Urinary System Quiz 2
Name _________________________________________________
______1. The renal medulla is composed of tissue called ______.
A. Renal pyramids
B. Nephrons
C. Renal sinus
D. Renal pelvis
______2. Juxtaglomerular cells combine with _______ cells to form the juxtagomerular
apparatus in the kidney.
A. Macula densa
B. Renal pelvis
C. Nephron
D. Renal sinus
______3. Which is found in the highest concentration in the urine?
A. Uric acid
B. Urea
C. Glucose
D. Water
______4. ADH has which of the following effects on the distal convoluted tubule?
A. Decrease water re-absorption
B. Increase water re-absorption
C. Decrease the concentration of urine
D. Increase the urine volume
______5. Each kidney contains approximately ______ nephrons.
A. 10 million
B. 1 million
C. 100,000
D. 10,000
______6. Choose the statement that does not correctly characterize the kidneys.
a.
The kidneys are positioned retroperitoneally.
b.
The right kidney is usually considerably higher than the left one.
c. layer of fat pads the kidney.
d.
Inside the kidney there is a hollow chamber called the renal sinus.
______7. The final branches of the interlobular arteries lead to the _________________
that carry blood to the nephrons.
a.
interlobar arteries
b.
arciform arteries
c.
efferent arterioles
d.
afferent arterioles
______8. ____________ from several nephrons merge in the renal cortex to form a
collecting duct.
a.
Proximal convoluted tubules
b.
Ascending limbs of nephron loops
c.
Descending limbs of nephron loops
d.
Distal convoluted tubules
______9. The blood vessel leading away from the glomerulus to the peritubular capillary
system is the _____________.
a.
afferent arteriole
b.
efferent arteriole
c.
arcuate artery
d.
interlobular artery
______10. Juxtaglomerular cells of the juxtaglomerular apparatus secrete
_______________ when _______________.
a.
angiotensin-converting enzyme; blood pressure increases
b.
potassium; chloride concentration declines
c.
renin; blood pressure drops
d.
atrial natriuretic peptide; blood volume drops
______11. Tubular reabsorption is responsible for retaining nutrients the body requires.
Most tubular reabsorption occurs in the _______________ where microvilli, and their
numerous carrier proteins, increase the surface area available for reabsorption.
a.
distal convoluted tubule
b.
proximal convoluted tubule
c.
collecting duct
d.
nephron loop
______12. Within the renal tubule, two hormones play a role in determining the final
volume and sodium concentration of the urine. The hormone _______________ regulates
sodium reabsorption, while ________________ regulates water reabsorption.
a.
aldosterone; antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
b.
cortisol; atrial natriuretic peptide
c.
renin; angiotensin II
d.
antidiuretic hormone (ADH); epinephrine
______13. What substances are moved from the peritubular capillary to the renal tubule
during tubular secretion?
a.
penicillin
b.
potassium ions
c.
hydrogen ions
d.
All of the above.
______14. Which hormone produced by the kidneys stimulates red blood cell
production?
A.
Epinephrine
B.
Parathormone
C.
Erythropoietin
D.
Thymosin
______15. Cup like edges of renal pelvis
A.
Calyces
B.
Pyuria
C.
Hematura
D.
Oliguria
______16. Which statement about the urinary system is TRUE?
A.
The system consists of a kidney, two urethra's, a bladder, and two ureters
B.
The system consists of two kidneys, two ureters, a bladder, and a urethra
C.
The system consists of two kidneys, two urethra's, a bladder and a ureter
D.
None of the above
______17. Ureters are approximately______inches in length.
A.
10
B.
20
C.
15
D.
2
______18. The external opening through which urine passes to leave the body is called the
A.
Ureti
B.
Urethra
C.
Ureter
D.
Urinary sphincter
______19. All the calyces in the kidney converge into the
A.
Renal vein
B.
Renal artery
C.
Renal pelvis
D.
Renal hilus
______20. Reabsorbtion of water and sodium in the kidney tubles is regulated by
A.
Estrogen
B.
Progesterone
C.
Aldosterone
D.
Testosterone
E.
Relatin
______21. One organic compound found in the urine and derived from the breakdown of
protein is
A.
Creatine
B.
Ketone
C.
Urea
D.
Ammonia
______22. ADH is secreted by the _______gland.
A.
Posterior pituitary
B.
Adrenal
C.
Anterior pituitary
D.
Thyroid
______23. When ADH levels in the blood are high, the collecting ducts are:
A. very impermeable to water
B. very permeable to protein molecules
C. very permeable to water
D. very permeable to sodium and chloride ions
E. none of the preceding.
______24. During reabsorption, Na+ crosses the apical walls of the proximal tubule cells
into the interstitial fluid principally by means of:
a. Phagocytosis
b. Receptor-mediated endocytosis
c. Simple diffusion
d. Active transport
______25. The nephron is:
a. the site of urine storage
b. the functional unit of the kidney
c. the site where ADH is produced
d. also called the "Bowman's capsule"
______26. If the diameter of the afferent arteriole is smaller than the diameter of the
efferent arteriole, then:
a. the net filtration pressure will decrease
b. blood pressure in the glomerulus will decrease
c. Glomerular Filtration Rate will increase
d. a and b only
e. a, b and c
______27. From the distal convoluted tubule, filtrate will then be carried to the:
a. renal corpuscle
b. collecting duct
c. nephron loop
d. proximal convoluted tubule
e. glomerular (Bowman's) capsule
______28. The entrance into the kidney is called the _____.
a. sinus
b. renal column
c. hilum
d. pyramid
______29. Each minor calyx receives urine from the _____________.
a. renal papillae
b. pelvis
c. ureter
d. columns
______30. The last part of a nephron is the ________.
a. collecting duct
b. renal papilla
c. distal convoluted tubule
d. glomerulus
______31. Which blood vessels surround the convolutd tubules?
a. vasa reta
b. peritubular capillaries
c. interlobular arteries
d. efferent arterioles
______32. Which ion is reabsorbed in exchange for sodium?
a. chloride
b. potassium
c. calcium
d. magnesium
______33. How much urine is formed in 24 hours?
a. 12 liters
b. 100 mL
c. 1.5L
d. 3,000cc
______34. Eating large amounts of meat will increase the levels of ________ in the blood.
a. protein
b. creatinine
c. urea
d. uric acid
______35. What is the main factor that promotes bladder infections in the female?
a. length of urethra
b. presence of bacteria in rectum
c. hygiene
d. dietary factors
______36. A renal corpuscle includes the
a. glomerulus and Bowman’s capsule
b. glomerulus and renal tubule
c. Bowman’s capsule and renal tubule
d. Renal tubule and collecting tubule
______37. Which of the following indicates the parts of a renal tubule in the correct
sequence from beginning to end?
a. proximal convoluted tubule, ascending limb of loop of Henle, descending limb of
loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule
b. distal convoluted tubule, ascending limb of loop of Henle, descending limb of loop
of Henle, proximal convoluted tubule
c. proximal convoluted tubule, descending limb of loop of Henle, ascending limb of
loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule
d. descending limb of loop of Henle, ascending limb of loop of Henle, proximal
convoluted tubule, distal convoluted tubule
______38. Urine formation involves
a. filtration
b. reabsorption
c. secretion
d. all of these
______39. The ureter extends downward
a. behind the parietal peritoneum and joins the urinary bladder from above
b. behind the parietal peritoneum and joins the urinary bladder from below
c. in front of the parietal peritoneum and joins the urinary bladder from above
d. in front of the parietal peritoneum and joins the urinary bladder from below
______40. Gout is a condition in which the plasma has an abnormally high concentration
of
a. uric acid
b. urea
c. calcium ions
d. amino acids
______41. If a substance is transported from the plasma of the peritubular capillary into
the fluid of the renal tubule, it is said to be
a. filtered by blood pressure
b. excreted by osmosis
c. secreted
d. reabsorbed
TRUE OR FALSE
O false
+ true
______42. The urethra transports urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder.
______43. The efferent arteriole supplies blood to the capillary of the glomerulus
______44. Glomerular filtrate has a composition similar to tissue fluid.
______45. When the concentration of water in body fluids increases, the secretion of
ADH increases.
______46. Urine is forced along the length of the ureter by peristaltic waves.
SHORT ANSWER
47. Explain in detail all the steps of the formation of urine and it being excreted from the
body.
LABELING
THE END
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