Honors Chemistry
Chapter 19 – Acids and Bases Review Answers
Name: _________________
1. In the list below, circle the properties of acids and box the properties of bases.
Sour taste
Feel slippery
Contains hydroxide ions
Turns litmus blue
Reacts with metals to form H2
Turns litmus red
Bitter taste
Contains hydrogen ions
Corrosive
2. Complete the chart below:
Acid-Base Definitions
Type
Arrhenius
Acid Definition
Donates an H+ ion in solution
Base Definition
Donates an OH- ion in solution
Bronsted-Lowry
Donates an H+ ion
Accepts an H+ ion
Lewis
Accepts an electron pair
Donates an electron pair
3. What term(s) describe a substance that can act as an acid or a base? Amphoteric or amphiprotic
4. Neutralization reactions always produce a SALT and WATER
5. If the [H+] is greater than the [OH-], the solution is
acidic
basic
neutral
6. If the [OH-] is greater than the [H+], the solution is
acidic
basic
neutral
7. If the [H+] is equal to the [OH-], the solution is
acidic
basic
neutral
8. If the pH is 7, the solution is
acidic
basic
neutral
9. If the pH is greater than 7, the solution is
acidic
basic
neutral
10. If the pH is less than 7, the solution is
acidic
basic
neutral
11. How many moles of lithium hydroxide are required to neutralize 19.2 grams of chloric acid?
LiOH + HClO3  LiCl + H2O
(19.2 g HClO3) x (1 mol HClO3/84 g HClO3) x (1 mol LiOH/1 mol HClO3) = 0.228 mol LiOH
12. How many grams of calcium hydroxide are required to neutralize 132.4 grams of nitric acid?
Ca(OH)2 + 2 HNO3  Ca(NO3)2 + 2 H2O
(132.4 g HNO3) x (1 mol HNO3/63 g HNO3) x (1 mol Ca(OH)2/2 mol HNO3) x (74 g Ca(OH)2/1 mol Ca(OH)2)
= 77.76 g Ca(OH)2
Honors Chemistry
Chapter 19 – Acids and Bases Review Answers
Name: _________________
13. How many moles of hydrochloric acid are required to neutralize 12.2 moles of aluminum hydroxide?
3 HCl + Al(OH)3  AlCl3 + 3 H2O
(12.2 mol Al(OH)3) x (3 mol HCl/1 mol Al(OH)3) = 36.6 mol HCl
14. What is the molarity of H3PO3 if 23.1 mL is completely neutralized by 98.2 mL of 0.21 M Ba(OH)2?
2 H3PO3 + 3 Ba(OH)2  Ba3(PO3)2 + 3 H2O
0.21 M Ba(OH)2 = moles / (98.2 mL/1000)
so 0.020 moles Ba(OH)2
(0.020 mol Ba(OH)2) x (2 moles H3PO3/3 moles Ba(OH)2) = 0.0137 mol H3PO3
Molarity = (0.0137 moles H3PO3)/(23.1 mL/1000) = 0.595 M H3PO3
15. What is the molarity of HCl if 45.3 mL is completely neutralized by 72.1 mL of 1.78 M NaOH?
HCl + NaOH  NaCl + H2O
1.78 M NaOH = moles / (72.1 mL/1000)
so 0.128 moles NaOH
(0.128 mol NaOH) x (1 mole HCl/1 mole NaOH) = 0.128 mol HCl
Molarity = 0.128 moles / (45.3 mL/1000) = 2.83 M HCl
16. How many mL of 0.32 M HClO3 are required to neutralize 4.21 L of 0.79 M strontium hydroxide?
2 HClO3 + Sr(OH)2  Sr(ClO3) + 2 H2O
0.79 M Sr(OH)2 = moles / (4.21 L)
so 3.318 moles Sr(OH)2
(3.318 moles Sr(OH)2) x (2 mole HClO3/1 mole Sr(OH)2) = 6.636 moles HClO3
0.32 M HClO3 = 6.636 moles / L
so L = 20.73 L x 1000 = 20,730 mL HClO3
17. A 2.34 L solution of HCN is completely neutralized by 1.78 L of 1.03 M KOH. What is the
concentration of the HCN solution?
HCN + KOH  KCN + H2O
1.03 M KOH = moles / (1.78 L)
so 1.8334 moles KOH
(1.8334 mol KOH) x (1 mole HCN/1 mole KOH) = 1.8334 mol HCl
Molarity = 1.8334 moles / 2.34 L) = 0.78 M HCN
18. A 52.6 mL solution of H2CO3 is completely neutralized by 24.5 mL of 1.28 M NaOH. What is the
concentration of the H2CO3 solution?
H2CO3 + 2 NaOH  Na2CO3 + 2 H2O
1.28 M NaOH = moles / (24.5 mL/1000)
so 0.03136 moles NaOH
(0.03136 mol NaOH) x (1 mole H2CO3/2 mole NaOH) = 0.0157 mol H2CO3
Molarity = 0.0157 moles / 52.6 mL/1000) = 0.298 M H2CO3
Honors Chemistry
Chapter 19 – Acids and Bases Review Answers
Name: _________________
19. Complete the chart below:
[H+]
0.079 M
[OH-]
1.25 X 10-13 M
pH
1.10
pOH
12.9
Acidic, Basic, or Neutral
Acidic
0.0049 M
2.04 x 10-12 M
2.31
11.69
Acidic
7.24 x 10-5 M
1.38 x 10-10 M
4.14
9.86
Acidic
1.12 x 10-12 M
0.009 M
11.95
2.05
Basic
7.8 x 10-11 M
1.26 x 10-4 M
10.10
3.9
Basic
1.0 x 10-7 M
1.0 x 10-7 M
7
7
Neutral
1.62 x 10-11 M
6.2 x 10-4 M
10.79
3.21
Basic
1.34 x 10-14 M
0.7413 M
13.87
0.13
Basic