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1 BACKGROUND ......................................................................................................... 3
2 LIGHTING PHASE-OUT ............................................................................................ 3
2.1 Low Efficiency Fluorescent Lamps Phase-out Program .......................................... 3
3
2.2 Incandescent Lamps Phase Out Program ............................................................... 3
TEST METHOD AND PERFORMANCE STANDARDS ............................................. 3
3.1 Standard Development Process .............................................................................. 3
3.2 Test Method Standards ........................................................................................... 5
3.2.1 CFLs ............................................................................................................ 5
3.2.2 Fluorescent Ballasts ..................................................................................... 5
3.2.3 Fluorescent Lamps ....................................................................................... 6
3.2.4 Incandescent Lamps .................................................................................... 6
3.3 Performance Standards .......................................................................................... 6
3.3.1 CFLs ............................................................................................................ 7
3.3.2 Fluorescent Ballasts ..................................................................................... 7
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3.3.3 Fluorescent Lamps ....................................................................................... 7
4
3.4 Environmental or health-based standards ............................................................... 7
LABELS ..................................................................................................................... 7
4.1 Mandatory ............................................................................................................... 7
5
6
4.2 Voluntary ................................................................................................................ 7
4.2.1 Thai Green Label Scheme ............................................................................ 7
4.2.2 Energy Efficiency Labelling No. 5 Programme .............................................. 8
4.2.3 Feasibility Study for LEDs .......................................................................... 10
ENFORCEMENT OF REGULATIONS ..................................................................... 10
TESTING CAPACITY .............................................................................................. 11
7
8
SUSTAINABILITY/END-OF-LIFE TREATMENT INITIATIVES ................................. 11
OTHER MEASURES TO STIMULATE LIGHTING EFFICIENCY ............................. 11
8.1 Building Codes and Labelling ................................................................................ 11
9
8.2 Household Energy Credits .................................................................................... 11
SUPPLY CHAIN ...................................................................................................... 11
9.1 Manufacturing ....................................................................................................... 11
9.2 Import ................................................................................................................... 12
10 CONSUMER AND COMMERICAL USAGE ............................................................. 12
10.1 Market survey of lighting devices usage in households and consumer’s satisfaction in using CFLs by EGAT (2010): ....................................................................................... 12
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Thailand has been working actively towards the phase-out of inefficient lighting since the
1990s, with the introduction of voluntary labeling in 1994 and a collaborative agreement with industry running from 1993 to 1995. A range of activities has continued since then, including the introduction of the first Minimum Energy Performance Standards in 2004.
Under EGAT’s Low Efficiency Fluorescent Lamps Phase-out Program (1993-1995), a collaborative agreement, made in September 1995, with major local manufacturers to cease production of ‘fat’ tubes (40W, 20W) saw the transformation of the market to thin tube fluorescent lamps (36W, 18W) with no direct incentives to manufacturers or consumers.
The extensive market transformation project, the Incandescent Lamps Phase Out Program, operated by the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT) from 2007-2010 used a variety of tools (distribution of free lamps and subsidies, awareness raising campaigns and labelling) to promote the permanent use of high efficiency and good quality CFLs in place of incandescent lamps for general lighting service. Partly supported by the Energy
Conservation Fund, it focused on a market-based approach without mandatory enforcement.
As a result of this project, the market barrier of high initial cost of CFLs has been gradually reduced (from 120 Baht in 2006 to 96 Baht in 2010 for < 1 W CFLs) and the number of CFLs carrying the energy efficiency label has increased (from 3 million in 2006 to 7.7 million in
2010), suggesting that customer awareness has been raised. However, a continued focus on product quality standard and customer recognition is intended (through Minimum Energy
Performance Standards).
The Thai Industrial Standards Institute (TISI) is the national standards body of Thailand, with a remit to prepare and publish national standards and grant licenses to use the TISI
Standards Marks. For energy efficiency (test methods), the development process is initiated by the Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency (DEDE), part of the
Ministry of Energy. For performance standards, the process is initiated by the Thai Industrial
Standards Institute (TISI), part of the Ministry of Industry.
Typically, researching and drafting the standard takes between one and two years, with the new standard becoming effective between one and three years after that.
Parties involved:
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
Ministry of Energy (MoEN) - Energy Policy and Planning Office (EPPO) - www.eppo.go.th
, Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency
(DEDE) - www.dede.go.th
, Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT) - pr.egat.co.th www.egat.co.th

Ministry of Industry (MOI) - www.industry.go.th
- Thai Industrial Standards Institute
(TISI) - www.tisi.go.th
, Electrical and Electronics Institute (EEI) - www.thaieei.com

The Illumination Engineering Association of Thailand (TIEA) - www.tieathai.org

Engineering Institute of Thailand - www.eit.or.th

Office of the Consumer Protection Board - www.ocpb.go.th

Foundation of Consumers - www.consumerthai.org

Specific engineering and professional associations
Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency (DEDE)
The Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency (DEDE), formerly known as the Department of Energy Development and Promotion (DEDP), is the governmental department authorized to research, develop, supervise, monitor, and operate on the production, transportation, distribution and utilization of energy. The Department's activities also include the development of alternative sources of energy, the implementation of pilot projects, and the specification of regulations and standards for energy production and distribution. In addition, the Department arranges technology transfer, promotion, training and disseminates knowledge related to the public.
Electrical and Electronics Institute (EEI)
The Electrical and Electronics Institute (EEI) is an autonomous institute under the Ministry of
Industry Industrial Development Foundation. EEI is a center for sustainable development of production, export, research and development potentialities in electrical and electronics industry, towards national and international standards.
Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT)
The Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT) is the state enterprise under Office of the Prime Minister that is solely responsible for all electric power production and transmission in Thailand. EGAT's activities encompass the development, construction, operation of dams, reservoirs, power plants of various types, transmission system and substations; the production of lignite and its by- products; formulating policies concerning the production and sales of electricity, lignite and lignite by-products.
Energy Policy & Planning Office (EPPO)
Energy Policy & Planning Office (EPPO), formerly known as the National Energy Policy
Office (NEPO) was established in 1986, functioning as the focal agency in the development of national energy policies and measures. The main responsibilities of EPPO are to study and analyze energy policies, management and development plans of the country as well as to evaluate any possible effects thereby and to disseminate energy information to concerned parties. Its principle roles are to monitor, evaluate and act as the focal point for coordinating and supporting the implementation under the established energy policies, management and development plans.
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Thai Industrial Standards Institute (TISI)
The Thai Industrial Standards Institute (TISI) is the national standards body of Thailand and internationally recognized for its operation. This site offers useful information such as TISI standards, and relevant laws and ministerial regulations.
Thailand has been a full member of the IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) since 1991, with the Thai Industrial Standards Institute (TISI) operating as the National
Committee and determining the national policy concerning the activities of the IEC. They are participating members of TC34 (Lamps and Related Equipment) and SC34A (Lamps). Most
Thai Industrial Standards (TIS) use IEC standards as references.
Thailand has test method standards in place for:

Incandescent lamps.

Electronic and magnetic ballasts for fluorescent lamps.

Double- and single- capped fluorescent lamps.

Self-ballasted lamps for general lighting service (CFLs).
3.2.1 CFLs
TIS 2310-2549 (2006), Self-Ballasted Lamps for General Lighting Services: Energy
Efficiency Requirements
Reference standard : National Appliance and Equipment Energy Efficiency Committee
(Australia) Report no.: 2005/12 Minimum Energy Performance Standards – Compact
Fluorescent lamps
Year Published: 2006
Year Effective: 2006
TIS 2233-2548, Self-ballasted lamps for general lighting services
Reference standard: No information held
Year Published: 2005
Year Effective: 2005
TIS 2234-2548 (2005), Self-ballast lamps for general lighting services: Safety
Requirements
Reference standard: No information held
Year Published: 2005
Year Effective: 2005
3.2.2 Fluorescent Ballasts
TIS 1506-2541, A.C. supplied electronic ballasts for tubular fluorescent lamps
Reference standard: IEC 60969
Year Published: 1998
Year Effective: 1998
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TIS 23-2521, Ballast for fluorescent lamps – Magnetic
Reference standard: IEC 60921
Year Published: 1978
Year Effective: 1 April 1979
TIS 885-2551 (2008), AC Supplied Electronic Ballasts for Tubular Fluorescent Lamps:
Safety Requirements
Reference standard: IEC 60081
Year Published: 2008
Year Effective: 2008
3.2.3 Fluorescent Lamps
TIS 236-2548, Double-capped fluorescent
Reference standard: IEC 60969
Year Published: 2005
Year Effective: 2005
TIS 2334-2550 (2007), Single-capped fluorescent lamps: Energy efficiency requirements
Reference standard: No information held
Year Published: 2007
Year Effective: 2007
TIS 956-2548 (2005), Double-capped fluorescent: Safety Specifications
Reference standard: No information held
Year Published: 2005
Year Effective: 2005
3.2.4 Incandescent Lamps
TIS 4 Part 1-2529 (1986), Thai Industrial Standard for Incandescent lamps
Year Published: 1986
Year Effective: 1986
Minimum Energy Performance Standards (MEPS) and High Energy Performance Standards
(HEPS) are in place in Thailand for:

Electronic and magnetic ballasts for fluorescent lamps.

Double-capped fluorescent lamps.

Self-ballasted lamps for general lighting service (CFLs).
Page 6 of 13

3.3.1 CFLs
TIS 2310-2549 (2006), Self-Ballasted Lamps for General Lighting Services: Energy
Efficiency Requirements (Minimum Energy Performance Standard)
Year Published: 2006
Year Effective: 2006
3.3.2 Fluorescent Ballasts
Magnetic Ballasts for Fluorescent Lamps - Thailand - Minimum Energy Performance
Standard
Year Published: 10 February 2004
Year Effective: 10 February 2004
Electronic Ballasts for Fluorescent Lamps - Thailand - Minimum Energy Performance
Standard
Year Published: 10 February 2004
Year Effective: 10 February 2004
3.3.3 Fluorescent Lamps
TIS 2309-2549 (2006), Double-Capped Fluorescent Lamps: Energy Efficiency
Requirements (Minimum Energy Performance Standard)
Year Published: 2006
Year Effective: 2006
TIS 1995-2551 (2008), Lighting and similar equipment: Radio disturbance limits
Reference standard: No information held
Year Published: 2008
Year Effective: 2008
There are currently no mandatory energy efficiency labelling requirements in Thailand.
4.2.1 Thai Green Label Scheme
The Thai Green Label Scheme was initiated by the Thailand Business Council for
Sustainable Development (TBCSD) in October 1993 as a TBCSD council project. It was formally launched in August 1994 by the Thailand Environment Institute (TEI) in association with the Ministry of Industry. TISI, NEPO and EGAT are all involved in supporting the scheme. Products or services which meet the Thai Green Label criteria can carry the Thai
Page 7 of 13

Green Label. It currently has provision for CFLs, fluorescent lamp ballasts and fluorescent lamps.
Example of Thai Green Label:
Green Label Scheme
– CFLs
Year Published: No information held
Year Effective: No information held
Green Label Scheme - Electronic Ballasts for Fluorescent Lamps
Year Published: August 1994
Year Effective: August 1994
Green Label Scheme - Fluorescent Lamps
Year Published: August 1994
Year Effective: August 1994
4.2.2 Energy Efficiency Labelling No. 5 Programme
Under the Energy Efficiency Labelling No. 5 Programme Thailand has provision for voluntary labelling for CFLs, ballasts for fluorescent lamps, fluorescent lamps and luminaires.
Energy Efficient Compact Fluorescent Lamps Program
Year Published: 2001
Year Effective: 2001
Example of Energy Efficiency Voluntary Label for CFLs:
Page 8 of 13

Energy Efficient Ballast Program -Electronic Ballasts
Year Published: 2009
Year Effective: 2009
Example of Energy Efficiency Voluntary Label for electronic ballasts:
Energy Efficient Ballast Program - Magnetic Ballasts for Fluorescent Lamps
Year Published: 1998
Year Effective: 1998
Example of Energy Efficiency Voluntary Label for magnetic ballasts:
Energy Efficient Double-capped Fluorescent Lamps Program
Year Published: 2009 (T5 lamps)
Year Effective: 2009 (T5 lamps)
Page 9 of 13

Example of Energy Efficiency Voluntary Label for T5 lamps:
Energy Efficient Lighting Luminaires Program
Year Published: 2004 (for T8 lamps), 2010 (for T5 lamps)
Year Effective: 2004 (for T8 lamps), 2010 (for T5 lamps)
Example of Energy Efficiency Voluntary Label for Lighting Luminaires:
4.2.3 Feasibility Study for LEDs
A study is underway to investigate the feasibility of a voluntary labelling program for LEDs.
Spot checks of products carrying the energy efficiency label are carried out by the Electricity
Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT). Random models are purchased from electric appliances shops and department stores countrywide and sent to the government-owned laboratory at the Thai Industrial Standards Institute (TISI) to be tested for compliance against the relevant test method standard. If the average test result doesn’t comply with the standard
(+5%), EGAT will call back all distributed labels of the unqualified models and forbid those models from participating in the energy efficiency labelling program for at least one year.
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The government-owned laboratory at the Thai Industrial Standards Institute (TISI) is the accredited laboratory for lighting products. A private accredited laboratory, Intertek, also provides facilities for testing lighting products.
Disposal of CFL waste from commercial and industrial premises is regulated under the
Hazardous Act 2535, which require permission for removal and disposal of the waste. The waste must be transported and disposed of through specialized means and techniques. The regulation is enforced by the Department of Industrial Works. No regulation applies to the disposal of CFLs from domestic consumers and lamps are usually disposed of as part of the municipal solid waste stream. Thai-Toshiba is the only manufacturer at present which has the facility to recover mercury from used CFLs back to their manufacturing process. Their
Fluorescent Lamps Recycle Project is supported by the government as a demonstration site.
A new lighting element has been included in the Thailand mandatory building codes, although no further information is available on the scope of this. In addition, a pilot project by the Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency (DEDE) incorporates lighting elements into the voluntary building labelling scheme, the evaluation criteria for which includes day lighting design and use of lighting control systems for energy saving.
Again, no further information is available on the scope of this.
The Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency (DEDE) Energy Fund offers personal loans (at 0%) to the general public who are interested in changing to use energy efficiency household electrical appliances, including those carrying the energy efficiency label and those items identified by the Ministry of Energy for energy conservation in household and manufacturing sites.
Thailand has manufacturing capability for incandescent, linear fluorescent, CFLs and LEDs.
Thailand’s fluorescent lamp exports (of all types) had a 2009 trade value of 47 million USD.
Major trading partners for exports are Republic of Korea, Malaysia and Australia.
In 2009, Thailand exported shipments valued over 29.9 million USD of incandescent and tungsten incandescent lamps worldwide, including to regional partners Cambodia,
Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines and Vietnam.
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Thailand’s fluorescent lamp imports for 2009 had a value of 28 million USD, thus creating a trade surplus. Major partners for imports are China, Japan and Indonesia.
The latest figure collected by JETRO Research in 2007 gives the total number of domestic
CFLs in 2007 as 15 million lamps, which is counted as 30-40% increase from the previous years. The domestic population of fluorescent tubes is around 156 million and that of incandescents is about 30 millions. The number of CFLs labeled No.5 (energy-efficient products) estimated by EGAT is: 3 millions in 2006, 9 millions in 2007, 13 millions in 2008,
6.8 millions in 2009 and 7.7 millions in 2010.
In support of ongoing work, EGAT conducted a market survey by distributing questionnaires to consumers living in/out of municipality areas countrywide between May and October 2010
(feedback was received on 60% of the 28,700 questionnaires distributed). The survey investigated the type and number of lamps used per household, consumer attitudes towards
CFL quality and price, the reasons for switching from incandescent lamps and the consideration criteria when purchasing CFLs. The results of this survey are summarised below:
Ratio of households with lighting devices used and number of lamps per unit
Lighting devices
Number of respondents
Ratio of households with lighting devices used (%)
Number of lamps per household
Ratio of lighting devices with label
NO.5 used (%)
CFLs
Incandescent lamps
Fluorescent lamps
12,843
6,381
16,243
75.7
37.6
95.7
6.0
1.4
8.9
83.8
-
-
Watt )
11,420 67.3 3.5 -
62.3 2.7 -
Watt )
10,568
Lighting devices used in households
Lighting devices Number of lamps from survey results (lamps)
Saturation
Rate extrapolate to country level
(million lamps)
Estimated usage ratio
(national level)
Fluorescent Lamps 150,241 0.972 15.23 45.9 %
CFL
Incandescent Lamps
Total
102,579
23,030
275,850
0.769
0.382
11.19
15.23
33.18
36.1 %
18.0 %
100.0 %
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Consumer attitudes toward quality and price of CFLs
Consumer attitudes toward quality and price of CFLs
Average level of satisfaction
Satisfaction of CFL usage in general
Satisfaction of CFL’s quality
Satisfaction of CFL’s price
80%
82%
78%
Reasons to switch from Incandescent lamps to CFL
Reasons to switch from
Incandescent lamps to CFL
Number of respondents
%
To save energy
Life-Span
Advertising /Promotion
8,174
3,988
2,766
Reachable price 2,154
Recommendation from others 1,300
Others
Total
192
18,574
44.0
21.5
14.9
11.6
7.0
1.0
100.0
Consideration criteria when selecting CFL from shelf
Consideration criteria when selecting CFL Number of
Select cheaper CFL respondents
1,247
Select better quality regardless the higher price 7,984
Select the favorite brand 1,048
Buy from the most comfortable place regardless the price and brand
806
Others
Total
284
11,369
%
11.0
70.2
9.2
7.1
2.5
100.0
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