Biology 11AP - Frykberg Science
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AP Biology Chapter 3 Water and the Fitness of the Environment 2.a.3 Organisms must exchange matter with the environment to grow, reproduce, and maintain organization. 3.1, 3.2, 3.3 4.1, 4.2 6.2 • Cohesion • Adhesion • High specific heat capacity • Universal solvent supports reactions • Heat of vaporization • Heat of fusion • Water’s thermal conductivity • Root hairs • Cells of the alveoli • Cells of the villi • Microvilli Concept 3.1: The polarity of water molecules results in hydrogen bonding Explanation of hydrogen bonding http://www.edinformatics.com/interactive_molecules/hydrogen_bonds.htm Activity: The Polarity of Water 1. Why is water such an important molecule in living organisms? http://www.johnkyrk.com/H2O.html ***** ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 2. a) What do we mean when we say that water is a polar molecule? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ AP Biology Ch 3 Page 1 b) What causes adjacent water molecules to stick to each other? Activity: Cohesion of Water 3.2 ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ AP Biology Ch 3 Page 2 3. How do the polar nature of water molecules and the resulting hydrogen bonding between adjacent water molecules affect the properties of water? a) Cohesion, adhesion and surface tension are important to living organisms: See Act 3B and Bioflix Water transport in plants. _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ AP Biology Ch 3 Page 3 b) Water Moderates Temperature: _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ AP Biology Ch 3 Page 4 c) Ice Floats: Fig 3.5 _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ AP Biology Ch 3 Page 5 d) Water is the solvent of life: Fig 3.7 ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ Fig 3.7 Lysosome - A water-soluble protein AP Biology Ch 3 Page 6 Some substances are hydrophilic and some are hydrophobic. ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 4. The Dissociation of Water Molecules View Activity: Dissociation of Water Molecules ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ AP Biology Ch 3 Page 7 View Activity: Acids, Bases, and pH ch 3 a) Acids increase the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution: ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ b) Bases decrease the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution: ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ c) The dissociation of weak acids (or bases) is reversible: ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ d) Neutral solutions have equal concentrations of H+ and OH- ions: ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ AP Biology Ch 3 Page 8 ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 5. The pH scale is used to indicate how acidic or basic a solution is: See Act 3D2 and 3D3 ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ________________________ Fig 3.9 _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ AP Biology Ch 3 Page 9 ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 6. Biological fluids (eg blood) contain buffers which resist changes in pH: ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Assignment: Read about acid precipitation (p 55 to 56 See Section 3.3) (see also Chapter 55 Section 55.5 p. 1237) and be prepared to write a short paragraph explaining what it is, what causes it, and its significance to living organisms. You will have 10 minutes at the beginning of the next class to write your paragraph. See Web Activity under Concept 37.2 AP Biology Ch 3 Page 10
