Chapter 10 Cell Reproduction and Cell Cycle
Division of the Cell
Before a cell grows too large, it divides into two new “daughter” cells in a process called ______
_____________________
Before cell division, the cell _______ all of its _________
It then divides into two “daughter” cells. ______________ cell receives a complete set of ____
Cell division ______________. It also results in an increased ratio of surface area to volume, for
each daughter cell.
Asexual Reproduction
In multicellular organisms, ____________________. It also enables an organism to ______ and
__________ its body.
In single-celled organisms, cell division is a form of reproduction.
__________________ is reproduction that involves a single parent producing an offspring. The
offspring produced are, in most cases, ________________ to the single cell that produced them.
Asexual reproduction is a simple, efficient, and effective way for an organism to produce a
________________________________________________________________________.
Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic single-celled organisms and many multicellular organisms can
reproduce asexually
Examples of asexual reproduction are:
___________ reproduce by _________________
Kalanchoe plants form plantlets.
Hydras reproduce by _______________
Sexual Reproduction
In ____________________, offspring are produced by the fusion of two sex cells – one from
each of two parents. These fuse into a single cell before the offspring can grow.
The offspring produced __________________________________________________________.
Most animals and plants, and many single-celled organisms, reproduce sexually.
Comparing Sexual and Asexual Reproduction
The Process of Cell Division
The genetic information that is passed on from one generation of cells to the next is carried by
____________________________
Every cell must ______ its genetic information _________ cell division begins.
Each daughter cell gets its own copy of that genetic information.
Cells of every __________ have a _________________________________________.
Prokaryotic Chromosomes
Prokaryotic cells _______________. Instead, their DNA molecules are found in the cytoplasm.
Most prokaryotes contain a single, circular DNA molecule, or chromosome, that contains most
of the cell’s genetic information.
Eukaryotic Chromosomes
In eukaryotic cells, chromosomes are located in the _________, and are made up of _________.
Chromatin is _______________ and histone proteins
_________________________ proteins to form nucleosomes
The nucleosomes interact with one another to form coils and supercoils that make up
_______________
The Prokaryotic Cell Cycle
The prokaryotic cell cycle is a regular pattern of ______,
____________________, and _____________________.
Most prokaryotic cells begin to replicate, or _____, their
DNA once they have ____________________________.
When DNA replication is complete, the ______________
through a process known as ______________________.
Binary fission is a form of ___________________ during
which _________________________________ cells are
produced.
For example, __________ reproduce by _____________
Eukaryotic Chromosomes
In eukaryotic cells, chromosomes are located in the nucleus, and are made up of _________________.
Eukaryotic Cell Cycle
The eukaryotic cell cycle consists of four phases: ____, __, ____, and __.
_____________ is the time between cell divisions. It is a period of growth that consists of the
__________________________. The ___________ is the period of
___________________________.
G1 Phase: Cell Growth
In the G1 phase, cells ______________________ and synthesize new _______________ and
organelles.
S Phase: DNA Replication
In the S (or ______________) phase,
new DNA is __________________ when the
chromosomes are __________________.
G2 Phase: Preparing for Cell Division
In the G2 phase, many of the organelles and molecules required for cell division are produced.
M Phase: Cell Division
In eukaryotes, ____________ occurs in ____ stages: _________ and _________________.
Mitosis is the __________________________.
Cytokinesis is the ________________________________.