IN-TEXT CITATION
MLA FORMAT
PARENTHETICAL CITATION
CITING A BOOK WITH ONE AUTHOR:
Smoke inhalation, through either first or second-hand, is one of the leading causes of lung
cancer (Stewart 12).
- OR According to Stewart, smoke inhalation, through either first or second-hand, is one of the
leading causes of lung cancer (12).
Use the following bibliographical book citation as a reference for the intext citation examples above:
Stewart, David J. Lung Cancer: Prevention, Management, and Emerging Therapies. First ed.
New York: Humana, 2010. Print.
CITING A BOOK WITH NO AUTHOR:
In addition to medical prescriptions, therapy treatments, and a combination of relaxation
and exercise, the support of loved ones is pivotal to overcoming cancer (Cancer Caregiving
12).
- OR The anonymous book, Cancer Caregiving A to Z: An At-Home Guide for Patients and Families,
claims that in addition to medical prescriptions, therapy treatments, and a combination of
relaxation and exercise, the support of loved ones is pivotal to overcoming cancer (12).
Use the following bibliographical book citation as a reference for the intext citation examples above:
Cancer Caregiving A to Z: An At-Home Guide for Patients and Families. Atlanta, GA: American
Cancer Society/Health Promotions, 2008. Print.
CITING A BOOK WITH TWO AUTHORS:
If operable, surgery is the best method to remove malignant tumors and cancerous cells on
a patient’s lungs (West and Stanley 12).
- OR According to West and Stanley, if operable, surgery is the best method to remove malignant
tumors and cancerous cells on a patient’s lungs (12).
Use the following bibliographical book citation as a reference for the intext citation examples above:
West, Brandon S., and Donna R. Stanley, eds. Lung Cancer Treatment. Hauppauge, NY: Nova
Science, 2011. Print.
CITING AN EBSCO DATABASE SOURCE WITH AUTHOR AND PAGE NUMBERS:
Defying modern medical science, some cancer patients claim to have eliminated their
malignant tumors through a diet of healthy and nutritional foods combined with a
regimented exercise program. In addition to their new eating and exercise habits, these
cancer patients developed a positive and strong mindset toward beating their once-fatal
illness (Lenzer 54-73).
Use the following bibliographical database citation as a reference for the
in-text citation example above:
Lenzer, Jeanne. "Citizen, HEAL Thyself." Discover Sept. 2007: 54-73. Middle Search Plus.
Web. 14 Oct. 2011.
CITING AN EBSCO DATABASE SOURCE WITH PAGE NUMBERS BUT NO AUTHOR:
To nobody’s surprise, research conducted by tobacco companies revealed that there is a
direct link between tobacco smoke inhalation and the development of lung cancer (“Study:
Tobacco Firms” 07a).
Use the following bibliographical database citation as a reference for the
in-text citation example above:
"Study: Tobacco Firms' Own Research Showed Dangers." USA Today 29 Sept. 2011: 07a.
Middle Search Plus. Web. 12 Oct. 2011.
CITING A WEBSITE SOURCE WITH NO AUTHOR OR PAGE NUMBERS:
While known for its harmful and fatal exposure, certain amounts of radiation injected into
the body of a cancer patient has the potential to destroy cancerous cells, causing the cancer
to go into remission (“Lung Cancer”).
Use the following bibliographical website citation as a reference for the
in-text citation example above:
"Lung Cancer." RadiologyInfo - The Radiology Information Resource for Patients. Radiological
Society of North America, Inc, 24 June 2011. Web. 13 Oct. 2011.
<http://www.radiologyinfo.org>.
CITING A WEBSITE SOURCE WITH AUTHOR BUT NO PAGE NUMBERS:
The best strategy for fighting lung cancer, or any cancer for that matter, is to be vigilant. As
far as lung cancer detection is concerned, CT (Computed Tomography) Scans have proven
to be a viable option for early detection (Kane).
Use the following bibliographical website citation as a reference for the
in-text citation example above:
Kane, Jason. "CT Scans Can Help Reduce Lung Cancer Deaths, Study Finds." PBS: Public
Broadcasting Service. Knight Foundation, 29 June 2011. Web. 13 Oct. 2011.
<http://www.pbs.org>.
IN-TEXT CITATION
MLA FORMAT
PARENTHETICAL CITATION FOR QUOTATIONS
CITING A QUOTE FROM THE AUTHOR OF A SOURCE:
“Smoke inhalation, through either first or second-hand, is one of the leading causes of lung
cancer” (Stewart 12).
- OR According to Stewart, “Smoke inhalation, through either first or second-hand, is one of the
leading causes of lung cancer” (12).
Use the following bibliographical book citation as a reference for the intext citation examples above:
Stewart, David J. Lung Cancer: Prevention, Management, and Emerging Therapies. First ed.
New York: Humana, 2010. Print.
CITING A QUOTE FROM A SOURCE WITH NO AUTHOR:
“In addition to medical prescriptions, therapy treatments, and a combination of relaxation
and exercise, the support of loved ones is pivotal to overcoming cancer” (Cancer Caregiving
12).
- OR The anonymous book, Cancer Caregiving A to Z: An At-Home Guide for Patients and Families,
claims that “In addition to medical prescriptions, therapy treatments, and a combination of
relaxation and exercise, the support of loved ones is pivotal to overcoming cancer” (12).
Use the following bibliographical book citation as a reference for the intext citation examples above:
Cancer Caregiving A to Z: An At-Home Guide for Patients and Families. Atlanta, GA: American
Cancer Society/Health Promotions, 2008. Print.
CITING A QUOTE FROM SOMEONE WHO IS NOT THE AUTHOR OF THE SOURCE:
According to cancer survivor James Jamison, “I decided that this disease was not going to
define me. I would be the one to define me” (Lenzer 54-73).
Use the following bibliographical database citation as a reference for the
in-text citation example above:
Lenzer, Jeanne. "Citizen, HEAL Thyself." Discover Sept. 2007: 54-73. Middle Search Plus. Web. 14
Oct. 2011.
CITING AND FORMATTING A LONG OR “BLOCK” QUOTATION (MORE
THAN FOUR LINES OF TEXT):
Cancer survivor James Jamison believed that the cure to his cancer was in his own hands:
I decided that this disease was not going to define me. I would be the one to define
me. I had heard so many stories of cancer patients who developed ‘bucket lists’ of
things they wanted to do before they died. Well, I wasn’t going to accept that this
disease was going to kill me. So, with the help of my family and friends, I changed
my lifestyle to one of health and happiness. I was feeling better, physically and
mentally, and before I knew it, I was getting the good news from my doctor that my
tumor was shrinking and my cancer cells were disappearing. (Lenzer 54-73)
Use the following bibliographical database citation as a reference for the
in-text citation example above:
Lenzer, Jeanne. "Citizen, HEAL Thyself." Discover Sept. 2007: 54-73. Middle Search Plus. Web. 14
Oct. 2011.
OMMITTING WORDS FROM A QUOTATION:
If a quotation is too long and you determine that you do not need a portion of
it, whether that portion is in the beginning, middle, or end, simply type the
quote and replace the portion you do not need with an ELIPSIS (…). Please
view the example below:
According to cancer survivor James Jamison, “I decided that this disease was not going to
define me. I would be the one to define me … So, with the help of my family and friends, I
changed my lifestyle to one of health and happiness …” (Lenzer 54-73).
Use the following bibliographical database citation as a reference for the
in-text citation example above:
Lenzer, Jeanne. "Citizen, HEAL Thyself." Discover Sept. 2007: 54-73. Middle Search Plus.
Web. 14 Oct. 2011.