What You Need to Know – Unit 2 - Metabolism
Energy & Enzymes - Photosynthesis - Cellular Respiration
Biology Text (Biology in Focus): Chapters 6 - 8
Chapters 6-8; Masteringbiology
Click on Resources – Check out Animations, Flashcards, Labeling Exercises
Click on Quizzes – Multiple Choice Quizzes, Animated Quizzes & Video Quizzes
Big Picture Items:
Items Common to Both Respiration and Photosynthesis
► Know the role of ATP, ATP structure and the ATP/ADP cycle.
► Know the difference between oxidation and reduction. (Remember: LEO the lion goes GER.)
► Know how chemiosmosis works; the role of H+ gradient, ETS and ATP synthase (=ATPase).
Labs Related to Cellular Energetics
Investigation – Enzyme Activity
Investigation –Photosynthesis
Investigation – Cell Respiration
Chapter 6 - Energy and Enzymes
► What is energy?
► Know the difference between Kinetic & Potential energy.
► Know how the 1st & 2nd Law of Thermodynamics relates to living things.
► Know what is meant by entropy? Be able to give an example of entropy.
► What is meant by Free Energy? (Use ΔG in your explanation). What kind of reaction has a +ΔG? What
kind of reaction has a -ΔG?
► Know the difference between and Exergonic & Endergonic reaction (be sure to use ΔG in your
explanation).
► Be able to explain & diagram what is meant by coupled reactions.
► Know the role of ATP, ATP structure and the ATP/ADP cycle
► Understand the idea of a Metabolic Pathway.
► Know how enzyme function is related to structure.
► Be sure you understand the activation energy graph(s).
► Understand the difference between a catabolic & anabolic enzyme reaction.
► Know basic enzyme terminology (substrate, active site, etc).
► Understand the idea of the “induced fit model”.
► Know the factors affecting enzyme activity & be able to explain how they speed up or slow down
enzyme action.
► Know how enzyme activity is controlled – i.e. Enzyme Inhibition & the terms associated with it:
feedback inhibition
competitive inhibition (Active Site)
noncompetitive inhibition (Allosteric Site)
Chapter 7 - Photosynthesis
► Know the overall significance of photosynthesis.
► Know the overall formula for photosynthesis.
► Know the structure of the chloroplast.
► Know what frequencies (colors) of light are used in photosynthesis.
► Know the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis.
► Know the Light Dependent Reaction:
Understand how the photosystems capture light energy and convert it into chemical energy.
► Know how the Calvin Cycle
Understand how chemical energy and CO2 are used to make sugar.
► Know where each of the following takes place, what goes into each, and what products are released:
Light Reactions
Calvin Cycle
► Know of photosynthetic chemiosmosis works and where it takes place.
Chapter 8 - Cellular Respiration
► Know the overall significance of cellular respiration.
► Know the overall formula for respiration.
► Know that energy is released from sugar in a series of chemical reactions (cellular respiration) and
converted to ATP.
► Know where each of the following takes place, what goes into each, how many ATPs are produced
and what other products are released:
Glycolysis
Krebs Cycle
Electron Transport System
► Know the structure of the mitochondrion.
► Know of mitochondrial chemiosmosis works and where it takes place.
► Know how aerobic respiration differs from anaerobic respiration with regard to end products,
number of ATP produced and when and where each occurs.