Table S1. Summary of authors’ expertise and publication history to support their ability to use “expert opinion” for scenario predictions on future coral reef
degradation, the efficacy of management on coral reef communities and the relative value of different coral reef functional groups to ecosystem services
Food webs and
coral reef
ecosystem structure
E.g. knowledge of
predator-prey
interactions,
competition etc.
Author expertise
Publications from the group
Yves-Marie Bozec
 Food web quantitative and qualitative
modelling in the Pacific and Caribbean,
trophic ecology of fish, trophic levels,
predator-prey models
23 peer reviewed papers
1. Trophic model of lagoonal communities in a large open atoll (Uvea, Loyalty
islands, New Caledonia) (Bozec et al., 2004)
Christopher J. Brown
 Food web modelling of fishing impacts to
marine ecosystems
3. Comparing the Benguela and Humboldt marine upwelling ecosystems with
indicators derived from inter-calibrated models (Moloney et al., 2005)
Carolina Castro
 Fieldwork in spatial and temporal dynamics
of benthic community structure; GBR and
Caribbean
Alastair R. Harborne
 Currently undertaking a three year research
fellowship in food web modelling
 First published study of the functional
response of a reef fish
Peter J. Mumby

Trophic cascades on Caribbean and Pacific
reefs, modelling ecosystem function, effects
of rugosity on reef fish assemblages, prey
escape from grouper predation, modelling
food webs
Juan-Carlos Ortiz
 Empirical and theoretical modelling of the
2. Trophic signature of coral reef fish assemblages: towards a potential
indicator of ecosystem disturbance (Bozec et al., 2005a)
4. Diet composition of carnivorous fishes from coral reef lagoons of New
Caledonia (Kulbicki et al., 2005)
5. The trophic spectrum: theory and application as an ecosystem indicator
(Gascuel et al., 2005)
6. Use of timed automata and model-checking to explore scenarios on
ecosystem models (Largouët et al., 2012)
7. Ecosystem effects of fishing can benefit fishery production causing conflicts
with conservation (Brown & Trebilco, In press)
8. Impacts of fishing low-trophic level species on marine ecosystems (Smith et
al., 2011)
9. Effects of climate-driven primary production change on marine food webs:
implications for fisheries and conservation (Brown et al., 2010)
10. The value of coordinated management of interacting ecosystem services
(White et al., 2012)
11. Seasonal variation in the functional response of a coral-reef piscivore alters
the inverse density-dependent mortality of its prey (Harborne, 2012)
effect of herbivory, corallivory and bioerosion
rate on the complexity of coral reef
ecosystems
George Roff
 Caribbean food webs and trophic links
between invertebrates, invertivores and
macroalgae
 Disease interactions on Indo-Pacific reefs
 Spatial and temporal patterns of macroalgal
phase shifts on Indo-Pacific reefs
Alice Rogers
 Size-based benthic-pelagic food web model
of Caribbean coral reef – diets, fish
production, effects of habitat complexity
 Predation and competition effects on
Diadema antillarum population recovery
12. Mangroves enhance the biomass of coral reef fish communities in the
Caribbean (Mumby et al., 2004a)
13. Fishing, trophic cascades, and the process of grazing on coral reefs
14. Marine Parks Need Sharks? Response (Chapman et al., 2006)
15. Fishing down a Caribbean food web relaxes trophic cascades (Mumby et al.,
2012)
16. Empirical relationships among resilience indicators on Micronesian reefs
(Mumby et al., 2013a)
17. Herbivory versus corallivory: are parrotfish good or bad for Caribbean coral
reefs (Mumby, 2009)
18. The impact of exploiting grazers (Scaridae) on the dynamics of Caribbean
coral reefs (Mumby, 2006)
19. Interactions of herbivory and seasonality on the dynamics of Caribbean
macroalgae (Ferrari et al., 2012b)
20. Bioerosion rates of the sponge Cliona orientalis Thiele, 1900: spatial
variation over short distances (Holmes et al., 2009)
21. Spatial patterns of parrotfish corallivory in the Caribbean: The importance
of coral taxa, density and size (Roff et al., 2011b)
22. Macroalgal associations of motile epifaunal invertebrate communities on
coral reefs (Roff et al., 2013)
23. The vulnerability of coral reef fisheries to a loss of structural complexity
(Rogers et al., 2014)
1 PeerJ pre-print
1. On the relationship between native grouper and invasive lionfish in the
Caribbean (Mumby et al., 2013b)
1 conference proceedings
1. Is sponge bioerosion increasing? (Schonberg & Ortiz, 2008)
Biology and ecology
of coral reef
functional groups
E.g. effect of
turbidity on
herbivores, effect of
marine reserves on
urchins etc.
Yves-Marie Bozec
 The Indirect facilitation of herbivory for coral
growth
16 peer reviewed papers
Carolina Castro
 Masters project looking at the functional role
of parrotfish for coral reef resilience
 PhD (ongoing): The effects of local nutrient
inputs on Halimeda predation and
productivity (consequences for sand
production and carbonate budgets)
2. Dispersal of Symbiodinium by the stoplight parrotfish Sparisoma viride
(Castro-Sanguino & Sánchez, 2012)
Alastair R. Harborne
 Co-author of study on the implications of the
mass mortality of Diadema antillarum for
Caribbean coral reef ecosystems
Alyssa Marshell
 PhD (ongoing): The ecological role/grazing
impact of herbivorous surgeonfish on coral
reefs – modelling, literature review, fieldwork
(tank and field experiments to quantify
surgeonfish grazing impact on algal turfs and
macroalgal recruitment)
Peter J Mumby
 20 years research both empirical and
theoretical on coral reefs, supervisor of 50
PhD students and post-docs
Juan-Carlos Ortiz
 Modelling univariate and multivariate
response of fish communities to different
management strategies
Alice Rogers
1. Reciprocal facilitation and non‐linearity maintain habitat engineering on
coral reefs (Bozec et al., 2013)
3. Revisiting the catastrophic die-off of the urchin Diadema antillarum on
Caribbean coral reefs: fresh insights on resilience from a simulation model
(Mumby et al., 2006b)
4. Fishing, trophic cascades, and the process of grazing on coral reefs (Mumby
et al., 2006a)
5. Revisiting the functional roles of the surgeonfish Acanthurus nigrofuscus
and Ctenochaetus striatus (Marshell & Mumby, 2012)
6. The impact of marine reserves on nekton diversity and community
composition in subtropical eastern Australia (Pillans et al., 2007)
7. Caribbean-wide decline in carbonate production threatens coral reef
growth (Perry et al., 2013)
8. Size matters in competition between corals and macroalgae (Ferrari et al.,
2012a)
9. Interaction of herbivory and seasonality on the dynamics of Caribbean
macroalgae (Ferrari et al., 2012b)
10. Sexual vs. asexual reproduction in an ecosystem engineer: the massive coral
Montastraea annularis (Foster et al., 2007)
11. Effects of physical environmental conditions on the patch dynamics of
Dictyota pulchella and Lobophora variegata on Caribbean coral reefs
(Renken et al., 2010)
12. Patch dynamics of coral reef macroalgae under chronic and acute
disturbance (Mumby et al., 2005)

PhD thesis: Recovery dynamics of the
Caribbean long-spined sea urchin Diadema
antillarum - biotic and abiotic drivers of
urchin population dynamics – modelling,
meta-analyses (Caribbean), fieldwork
(settlement rates and abundances, Curacao)
Jimena Samper-Villarreal
 MSc Tropical Coastal Management.
 PhD (ongoing): Biotic and abiotic drivers of
seagrass structural complexity and associated
factors, including grazing effects on seagrass
structural complexity (Australia, Coral Sea).
Nicholas H. Wolff
1. Modelling the impact of water quality on
coral growth, fish herbivory and crown of
thorn starfish outbreaks - combination of
modelling and in-situ observations.
The functional role
of habitat
complexity
E.g. on productivity,
on predator-prey
interactions, on
fishing efficacy
13. Bleaching and hurricane disturbances to populations of coral recruits in
Belize (Mumby, 1999)
14. Hurricane-driven patterns of clonality in an ecosystem engineer: the
Caribbean coral Montastraea annularis (Foster et al., 2013)
15. Mangroves enhance the biomass of coral reef fish communities in the
Caribbean (Mumby et al., 2004a)
16. The impact of ecosystem connectivity on coral reef resilience (Mumby &
Hastings, 2008)
1 conference proceedings
1. Recovery of Diadema antillarum and the potential for active rebuilding
measures: modelling population dynamics (Rogers & Lorenzen, 2008)
Yves-Marie Bozec
 Fish functional response to habitat structure,
habitat cascades
11 peer reviewed papers
Carolina Castro
 PhD (ongoing): The impacts of coral
complexity loss on Halimeda productivity
(consequences for sand production and
carbonate budgets)
2. Reciprocal facilitation and non‐linearity maintain habitat engineering on
coral reefs (Bozec et al., 2013)
Alastair R. Harborne
 Lead author of detailed studies of the effects
of complexity on reef fish assemblages
 Lead author of study on the effect of habitat
structure on cryptic fishes
4. The effectiveness of different meso-scale rugosity metrics for predicting
intra-habitat variation in coral-reef fish assemblages (Harborne et al.,
2012a)
1. An analysis of fish-habitat associations on disturbed coral reefs:
chaetodontid fishes in New Caledonia (Bozec et al., 2005b)
3. Biotic and multi-scale abiotic controls of habitat quality: their effect on
coral-reef fishes (Harborne et al., 2011)
5. Abiotic and biotic controls of cryptobenthic fish assemblages across a
Caribbean seascape (Harborne et al., 2012b)
Peter J Mumby
 Studies of relationship between habitat
complexity and reef fish in both Caribbean
and Pacific
 Effects of mangroves on reef fish populations
 Supervise research on trophic modelling of
systems under variable habitat complexity
Juan-Carlos Ortiz
 The role of corals as the main producers of
physical complexity in coral reef ecosystems
Alice Rogers
 Modelling the impacts of declining structural
complexity on Caribbean coral reef food
webs – prey refugia and their effects on fish
production
 PhD thesis: fieldwork exploring the role of
habitat complexity on Diadema antillarum
recovery in Curacao
Jimena Samper-Villarreal
 MSc Tropical Coastal Management.
 PhD (ongoing): Biotic and abiotic drivers of
seagrass structural complexity and associated
factors, including grazing effects on seagrass
structural complexity (Australia, Coral Sea).
Nicholas H. Wolff
 Master’s thesis: Comparison of coral reef fish
assemblages in different habitats (gorgonian
plain and coral reef) - Measured relationship
between structural complexity and fish
abundance and diversity.
6. Predicting structural complexity of reefs and fish abundance using acoustic
remote sensing (RoxAnn) (Bejarano et al., 2010)
7. Microhabitat use of juvenile coral reef fish in Palau (Ticzon et al., 2012)
8. Climate change impedes scleractinian corals as primary reef ecosystem
engineers (Wild et al., 2011)
9. The vulnerability of coral reef fisheries to a loss of structural complexity
(Rogers et al., 2014)
10. Management implications of fish trap effectiveness in adjacent coral reef
and gorgonian habitats (Wolff et al., 1999)
11. Exploring the role of environmental variables in shaping patterns of seabed
biodiversity composition in regional-scale ecosystems (Pitcher et al., 2012)



The functional role
of productivity
E.g. more
productivity, more
turf algal growth,
more detritus etc.
Lead paper examining the role of habitat
complexity on fishing efficacy of fish traps
Co-author on paper looking at environmental
drivers, including habitat complexity, of
benthic diversity and abundance across
several ecosystems (including the GBR)
Field work with Virgin Islands National Park
conducting fish, lobster and coral surveys in
nearshore reefs (3 years).
Christopher J. Brown
 Food web modelling of productivity change in
temperate and tropical ecosystems
7 peer reviewed papers
Alyssa Marshell
 PhD (ongoing): Quantifying algal turf
productivity across depth and exposure
gradients on the GBR
Peter Mumby
Studies of the drivers of algal productivity as a
function of depth, light and wave exposure both
in field and lab; model of drivers of algal
dynamics
2. Effects of physical environmental conditions on the patch dynamics of
Dictyota pulchella and Lobophora variegata on Caribbean coral reefs
(Renken et al., 2010)
George Roff
 Fieldwork experience quantifying
productivity gradients on Indo-Pacific reefs
 Lab experiments quantifying the role of iron
on productivity
Megan Saunders

Oceanic drivers of primary productivity
1. Effects of climate-driven primary production change on marine food webs:
implications for fisheries and conservation (Brown et al., 2010)
3. Modelling the dynamics of coral reef macroalgae using a Bayesian belief
network approach (Renken & Mumby, 2009)
4. Operationalizing the resilience of coral reefs in the era of climate change
(Mumby et al., 2013c)
5. Empirical relationships among resilience indicators on Micronesian reefs
(Mumby et al., 2013a)
6. Interaction of herbivory and seasonality on the dynamics of Caribbean
macroalgae (Ferrari et al., 2012b)
7. Revisiting the catastrophic die-off of the urchin Diadema antillarum on
Caribbean coral reefs: Fresh insight on resilience from a simulation model
(Mumby et al., 2006b)
2 conference presentations
1. Sawstrom C, Saunders MI, Waite AM, Patten N (2011) Phytoplankton size
structure and productivity in the Leeuwin Current off Ningaloo Reef,
Western Australia. Australian Marine Science Association, Perth, WA, 3-7
July
2. Sawstrom C, Saunders MI, Waite AM (2010) Phytoplankton productivity in
the Leeuwin Current off Ningaloo Reef, Western Australia. Australian Marine
Science Association, Perth, WA, 15-18 Nov.
Ecosystem impacts
of overfishing
E.g. changes in size
structure, trophic
cascades, keystone
species
Yves-Marie Bozec
 Effect of fishing on trophic structure and
ecosystem productivity
19 peer reviewed papers
Christopher J. Brown
 Modelling and review of effects of fishing on
low-trophic level species, and interactions
between economics and overfishing
2. The trophic spectrum: theory and application as an ecosystem indicator
(Gascuel et al., 2005)
Carolina Castro
 Fieldwork experience on the assessment of
coral reef ecosystems (fish and benthic
communities) inside and outside marine
protected areas in the Caribbean (Colombia)
Alastair R Harborne
 Co-author of study on the effect of fishing
predators on food webs
 Co-author of study on trophic relationships
between grouper and invasive lionfish
Peter J Mumby
 Studies of trophic cascades in Bahamas,
Belize and Micronesia.
Juan-Carlos Ortiz
 The effect of different fishing pressures on
1. Trophic signature of coral reef fish assemblages: towards a potential
indicator of ecosystem disturbance (Bozec et al., 2005a)
3. Reciprocal facilitation and non-linearity maintain habitat engineering on
coral reefs (Bozec et al., 2013)
4. Ecosystem effects of fishing can benefit fishery production causing conflicts
with conservation (Brown & Trebilco, In press)
5. Impacts of fishing low-trophic level species on marine ecosystems (Smith et
al., 2011)
6. Effects of climate-driven primary production change on marine food webs:
implications for fisheries and conservation (Brown et al., 2010)
7. The value of coordinated management of interacting ecosystem services
(White et al., 2012)
8. Fishing down a Caribbean food web relaxes trophic cascades (Mumby et al.,
2012)
9. Grouper as a natural biocontrol of invasive lionfish (Mumby et al., 2011b)
10. Reduced density of the herbivorous sea urchin, Diadema antillarum inside a
Caribbean marine reserve (Harborne et al., 2009)
the population size frequency distribution
and species evenness of tropical fish
communities
George Roff
 Quantifying the role of marine parks and
macroalgal associations on motile epifaunal
invertebrate communities on Caribbean coral
reefs
Nicholas H. Wolff
 Lead author on paper looking at vulnerability
of parrotfish to fish traps, particularly in low
complexity habitats
 Co-author on paper that used a model to
assess the impact of parrotfish fishing on the
resilience of Belize reefs.
11. Fishing, trophic cascades and the process of grazing on coral reefs (Mumby
et al., 2006a)
12. Trophic cascade facilitates coral recruitment in a marine reserve (Mumby et
al., 2007)
13. Stratifying herbivore fisheries by habitat to avoid ecosystem overfishing of
coral reefs (Mumby, 2014)
14. Ecological risk and the exploitation of herbivorous reef fish across
Micronesia (Bejarano et al., 2013)
15. Changes in the spear fishery of herbivores associated with closed grouper
season in Palau, Micronesia (Bejarano Chavarro et al., 2013)
16. The impact of marine reserves on nekton diversity and community
composition in subtropical eastern Australia (Pillans et al., 2007)
17. Macroalgal associations of motile epifaunal invertebrate communities on
coral reefs (Roff et al., 2013)
18. Management implications of fish trap effectiveness in adjacent coral reef
and gorgonian habitats (Wolff et al., 1999)
19. Operationalizing the resilience of coral reefs in an era of climate change
(Mumby et al., 2013c)
Ecosystem impacts
of climate change
Effects of
temperature and
CO2 on corals (cover
and recruitment),
algae, coral reef
communities
Yves-Marie Bozec
 Response of corals and reef resilience to
increasing temperatures
 Co-author on paper that used a model to
assess the impact of climate change on the
resilience of coral reefs in Belize
Christopher J. Brown
 Modelling the impacts of climate change on
food webs, meta-analysis for the impacts of
climate change to marine ecosystems
30 peer reviewed papers
1. Synergistic impacts of global warming on the resilience of coral reefs (Bozec
& Mumby, In press)
2. Global imprint of climate change on marine life (Poloczanska et al., 2013)
3. Effects of climate-driven primary production change on marine food webs:
implications for fisheries and conservation (Brown et al., 2010)
4. Seasonal and spatial heterogeneity of recent sea surface temperature
trends in the Caribbean Sea and southeast Gulf of Mexico (Chollett et al.,
Carolina Castro
 PhD (ongoing): The effects of temperature on
Halimeda dynamics (consequences for sand
production and carbonate budgets).
 Literature review on the impacts of climate
change on carbonate budgets
Iliana Chollett
 Assessment of sea warming trends in the
Caribbean and implications for reef
ecosystems
 Assessment of meso-scale thermal refugia for
coral reefs against sea warming
 Climate change impacts on artisanal reef
fisheries
 Co-author on paper that used a model to
assess the impact of climate change on the
resilience of Belize reefs.
 Writing of a successful multidisciplinary,
international (10 countries) research
proposal to the European Union for €6.7M on
the future of reefs on a changing climate
Alastair R Harborne
 Co-author of review on the impacts of
climate change on reef fishes
 Lead author of review of the effects of
climate change on reef flat fishes
Peter J Mumby
Modelling impacts of climate change on coral
reefs and carbonate budgets; supervise lab
studies of OA effects on coral recruitment;
2012)
5. Upwelling areas do not guarantee refuge for coral reefs in a warming ocean
(Chollett et al., 2010)
6. Reefs of last resort: locating and assessing thermal refugia in the wider
Caribbean (Chollett & Mumby, 2013)
7. Critical knowledge gaps in current understanding of climate change impacts
on coral reef fishes (Wilson et al., 2010)
8. The ecology, behaviour and physiology of fishes on coral reef flats, and the
potential impacts of climate change (Harborne, 2013)
9. Coral reefs under rapid climate change and ocean acidification (HoeghGuldberg et al., 2007)
10. Operationalizing the resilience of coral reefs in an era of climate change
(Mumby et al., 2013c)
11. Ocean acidification reduces coral recruitment by disrupting intimate larvalalgal settlement interactions (Doropoulos et al., 2012a)
12. Interactions among chronic and acute impacts on coral recruits: the
importance of size-escape[e thresholds (Doropoulos et al., 2012b)
13. Reserve design for uncertain responses of coral reefs to climate change
(Mumby et al., 2011a)
14. Temporal clustering of tropical cyclones and its ecosystem impacts (Mumby
et al., 2011c)
15. Climate change induces demographic resistance to disease in novel coral
assemblages (Yakob & Mumby, 2011)
16. Avoiding coral reef functional collapse requires local and global action
(Kennedy et al., 2013)
17. An ecosystem-level perspective on the host symbiont traits needed to
mitigate climate change impacts on Caribbean coral reefs (Ortiz et al., 2014)
modelling effects of cyclones on reefs; predicting 18. Can a thermally tolerant symbiont improve the future of Caribbean coral
future bleaching under uncertainty of response of
reefs? (Ortiz et al., 2013)
corals to climate change; MPA design for climate
19. The future of coral reefs (Hoegh-Guldberg et al., 2011)
change
20. Climate change impedes scleractinian corals as primary reef ecosystem
Juan-Carlos Ortiz
engineers (Wild et al., 2011)
 Empirical, theoretical and spatially explicit
21. Effects of colony size and surrounding substrate on corals experiencing a
models of the physiological and macromild bleaching event on Heron Island reef flat (southern Great Barrier Reef,
ecological effect of climate change on coral
Australia) (Ortiz et al., 2009)
reefs
George Roff
 Palaeoecological evidence for increased
storm activity associated with climate change
 Effects of temperature on the progression of
coral disease
 Recovery of coral assemblages following
bleaching
 Bacterial symbiosis and coral bleaching
Megan I. Saunders
 Effects of sea-level rise on coastal tropical
ecosystems
Jimena Samper-Villarreal
 PhD (ongoing): involving the potential of
coastal habitats for climate change
mitigation.
Nicholas H. Wolff
 Co-author on paper that used a model to
assess the impact of climate change on the
resilience of Belize reefs.
 Lead author on submitted paper that
assesses historical and future impacts of
22. Acquisition of symbiotic dinoflagellates (Symbiodinium) by juveniles of the
coral Acropora longicyathus (Gómez-Cabrera et al., 2008)
23. Response of holosymbiont pigments from Montipora sp. to short term heat
stress (Dove et al., 2006)
24. High-precision U-series ages of transported coral blocks on Heron Reef
(southern Great Barrier Reef) and storm activity during the past century (Yu
et al., 2012)
25. The ecology of ‘Acroporid white syndrome’, a coral disease from the
Southern Great Barrier Reef (Roff et al., 2011a)
26. Doom and Boom on a resilient reef: Climate change, algal overgrowth and
coral recovery (Diaz-Pulido et al., 2009)
27. Bacteria are not the primary cause of mass coral bleaching. Revisiting the
bleaching of the Mediterranean coral Oculina patagonica (Ainsworth et al.,
2008)
28. Coastal retreat and improved water quality mitigate losses of seagrass from
sea level rise (Saunders et al., 2013)
29. Simulating reef response to sea-level rise at Lizard Island: a geospatial
approach (Hamylton et al., In press)
30. Operationalizing the resilience of coral reefs in an era of climate change
(Mumby et al., 2013c)



Impacts and efficacy
of coral reef
management
strategies
Marine reserves,
FADs, coral
restoration, artificial
complexity,
herbivore fishing
bans
climate change on global reefs.
Worked on World Bank project examining
role of climate change on resilience of reefs
in the Bahamas
Working on World Bank project developing a
bleaching risk assessment tool for the
Maldives
Working on a project looking at the role of
climate change (bleaching, OA) on GBR reefs
4 papers in review
1. Adapting to the impacts of global change in an artisanal coral reef fishery
(Chollett et al., In review)
2. Impact of sea-level rise and coral mortality on the hydrodynamics and wave
forces on coral reefs: bathymetry, zonation and ecological implications
(Baldock et al., In review)
3. Interdependency of ecosystems in response to climate change (Saunders et
al., In review)
4. Global disparity between polluters and the polluted: climate change impacts
on coral reefs (Wolff et al., In review)
Carolina Castro
26 peer reviewed papers
 Expertise from a project on the assessment of 1. Managing for interactions between local and global stressors of ecosystems
the artisanal fishing and marine biodiversity
(Brown et al., 2013)
associated with artificial reefs in the
2. Interactions between global and local stresses of ecosystems determine
Colombian Caribbean
management effectiveness in cumulative impact mapping (Brown et al., In
Christopher J. Brown
press)
 Managing interactions between local and
3. Marine reserves enhance the recovery of corals on Caribbean reefs (Mumby
global stressors of ecosystems
& Harborne, 2010)
Iliana Chollett
4. Reduced density of the herbivorous urchin Diadema antillarum inside a
 Ongoing work on marine spatial planning in
Caribbean marine reserve linked to increased predation pressure by fishes
Central America
(Harborne et al., 2009)
Alastair R. Harborne
5. Reserve effects and natural variation in coral reef communities (Harborne et
 Author and co-author of a series of papers on
al., 2008)
the effects of a Caribbean marine reserve
6. Trophic cascade facilitates coral recruitment in a marine reserve (Mumby et
 Co-author of study on how to establish
al., 2007)
effective community-based reserves
7. Fishing, trophic cascades, and the process of grazing on coral reefs (Mumby
Karlo Hock
et al., 2006a)

Role of habitat connectivity on effective
management strategies
Alyssa Marshell
 MSc thesis: Population dynamics of heavily
fished unicornfish, with an emphasis on
movement patterns within a marine reserve
Peter J Mumby
2 years spent designing and implementing marine
reserves in Belize. Continued collaboration with
managers in Belize, Bonaire, Bahamas, Palau,
Australia; empirical study of reserve impacts in
Caribbean and Pacific; modelling response of
reefs to reserves, mangrove clearance, water
quality changes; fisheries options for herbivores
in both Caribbean and Pacific
Juan-Carlos Ortiz
 Modelling univariate and multivariate
response of fish communities to different
management strategies
George Roff
 Quantifying the role of marine parks and
macroalgal associations of motile epifaunal
invertebrate communities on Caribbean coral
reefs
Megan I. Saunders
 Managing interactions between local and
global stressors of ecosystems
Jimena Samper-Villarreal
 PhD (ongoing): involving the potential of
8. A framework of lessons learned from community-based marine reserves
and its effectiveness in guiding a new coastal management initiative in the
Philippines (Beger et al., 2004)
9. Passive acoustic telemetry reveals highly variable home range and
movement patterns among unicornfish within a marine reserve (Marshell et
al., 2011)
10. The impact of marine reserves on the nekton diversity and community
composition in subtropical eastern Australia (Pillans et al., 2007)
11. Remote sensing handbook for tropical coastal management (Green et al.,
2005)
12. The impact of ecosystem connectivity on coral reef resilience (Mumby &
Hastings, 2008)
13. Operationalizing the resilience of coral reefs in an era of climate change
(Mumby et al., 2013c)
14. Fishing down a Caribbean food web relaxes trophic cascades (Mumby et al.,
2012)
15. Empirical relationships among resilience indicators on Micronesian reefs
(Mumby et al., 2013a)
16. Grouper as a natural bio-control of invasive lionfish (Mumby et al., 2011b)
17. Trophic cascade facilitates coral recruitment in a marine reserve (Mumby et
al., 2007)
18. How much time can herbivore protection buy for coral reefs under realistic
regimes of hurricanes and coral bleaching? (Edwards et al., 2011)
19. Changes in the spear fishery of herbivores associated with closed grouper
seas in Palau, Micronesia (Bejarano Chavarro et al., 2013)
20. Ecological risk and the exploitation of herbivorous reef fish across
Micronesia (Bejarano et al., 2013)
coastal habitats for climate change
mitigation.
Nicholas H. Wolff
 Co-author on paper assessing efficacy of
marine reserves on resilience of Belize coral
reefs
 Scientific Lead on research cruise in the
Bahamas comparing fish and coral diversity
inside and outside a marine reserve.
21. Stratifying herbivore fisheries by habitat to avoid ecosystem overfishing of
coral reefs (Mumby, 2014)
22. Avoiding coral reef functional collapse requires local and global action
(Kennedy et al., 2013)
23. Revisiting the catastrophic die-off of the urchin Diadema antillarum on
Caribbean coral reefs: Fresh insights on resilience from a simulation model
(Mumby et al., 2006b)
24. Macroalgal associations of motile epifaunal invertebrate communities on
coral reefs (Roff et al., 2013)
25. Coastal retreat and improved water quality mitigate losses of seagrass from
sea level rise (Saunders et al., 2013)
26. Operationalizing the resilience of coral reefs in an era of climate change
(Mumby et al., 2013c)
1 paper in review
1. Connectivity networks reveal outbreak patterns of crown-of-thorns starfish
on the Great Barrier Reef (Hock et al., In review)
Value of functional
groups to
ecosystem services
E.g. What do tourists
value? Important
fisheries species,
importance of
calcifying algae for
carbonate budgets,
etc.
Carolina Castro
8 peer reviewed papers

1. The functional value of Caribbean coral reef, seagrass and mangrove
habitats to ecosystem processes. (Harborne et al., 2006)

PhD (ongoing): Extensive literature review on
the importance of calcifying algae for
carbonate budgets, sand production and
coastal protection.
Experienced dive master, with significant
knowledge on the value of coral reefs
structure and marine biodiversity for tourism
Alastair R. Harborne
 Lead author of major review on the
functional value of Caribbean tropical marine
habitats to ecosystem processes
 Co-author of study on the functional role of
2. Mangroves enhance the biomass of coral reef fish communities in the
Caribbean (Mumby et al., 2004b)
3. Fish as major carbonate mud producers and new components of the
tropical carbonate factory (Perry et al., 2011)
4. Climate change impedes scleractinean corals as primary reef ecosystem
engineers (Wild et al., 2011)
5. Bioerosion rates of the sponge Cliona orientalis Thiele, 1900: spatial
variation over short distances (Holmes et al., 2009)

mangroves as nurseries
Co-author of study on the functional role of
fishes for carbonate production
Alyssa Marshell
 5 years’ work experience as a dive instructor
in the dive tourism industry
Peter J Mumby
Studies of fisher values of reefs in Micronesia;
coordinating review of ecosystem function and
services of coral reefs; studies of fisheries
productivity and reef complexity; 20 years as a
recreational diver / photographer
Juan-Carlos Ortiz
 Identifying the role of different components
of coral reefs ecosystems to their overall
complexity
Jimena Samper-Villarreal
 MSc Tropical Coastal Management
 Two years’ experience working on a coastal
management project in Costa Rica including
community consultation and development of
indices of management of coastal resources.
6. Coral reefs habitats as surrogates of species, ecological functions and
ecosystem services (Mumby et al., 2008)
7. Changes in the spear fishery of herbivores associated with closed grouper
season in Palau, Micronesia (Bejarano Chavarro et al., 2013)
8. Ecological risk and the exploitation of herbivorous reef fish across
Micronesia (Bejarano et al., 2013)
1 conference proceedings
1. Is sponge bioerosion increasing? (Schonberg & Ortiz, 2008)
Table S2. Matrices of anticipated change in 16 coral reef functional groups, in the absence of management with future scenarios of global climate change and two
alternative levels of fishing threat for reefs with either high or low habitat complexity and high or low primary productivity
Fishing
Pressure
Moderate
overfishing
Extreme
overfishing
Habitat
Primary
complexity productivity
Large
carnivore
Benthic
piscivore
Pelagic
piscivore
Mesocarnivore
Coral
cryptic
Invertivore Planktivore Herbivore
Urchin Invertebrate Detritivore Plankton Coral Macro-algae
Turf
Detritus
High
High
-3
1
1
1
1
0
1
-3
-1
1
1
0
-2
1
1
1
Low
High
-3
-2
-2
-2
1
-2
-2
-2
0
2
2
0
-2
2
-2
2
High
Low
-3
0
0
1
0
0
1
-2
0
0
0
0
-2
0
2
0
Low
Low
-3
-2
-2
-2
-1
-2
-2
-2
2
0
-2
0
-2
0
2
0
High
High
-3
-2
-3
-3
-2
-2
-2
-2
3
-2
-2
0
-2
-3
3
-3
Low
High
-3
-2
-3
-3
-3
-3
-3
-2
3
-2
-3
0
-2
-3
3
-3
High
Low
-3
-2
-3
-3
-2
-2
-2
-2
3
-2
-2
0
-2
-3
3
-3
Low
Low
-3
-2
-3
-3
-3
-3
-3
-2
3
-2
-3
0
-2
-3
3
-3
Table S3. Matrix depicting the effect of a marine reserve on 16 coral reef functional groups with either high or low habitat complexity and high or low primary productivity
Habitat
complexity
Primary
productivity
Large
carnivore
Benthic
piscivore
Pelagic
piscivore
Mesocarnivore
Herbivore
Coral
cryptic
Urchin
Invertebrate
Detritivore
High
High
3
3
2
1
2
-1
3
-1
-1
-3
-2
0
Low
High
1
1
1
0
1
-1
1
-2
-2
-1
-2
High
Low
3
3
2
1
2
-1
2
-1
-1
-3
Low
Low
1
1
1
0
1
-1
1
-2
-2
-2
Invertivore Planktivore
Plankton Coral
Macro-algae
Turf
Detritus
0
-3
3
-3
0
0
-1
1
-1
-2
0
0
-3
-3
-3
-2
0
0
-2
2
-2
Table S4. Matrix depicting the effect of artificial habitat complexity on 16 coral reef functional groups with either high or low primary productivity
Habitat
complexity
Primary
productivity
Large
carnivore
Benthic
piscivore
Pelagic
piscivore
Mesocarnivore
Low
High
0
3
3
3
0
Low
Low
0
2
2
3
1
Herbivore
Coral
cryptic
Urchin
Invertebrate
Detritivore
2
3
-1
-1
-1
-1
0
2
3
0
-2
0
2
0
Invertivore Planktivore
Plankton Coral
Macro-algae
Turf
Detritus
0
-1
3
-1
0
0
0
0
Table S5. Matrix depicting the effect of a herbivore fishing ban on 16 coral reef functional groups with either high or low habitat complexity and high or low primary
productivity
Habitat
complexity
Primary
productivity
Large
carnivore
Benthic
piscivore
Pelagic
piscivore
Mesocarnivore
Herbivore
Coral
cryptic
Urchin
Invertebrate
Detritivore
High
High
0
0
0
1
0
0
3
0
-1
-2
0
0
Low
High
0
0
0
1
0
0
3
0
-1
-1
0
High
Low
0
0
0
1
0
0
3
0
-1
-1
Low
Low
0
0
0
1
0
0
3
0
-1
0
Invertivore Planktivore
Plankton Coral
Macro-algae
Turf
Detritus
0
-2
0
0
0
0
-1
0
0
0
0
0
-1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Table S6. Matrix depicting the effect of a well-managed herbivore fishery on 16 coral reef functional groups with either high or low habitat complexity and high or low
primary productivity
Habitat
complexity
Primary
productivity
Large
carnivore
Benthic
piscivore
Pelagic
piscivore
Mesocarnivore
Herbivore
Coral
cryptic
Urchin
Invertebrate
Detritivore
High
High
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
-2
0
0
0
Low
High
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
-2
0
0
High
Low
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
-2
0
Low
Low
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
-2
0
Invertivore Planktivore
Plankton Coral
Macro-algae
Turf
Detritus
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Table S7. Matrix depicting the effect of live coral restoration on 16 coral reef functional groups with either high or low habitat complexity and high or low primary
productivity
Habitat
complexity
Primary
productivity
Large
carnivore
Benthic
piscivore
Pelagic
piscivore
Mesocarnivore
Herbivore
Coral
cryptic
Urchin
Invertebrate
Detritivore
High
High
1
1
0
1
1
2
3
3
-1
-2
0
0
Low
High
0
1
0
1
1
1
2
2
-2
-2
0
High
Low
1
1
0
1
1
2
2
2
-1
-2
Low
Low
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
2
-2
-2
Invertivore Planktivore
Plankton Coral
Macro-algae
Turf
Detritus
2
-2
2
-2
0
2
-2
2
-2
0
0
2
-2
2
-2
0
0
2
-2
2
-2
Table S8. Matrix depicting the effect of pelagic fish aggregation devices on 16 coral reef functional groups with either high or low habitat complexity and high or low
primary productivity
Habitat
complexity
Primary
productivity
Large
carnivore
Benthic
piscivore
Pelagic
piscivore
Mesocarnivore
Herbivore
Coral
cryptic
Urchin
Invertebrate
Detritivore
High
High
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Low
High
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
High
Low
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Low
Low
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Invertivore Planktivore
Plankton Coral
Macro-algae
Turf
Detritus
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Table S9. Matrix depicting the relative value of 16 coral reef functional groups to each of 14 ecosystem services
Ecosystem
service
Large
carnivore
Benthic
piscivore
Pelagic
piscivore
Aquaculture
3
3
3
3
0
0
Aquarium trade
0
0
0
0
4.5
Biotechnology
0
0
0
0
Carbonate budgets
1.5
1.5
1.5
MesoInvertivore Planktivore Herbivore
carnivore
Coral
cryptic
Urchin
0
0
0
0
6
6
6
4.5
1.5
4.5
0
0
0
0
0
1.5
1.5
1.5
4.5
3
-6
Invertebrate Detritivore Plankton
Coral
Macro-algae
Turf
Detritus
0
4.5
6
0
0
0
0
6
0
0
0
4.5
0
3
4.5
6
3
0
3
1.5
0
6
4.5
0
0
Fisheries
6
4.5
6
3
3
1.5
3
0
1.5
0
1.5
0
0
0
0
0
Habitat provision
0
0
0
0
0
0
6
0
4.5
1.5
0
0
6
3
0
0
Nutrient cycling
1.5
1.5
1.5
0
1.5
1.5
1.5
3
1.5
3
6
6
1.5
0
0
Primary production
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
4.5
6
0
Recreational fisheries
6
6
6
4.5
3
1.5
4.5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Sand production
0
0
0
0
0
0
4.5
0
6
3
0
0
6
6
0
0
Shoreline protection
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
-6
0
0
0
6
1.5
0
0
Species Richness
3
1.5
1.5
3
4.5
3
1.5
3
1.5
6
3
6
4.5
4.5
4.5
Tourism
6
6
6
3
4.5
4.5
4.5
1.5
1.5
4.5
1.5
0
3
0
0
Water quality control
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.5
1.5
1.5
4.5
6
0
0
0
1.5
0
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Mumby PJ, Harborne AR (2010) Marine reserves enhance the recovery of corals on Caribbean reefs. Plos One, 5,
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Mumby PJ, Harborne AR, Brumbaugh DR (2011b) Grouper as a natural biocontrol of invasive lionfish. Plos One, 6,
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Mumby PJ, Harborne AR, Williams J et al. (2007) Trophic cascade facilitates coral recruitment in a marine reserve.
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Mumby PJ, Hastings A (2008) The impact of ecosystem connectivity on coral reef resilience. Journal of Applied
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Mumby PJ, Hedley JD, Zychaluk K, Harborne AR, Blackwell PG (2006b) Revisiting the catastrophic die-off of the urchin
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Ecological Modelling, 196, 131-148.
Mumby PJ, Steneck RS, Edwards AJ, Ferrari R, Coleman R, Harborne AR, Gibson JP (2012) Fishing down a Caribbean
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Mumby PJ, Vitolo R, Stephenson DB (2011c) Temporal clustering of tropical cyclones and its ecosystem impacts.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 108, 17626-17630.
Mumby PJ, Wolff NH, Bozec Y-M, Chollett I, Halloran P (2013c) Operationalizing the resilience of coral reefs in an era
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Ortiz J-C, González-Rivero M, Mumby P (2014) An ecosystem-level perspective on the host and symbiont traits
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Ortiz JC, González-Rivero M, Mumby PJ (2013) Can a thermally tolerant symbiont improve the future of Caribbean
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Perry CT, Murphy GN, Kench PS, Smithers SG, Edinger EN, Steneck RS, Mumby PJ (2013) Caribbean-wide decline in
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Renken H, Mumby PJ (2009) Modelling the dynamics of coral reef macroalgae using a Bayesian belief network
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Yakob L, Mumby PJ (2011) Climate change induces demographic resistance to disease in novel coral assemblages.
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