Song et al. Page 1 Supplementary Table S1. Telomeric silencing associated with histone ubiquitylation and methylation, related to supplementary Fig. S3 and S4. TEL05R TEL07L Gene Deletion Phenotype Reference Phenotypea Phenotypeb Reference RAD6 ++ [1,2] +++++ +++++++ [2,3] BRE1 ++ +++++ +++++++ [3] LGE1 ++ +++++ ++++++ UBP8 NC NC NC [4] UBP10 NC +++ NC [4,5,6] SET1 ++ +++++ ++++++ [8,9,10] SET2 −−− − −− [9] DOT1 ++ [11] +++++ ++++ [5,9,11,12] SIR2 ++ [1] +++++ +++++++ [13,14] RPD3 −−−−−− [1] −−− −−−− [15] [7] A summary of the silencing phenotypes at the telomere-proximal regions in various deletion lines. Rad6 is an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme, and Bre1 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase; Ubp8 and Ubp10 are histone H2B deubiquitylases. Lge1 is a Bre1-associated protein that promotes H2B ubiquitylation [16]. Set1, Set2, and Dot1 are histone H3 lysine methyltransferases that methylate lysine residues at lysine 4, lysine 36, and lysine 79, respectively. Strains lacking Sir2 or Rpd3 were used as controls. TEL05R, the right-end telomere of chromosome V; TEL07L, the left-end telomere of chromosome VII; +, increase in URA3 expression caused by a disruption of silencing; −, decrease in URA3 expression caused by enhanced silencing; NC, no change. aUCC1111 background. bUCC1001 background. Histone Ubiquitylation Regulates Lifespan Song et al. Page 2 Supplementary Table S2. rDNA silencing associated with histone ubiquitylation and methylation, related to supplementary Fig. S3. rDNA Gene Deletion Phenotype Reference RAD6 +++ [17] BRE1 ++ LGE1 ++ UBP8 −−−− UBP10 ++ [5] SET1 ++ [7] SET2 −−−− DOT1 NC [5] SIR2 ++ [1,13,18] RPD3 −−−− [1,18] A summary of the silencing phenotypes at the rDNA locus in various deletion lines. Strains lacking Sir2 or Rpd3 were used as controls for this assay. See supplementary Table S1 for details. Histone Ubiquitylation Regulates Lifespan Song et al. Page 3 Supplementary Table S3. HM silencing associated with histone ubiquitylation and methylation, related to supplementary Fig. S3 and S4. HMR HML Gene Deletion Phenotype Reference Phenotype Reference RAD6 +++++ [2] +++++ [2] BRE1 +++++ +++++++ LGE1 +++++ +++++++ UBP8 NC NC UBP10 + [5] NC [5] SET1 +++++ [7] ++++ [7] SET2 −−− [19] NC DOT1 +++++ [5] + [5] SIR2 +++++ [20] +++++++ [13] RPD3 −−−− [21] −−−−− A summary of the silencing phenotypes at the HM loci in various deletion lines. Strains lacking Sir2 or Rpd3 were used as controls for this assay. See supplementary Table S1for details. Histone Ubiquitylation Regulates Lifespan Song et al. Page 4 Supplementary Table S4. Strains used in this study. Figure Strain Genotype Fig. 1 YKH045 MATa ura3-1 leu2-3,112 his3-11,15 trp1-1 ade2-1 htb1-1 htb2-1 pRS314 [FLAG-HTB1-CEN-TRP1] pRG145 [GAPDHprom-3HA-UBI4-URA3 Integrative] Fig. 2A BY4741 FY124 MATa his3Δ1 leu2Δ0 met15Δ0 ura3Δ0 MATa his3Δ1 leu2Δ0 met15Δ0 rad6Δ::KanMX4 MATa his3Δ1 leu2Δ0 met15Δ0 bre1Δ::KanMX4 MATa his3Δ1 leu2Δ0 met15Δ0 lge1Δ::KanMX4 FY127 FY167 Fig. 2B Y131 Y133 YZS276 YZS277 Fig. 2C YKH045 YKH046 YKH047 Fig. 2D BY4741 FY231 SY387a Fig. 2E YKH045 SY390 SY394 Source ura3Δ0 Euroscarf ura3Δ0 Euroscarf ura3Δ0 Euroscarf MATa ura3-1 leu2-3,112 his3-11,15 trp1-1 ade2-1 can1-100 hta1Δ-htb1Δ::LEU2 hta2Δ-htb2Δ::URA3 (non-functional) pRS426-HTA1-HTB1 MATa ura3-1 leu2-3,112 his3-11,15 trp1-1 ade2-1 can1-100 hta1Δ-htb1Δ::LEU2 hta2Δ-htb2Δ::URA3 (non-functional) pRS426-HTA1-htb1-K123R MATa ura3-1 leu2-3,112 his3-11,15 trp1-1 ade2-1 can1-100 hta1Δ-htb1Δ::LEU2 hta2Δ-htb2Δ::URA3 (non-functional) pRS413-HTA1-FLAG-HTB1 MATa ura3-1 leu2-3,112 his3-11,15 trp1-1 ade2-1 can1-100 hta1Δ-htb1Δ::LEU2 hta2Δ-htb2Δ::URA3 (non-functional) pRS413-HTA1-FLAG-htb1-K123R See Fig. 1 MATa ura3-1 leu2-3,112 his3-11,15 trp1-1 ade2-1 htb1-1 htb2-1 pRS314 [FLAG-htb1-K123R-CENTRP1] pRG145 [GAPDHprom-3HA-UBI4-URA3 Integrative] MATa ura3-1 leu2-3,112 his3-11,15 trp1-1 ade2-1 htb1-1 htb2-1 ubp8Δ::KanMX4 pRS314 [FLAG-HTB1CEN-TRP1] pRG145 [GAPDHprom-3HA-UBI4-URA3 Integrative] See Fig. 2A MATa his3Δ1 ubp8Δ::KanMX4 MATa his3Δ1 ubp10Δ::KanMX6 Mary Ann Osley [24] Mary Ann Osley [24] Mary Ann Osley & C. David Allis [25,26] Mary Ann Osley & C. David Allis [25,26] Jerry L. Workman & Shelley L. Berger [22,23] Jerry L. Workman & Shelley L. Berger [22,23] met15Δ0 ura3Δ0 Euroscarf leu2Δ0 met15Δ0 ura3Δ0 This study From BY4741 This study From YKH045 This study From See Fig. 1 MATa ura3-1 leu2-3,112 his3-11,15 trp1-1 ade2-1 htb1-1 htb2-1 sir2Δ::KanMX4 pRS314 [FLAG-HTB1CEN-TRP1] pRG145 [GAPDHprom-3HA-UBI4-URA3 Integrative] MATa ura3-1 leu2-3,112 his3-11,15 trp1-1 ade2-1 htb1-1 htb2-1 sir2Δ::KanMX4 pRS314 [FLAG-htb1K123R-CEN-TRP1] pRG145 [GAPDHprom-3HAUBI4-URA3 Integrative] BY4741 FY124 FY127 FY231 SY387 See Fig. 2A See Fig. 2A See Fig. 2A See Fig. 2D See Fig. 2D Fig. S1 and S2 YKH045 See Fig. 1 Fig. S3A UCC1111 MATa ura3Δ0 leu2Δ0 trp1Δ63 his3Δ200 ade2Δ::hisG lys2Δ0 met15Δ0 adh4::URA3-TEL (VII-L) hhf2hht2::MET15 hhf1-hht1::LEU2 pRS412 (ADE2 CEN ARS) - HHF2-HHT2 MATa ura3Δ0 leu2Δ0 trp1Δ63 his3Δ200 ade2Δ::hisG lys2Δ0 met15Δ0 adh4::URA3-TEL (VII-L) hhf2- Histone Ubiquitylation Regulates Lifespan [22,23] leu2Δ0 Fig. 3 SY420 Jerry L. Workman & Shelley L. Berger Note (Reference) YKH046 Kevin Struhl & Mark R. Parthun [11,27] This study From UCC1111 Song et al. Page 5 SY421 SY422 SY423 SY424 SY238 SY365 SY189 SY190 SY191 Fig. S3B UCC1188 SY469 SY470 SY471 SY472 SY473 SY345 SY368 hht2::MET15 hhf1-hht1::LEU2 rad6Δ::KanMX4 pRS412 (ADE2 CEN ARS) - HHF2-HHT2 MATa ura3Δ0 leu2Δ0 trp1Δ63 his3Δ200 ade2Δ::hisG lys2Δ0 met15Δ0 adh4::URA3-TEL (VII-L) hhf2hht2::MET15 hhf1-hht1::LEU2 bre1Δ::KanMX4 pRS412 (ADE2 CEN ARS) - HHF2-HHT2 MATa ura3Δ0 leu2Δ0 trp1Δ63 his3Δ200 ade2Δ::hisG lys2Δ0 met15Δ0 adh4::URA3-TEL (VII-L) hhf2hht2::MET15 hhf1-hht1::LEU2 lge1Δ::KanMX4 pRS412 (ADE2 CEN ARS) - HHF2-HHT2 MATa ura3Δ0 leu2Δ0 trp1Δ63 his3Δ200 ade2Δ::hisG lys2Δ0 met15Δ0 adh4::URA3-TEL (VII-L) hhf2hht2::MET15 hhf1-hht1::LEU2 ubp8Δ::KanMX4 pRS412 (ADE2 CEN ARS) - HHF2-HHT2 MATa ura3Δ0 leu2Δ0 trp1Δ63 his3Δ200 ade2Δ::hisG lys2Δ0 met15Δ0 adh4::URA3-TEL (VII-L) hhf2hht2::MET15 hhf1-hht1::LEU2 ubp10Δ::KanMX6 pRS412 (ADE2 CEN ARS) - HHF2-HHT2 MATa ura3Δ0 leu2Δ0 trp1Δ63 his3Δ200 ade2Δ::hisG lys2Δ0 met15Δ0 adh4::URA3-TEL (VII-L) hhf2hht2::MET15 hhf1-hht1::LEU2 sir2Δ::KanMX4 pRS412 (ADE2 CEN ARS) - HHF2-HHT2 MATa ura3Δ0 leu2Δ0 trp1Δ63 his3Δ200 ade2Δ::hisG lys2Δ0 met15Δ0 adh4::URA3-TEL (VII-L) hhf2hht2::MET15 hhf1-hht1::LEU2 rpd3Δ::KanMX6 pRS412 (ADE2 CEN ARS) - HHF2-HHT2 MATa ura3Δ0 leu2Δ0 trp1Δ63 his3Δ200 ade2Δ::hisG lys2Δ0 met15Δ0 adh4::URA3-TEL (VII-L) hhf2hht2::MET15 hhf1-hht1::LEU2 set1Δ::KanMX4 pRS412 (ADE2 CEN ARS) - HHF2-HHT2 MATa ura3Δ0 leu2Δ0 trp1Δ63 his3Δ200 ade2Δ::hisG lys2Δ0 met15Δ0 adh4::URA3-TEL (VII-L) hhf2hht2::MET15 hhf1-hht1::LEU2 set2Δ::KanMX4 pRS412 (ADE2 CEN ARS) - HHF2-HHT2 MATa ura3Δ0 leu2Δ0 trp1Δ63 his3Δ200 ade2Δ::hisG lys2Δ0 met15Δ0 adh4::URA3-TEL (VII-L) hhf2hht2::MET15 hhf1-hht1::LEU2 dot1Δ::KanMX4 pRS412 (ADE2 CEN ARS) - HHF2-HHT2 MATa ura3(-52 or -167) leu2Δ1 trp1(Δ901 or ::HIS3) his3Δ200 lys2-801 RDN1::URA3 hhf2-hht2::HIS3 hhf1hht1::LEU2 pMP9 (LYS2 CEN ARS) - HHF2-HHT2 MATa ura3(-52 or -167) leu2Δ1 trp1(Δ901 or ::HIS3) his3Δ200 lys2-801 RDN1::URA3 hhf2-hht2::HIS3 hhf1hht1::LEU2 rad6Δ::KanMX4 pMP9 (LYS2 CEN ARS) HHF2-HHT2 MATa ura3(-52 or -167) leu2Δ1 trp1(Δ901 or ::HIS3) his3Δ200 lys2-801 RDN1::URA3 hhf2-hht2::HIS3 hhf1hht1::LEU2 bre1Δ::KanMX4 pMP9 (LYS2 CEN ARS) HHF2-HHT2 MATa ura3(-52 or -167) leu2Δ1 trp1(Δ901 or ::HIS3) his3Δ200 lys2-801 RDN1::URA3 hhf2-hht2::HIS3 hhf1hht1::LEU2 lge1Δ::KanMX4 pMP9 (LYS2 CEN ARS) HHF2-HHT2 MATa ura3(-52 or -167) leu2Δ1 trp1(Δ901 or ::HIS3) his3Δ200 lys2-801 RDN1::URA3 hhf2-hht2::HIS3 hhf1hht1::LEU2 ubp8Δ::KanMX4 pMP9 (LYS2 CEN ARS) HHF2-HHT2 MATa ura3(-52 or -167) leu2Δ1 trp1(Δ901 or ::HIS3) his3Δ200 lys2-801 RDN1::URA3 hhf2-hht2::HIS3 hhf1hht1::LEU2 ubp10Δ::KanMX6 pMP9 (LYS2 CEN ARS) - HHF2-HHT2 MATa ura3(-52 or -167) leu2Δ1 trp1(Δ901 or ::HIS3) his3Δ200 lys2-801 RDN1::URA3 hhf2-hht2::HIS3 hhf1hht1::LEU2 sir2Δ::KanMX4 pMP9 (LYS2 CEN ARS) HHF2-HHT2 MATa ura3(-52 or -167) leu2Δ1 trp1(Δ901 or ::HIS3) Histone Ubiquitylation Regulates Lifespan This study From UCC1111 This study From UCC1111 This study From UCC1111 This study From UCC1111 This study From UCC1111 This study From UCC1111 This study From UCC1111 This study From UCC1111 This study From UCC1111 Daniel E. Gottschling [12] This study From UCC1188 This study From UCC1188 This study From UCC1188 This study From UCC1188 This study From UCC1188 This study From UCC1188 This study From Song et al. Page 6 SY474 SY475 SY476 Fig. S3C UCC7262 SY445 SY446 SY447 SY448 SY449 SY346 SY369 SY450 SY451 SY452 his3Δ200 lys2-801 RDN1::URA3 hhf2-hht2::HIS3 hhf1hht1::LEU2 rpd3Δ::KanMX6 pMP9 (LYS2 CEN ARS) HHF2-HHT2 MATa ura3(-52 or -167) leu2Δ1 trp1(Δ901 or ::HIS3) his3Δ200 lys2-801 RDN1::URA3 hhf2-hht2::HIS3 hhf1hht1::LEU2 set1Δ::KanMX4 pMP9 (LYS2 CEN ARS) HHF2-HHT2 MATa ura3(-52 or -167) leu2Δ1 trp1(Δ901 or ::HIS3) his3Δ200 lys2-801 RDN1::URA3 hhf2-hht2::HIS3 hhf1hht1::LEU2 set2Δ::KanMX4 pMP9 (LYS2 CEN ARS) HHF2-HHT2 MATa ura3(-52 or -167) leu2Δ1 trp1(Δ901 or ::HIS3) his3Δ200 lys2-801 RDN1::URA3 hhf2-hht2::HIS3 hhf1hht1::LEU2 dot1Δ::KanMX4 pMP9 (LYS2 CEN ARS) HHF2-HHT2 MATa ura3(Δ0 or -52) leu2(Δ0 or Δ1) trp1Δ63 his3Δ200 ade2(::hisG or -101) met15Δ0 or MET15 lys2(Δ0 or -801) ADE2-TEL-VR hmr::URA3 hhf2hht2::MET15 hhf1-hht1::LEU2 pMP9 (LYS2 CEN ARS) - HHF2-HHT2 MATa ura3(Δ0 or -52) leu2(Δ0 or Δ1) trp1Δ63 his3Δ200 ade2(::hisG or -101) met15Δ0 or MET15 lys2(Δ0 or -801) ADE2-TEL-VR hmr::URA3 hhf2hht2::MET15 hhf1-hht1::LEU2 rad6Δ::KanMX4 pMP9 (LYS2 CEN ARS) - HHF2-HHT2 MATa ura3(Δ0 or -52) leu2(Δ0 or Δ1) trp1Δ63 his3Δ200 ade2(::hisG or -101) met15Δ0 or MET15 lys2(Δ0 or -801) ADE2-TEL-VR hmr::URA3 hhf2hht2::MET15 hhf1-hht1::LEU2 bre1Δ::KanMX4 pMP9 (LYS2 CEN ARS) - HHF2-HHT2 MATa ura3(Δ0 or -52) leu2(Δ0 or Δ1) trp1Δ63 his3Δ200 ade2(::hisG or -101) met15Δ0 or MET15 lys2(Δ0 or -801) ADE2-TEL-VR hmr::URA3 hhf2hht2::MET15 hhf1-hht1::LEU2 lge1Δ::KanMX4 pMP9 (LYS2 CEN ARS) - HHF2-HHT2 MATa ura3(Δ0 or -52) leu2(Δ0 or Δ1) trp1Δ63 his3Δ200 ade2(::hisG or -101) met15Δ0 or MET15 lys2(Δ0 or -801) ADE2-TEL-VR hmr::URA3 hhf2hht2::MET15 hhf1-hht1::LEU2 ubp8Δ::KanMX4 pMP9 (LYS2 CEN ARS) - HHF2-HHT2 MATa ura3(Δ0 or -52) leu2(Δ0 or Δ1) trp1Δ63 his3Δ200 ade2(::hisG or -101) met15Δ0 or MET15 lys2(Δ0 or -801) ADE2-TEL-VR hmr::URA3 hhf2hht2::MET15 hhf1-hht1::LEU2 ubp10Δ::KanMX6 pMP9 (LYS2 CEN ARS) - HHF2-HHT2 MATa ura3(Δ0 or -52) leu2(Δ0 or Δ1) trp1Δ63 his3Δ200 ade2(::hisG or -101) met15Δ0 or MET15 lys2(Δ0 or -801) ADE2-TEL-VR hmr::URA3 hhf2hht2::MET15 hhf1-hht1::LEU2 sir2Δ::KanMX4 pMP9 (LYS2 CEN ARS) - HHF2-HHT2 MATa ura3(Δ0 or -52) leu2(Δ0 or Δ1) trp1Δ63 his3Δ200 ade2(::hisG or -101) met15Δ0 or MET15 lys2(Δ0 or -801) ADE2-TEL-VR hmr::URA3 hhf2hht2::MET15 hhf1-hht1::LEU2 rpd3Δ::KanMX6 pMP9 (LYS2 CEN ARS) - HHF2-HHT2 MATa ura3(Δ0 or -52) leu2(Δ0 or Δ1) trp1Δ63 his3Δ200 ade2(::hisG or -101) met15Δ0 or MET15 lys2(Δ0 or -801) ADE2-TEL-VR hmr::URA3 hhf2hht2::MET15 hhf1-hht1::LEU2 set1Δ::KanMX4 pMP9 (LYS2 CEN ARS) - HHF2-HHT2 MATa ura3(Δ0 or -52) leu2(Δ0 or Δ1) trp1Δ63 his3Δ200 ade2(::hisG or -101) met15Δ0 or MET15 lys2(Δ0 or -801) ADE2-TEL-VR hmr::URA3 hhf2hht2::MET15 hhf1-hht1::LEU2 set2Δ::KanMX4 pMP9 (LYS2 CEN ARS) - HHF2-HHT2 MATa ura3(Δ0 or -52) leu2(Δ0 or Δ1) trp1Δ63 Histone Ubiquitylation Regulates Lifespan UCC1188 This study From UCC1188 This study From UCC1188 This study From UCC1188 Daniel E. Gottschling [12] This study From UCC7262 This study From UCC7262 This study From UCC7262 This study From UCC7262 This study From UCC7262 This study From UCC7262 This study From UCC7262 This study From UCC7262 This study From UCC7262 This study From Song et al. Page 7 his3Δ200 ade2(::hisG or -101) met15Δ0 or MET15 lys2(Δ0 or -801) ADE2-TEL-VR hmr::URA3 hhf2hht2::MET15 hhf1-hht1::LEU2 dot1Δ::KanMX4 pMP9 (LYS2 CEN ARS) - HHF2-HHT2 Fig. S4A UCC1001 SY425 SY426 SY427 SY428 SY429 SY049 SY432 SY430 SY431 SY067 Fig. S4B UCC506 SY433 SY434 SY435 SY436 SY437 SY344 SY367 SY438 SY439 SY440 Fig. S4C UCC7266 SY457 SY458 SY459 SY460 MATa ura3-52 leu2Δ1 trp1Δ1 his3Δ200 ade2-101 TELadh4::URA3 MATa ura3-52 leu2Δ1 trp1Δ1 his3Δ200 ade2-101 TELadh4::URA3 rad6Δ::KanMX4 MATa ura3-52 leu2Δ1 trp1Δ1 his3Δ200 ade2-101 TELadh4::URA3 bre1Δ::KanMX4 MATa ura3-52 leu2Δ1 trp1Δ1 his3Δ200 ade2-101 TELadh4::URA3 lge1Δ::KanMX4 MATa ura3-52 leu2Δ1 trp1Δ1 his3Δ200 ade2-101 TELadh4::URA3 ubp8Δ::KanMX4 MATa ura3-52 leu2Δ1 trp1Δ1 his3Δ200 ade2-101 TELadh4::URA3 ubp10Δ::KanMX6 MATa ura3-52 leu2Δ1 trp1Δ1 his3Δ200 ade2-101 TELadh4::URA3 sir2Δ::KanMX4 MATa ura3-52 leu2Δ1 trp1Δ1 his3Δ200 ade2-101 TELadh4::URA3 rpd3Δ::KanMX6 MATa ura3-52 leu2Δ1 trp1Δ1 his3Δ200 ade2-101 TELadh4::URA3 set1Δ::KanMX4 MATa ura3-52 leu2Δ1 trp1Δ1 his3Δ200 ade2-101 TELadh4::URA3 set2Δ::KanMX4 MATa ura3-52 leu2Δ1 trp1Δ1 his3Δ200 ade2-101 TELadh4::URA3 dot1Δ::KanMX4 lys2-801 MATa ura3-52 leu2Δ1 trp1Δ1 his3Δ200 ade2-101 URA3-TEL-VR MATa ura3-52 leu2Δ1 trp1Δ1 his3Δ200 ade2-101 URA3-TEL-VR rad6Δ::KanMX4 MATa ura3-52 leu2Δ1 trp1Δ1 his3Δ200 ade2-101 URA3-TEL-VR bre1Δ::KanMX4 MATa ura3-52 leu2Δ1 trp1Δ1 his3Δ200 ade2-101 URA3-TEL-VR lge1Δ::KanMX4 MATa ura3-52 leu2Δ1 trp1Δ1 his3Δ200 ade2-101 URA3-TEL-VR ubp8Δ::KanMX4 MATa ura3-52 leu2Δ1 trp1Δ1 his3Δ200 ade2-101 URA3-TEL-VR ubp10Δ::KanMX6 MATa ura3-52 leu2Δ1 trp1Δ1 his3Δ200 ade2-101 URA3-TEL-VR sir2Δ::KanMX4 MATa ura3-52 leu2Δ1 trp1Δ1 his3Δ200 ade2-101 URA3-TEL-VR rpd3Δ::KanMX6 MATa ura3-52 leu2Δ1 trp1Δ1 his3Δ200 ade2-101 URA3-TEL-VR set1Δ::KanMX4 MATa ura3-52 leu2Δ1 trp1Δ1 his3Δ200 ade2-101 URA3-TEL-VR set2Δ::KanMX4 MATa ura3-52 leu2Δ1 trp1Δ1 his3Δ200 ade2-101 URA3-TEL-VR dot1Δ::KanMX4 UCC7262 lys2-801 E.J. Cho & Daniel E. Gottschling This study lys2-801 This study lys2-801 This study lys2-801 This study lys2-801 This study lys2-801 This study lys2-801 This study lys2-801 This study lys2-801 This study lys2-801 This study lys2-801 lys2-801 Daniel E. Gottschling This study lys2-801 This study lys2-801 This study lys2-801 This study lys2-801 This study lys2-801 This study lys2-801 This study lys2-801 This study lys2-801 This study lys2-801 This study MATa ura3(Δ0 or -52) leu2(Δ0 or Δ1) trp1Δ63 his3Δ200 lys2(Δ0 or -801) ADE2-TEL-VR hml::URA3 hhf2-hht2::MET15 hhf1-hht1::LEU2 pMP9 (LYS2 CEN ARS) - HHF2-HHT2 MATa ura3(Δ0 or -52) leu2(Δ0 or Δ1) trp1Δ63 his3Δ200 lys2(Δ0 or -801) ADE2-TEL-VR hml::URA3 hhf2-hht2::MET15 hhf1-hht1::LEU2 rad6Δ::KanMX4 pMP9 (LYS2 CEN ARS) - HHF2-HHT2 MATa ura3(Δ0 or -52) leu2(Δ0 or Δ1) trp1Δ63 his3Δ200 lys2(Δ0 or -801) ADE2-TEL-VR hml::URA3 hhf2-hht2::MET15 hhf1-hht1::LEU2 bre1Δ::KanMX4 pMP9 (LYS2 CEN ARS) - HHF2-HHT2 MATa ura3(Δ0 or -52) leu2(Δ0 or Δ1) trp1Δ63 his3Δ200 lys2(Δ0 or -801) ADE2-TEL-VR hml::URA3 hhf2-hht2::MET15 hhf1-hht1::LEU2 lge1Δ::KanMX4 pMP9 (LYS2 CEN ARS) - HHF2-HHT2 MATa ura3(Δ0 or -52) leu2(Δ0 or Δ1) trp1Δ63 Daniel E. Gottschling [12] This study From UCC7266 This study From UCC7266 This study From UCC7266 This study From Histone Ubiquitylation Regulates Lifespan [28,29] From UCC1001 From UCC1001 From UCC1001 From UCC1001 From UCC1001 From UCC1001 From UCC1001 From UCC1001 From UCC1001 From UCC1001 [30] From UCC506 From UCC506 From UCC506 From UCC506 From UCC506 From UCC506 From UCC506 From UCC506 From UCC506 From UCC506 Song et al. Page 8 SY461 SY347 SY370 SY462 SY463 SY464 Fig. S5 a UCC1111 SY420 SY421 SY423 SY424 his3Δ200 lys2(Δ0 or -801) ADE2-TEL-VR hml::URA3 hhf2-hht2::MET15 hhf1-hht1::LEU2 ubp8Δ::KanMX4 pMP9 (LYS2 CEN ARS) - HHF2-HHT2 MATa ura3(Δ0 or -52) leu2(Δ0 or Δ1) trp1Δ63 his3Δ200 lys2(Δ0 or -801) ADE2-TEL-VR hml::URA3 hhf2-hht2::MET15 hhf1-hht1::LEU2 ubp10Δ::KanMX6 pMP9 (LYS2 CEN ARS) - HHF2-HHT2 MATa ura3(Δ0 or -52) leu2(Δ0 or Δ1) trp1Δ63 his3Δ200 lys2(Δ0 or -801) ADE2-TEL-VR hml::URA3 hhf2-hht2::MET15 hhf1-hht1::LEU2 sir2Δ::KanMX4 pMP9 (LYS2 CEN ARS) - HHF2-HHT2 MATa ura3(Δ0 or -52) leu2(Δ0 or Δ1) trp1Δ63 his3Δ200 lys2(Δ0 or -801) ADE2-TEL-VR hml::URA3 hhf2-hht2::MET15 hhf1-hht1::LEU2 rpd3Δ::KanMX6 pMP9 (LYS2 CEN ARS) - HHF2-HHT2 MATa ura3(Δ0 or -52) leu2(Δ0 or Δ1) trp1Δ63 his3Δ200 lys2(Δ0 or -801) ADE2-TEL-VR hml::URA3 hhf2-hht2::MET15 hhf1-hht1::LEU2 set1Δ::KanMX4 pMP9 (LYS2 CEN ARS) - HHF2-HHT2 MATa ura3(Δ0 or -52) leu2(Δ0 or Δ1) trp1Δ63 his3Δ200 lys2(Δ0 or -801) ADE2-TEL-VR hml::URA3 hhf2-hht2::MET15 hhf1-hht1::LEU2 set2Δ::KanMX4 pMP9 (LYS2 CEN ARS) - HHF2-HHT2 MATa ura3(Δ0 or -52) leu2(Δ0 or Δ1) trp1Δ63 his3Δ200 lys2(Δ0 or -801) ADE2-TEL-VR hml::URA3 hhf2-hht2::MET15 hhf1-hht1::LEU2 dot1Δ::KanMX4 pMP9 (LYS2 CEN ARS) - HHF2-HHT2 UCC7266 This study From UCC7266 This study From UCC7266 This study From UCC7266 This study From UCC7266 This study From UCC7266 This study From UCC7266 See Fig. S3A See Fig. S3A See Fig. S3A See Fig. S3A See Fig. S3A The deletion strain UBP10 (SY387) was generated by replacing the open reading frame of UBP10 with the KanMX6 marker using the pFA6-KanMX6 plasmid [31]. For the other gene deletion strains, each indicated gene was deleted by high efficiency transformation using PCR products amplified from genomic DNA in which the target gene of interest had already been replaced by KanMX4 (Euroscarf, Frankfurt, Germany). All deletion strains were confirmed by PCR using gene-specific and deletion cassette-specific primers. Histone Ubiquitylation Regulates Lifespan Song et al. Page 9 Supplementary Table S5. oligonucleotide sequences used in ChIP. Fig. Name Sequence Source Fig. 1B TEL05R-1-for (5385-5407) TEL05R-1-rev (5432-5454) TEL05R-2-for (6648-6671) TEL05R-2-rev (6703-6725) TEL05R-3-for (6867-6888) TEL05R-3-rev (6947-6970) TEL06R-1-for (74-93) TEL06R-1-rev (323-344) TEL06R-2-for (496-516) TEL06R-2-rev (768-787) TEL06R-3-for (7388-7411) TEL06R-3-rev (7632-7651) TEL07L-1-for (148-177) TEL07L-1-rev (263-289) TEL07L-2-for (492-515) TEL07L-2-rev (542-564) TGTAGACCATCACGTGGTTTGTT CGTTTGTTGAAGACGAACCAGAT CATCCATCCCTCTACTTCCTACCA TGGAGTTGGATATGGGTAATTGG TGCCATACTCACCCTCACTTGT CCATGGAGTGGAATGTGAGAGTAG ACCCAGTCCTCATTTCCATC TTTTTACGTTTAGCTGAGTTTA ATCCTTAAGTAAAACACATTC AGGATTTTAGCAACGACTTC CATTGTGGCACTATTAACGAGAGG ATGCGAAATAAGAACACGAT AACCACCATCCATCTCTCTACTTACTACTA AGAACAACAGTACAGTGAGTAGGACATG TCAGTACTAAATGCACCCACATCA TGGGTAAATGGCACAGGGTATAG [32] [32] [32] [32] [32] [32] [33] [33] [33] [33] [33] [33] [32] [32] [32] [32] Fig. 3 See Fig. 1B Fig. S1C and S1D See Fig. 1B rDNA-1-for (ChXII 463118-463137) rDNA-1-rev (ChXII 463344-463363) rDNA-2-for (ChXII 460408-460427) rDNA-2-rev (ChXII 460632-460651) rDNA-3-for (ChXII 459359-459378) rDNA-3-rev (ChXII 459590-459609) rDNA-4-for (ChXII 458177-458196) rDNA-4-rev (ChXII 458425-458444) HMR-1-for (ChIII 293848-293872) HMR-1-rev (ChIII 294338-294362) GTGGTGTCTGATGAGCGTGT [34] TCCCTCAGGATAGCAGAAGC [34] TCCCCACTGTTCACTGTTCA [34] AGGGCTTTCACAAAGCTTCC [34] GCCACCATCCATTTGTCTTT [34] GAGGTGTTATGGGTGGAGGA [34] AAGATGCCCACGATGAGACT [34] GGGAGGTACTTCATGCGAAA [34] GTAGTATGGCGGAAAACATAAACAG [35] AGAAAAACCCGACTATGCTATTTTA [35] Fig. S2 See Fig. S1 Fig. S5 TEL07L-URA3-1-for (123- 144)a TEL07L-URA3-1-rev (306-329)a TEL07L-URA3-2-for (732- 756)a TEL07L-URA3-2-rev (1003-1024)a TEL07L-URA3-3-for (4912- 4933)a TEL07L-URA3-3-rev (5141-5164)a TEL07L-URA3-4-for (15987-16009)a TEL07L-URA3-4-rev (16261-16281)a CCCAGCCTGCTTTTCTGTAACG This study TGGGTGGAAGAGATGAAGGTTACG This study TGGGACCTAATGCTTCAACTAACTC This study GGAAGAACGAAGGAAGGAGCAC This study ATTTCCTCTCCCTGCCATCCTC This study GCTCTCCTCCCACAAAATAATCTT This study GAATAATCGGCTGTAATCGGACC This study ACCAACCGGATCAGGCAAGAC This study ChrV NO-ORF-forb ChrV NO-ORF-revb GGCTGTCAGAATATGGGGCCGTAGTA CACCCCGAAGCTGCTTTCACAATAC [36,37] [36,37] Fig. 1B, 3, S1, S2, and S5 Histone Ubiquitylation Regulates Lifespan Song et al. Page 10 The primer locations denote the distance from the TG1-3 repeats at the end of each chromosome (+1), unless otherwise indicated. a The nucleotide numbers are relative to the first nucleotide of the URA3 initiation codon (+1). b Primers used to amplify the non-transcribed regions of chromosome V. Histone Ubiquitylation Regulates Lifespan Song et al. Page 11 Supplementary Table S6. Antibodies used in this study. Specificity Supplier Catalog # Applications Anti-H3 Abcam ab1791 ChIP Anti-H3K4me3 Abcam ab8580 ChIP Anti-H3K36me3 Abcam ab9050 ChIP Anti-H3K79me3 Abcam ab2621 ChIP Anti-H4 Abcam ab31827 ChIP, WB Anti-H4K16ac Millipore 07-329 ChIP, WB Anti-Sir2 Santa Cruz Biotechnology sc-6666 ChIP, WB Anti-HA Roche 12CA5 ChIP Histone Ubiquitylation Regulates Lifespan Song et al. Page 12 Supplementary Table S7. Mean lifespans and p-values for lifespan analysis, related to Fig. 2. Strain A Strain B Figure a p-values Name Meana nb Name Meana nb Fig. 2A WT (BY4741) WT (BY4741) WT (BY4741) 24.5 24.5 24.5 50 50 50 rad6∆ bre1∆ lge1∆ 12.1 12.4 18.5 48 48 48 1.5×10-11 5.5×10-12 6.1×10-3 Fig. 2B HTA1-HTB1,CEN (YZS276) HTA1-HTB1,CEN ( YZS276) HTA1-HTB1,CEN ( YZS276) 21.4 50 13.3 50 6.9×10-7 21.4 50 13.6 38 6.2×10-5 21.4 50 HTA1-htb1-K123R,CEN ( YZS277) HTA1-HTB1, 2μ (Y131) HTA1-htb1-K123R, 2μ (Y133) 12.0 39 2.3×10-7 Fig. 2C WT (YKH045) WT (YKH045) 15.9 15.9 49 49 htb1-K123R (YKH046) ubp8∆ (YKH047) 10.2 19.0 50 49 1.7×10-3 0.12 Fig. 2D WT (BY4741) WT (BY4741) 36.3 36.3 50 50 ubp8∆ ubp10∆ 40.8 26.3 46 49 0.27 1.5×10-3 Fig. 2E WT (YKH045) WT (YKH045) sir2∆ 18.4 18.4 11.7 50 50 46 sir2∆ sir2∆+ htb1-K123R sir2∆+ htb1-K123R 11.7 10.0 10.0 46 50 50 6.1×10-5 2.2×10-6 0.14 Mean lifespan; bnumber of cells analyzed in each experiment. Histone Ubiquitylation Regulates Lifespan Song et al. Page 13 Supplementary legends Supplementary Fig. S1. Histone levels at the telomere, rDNA and HMR Loci were decreased in aged Cells, related to Fig. 1. (A) Western blot analysis of extracts from young and aged cells (strain YKH045) using the indicated antibodies. The membrane was stained with Ponceau S as a loading control (bottom). Average bud scar numbers for both types of cells are shown in parentheses. (B) Schematic diagrams of the TEL05R, TEL06R, TEL07L, HMR, and rDNA loci. The bars and numbers below each locus show the positions of the PCR products used in ChIP analysis. (C) ChIP analysis of histones H3, H4, and H2B at the TEL06R, rDNA, and HMR loci as described in Fig. 1B. Quantitative histone levels were used to normalize the ChIP results for acetylated H4 and methylated H3 in Fig. 1B and supplementary Fig. S1D. (D) ChIP analysis of telomere-proximal regions in young and aged cells (strain YKH045). Antibodies against Sir2 and H4K16ac were used to immunoprecipitate chromatin. The results for acetylated H4 were further normalized to the total H4 signals. Supplementary Fig. S2. Changes in Sir2 levels and histone modifications at the rDNA and HMR Loci in aged Cells, related to Fig. 1. (A-B) ChIP analysis of rDNA (A) and HMR (B) regions in young and aged cells (strain YKH045). Antibodies against Sir2, H4K16ac, H3K4me3, H3K36me3, and H3K79me3 were used to immunoprecipitate chromatin. To analyze the levels of ubiquitylated H2B, a ChDIP assay was carried out as described in Fig. 1B. All methods and procedures were performed as described in Fig. 1. Supplementary Fig. S3. Histone H2B ubiquitylation and H3 lysine methylation regulate Sir2mediated heterochromatin silencing. (A-C) To examine silencing at the telomeric, rDNA, and HMR regions, the indicated genes were deleted in strains UCC1111, UCC1188, and Histone Ubiquitylation Regulates Lifespan Song et al. Page 14 UCC7262, all of which contain a URA3 reporter gene, as shown in the diagram. Exponentially growing cells were spotted onto SC, SC-Ura, and 5-FOA plates at 5-fold dilutions and further incubated at 30°C for 1-3 days. Strains lacking SIR2 or RPD3 were used as controls. Supplementary Fig. S4. Histone H2B ubiquitylation and H3 lysine methylation regulate Sir2mediated heterochromatic silencing. (A-C) To determine silencing at telomeric and HML regions, the indicated genes were deleted in strains UCC1001, UCC506, and UCC7266, all of which contain a URA3 reporter gene, as shown in the diagram. All methods and procedures were performed as described in supplementary Fig. S3. Supplementary Fig. S5. Histone H2B ubiquitylation regulates Sir2 association at the URA3based TEL07L region, related to Fig. 3. (A) A schematic diagram of the URA3 reporter at TEL07L is shown in the top panel. The bars and numbers below the subtelomeric region show the positions of the PCR products used for the ChIP analysis and their distances from the telomeric DNA sequence (TG1-3). 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