading Scale
This course will use the following scale:
A = 100 - 93
B = 92 - 85
C = 84 - 77
D = 76 - 69
F = Below 69
Areas of Evaluation
Class participation is expected as well as all required reading. Take home quizzes, take
home worksheets, and examinations will be constructed from objectives, lecture, and reading
materials. Take home worksheets will be turned in at the beginning of the assigned class
period. No LATE take home worksheets will be accepted! All take home worksheets will be
averaged to equal 1 quiz grade. The lowest quiz grade will be dropped. IF ANY STUDENT
IS ABSENT ON THE DAY OF A TEST THEY HAVE THE OPPRUTUNITY TO TAKE A
MAKE-UP TEST (NOT THE ORGINIAL) IF THEY CONTACTED THE INSTRUCTOR IN
ADVANCE OF THE ORGINIAL TEST DAY AND SEE THE INSTRUCTOR IMMEDIATELY
UPON RETURN TO CAMPUS .
Course Format
DEN 112 Dental Radiology lecture will be taught in a seated classroom and lab will be
conducted in clinical treatment rooms and lab areas.
Instructions for access to the Moodle, ACCess email and Web Advisor:
http://moodle.alamance.edu
FIRST NAME…………………………..Joseph
MIDDLE NAME………………………...Thomas
LAST NAME……………………………Smith
ID…………………………………………0073891
Joseph’s user name would be: jtsmith891
The password is your student ID number. You may locate your ID number on your
registration receipt or on your financial aid statement. If you are unable to locate your
identification number, please contact Student Development at 506-4270.
Note: You will not be able to access your online course information until the first day of class.
Academic Integrity
Students enrolled at Alamance Community College are expected at all times to uphold
standards of integrity. Students are expected to perform honestly and to work in every way
possible to eliminate academic dishonesty. Academic dishonesty includes cheating and
plagiarism.
Plagiarism is stealing another person’s words or ideas and passing them off as your own.
When you put your name on a paper in a course at ACC, you are claiming ownership
of that paper. You are saying, "I wrote this paper and the words and ideas in it are my own,
except where I have credited my source through proper MLA or APA documentation."
Global Plagiarism
Global plagiarism involves copying an entire paper from another source, perhaps by
borrowing a paper someone else wrote or downloading one from an Internet site. This type of
plagiarism is grossly unethical and inexcusable. If you are caught committing this type of
plagiarism, even on a rough draft, you will receive a zero on that assignment. This
typically results in an "F" in the course. Sometimes students commit this type of
plagiarism because they have waited until the last minute to do an assignment and they
panic. However, a student would be much better off dropping the course than earning an "F"
because of plagiarism.
Patchwork Plagiarism
Cut and paste plagiarism, also called patchwork plagiarism, is no more ethical than global
plagiarism. This type occurs when the writer cuts and pastes words, paragraphs, and even
pages from different sources to create a whole paper which he or she then turns in as his or
her own work. The student may have written an introduction, conclusion, or even a few
transitions, but copied the rest of the paper word for word from different sources. Committing
cut and paste plagiarism will also result in a zero on that assignment and can result in an
"F" in the course.
Incremental Plagiarism
Incremental plagiarism sometimes happen through carelessness or by accident. It occurs
when the writer composes most of the words, but does not properly cite or credit the sources
or does not paraphrase or quote correctly. Simply rearranging the words in the passages is
not enough. A paraphrase should truly be in the writer's own words. Students are responsible
for understanding how to use MLA or APA Documentation, which is covered in course
textbooks, handbooks, the laminated guide (included with the Hacker handbook), and online.
Rough drafts with incremental plagiarism may be rewritten to eliminate the problem. Final
drafts with incremental plagiarism will receive a grade penalty consistent with the amount and
seriousness of the plagiarism.
Final Thoughts on Plagiarism
As a student, you are responsible for the integrity of your work. If you are not confident
about your writing ability, your instructor and the tutors in the Academic Skills Lab are there
to help you. We as a department are committed to the idea that writing is a process and that
we all make mistakes and can learn from these mistakes. We allow submission of rough and
final drafts to help you grow and learn as a writer. How can we help you if the words and
ideas you turn in are not your own? Please do not put us in the position of having you fail one
of our courses because of plagiarism. The experience will not be pleasant for any of us.
How Do we Detect Plagiarism
The Health and Public Services Division may use a plagiarism detection service called
Turnitin.com to check papers for plagiarism. You will probably be asked to submit your
papers to Turnitin.com online or to submit your papers in electronic format to be checked for
plagiarism.
Also the Google web site is used to verify authenticity of your papers. Either source will be
used to document plagiarism, upon which appropriate sanctions will be utilized.
Cheating
Any such action observed by a faculty member will result in an automatic “F” on the test for
those involved. Any student caught cheating will be dismissed at the discretion of the
instructors.
OTHER POLICIES
Students must comply with the Uniform and Supply policies listed in the Dental Assisting
Student Handbook during both laboratory and clinical settings.
Attendance
ACC recognizes that students are adults with many responsibilities. An occasional absence
might be absolutely necessary. However, such absences in no way lessen the student’s
responsibility for meeting the requirements of the class.
Absences are counted from the first official meeting of the class regardless of when the
student registers for, or enters, the class. Refer to the policy on page 86 of the student
handbook. Individual departments/programs may set more restrictive attendance
requirements with the approval of the associate dean.
Students who exceed 3 lecture and 3 lab hours of absences in DEN 112 will be dropped from
the roll. Absence due to prolonged illness must be confirmed by a doctor's statement.
Any quiz or exam missed due to an unexcused absence will result in a grade of "0". In the
case of an excused absence, the student must take the make-up test or exam immediately
upon return to classes. Failure to follow this procedure for an excused absence will also
result in a grade of "0" for that particular test or exam.
Students are expected to attend each class session. When classes must be missed due to
personal emergencies, sickness or death of an immediate family member, students may use
up to the maximum number of absences listed on the official Attendance Policy Statement
distributed during orientation. Three tardies are counted as one absence. Absence from
class does not relieve the student from the responsibility of meeting all course requirements.
Students exceeding the maximum number of allowed hours will be dropped from the course,
at the instructor’s discretion.
If the attendance policy is violated after the withdrawal date (WP), the student will receive an
F in the course and will be dismissed from the program and will no longer able to attend
class.
Students who withdraw or are dismissed for academic reasons or for violation of college
policies must reapply for readmission into the Dental Assisting Program. Re-entry will be reevaluated after a 1 semester wait from the initial drop date, and will be dependent upon
available space and faculty review. Readmission will require that the student repeat the
entire Dental Assisting Curriculum, regardless of prior enrollment progression.
Refer to your Student Handbook for additional information on attendance policies.
ACC’s Quality Enhancement Plan (QEP)
As part of the reaffirmation process with the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools
Commission on Colleges in 2013, ACC has developed a Quality Enhancement Plan (QEP)
that identifies a specific area for improvement. Entitled “Write to Succeed,” ACC’s QEP
focuses on improving student writing so that graduates are better prepared both for the
workforce and for further education. As a result of “Write to Succeed,” ACC has opened a
Writing Center (located in Main 354 in the same suite as the Academic Skills Lab). The
Writing Center offers assistance with any writing task, as well as style guides and workshops,
to help students be more successful in all of their classes. For more information, please visit
the college’s website.
Library – Learning Resource Center LRC
As part of ACC’s commitment to institutional effectiveness and student success, it is critical
for students to learn how to use the resources in the library. Many classes require research
projects and papers that use those resources. Students need to know how to use the
resources effectively. For information regarding help and use of the LRC call 336-506-4208.
ADA Policy
Alamance Community College is committed to providing equal educational opportunities for
students with documented disabilities. Students who require disability services or reasonable
accommodations must identity themselves as having a disability and provide current
diagnostic documentation to the Disability Services Office located in the Gee Building, Room
128. All information is confidential. Please contact Monica Isbell, Coordinator of Special
Needs & Counseling Services for more information at 336-506-4130 or email at
isbellm@alamancecc.edu
Children on Campus
Alamance Community College does not allow children of students, faculty or staff to enter
classrooms, labs or shops while instruction is being delivered. Similarly, children of students,
faculty or staff are not to be left unattended in any college facility at any time.
Course Withdrawal
Withdrawal date and receive a WP is ___November 20, 2013_____
Alamance Community College recognizes that from time to time, it may be necessary for a
student to withdraw from a course. Students may withdraw with a “WP” grade through the 80
percent point of the semester. If a student withdraws during the last 20 percent of the
semester, the earned grade in the class will be recorded on the student’s transcript.
Students who formally withdraw many NOT continue attending that class.
When a student misses 20 % or more of the total contact hours for this course, the student
will be withdrawn by the instructor from the course.
If a student does not properly withdraw or the faculty fails to withdraw a student an F will be
assigned as a grade for the class.
Students who never attend or withdraw prior to the 10% point and are receiving federal
financial aid are required to repay the full amount charged for tuition, books and fees.
Students who withdraw through the 60% point of the term and who are receiving
federal financial aid (Title IV programs) are required to repay a portion of the awarded
funds for which they are not eligible due to withdrawal.
Electronic Communication Devices Policy
Alamance Community College is committed to fostering a learning friendly environment.
Electronic communication devices can be detrimental to the learning environment. Therefore,
the use of cell phones and beepers in the classroom must be turned off or put on
silent/vibrate mode. All devices must be placed in a bag out of sight and reach during
testing.
Student Code of Conduct
Students at ACC are expected to conduct themselves as adults in accordance with generally
accepted standards of behavior and decency at all times. Student rights, responsibilities, and
procedures are outlined in the current ACC Student Handbook(Student
Rights/Responsibilities). Each department/program may choose to have a specific
departmental handbook with specific requirements for clinicals, co-ops or other pertinent
information.
If a student's behavior is interfering with classroom procedure, he/she will be asked to leave
the class and will be counted absent for that session; the student will then be referred to the
Associate Dean of Public Services. If the disruptive behavior continues, the student will be
dropped from the class. Disruptive behavior may include, but is not limited to: cell phone
talking and text messaging, sleeping in class, threatening the instructor or other students,
fighting, using profanity, talking with or otherwise disturbing students, talking so loudly as to
interfere with the instructor and/or the class, etc.
Students appearing to be under the influence of drugs/alcohol while on the school premises
will be asked to leave class. If the student refuses to leave the instructor will need to contact
the Associate Dean at which time sanctions will be leaved for such behavior (Student
Handbook Page 94, Sanctions).
Safety – Emergency Evacuation
An emergency evacuation route is posted in the classroom. Please review the posted route
for the closest emergency exit. Assume that when the building alarm is sounded, an
emergency exists. Walk quickly to the nearest marked EXIT to evacuate the building.
Campus emergency phone number is 2286.
DEN 112 Dental Radiology
Course Objectives
OBJECTIVES
1.
Discuss the role of the dental assistant in routine dental radiographic examinations.
2.
Explain the relationship between dental radiographs and accurate diagnosis
and treatment planning.
3.
Discuss the effects of "consumerism" on the taking of dental radiographs in
initial exams and periodic check-ups.
4.
Contrast short and long wavelengths in terms of frequency, energy and penetrating
power.
5.
Identify the location of x-rays in the electromagnetic spectrum.
6.
Define ionizing radiation.
7.
List 10 special characteristics of x-rays.
8.
Explain the mechanism of ionization of body tissues.
9.
Identify the following equipment and armamentarium used in dental radiology:
tube head
cone
control box
KvP control
exposure button
safe-light
mount
MA control
exposure time control
stabe-holder
lead apron
dental film packet
viewbox
automatic processor
10.
List the steps in proper patient and operator preparation for the following equipment:
11.
Demonstrate proper infection control procedures for the following equipment:
X-ray tube and tube arm
Patient's chair
X-ray tube control panel
Exposed film
Unexposed film
Darkroom counter tops
Intraoral positioning devices
12.
Utilize recommended personal protection (gloves, masks, eyewear) while exposing
radiographs on patients.
13.
Use the criteria for a clinically acceptable full mouth survey to evaluate radiographs
taken on Dexter.
14.
State the characteristics of a "clinically" acceptable radiograph and/or full mouth
survey.
15.
List the five rules of projection geometry (shadow casting).
16.
Discuss the principle of the paralleling technique as it relates to the rules of
projection geometry.
17.
List the advantages and disadvantages of the paralleling technique.
18.
Discuss the principle techniques for digital imaging.
19.
Identify the main structural components of an x-ray tube and discuss the function of
each component.
20.
List the three conditions necessary to produce x-rays in an x-ray tube.
21.
List and discuss each step in the process of x-ray production.
22.
List and describe three exposure variables and their effect on the emitted x-rays.
23.
Define the following terms:
radiopaque
radiolucent
secondary radiation
leakage radiations
primary beam
24.
Define "differential absorption" and give an example of how dense tissues differ from
less dense tissues in radiation absorption.
25.
Explain the effects of "filtration" and "collimation" on the primary beam.
26.
State the minimum federal regulations with regard to:
a.
b.
c.
total filtration
diameter of the primary beam
minimum target-film distance
27.
Differentiate between primary and secondary radiation.
28.
List the factors which affect tissue response to radiation.
29.
Explain how genetic and somatic tissues react to overexposure from radiation.
30.
List in order of sensitivity, body tissues which can be harmed by radiation.
31.
Define the following terms:
erythema
cumulative effect
latent period
RAD
REM
R
32.
Describe and apply specific patient and operator protection strategies.
33.
List two contraindications for dental radiographs.
34.
State the maximum permissible dosages for 1 week, 13 weeks and 1 year for
occupationally exposed workers.
35.
Calculate the lifetime maximum permissible dose of an occupationally exposed
worker for any given age.
DENTAL RADIOGRAPHY
TOPIC OUTLINE
I.
Introduction to Course
A.
B.
Course Syllabus
Course requirements
II.
History of Dental Radiology
IIII.
Overview of radiological concepts
A.
B.
C.
D.
IV.
Theoretical aspects of intraoral radiography
A.
B.
C.
D.
IV.
Rationale
Diagnosis and treatment planning
Role of the Dental assistant
Nature of x-radiation
1.
Electromagnetic spectrum
2.
Characteristics of x-rays
3.
Ionization
Rules of projection geometry
Paralleling technique
Bisecting the angle technique
Digital Technique
1.
Wired and wireless sensors
2.
Phosphor plate sensor
Production and absorption of radiation
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H.
The x-ray tube
Sequence of events in x-ray production
Factors influencing x-ray production
1.
MA
2.
KVp
3.
Exposure time
Differential absorption
1.
Radiopaque
2.
Radiolucent
Secondary radiation
Leakage radiation
Remnant radiation
Primary beam
1.
Filtration
2.
Collimation
3.
Target-film distance
4.
Inverse square law
VI.
Radiation biology
A.
B.
C.
D.
VII.
Influencing factors
Tissue sensitivity
1.
Genetic
2.
Somatic
Radiation protection guidelines
1.
Area monitoring
2.
Patient protection
3.
Operator protection
Radiation Measurements
1.
Definitions
2.
Maximum dose requirements
Current Issues in Infection Control
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Radiography operatory
Equipment
Film
Darkroom
Mounted films/chart
ACCOUNTABILITY STATEMENT FOR DEN 112 AB , SECTION 01, DENTAL RADIOLOGY
I HAVE READ AND UNDERSTAND THAT I AM ACCOUNTABLE FOR ALL OF THE
INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS SYLLABUS. I HAVE BEEN GIVEN AN
OPPORTUNITY TO CLARIFY ANY QUESTIONS THAT I HAVE.
Student’s Signature
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ACCOUNTABILITY STATEMENT FOR DEN 112 AB, SECTION 02, DENTAL RADIOLOGY
I HAVE READ AND UNDERSTAND THAT I AM ACCOUNTABLE FOR ALL OF THE
INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS SYLLABUS. I HAVE BEEN GIVEN AN
OPPORTUNITY TO CLARIFY ANY QUESTIONS THAT I HAVE.
Student’s Signature
Date
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