DRAFT HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN
FOR
KENNEBEC COUNTY, MAINE
Hallowell, Maine, April, 1987. Kennebec Journal photo
Kennebec County Emergency Management Agency
125 State Street
Augusta, Maine 04330
Revision Draft January, 2011
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Table of Contents
Section 1 Introduction
Setting .......................................................................................................... 1-1
Size .............................................................................................................. 1-2
County Government ..................................................................................... 1-2
Local Government ........................................................................................ 1-2
Major Employers........................................................................................... 1-3
Household Income........................................................................................ 1-3
Population .................................................................................................... 1-3
Section 2 Prerequisites
1. Adoption by the Local Governing Body ................................................... 2-1
2. Multi-Jurisdictional Plan Adoption ............................................................ 2-1
Resolution .................................................................................................... 2-3
Section 3 Planning Process
3. Multi-Jurisdictional Planning Participation ................................................ 3-1
A. Description of how each jurisdiction participated ................................. 3-1
B. Identification of all participating jurisdictions ........................................ 3-2
4. Documentation of the Planning Process .................................................. 3-4
A. Narrative description of the process followed ..................................... 3-4
B. People who were involved in the planning process ............................ 3-5
C. How the public was given an opportunity to be heard ........................ 3-6
D. Opportunities for neighboring communities, etc. ................................. 3-7
E. How the planning team reviewed and analyzed each section ............. 3-8
Section 4 Risk Assessment
Introduction ................................................................................................... 4-1
5. Identifying Hazards .................................................................................. 4-1
Description of All Natural Hazards Affecting the County ......................... 4-1
Rating of Hazards ................................................................................... 4-4
6. Profiling Hazards ..................................................................................... 4-9
Flooding .................................................................................................. 4-9
Introduction ............................................................................................. 4-9
A. Location of hazard ........................................................................... 4-11
B. Extent (severity) of the hazard ......................................................... 4-11
C. Previous Occurrences ..................................................................... 4-14
D. Probability of Occurrence ................................................................ 4-15
ii
Severe Winter Storm Events ................................................................. 4-17
A. Location of hazard ........................................................................... 4-17
B. Extent (severity) of the hazard ......................................................... 4-17
C. Previous Occurrences ..................................................................... 4-18
D. Probability of Occurrence ................................................................ 4-20
Wildfire .................................................................................................. 4-21
Introduction ........................................................................................... 4-21
A. Location of hazard ........................................................................... 4-21
B. Extent (severity) of the hazard ......................................................... 4-21
C. Previous Occurrences ..................................................................... 4-22
D. Probability of Occurrence ................................................................ 4-24
7. Assessing Vulnerability: Overview ......................................................... 4-25
A. Vulnerability of Kennebec County to each hazard ........................... 4-25
B. Impacts of each hazard on Kennebec County ................................. 4-26
8. Assessing Vulnerability: Addressing Repetitive Loss Properties ........... 4-27
9. Assessing Vulnerability: Identifying Structures ....................................... 4-27
A. Vulnerability of existing buildings, infrastructure .............................. 4-28
B. Vulnerability of future buildings, infrastructure ................................. 4-31
10. Assessing Vulnerability: Estimating Potential Losses ........................... 4-33
Overview ............................................................................................... 4-48
Flooding ................................................................................................ 4-48
Winter storms ........................................................................................ 4-50
Wildfires ................................................................................................ 4-51
11. Assessing Vulnerability: Analyzing Development Trends ..................... 4-54
12. Multi-Jurisdictional Risk Assessment ................................................... 4-58
Municipal Maps........................................................................................... 4-59
County Map ........................................................................................... 4-60
Albion .................................................................................................... 4-61
Augusta ................................................................................................. 4-62
Belgrade ................................................................................................ 4-63
Benton ................................................................................................... 4-64
Chelsea ................................................................................................. 4-65
China ..................................................................................................... 4-66
Clinton ................................................................................................... 4-67
Farmingdale .......................................................................................... 4-68
Fayette .................................................................................................. 4-69
Gardiner ................................................................................................ 4-70
Hallowell ................................................................................................ 4-71
Litchfield ................................................................................................ 4-72
Manchester ........................................................................................... 4-73
Monmouth ............................................................................................. 4-74
Mount Vernon........................................................................................ 4-75
iii
Oakland ................................................................................................. 4-76
Pittston .................................................................................................. 4-77
Randolph ............................................................................................... 4-78
Readfield ............................................................................................... 4-79
Rome .................................................................................................... 4-80
Sidney ................................................................................................... 4-81
Unity Township...................................................................................... 4-82
Vassalboro ............................................................................................ 4-83
Vienna ................................................................................................... 4-84
Waterville .............................................................................................. 4-85
Wayne ................................................................................................... 4-86
West Gardiner ....................................................................................... 4-87
Windsor ................................................................................................. 4-88
Winslow ................................................................................................. 4-89
Winthrop ................................................................................................ 4-90
Section 5 Mitigation Strategies
13. Local Hazard Mitigation Goals ................................................................ 5-1
14. Identification and Analysis of Mitigation Actions ..................................... 5-2
General Goals, Objectives and Mitigation Actions ................................. 5-3
Rating of Actions ........................................................................ 5-23
Prioritized Mitigation Projects ............................................................... 5-25
15. Identification and Analysis of Mitigation Actions: NFIP ......................... 5-38
A. Participation in the NFIP .................................................................. 5-38
B. Actions related to continued compliance with the NFIP ................... 5-39
16. Implementation of Mitigation Actions .................................................... 5-39
A. How the actions are prioritized ......................................................... 5-39
B. How the actions will be implemented and administered .................. 5-40
C. Use of a cost-benefit analysis .......................................................... 5-40
D. Benchmarks for progress................................................................. 5-40
17. Multi-jurisdictional mitigation actions .................................................... 5-40
A. Identifiable actions specific to jurisdictions....................................... 5-41
B. Status of mitigation actions .............................................................. 5-41
Section 6 Plan Maintenance Procedures
18. Monitoring, Evaluating and Updating the Plan ........................................ 6-1
A. Monitoring the plan ............................................................................ 6-1
B. Evaluating the plan ............................................................................ 6-2
C. Updating the plan .............................................................................. 6-2
19. Incorporation into Existing Planning Mechanisms .................................. 6-2
A. Identification of local planning mechanisms ....................................... 6-2
B. Process for incorporating mitigation strategies ................................. 6-4
C. Explanation of how local governments incorporated strategies ......... 6-5
iv
20. Continued public involvement ................................................................. 6-5
APPENDIX
v
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION
Understanding that the Local Mitigation Plan requirements in §201.6 of the Interim Final Rule
applies to local jurisdictions, the County of Kennebec, State of Maine decided to complete a
multi-jurisdictional mitigation plan to include and incorporate each of its member towns. This is
due to the fact that the majority of these communities are too small to complete such an
undertaking on their own. This county-wide mitigation planning effort encouraged agencies at
all levels, local residents, businesses, and the non-profit sector to participate in the mitigation
planning and implementation process. This broader public participation enabled the
development of mitigation measures that are supported by these various stakeholders and
reflects the need of the county-wide community.
Although the Rule criteria for the local plans requires that communities only address natural
hazards, the Kennebec County Hazard Mitigation Planning Team decided to include man-made
and technological hazards. We agreed with FEMA that in many instances, natural disasters
have secondary effects, such as dams breaking due to floods, or hazardous material releases
due to tornadoes. Multi-hazard plans will better prepare communities in the event of such
disasters.
The Kennebec County Hazard Mitigation Plan includes the following sections:





Prerequisites
Planning Process
Risk Assessment
Mitigation Strategy
Plan Maintenance Procedures
Setting
Kennebec County, located in Central Maine, in the State of Maine, displays the scenic beauty
of the lush Maine forests and farmlands of the inland hills, yielding harvests both cultivated
and wild.
The major water body in Kennebec County is the Kennebec River which rises from the
headwaters of Moosehead Lake in Piscataquis County and flows south approximately 145
miles through five counties before joining the Androscoggin River in Merrymeeting Bay. The
Kennebec River Basin occupies approximately 5,900 square miles of southwestern Maine.
The upper two thirds of the basin above Waterville are hilly and mountainous and the lower
third has a more gentle topography. The river passes through 13 Kennebec County
communities and has periodically caused major flooding in Augusta, Hallowell and Gardiner,
and lesser flooding problems in other communities.
In recent years, ice jams have occurred more frequently in the Kennebec between Augusta
and Gardiner. In 2010, a large ice jam formed in Augusta, then moved south to Hallowell,
Farmingdale and Gardiner where it stayed for a number of weeks. Heavy rains or snowmelt
could have caused extensive flooding, but the ice finally broke free and moved down the
river, thus easing the potential for flooding.
Introduction
1-6
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Size
The County consists of 117,114 residents living in 56,364 households. The County contains
951.18 square miles, 91.2% land surface (867.58 square miles) and 8.8% water. This derives
results in a population density of 135 people per square mile. There are no U.S. Census
designated Metropolitan areas in the County.
County Government
The County government contains the County Sheriff's Department and County Jail, County
Clerk's Office, County Treasurer's Office, Registrar of Deeds, Probate Judge, Assistant District
Attorney, and the Emergency Management Office. The municipalities are responsible for Tax
Collection, Clerk's Office, Road Maintenance and Snow Removal, Refuse Collection, Land Use
Planning, Code Enforcement, Animal Control, Fire Protection, and Cemetery Maintenance
Local Government
There are twenty-five incorporated towns, one unorganized township and four incorporated
cities; one which is the "shiretown" or county seat of Augusta.
Cities. All cities in Maine have local charters granted by the Maine Legislature that provide
for a representative form of government - meaning they have a city council that serves as the
legislative body. The city council is elected by and answerable to the citizens. The office of
mayor varies considerably from city to city, with only a few acting as chief executive officer.
Some mayors are elected by the vote of the people, while others are elected by a vote of
their fellow councilors. Kennebec County’s cities include Augusta, Waterville, Gardiner and
Hallowell. Cities are not defined by population. In fact, the City of Hallowell had a year 2000
population of 2,501, about the size of a large town.
Towns. Towns remain the cornerstone of local government. A Maine community becomes a
town when it is incorporated by a special act of the legislature. At that time, it is given certain
privileges and responsibilities. Under Home Rule, towns may take any action or change their
form of government in any way not denied or precluded by state or federal law. The voters of
the town constitute its legislative body. Day-to-day governance of towns has expanded from
the original board of selectmen to include town managers, town councils, budget committees,
municipal departments and various professional managers. In a small number of mostly
larger towns, the council exerts legislative control without a town meeting. In others, a ballot
vote is used to approve the budget rather than the open town meeting.
Townships/Unorganized territory. Maine is unique among eastern states in having half its
land mass, or more than 10 million acres, in an unorganized territory. Most of it is in the
northern and easternmost counties. There is no local, incorporated municipal government.
Collectively, the Unorganized Territory has a population of 9,000 residents, which is 0.68
percent of the State’s population.
Provision of services and property tax administration for the Unorganized Territory is shared
among various State and County agencies. Law enforcement and public road maintenance is
the County’s responsibility. Taxes are paid to the State Property Tax Division. The State’s
Introduction
1-7
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Land Use Regulation Commission (LURC) establishes basic rules. Services are provided by
the State, by counties and by contract with nearby towns and school districts. Unity Township
is the only township in Kennebec County’s portion of the Unorganized Territory. In the year
2000, there were 31 people living in Unity Township.
Major Employers
Five Four of the largest employers in the County are the State of Maine government, Maine
General Medical Center, Huhtamaki Corporation Waterville and Central Maine Power Company.
and the L.L. Bean Company Waterville.
Household Income
Median household income in Kennebec County in the year 2000 ($36,498) was somewhat
less than for Maine as a whole ($37,240) and considerably lower than the figure for the entire
United State ($41,994).
Population
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Kennebec County had a population of 117,114 people
in the year 2000. Since 1980, the County has been growing very slowly and at a rate less
than that of the State of Maine. As shown in the table below, The County’s population grew
by only 5% from 1980 to 1990, and only 1% from 1990 to 2000.
Population of Kennebec County and Maine
1930-2000
Year
Kennebec County
Maine
1930
70,691
797,423
1940
77,231
847,226
1950
83,881
914,950
1960
89,150
970,689
1970
95,247
992,048
1980
109,889
1,124,660
1990
115,904
1,227,928
2000
117,114
1,274,923
2009 (est)
121,090
1,318,301
1970-80 change
15%
13%
1980-90 change
5%
9%
1990-00 change
1%
4%
Source: U.S. Census
The table on the next page, which is based on the 2000 Census, shows that Kennebec
County is composed of relatively small communities when compared to the rest of the
country. Even the cities of Augusta, Waterville, Gardiner and Hallowell are quite small
compared to national standards.
Introduction
1-8
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Municipal Population Year 2000
Town/City
Albion
Augusta
Belgrade
Benton
Chelsea
China
Clinton
Farmingdale
Fayette
Gardiner
Hallowell
Litchfield
Manchester
Monmouth
Mount Vernon
Oakland
Pittston
Randolph
Readfield
Rome
Sidney
Unity Township
Vassalboro
Vienna
Waterville
Wayne
West Gardiner
Windsor
Winslow
Winthrop
TOTAL
Year Round
Population
1,946
18,560
2,978
2,557
2,559
4,106
3,340
2,804
1,040
6,198
2,467
3,110
2,465
3,785
1,524
5,959
2,548
1,911
2,360
980
3,514
31
4,047
527
15,605
1,112
2,902
2,204
7,743
6,232
Median
Age
36.8
40.3
39.5
38.1
39.3
36.8
35.7
38.9
40.5
38.1
42.4
38.5
41.5
37.6
39.8
37.0
39.7
38.6
38.4
39.3
36.4
50.3
37.3
42.8
35.6
43.5
37.1
36.5
40.8
41.9
Density
50.1
335.1
68.9
90.0
131.2
82.4
76.1
250.2
35.6
395.6
420.1
83.1
116.3
111.0
40.2
231.5
79.2
897.6
80.8
38.6
83.2
3.0
91.4
21.8
1,148.7
57.8
117.8
63.6
210.1
199.5
117,114
Total
Homes
805
9,480
2,007
1,069
1,015
2,029
1,409
1,273
690
2,702
1,243
1,595
1,181
1,801
956
2,847
1,070
884
1,148
941
1,518
20
1,838
367
6,819
753
1,308
952
3,591
3,053
56,365
Introduction
1-9
Year Rd Household
Size
Homes
719
2.68
8,565
2.11
1,178
2.52
1,013
2.52
959
2.57
1,549
2.65
1,278
2.61
1,202
2.30
417
2.49
2,510
2.41
1,145
2.06
1,190
2.61
977
2.52
1,435
2.63
603
2.52
2,352
2.53
1,010
2.52
829
2.30
867
2.72
386
2.54
1,314
2.66
15
2.07
1,549
2.60
214
2.46
6,218
2.13
465
2.39
1,115
2.60
846
2.61
3,268
2.35
2,495
2.42
47,683
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
County Demographic Profile – Kennebec County, State of Maine, USA
Measure
2000
1990
Kennebec Kennebec
2000
Maine
2000
USA
Population
Total Population
117,114
115,904
1,274,923
281,421,906
% White
97.5
98.9
96.9
62.6
% Black
0.3
0.2
0.5
12.3
% American Indian
0.4
0.3
0.6
0.9
% Asian
0.6
0.4
0.7
3.6
%Hispanic Origin
0.7
0.4
0.7
12.5
Households
Total Households
47,683
43,889
518,200
105,480,101
Household Units
56,364
51,648
651,901
115,904,641
2.38
2.55
2.39
2.6
36,498
28,616
37,240
41,994
Persons Below Poverty, % 1997
10.8
10.2
10.9
12.4
Children Below Poverty, % 1997
13.2
11.9
13.0
16.1
Average Household Size
Income
Median Household Income $
Sex and Age
Median age, Total Population
38.7
34.2
38.6
35.3
% Female
51.5
51.8
51.3
50.9
% Male
48.5
48.2
48.7
49.1
% Under 5 Years
5.5
6.7
5.5
6.8
% 18 and Over
76.2
74.8
76.4
74.3
% 65 and Over
14.2
13.4
14.4
12.4
Population Density (sq. mi.)
135.0
133.6
41.3
79.6
Introduction
1 - 10
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
SECTION 2 PREREQUISITES
1. Adoption by the Local Governing Body
Requirement §201.6(c)(5): (The local hazard mitigation plan shall include) documentation
that the plan has been formally adopted by the governing body of the jurisdiction requesting
approval of the plan (e.g. City Council, County Commissioner, Tribal Council).
Elements A. Has the local governing body adopted (the) new or updated plan?
B. Is supporting documentation, such as a resolution, included for each
participating jurisdiction?
Not Applicable. This Plan is a multi-jurisdictional plan.
2. Multi-Jurisdictional Plan Adoption
Requirement §201.6(c)(5): For multi-jurisdictional plans, each jurisdiction requesting
approval of the plan must document that it has been formally adopted.
Elements A. Does the new or updated plan indicate the specific jurisdictions represented
in the plan?
B. For each jurisdiction, has the local governing body adopted (the) new or
updated plan?
C. Is supporting documentation, such as a resolution, included for each
participating jurisdiction?
This plan is a multi-jurisdiction plan. The Kennebec County Hazard Mitigation Plan is a
multi-jurisdictional plan and has been prepared by a Hazard Mitigation Planning Team
hosted by the Kennebec County Emergency Management Agency with representatives from
the county and municipal governments. The Planning Team also met or spoke with state
officials, local regional planning commission and other officials of each of the 29
municipalities to collect their comments and recommendations on the identification of
hazards, assessment of vulnerabilities and risks, and the determination of mitigation goals and
measures.
Municipalities that participated in the preparation of this plan include the following (Kennebec
County participated on behalf of Unity Township):
Albion
Augusta
Belgrade
Benton
Chelsea
China
Clinton
Farmingdale
Fayette
Gardiner
Hallowell
Litchfield
Prerequisites
2 - 11
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Manchester
Monmouth
Mount Vernon
Oakland
Pittston
Randolph
Readfield
Rome
Sidney
Unorganized Territory
Vassalboro
Vienna
Waterville
Wayne
West Gardiner
Windsor
Winslow
Winthrop
A copy of the resolution that will be adopted by each participating municipality is shown on
the next page. Kennebec County will adopt the resolution on behalf of Unity Township.
Prerequisites
2 - 12
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
RESOLUTION
Whereas, natural and man-made disasters may occur at any time, we recognize that to lesson
the impacts of these disasters we will save resources, property and lives in Kennebec County;
And whereas the creation of a Hazard Mitigation Plan is necessary for the development of a risk
assessment and effective mitigation strategy;
And whereas, the 25 towns, 1 unorganized township and the 4 cities of Kennebec County as well
as Kennebec County (on behalf of Unity Township) are committed to the mitigation goals and
measures as presented in this plan;
Therefore the Kennebec County Commissioners, Augusta City Council, Gardiner City Council,
Hallowell City Council, Waterville City Council, and the Boards of Selectmen/Councilors of the
25 Incorporated Towns hereby adopt the 2005 2011 Kennebec County Hazard Mitigation
Plan, and
Therefore, Kennebec County, acting on behalf of Unity Township hereby adopts the 2011
Kennebec County Hazard Mitigation Plan.
AUTHORIZING SIGNATURES
Town/City of _______________________
_______________________________ _______________________________ ______________
Name
Position
Date
_______________________________ _______________________________ ______________
Name
Position
Date
_______________________________ _______________________________ ______________
Name
Position
Date
_______________________________ _______________________________ ______________
Name
Position
Date
Prerequisites
2 - 13
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
SECTION 3 PLANNING PROCESS
3. Multi-Jurisdictional Planning Participation
Requirement §201.6(a)(3): Multi-jurisdictional plans (e.g., watershed plans) may be
accepted, as appropriate, as long as each jurisdiction has participated in the
process…Statewide plans will not be accepted as multi-jurisdictional plans.
Elements A. Does the new or updated plan describe how each jurisdiction participated in
the plan’s development?
B. Does the updated plan identify all participating jurisdictions, including new,
continuing, and the jurisdictions that no longer participate in the plan?
In compliance with §201.4(b) and §201.4(c)(1) Kennebec County held all its planning
meetings as open forums. Press releases and the Internet were utilized to advertise and
explain the mitigation planning process to the public. The Planning Team included
opportunities for the public and our neighboring counties to comment on the plan at all
stages of its formation. The Team reviewed the existing county and municipal
emergency plans and incorporated information as appropriate. The following describes our
documentation of the planning process, including how the plan was prepared, who was
involved in the process and how the public was involved.
A.
Description of how each jurisdiction participated in the Plan’s development
The jurisdictions in Kennebec County participated in the preparation of this Plan in a
variety of ways. While meeting attendance provides a solid measure of local interest
and support, not all local officials have the time and resources to attend them. Meeting
participation is also hampered by the fact that many local officials have full-time jobs in
addition to their municipal responsibilities. Accordingly, participation in the preparation
of this Plan has been construed to include many venues including:





Return of Kennebec County Mitigation Planning Municipal Survey (this survey was
sent out in March of 2010 by the Kennebec County Emergency Management
Agency);
Participation in flooding/ice jam meetings for municipalities along the Kennebec
that are vulnerable to flooding or ice jam damages;
Individual Meetings – Kennebec County EMA and officials from specific
jurisdictions;
Attendance at Kennebec County EMA meetings at which the Plan was discussed
(in 2010, Kennebec EMA met separately with each community to distribute the
Kennebec County Emergency Operations Plan and discuss the hazard mitigation
plan – see signatures in the Appendix);
Submittal of information for projects included in Plan.
The following table documents how each jurisdiction participated in the preparation of
this Plan.
Planning Process
3 - 14
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Summary of Local Participation
Jurisdiction
Return of
2010
Survey
Ice Jam Individual
Meetings* Meetings
Albion
Augusta
X
X
Belgrade
Benton
Chelsea
X
China
X
Clinton
Farmingdale
Fayette
Gardiner
X
X
Hallowell
X
X
Litchfield
Manchester
Monmouth
Mount Vernon
Oakland
X
Pittston
Randolph
X
Readfield
Rome
Sidney
X
Unorganized (Unity
Township)**
Vassalboro
X
Vienna
X
Waterville
Wayne
West Gardiner
Windsor
X
Winslow
Winthrop
* Only towns affected by ice jams/flooding attended
** Unorganized territory
B.
EMA
Meetings
Projects
in Plan
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Identification of all participating jurisdictions, including new, continuing and
jurisdictions that no longer participate in the plan.
The following table identifies all jurisdictions that participated in the preparation of the
2005 Plan and this 2011 Plan.
Planning Process
3 - 15
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Summary of Participating Municipalities
“X” indicates participation; “-” indicates non-participation
Jurisdiction
Albion
Augusta
Belgrade
Benton
Chelsea
China
Clinton
Farmingdale
Fayette
Gardiner
Hallowell
Litchfield
Manchester
Monmouth
Mount Vernon
Oakland
Pittston
Randolph
Readfield
Rome
Sidney
Unorganized (Unity
Township)
Vassalboro
Vienna
Waterville
Wayne
West Gardiner
Windsor
Winslow
Winthrop
Participated in 2005 Plan
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Participated in 2011Plan
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Planning Process
3 - 16
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
4. Documentation of the Planning Process
Requirement §201.6(b): In order to develop a more comprehensive approach to reducing
the effects of natural disasters, the planning process shall include:
(1) An opportunity for the public to comment on the plan during the drafting stage and prior to
plan approval;
(2) An opportunity for neighboring communities, local and regional agencies involved in
hazard mitigation activities, and agencies that have the authority to regulate development,
as well as businesses, academia and other private and non-profit interests to be involved
in the planning process; and
(3) Review and incorporation, if appropriate, of existing plans, studies, reports, and technical
information.
Requirement §201.6(c)(1): (The plan shall document) the planning process used to develop
the plan, including how it was prepared, who was involved in the process, and how the public
was involved.
Elements A. Does the plan provide a narrative description of the process followed to
prepare the new or updated plan?
B. Does the new or updated plan indicate who was involved in the current
planning process? (For example, who led the development at the staff level and
were there any external contributors such as contractors? Who participated in
the plan committee, provided information, reviewed drafts, etc).
C. Does the new or updated plan indicate how the public was involved? (was
the public provided an opportunity to comment on the plan during the drafting
stage prior to the plan approval)?
D. Does the new or updated plan discuss the opportunity for neighboring
communities, agencies, businesses, academia, nonprofits and other interested
parties to be involved in the process?
E. Does the planning process describe the review and incorporation, if
appropriate, of existing plans, studies, reports, and technical information?
F. Does the updated plan document how the planning team reviewed and
analyzed each section of the plan and whether each section was revised as part
of the update process?
A.
Narrative description of the process followed to prepare the updated plan.
Kennebec County has developed a local comprehensive Hazard Mitigation Plan.
The Kennebec County Emergency Management Agency was assigned the
responsibility for hosting the development of developing the mitigation plan by the
Kennebec County Commissioners. Because of the difficulty the Kennebec County
EMA encountered during the preparation of the 2005 in getting local officials to
attend county-wide meetings on the topic of hazard mitigation, the Kennebec County
EMA took a different approach for the preparation of this Plan:
Meeting with MEMA. Kennebec County EMA officials met with JoAnn Mooney in the
spring of 2010 to review the 2005 Plan and the new Crosswalk requirements, and to
discuss options for preparing a more effective revised Hazard Mitigation Plan.
Planning Process
3 - 17
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Notification of a change in process. The EMA first notified local officials through
regularly scheduled meetings with local EMAs, as well as mailings, a hazard
mitigation survey, and a newspaper article explaining that the revision process had
begun. Local officials were asked for their input, and were informed that the
Kennebec County EMA would prepare a draft of the Plan and then meet individually
with officials from each municipality to get their input.
Hazard Mitigation Planning Team. The County EMA formed a hazard mitigation
planning team comprised of representatives from county and municipal governments
(see page 11 for a list of the Team members). This Team met on nine occasions over
the course of fifteen months. to prepare an initial draft of the Plan.
The Kennebec County Hazard Mitigation Plan is a multi-jurisdictional plan and has
been prepared by a Hazard Mitigation Planning Team hosted by the Kennebec County
Emergency Management Agency with representatives from the county and municipal
governments.
Local Meetings. The Planning Team also met or spoke with state officials, local
regional planning commission and other officials of each of the 29 municipalities to
collect their comments and recommendations on the identification of hazards,
assessment of vulnerabilities and risks, and the determination of mitigation goals and
measures.
Preparation of draft Plan. The consultant worked with the Planning Team to draft a
revision to the 2005 Plan. Each section of the Plan was reviewed by the Planning
Team and subsequently revised by the consultant to reflect the comments and
corrections prepared by the Team.
B.
People who were involved in the planning process
The Hazard Mitigation Planning Team consisted of the following representatives:
Vincent Cerasuolo
Director, Kennebec County EMA
Mark Belserene
Deputy Director, Kennebec County EMA
Dale D. Rowley, P.E. Planning Engineer, Thorndike Engineering
Robert Gregoire
Police Chief, City of Augusta
Katie Farrin
Town Manager, Town of Belgrade
Richard Lawrence
Selectman, Town of Benton
Robert Drisko
Town Manager, Town of Chelsea
Dan L’Heureux
Town of China
Keith Trefethen
Town Manager, Town of Clinton
Mike LaPlante
Town of Farmingdale
Randy Tibbetts
Road Foreman, Town of Fayette
Pat Gilbert
City Services, City Gardiner
Rodney Myrick
Police Chief/EMA Director, City of Hallowell
Steve Musica
Town Manager, Town of Litchfield
Mark Doyon
Town Manager, Town of Manchester
Jeffrey Kent
Road Commissioner, Town of Mount Vernon
Planning Process
3 - 18
623-8407
623-8407
568-4040
626-2421
465-2724
453-7191
582-4802
445-2014
426-8511
622-3136
685-3391
582-4200
622-9710
268-4721
622-1894
293-2175
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Alden Weigelt
Jason Farris
Andrew Cooper
Malcolm Charles
Michael Vashon
Chris Smith
David LaFountain
Greg Davis
Robert Mills
Bill Page
Cornell Knight
Richard Beausoleil
Sean Goodwin
Tom Feeney
JoAnn Mooney
Rich Rothe
C.
Police Captain, Town of Oakland
Fire Chief, Town of Pittston
Assistant Fire Chief, Town of Randolph
Slectman, Town of Rome
Town Manager, Town of Vassalboro
Selectman, Town of Vienna
Fire Department, City of Waterville
Town Manager, Town of Wayne
EMA Director, Town of Windsor
Fire Chief, Town of Winslow
Town Manager, Town of Winthrop
465-2202
582-8737
582-8737
397-4011
872-2826
293-3383
873-3347
685-4983
445-4197
872-6512
377-7205
Director, Kennebec County EMA
Deputy Director, Kennebec County EMA
Operations, Kennebec County EMA
Maine Emergency Management Agency
Consultant
How the public was given an opportunity to be heard
An effort was made to solicit public input during the planning process. A general public
meeting was held at the beginning of the formulation of the Planning Team in the
County EMA offices. Members of the Planning Team sought public input in a variety of
ways including:











Mailings to municipal officials;
Meetings with individual municipalities (this provided a dual opportunity to get local
input and provide an opportunity for local officials and the public to get to know the
EMA personnel);
Newspaper articles;
Meeting with local groups on a regular basis such as Kiwanis and Rotary;
EMA’s website;
Public participation in the Wyandanch, Capital and Kents Hill exercise;
Flood advisory and ice jam meetings held in the spring;
Meetings and training exercises with local EMA officials;
Participation in pubic outreach efforts such as the Maine Preparedness Conference
in 2009, 2010 and 2011;
Meeting with the public at the EMA booth at the Benton Fair inn 2010, the Windsor
Fair in 2010, Old Hallowell Day in 2010, and the Winslow 4th of July celebration in
2010 (see Appendix picture);
Discussion of Hazard Mitigation Plan as several LEPC meetings.
Regional Meetings with municipal officials and the general public were held at several
municipal offices and the County EMA office after a completed draft of the plan was
provided. These meetings were advertised by sending letters to the municipalities
and by posting meeting notices on bulletin boards in municipal offices.
A press release An article was published in the Kennebec Journal, the local daily
Planning Process
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Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
county-wide newspaper, to advertise and explain the mitigation planning process to
the county residents (see Appendix). The Press Release included the phone number,
postal address and e-mail address of the County EMA office, so that those who could
not attend public forums would have a chance to voice concerns or to provide input
during the planning process.
(Augusta, Maine) – the Kennebec County Emergency Management Agency
(EMA) has initiated an effort to complete a comprehensive Hazard Mitigation
Plan using the guidelines as provided by the Federal Emergency Management
Agency or FEMA.
The purpose of a Hazard Mitigation Plan is to assess the County's risk to likely
disasters, inventory critical infrastructure and special need populations, and
develop goals and strategies to lessen the impacts of a potential disaster.
Examples of disaster mitigation include floodplain management, whereby new
construction in floodplains is limited, and the cutting back of tree limbs from
electric power lines to prevent the trees from damaging the lines in a storm.
"One of the most important aspects of the Hazard Mitigation Planning process is
the involvement of the public in the development of the County Plan,"
stressed Vincent Cerasuolo, Director of the Kennebec County EMA program.
"Inputs from all municipalities and all interested citizens are vital in order to
make this plan work."
County residents, businesses, non-profit groups, and municipalities with
knowledge of past disaster events, repetitive areas of repair after storms and
floods, and locations of critical facilities and utilities and special needs
populations that could be impacted by a disaster are strongly encouraged to
provide that information to the Hazard Mitigation Planning Team hosted by the
Kennebec County EMA office.
For more information, contact Mark Belserene, Deputy Director at 623-8407.
Status Reports were faxed to the municipal offices in order to keep the towns up to date
on the progress of the Hazard Mitigation Plan. These reports did initiate several
municipal officers to contact the County EMA office with questions and comments
regarding the mitigation plan and their involvement in the plan.
D.
Opportunities for neighboring communities, agencies, businesses, academia,
nonprofits and other interested parties to be involved in the process
Opportunities for neighboring jurisdictions, agencies, businesses, academia,
nonprofits, and other interested parties to be involved in the planning process were
given in the form of county e-mails, town mailings, the County EMA web site, and a
newspaper article (see Appendix).
Many of the local officials involved in the preparation of the 2011 Plan and the update
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3 - 20
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
work in various agencies, businesses, academia, and nonprofit organizations.
We must admit that there was very little participation from the general public, nonprofits and local businesses, who expressed no interest in the project.
E.
Review and incorporation, if appropriate, of existing plans, studies, reports and
technical information.
The planning Team reviewed the existing county and municipal emergency plans and
incorporated information as appropriate. The Planning Team also reviewed the latest
version of the State Plan and other county and local plans and incorporated them as
appropriate. The Risk Assessment portion of this plan provides a more detailed
summary of plans, studies and other materials that were used identify and document
various hazards.
F.
How the planning team reviewed and analyzed each section of the plan and
whether each section was revised.
The Hazard Mitigation Planning Team was assisted in the development of the plan by
hiring a engineering and planning consultant to facilitate the meetings, assist in research
and outreach programs, to coordinate the GIS mapping, complete the loss estimates
and to consolidate the information and comments provided by the planning team and
the public. The consultant reviewed the 2005 plan, the latest version of the State Plan,
and other county and local plans, various disaster declarations since completion of the
2005 plan, and incorporated them into a first draft which was then reviewed by the
Planning Team. The Planning Team made numerous corrections and suggestions
which were reflected in subsequent drafts.
Plan Sections
Overview of 2011 Plan
Comments on General Revisions
Whole Plan
Reformatted to State guidelines for
standardizing all 16 county plans; Crosswalk
requirements included in plan. New text
identified by red type; deletions shown by
cross-outs
1. Introduction
Updated demographics
2. Adoption
Minor formatting changes
3. Planning
Updated with new approach, personnel
4. Risk Assessment
Revised to reflect flooding, winter storm info
since last plan; expanded to address new
requirements of Crosswalk and information
contained in State Plan. Man-made hazards
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Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
deleted.
5. Strategies
6. Maintenance
Updated to address Crosswalk requirements.
New county-wide strategies and local
projects added.
Updated to reflect the fact that mitigation is
part of and integrated into a comprehensive
emergency management approach
The Risk Assessment portion of this plan provides a more detailed summary of the
plans, studies and other materials that were used to identify and document various
hazards.
Note: throughout this document, additions are shown in red font. Deletions are shown
by cross-outs. The original content to be kept from the 2005 plan remains in black font.
Planning Process
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Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
SECTION 4 RISK ASSESSMENT
Introduction
The Code of Federal Regulations, §201 .6(c)(2) of the Rule outlines specific information that
Kennebec County must consider when completing the risk assessment portion of this mitigation
plan. Our local risk assessments provide sufficient information to enable the jurisdiction to
identify and prioritize appropriate mitigation actions to reduce losses from identified hazards.
This plan includes detailed descriptions of all the potential hazards that could affect the
jurisdiction along with an analysis of the jurisdiction’s vulnerability to those identified hazards.
Specific information about numbers and types of structures, potential dollar losses, and an
overall description of land use trends in the jurisdiction are included in this analysis. Because
this is a multi-jurisdictional plan, the risks that affect only certain regions of the County were
assessed separately in the context of the affected region.
This section includes the following six eight subsections as follows: (the numbering system
begins with 5 to correspond to numbered sections of the Code of Federal Regulations):
5. Identify Identifying Hazards (#5 below)
6. Profiling Hazards Events (#6 below)
7. Assessing Vulnerability: Identifying Assets (#7 below)
8. Assessing Vulnerability: Addressing repetitive loss properties (#8 below)
9. Assessing Vulnerability: Identifying Structures (#9 below)
10. Assessing Vulnerability: Estimating Potential Losses (#10 below)
11. Assessing Vulnerability: Analyzing Development Trends (#11 below)
12. Multi-jurisdictional Risk Assessment (#12 below)
5. Identifying Hazards
Requirement §201.6(c)(2)(i): (The risk assessment shall include a) description of the
type…of all natural hazards that can affect the jurisdiction.
Element
A. Does the new or updated plan include a description of the types of all natural
hazards that affect the jurisdiction?
A. Description of All Natural Hazards potentially affecting Kennebec County
The following table identifies the hazards that were eliminated from further consideration
in the plan, due to a lack of historical evidence, lack of overall county-wide severity or a
low likelihood for the event to occur. However, although these disaster events were not
profiled in the hazard mitigation plan, it does not certify that any of these events will not or
could not occur and cause great damage. It was decided by the Kennebec County
Hazard Mitigation Planning Team to keep our first plan simple by only profiling the top
four hazards. The following table identifies all of the natural hazards that could potentially
affect Kennebec County. The list is based on FEMA’s list of natural hazards, although
some of the natural hazards have been grouped together. For example, blizzards, ice
storms, nor’easters and snow storms are grouped under winter storms, even though
nor’easters can occur at other times of the year.
Risk Assessment
4 - 23
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Summary of All Natural Hazards potentially affecting Kennebec County
Natural
Hazards
Flooding
Severe Winter
Storm Events
Wildfire
Armed Attacks
Terrorism
Hazardous
Materials
Incident
Hazards Profiled in this Plan
Applicability to
Kennebec County
Comments
Review of FIRM Maps
Associated with the effects of spring runoff and
Review of SLOSH Maps
high rain events. Several repetitive loss
Input from residents
properties and roadways are located in the
Review of past disaster
County. The County contains one major river and
declarations
a very large number of smaller rivers and
Identification of repetitive
streams.
losses
Risk Assessment
Review of past disaster
Maine is frequently hit with blizzards, ice storms
declarations
and “Northeasters”.
Inputs from residents
Risk assessment on page
21
Review of Maine Forest
Much of the County is covered with forests.
Service records
Wildfires have been numerous, though small, in
Inputs from residents
the past.
Risk assessment on page
21
Hazards not Profiled in this Plan
Review of Historical
It is unlikely that another nation will attack or
Records Risk
invade the United States by striking at Maine.
Assessment
This is not a natural hazard
There have been no acts of terrorism in the
County WMD risk
County. Not on Federal target list.
assessment.
This is not a natural hazard
Review of Maine DEP
records Input from
residents
County HazMat Plan
Traffic Commodity Studies
Risk assessment on page 21
The only Federal Highway runs through many of
the communities in this county. A large number of
the busy State routes run through the County; and
a great deal of HazMat is transported through
County.
There are 25 EHS facilities.
This is not a natural hazard
Risk Assessment
4 - 24
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Natural
Hazards
Avalanche
Applicability to Kennebec
County
Review of USGS Maps
Blight/
Infestation
Review of State
Entomological Office
historical records
Inputs from residents
Risk Assessments
Dam Failure
Review of Historical
Records
Risk Assessment
Drought
Earthquake
Hurricanes
Landslide
Severe
Thunderstorms
Subsidence
Comments
There are no mountains in the county that hold
large amounts of snow which would create
avalanches.
Though the County has some
agricultural production, to include including
forestry and farming, there are no historical records
of major damage to these products that have caused
serious economic conditions.
Although there are a great many small dams, a
failure of one of these dams will normally only cause
only minor localized flooding. and this is already
being profiled. Dam failure is profiled under
flooding.
Review of State EMA
records
Review of NOAA
records
Review of Maine Geological
Survey records
Review of past disaster
declarations
Review of library historical
data
Input from residents
Risk assessments
Review of Maine Geological
Survey records
Review of NWS
records Review of
Maine EMA records
Review of Maine Geological
Survey records
profiled.
Rainfall data doesn’t show a serious problem. The
drought effects have never been sufficient enough to
create disaster conditions.
Although Earthquakes are common in Maine, no
significant damaging movement has occurred in
20,000 yrs.
Hurricanes tend to downgrade to tropical storms by
the time they strike inland counties, such as
Kennebec County, and hence their effect is usually
flooding and power outages.
Landslides are not common in Kennebec
County.
Although we frequently get severe thunderstorms,
they rarely cause major widespread damage.
There have been no known cases of subsidence
in Kennebec County.
Risk Assessment
4 - 25
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Tornado &
Severe Wind
Storms
Review of NWS records
On average, 1-2 tornadoes occur in the State of
Maine each year, yet there have been no loss of life or
major damages in many years. Neither have there
been any recorded damages from micro-bursts in
Kennebec County.
The Kennebec County Hazard Mitigation Planning Team identified four three natural
and technological hazards that are addressed in the County Hazard Mitigation Plan:
Flooding, Severe Winter Storms, and Wildfire. These hazards were identified through an
extensive process that utilized input from the Hazard Mitigation Planning Team members
(comprised of representatives from county and municipal governments), public input,
researching past disaster declarations in the County, a review of current maps, and a risk
assessments completed by the Kennebec County Emergency Management Agency and
the County Hazard Mitigation Planning Team. The Risk Assessment is shown on pages 21
and 22.
The following table rates the natural hazards to be profiled.
Key to Rating
Severity of hazard
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
Severe:
High:
Moderate:
Low:
Slight:
Multiple deaths, mass casualties, or millions of dollars in damages
Deaths or injuries; or $100,000s in damages
Single death or several injuries; or $10,000s in damages
Injuries; or $1,000s in damages
No deaths, single injury; or $100s in damages
Likelihood of Hazard
A.
B.
C.
Very Likely
Possible
Very unlikely
Type of
Hazard
Rating of Hazards by Hazard Mitigation Planning Team
Source of
Potential Damages
Information
Rating
Priority
Flooding
Damages to structures in flood
zones, bridges, culverts and
roads
FEMA,
MEMA
State Plan
Other plans
3A
1
Severe Winter
Storm
Downed power lines, blocked
roadways and heavy snow
FEMA,
MEMA
2.5A
2
Risk Assessment
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Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
damage to roofs
Wildfire
Timber
lost,
businesses lost
State Plan
Other plans
homes
lost,
Maine
Forest
Service/
State Plan
Other plans
Risk Assessment
4 - 27
2B
3
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
HISTORICAL CHART OF HAZARD EVENTS IN KENNEBEC COUNTY
The following chart is a compilation of the Kennebec County Hazard Mitigation Team’s research efforts to
determine what disaster events have occurred in Waldo County in the last century. We found few
disasters during the first half of the 20th Century. This is due in part from the poor records that were kept; the
fact that there was very little development in the County before 1950; and the fact that the residents
mostly lived in homes built in the 19th Century which were built to withstand winter storms and were built
out of known flood areas. After 1950, people started moving in from outside the State and these people
began to build in flood-prone areas and in less hardy structures. Additionally, there was very little threat
from wildfires before the 1950s, because most of the land had been cleared for farmland. After 1950,
the farms fell to ruin and the fields have since grown up into forests.
YEAR
1923
1950
1953
1954
1954
1963
1967
1973
1974
1976
1978
1978
1978
1979
1983
1985
1987
1988
1991
1992
1993
1993
1997
1998
1998
1999
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
MONTH
April
April
March
August
September
October
July
December
November
May
February
January
March
April
January
April
December
August
March
April
March
April
January
June
February
September
March
May
December
December
DAY
30
22
30
31
11
29
10
ESTIMATED
DAMAGE
$2,000,000
TOWN
$5,000,000
$7,000,000
$3,000,000
10000 Gals
CMP
$20,693,181
N. Belgrade
Augusta
8
10
15
$648,500
Oakland
28
Albion
11
15
13
25
28
5
10
17
$4,780,000
Winslow-China
None
TYPE OF DAMAGE
Flooding
Flooding
Flooding
Hurricane Carol
Hurricane Edna
Hurricane Ginny
Earthquake
Flooding
Train wreck spill
Explosion
Flooding
Winter Storm
Ice Jams & Flooding
Flooding
Chemical Train Derailed
Hurricane Gloria
Flooding
Earthquake (4.0)
Hurricane Bob
Flooding
Flooding
Winter Storm
Dam Breach
Ice Storm
Flooding
Earthquake (3.7)
Hurricane Floyd
Flooding
Flooding
Flooding
Winter Storm
Risk Assessment
4 - 28
DECLARATION
SBA
Presidential
Presidential
State Aid
SBA
Disaster
Emergency
Disaster
Disaster
Disaster
Major Disaster
Major Disaster
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
The following worksheet is a summary of a process used by the Kennebec County Hazard
Mitigation Planning Team to review the known disaster events and to analyze the severity and
likelihood of these events. The analysis allowed the team to prioritize the events. The team decided
to concentrate on the top four prioritized natural and technological hazards for profiling. Security
hazards were not profiled in this plan.
HAZARD
NATURAL
Avalanche
Drought
Earthquake
Epidemic
Flooding (Coastal)
Flooding (Riverine)
Flooding (Wetlands)
Hurricane
Infestation
Landslide
Severe Summer Storm
Severe Winter Storm
Tornado
Wildfire
TECHNOLOGICAL
Dam Failure
Energy/Fuel Shortage
HazMat (Fixed Site)
HazMat (Transportation)
Transportation (Aircraft)
Transportation (Bus)
Transportation (Rail)
Transportation (Watercraft)
SECURITY
Bomb Threats
Civil Unrest
Terrorist Attack
(Conventional)
Terrorist Attack (WMD)
Workplace Violence
POINTS
RANKING
0
20
20
24
0
56
20
24
10
0
20
76
11
36
21
12
12
10
21
2
12
10
16
21
12
1
15
7
26
7
33
44
12
5
21
9
9
18
8
5
14
19
11
17
52
5
3
20
48
17
42
4
13
6
The spreadsheet split over the following two pages shows the results of the risk
assessment analysis. Each hazard event was evaluated for a number of issues
dealing with severity and likelihood.
Risk Assessment
4 - 29
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
CATEGORY
HAZARD EVENT
POINT VALUE
NATURAL
LIKELIHOOD OF OCCURRENCE
Frequent
4
Probable
3
Occassional
2
Remote
1
Avalanche
Drought
Hundreds Tens of
Improbable of Deaths Deaths
0
10
8
1-9
Deaths
6
Mass
Injuries
4
1-5
Injuries
2
0
0
2
Epidemic
2
2
4
Flooding (Coastal)
0
Flooding (Riverine)
4
Flooding (Wetlands)
4
0
2
0
Hurricane
2
Infestation
2
2
0
Landslide
0
Severe Summer Storm
0
2
2
4
6
Tornado
1
Wildfire
No
Injuries
0
0
4
Earthquake
Severe Winter Storm
SEVERITY OF OCCURANCE
2
3
2
TECHNOLOGICAL
Dam Failure
2
Energy/Fuel Shortage
HazMat (Fixed Site)
HazMat (Transportation)
2
1
0
3
2
4
2
Transportation (Aircraft)
1
Transportation (Bus)
6
1
Transportation (Rail)
2
3
Transportation (Watercraft)
2
1
6
SECURITY
Bomb Threats
Civil Unrest
4
2
1
Risk Assessment
4 - 30
0
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Terrorist Attack
(Conventional)
Terrorist Attack (WMD)
3
1
Workplace Violence
5
6
3
Destruction
Major
Minor
of Structures Damages Damages
6
6
4
Loss of
Real
Estate
3
6
TOTAL
Loss of Economic Economic Economic Economic
Mass
Mass
Individual POINT
Personal Impact to Impact to Impact to Impact to
State
County Community Individual Evacuations Sheltering Relocations VALUE
Property
1
5
4
3
1
3
4
1
3
2
1
1
0
1
1
20
1
20
3
1
5
2
1
0
4
1
2
3
3
1
4
20
1
24
1
1
10
1
1
0
1
20
3
5
5
6
5
2
3
76
3
1
11
3
1
36
3
1
56
1
5
6
24
1
6
4
1
3
5
26
1
3
Risk Assessment
4 - 31
3
7
33
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
3
3
4
1
1
3
1
1
12
1
1
5
1
21
1
9
3
1
1
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Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
6. Profiling Hazards
Requirement §201.6(c)(2)(i): (The risk assessment shall include a) description of the
…location and extent of all natural hazards that can affect the jurisdiction. The plan shall
include information on previous occurrences of hazard events and on the probability of future
hazard events.
Elements
A. Does the risk assessment identify the location (i.e., geographic area
affected) of each natural hazard addressed in the new or updated plan?
B. Does the risk assessment identify the extent (i.e., magnitude or severity) of
each hazard addressed in the new or updated plan?
C. Does the plan provide information on previous occurrences of each hazard
addressed in the new or updated plan?
D. Does the plan include the probability of future events (i.e., chance of
occurrence) for each hazard addressed in the new or updated plan?
FLOODING
National Guardsman at one end of Water Street in Gardiner, April, 1987. Associated Press
Introduction
Kennebec County is subject to river and wetland flooding. There are two major rivers located
within the borders of Kennebec County. The Kennebec River is bordered on by the
municipalities of Augusta, Benton, Chelsea, Clinton, Farmingdale, Gardiner, Hallowell, Pittston,
Randolph, Sidney, Vassalboro, Waterville, and Winslow. The Sebastacook River is bordered
by the towns of Benton, Clinton, and Winslow. The Kennebec River has three large dams on
the river at Waterville-Winslow and Benton. The Sebastacook River has two large dams on the
river in Benton and Winslow, one of which, Fort Halifax (the first dam on the Sebasticook) has been
removed. Flooding from the Kennebec and Sebastacook rivers has occurred on many
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Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
occasions in Kennebec County communities.
Another major cause of Flood damage in Kennebec County is also caused by winter runoff
from heavy rain events that melt the snow pack quickly. The runoff quickly overwhelms the
wetlands, ponds, lakes, streams and rivers and spreads to the neighboring surface areas.
The soil is still in a state of frozen permafrost, which eliminates any soil infiltration. There are
nearly 84 square miles of water bodies in the County. This flooding undercuts or overtops
adjacent roads. Typically, this road damage is not major, though it can absorb the municipal
road maintenance budget for an entire year and does happen in several if of the towns every
year.
General Definition of Flooding. A temporary inundation of normally dry land as a result of:
1) the overflow of inland waters; and/or 2) the unusual and rapid accumulation or runoff of
surface waters from any source. Note: the nature of Kennebec County’s geology and
hydrology is such that flooding is usually fast rising but of short duration.
Types of Flooding in Kennebec County. There are several different types of potential
flooding in Kennebec County:







Beaver Dam Flooding: Flooding resulting from back-up and overflow of water resulting
from beaver dams.
Dam failure: The sudden release of water resulting from structural collapse or improper
operation of the impounding structure. Dam failure can cause rapid downstream flooding,
loss of life, damage to property, and the forced evacuation of people.
Flash flood: A flood event occurring with little or no warning where water levels rise
rapidly due to heavy rains, ice jam release, or rapid snow melt.
Ice jam: An accumulation of floating ice fragments that blocks the normal flow of a river.
During a thaw or rainstorm, the rapid increase in discharge from snow melt and/or rainfall
can rapidly lift and break up a thick ice cover and carry it downstream as an ice run. Ice
runs can jam in river bends or against the sheet ice covering flatter reaches. The resulting
ice jams can block flow so thoroughly that serious flooding may result within an hour of
their formation. Failure of an ice jam suddenly releases water downstream. Damages
from ice jam flooding usually exceed those of clear water flooding because of higher than
predicted flood elevations, rapid increase in water levels upstream and downstream, and
physical damage caused by ice chunks. Moving ice masses can shear off trees and
destroy buildings and bridges above the level of the flood waters.
Lacustrine: (Lake Flooding) occurs when the outlet for the lake cannot discharge the
flood waters fast enough to maintain the normal pool elevation of the lake. During a base
flood event, normal increases in water surface elevations on most Maine lakes and ponds
range from 1 to 5 feet. However, in Maine there are some examples where the base flood
event will reverse the flow of the outlet stream. In such instances, river and base flood
elevations can rise more than 15 feet above normal pool. While this can impact individual
dwellings built near the water's edge, there are no records of major damages so this type
of flood will not be further addressed in the Plan.
Riverine/riparian: Periodic overbank flow of rivers and streams, usually the result of
spring run off, but can also be caused by major rain storms.
Urban: Overflow of storm sewer systems, usually due to poor drainage, following heavy
rain or rapid snow melt. The combined sanitary and storm water systems that some urban
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Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
areas installed years ago can cause flooding of sanitary sewerage when riparian floods
occur. Runoff is increased due to a large amount of impervious surfaces such as roof
tops, sidewalks and paved streets.
A. Location of Flooding Hazard.
The communities of Augusta, Benton, Chelsea, Clinton, Farmingdale, Gardiner, Hallowell,
Pittston, Randolph, Sidney, Vassalboro, Waterville, and Winslow have all experienced major
flood events. are located along the Kennebec River.
The worst flooding took place in 1987 and caused major damages in Augusta, Farmingdale
and Hallowell.
Kennebec County's susceptibility to flooding, especially riverine flooding, is further
exacerbated by its wide-ranging weather conditions. Due to seasonal (and regional) factors
such as heavy rains, rapidly melting snow pack and/or ice jams, major flooding most
frequently occurs between December and May. Based on MEMA data, the most flood-prone
months are April, January and March, respectively. Floods can also be caused by the heavy
rains of hurricanes that arrive as tropical storms.
The County EMA has reviewed the County’s Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRMs) and Flood
Insurance Study (FIS) to compile a profile of the flooding hazard in the County. The EMA staff
completed research on flooding history in the County and indicated this data on the GIS base
maps. The Municipal Base Maps show the areas susceptible to potential flooding. This
provides a clear picture of areas and structures most vulnerable to flooding.
B. Extent (Severity) of the Hazard
Dam failure risk. Maine dams were constructed incrementally over a period of 300 years.
Businesses harnessed the abundant fast flowing rivers and rocky rapids for the development
of energy and transportation. Many dams throughout the country are now aged, and in Maine
the majority of these structures are nearly 100 years old and beyond the normal design life of
civil engineering works. Many are low head dams constructed using local materials of stone,
timber and earth. Dam failure is not a frequent occurrence, but it can and does occur.
Regarding the possibility of flooding from dam failure, MRSA Title 37-B, Chapter 24, also
known as Maine’s Dam Safety Law, classifies dams into three hazard potential ratings: high,
significant and low. Each rating carries different responsibilities for the dam owners and
situational awareness on the part of downstream residents and businesses. Dam owners
with “high” or “significant” potential hazard ratings must produce an emergency action plan
(EAP) and forward it to MEMA for compliance with the law. The primary purpose of the EAP
is to alert and warn potentially affected residents and businesses in the listed “call down area”
when there is a threat of failure or actual breach. Copies are kept by the owner, relevant
local, county and state agencies and must be updated regularly. See definition excerpts from
the law in the table below:
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Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Hazard Ratings
High
Significant
Excerpts from Dam Safety Law Definition
“…will probably cause loss of human life;”
“…no probable loss of human life but can cause major economic
loss…”
“…no probable loss of human life and low economic…losses”
Low
The majority of the Kennebec County dams are located at the outlets of a vast number of lakes
and ponds and are small in size. These dams are in very good condition and procedures are in
place for effective flood management. There are 4 High Hazard, 6 Significant and 44 Low
Hazard dams located within Kennebec County. The following table provides a summary of the
High Hazard and Significant Hazard dams in Kennebec County.
Kennebec County High Hazard and Significant Hazard Dams
MEMA
ID/H/S
Dam Name
City/Town
346
New Mills
High hazard Dams
Gardiner
Four Town Watershed
363
American Tissue
Gardiner
463.2
Hydro-Kennebec
Winslow
529
Snow Pond
Oakland
88
92
95
96
294
426
452
Dinsmore
Cobbossecontee
Outlet
Carleton Pond
Conchnewagon
Parker Pond
Rice Rips
Augusta East
Landfill
Dam Owner
KEI Power Management
& UAH-Hydro Kennebec LTD
Madison Paper Industries
& UAH-Hydro Kennebec LTD
Maine Renewables, LLC
(div. Synergics)
Significant Hazard Dams
China
Stephen & Christine Coombs
West
Manchester
Gardiner
Winthrop
Augusta Water District
Monmouth
Monmouth
Mt. Vernon Parker Pond Association
Waterville
Maine Renewables, LLC
(div. Synergics)
Augusta
Augusta Tissue LLC
Water Body
Cobbossecontee
Stream
Cobbossecontee
Stream
Kennebec River
Messalonskee
Stream
Branch Mills Pond
Cobbossecontee
Stream
Carleton Pond
Mud Mills Stream
Parker Pond
Messalonskee
Stream
n/a
Source: Maine Emergency Management Agency
With respect to the high hazard dams shown in the table, Gardiner, Winslow and Oakland
would be most at risk from a dam breach since release of impoundments of those dams
could cause loss of life. In terms of the significant hazard dams shown in the table, China,
Gardiner, Winthrop, Monmouth, Mount Vernon Waterville and Augusta could expect
infrastructure damages, especially to downstream roads and bridges if their dams were to
breach. There has been one dam failure in Kennebec County in recent years. In 1997, Apple
Valley Dam in Monmouth breached, causing about $350,000 in damages.
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Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Extent (severity) of Flood Hazard other than Dam Failure. Severe flooding can cause loss
of life, property damage, disruption of communications, transportation, electric service and
community services, crop and livestock damage, health issues from contaminated water
supplies, and loss and interruption of business. Ironically, fire fighting efforts can be
compromised if fire fighters and equipment are responding to a flood emergency.
Generous precipitation (about 44 inches a year) contributes to the flood potential. The low
pressure system over the Eastern Seaboard and the tendency of some storms to follow one
another in rapid succession provide heavy, combined moisture. Water abundance is one of
the State’s most valuable natural resources and its primary hazard.
Records of past flood events indicate that the April 1, 1987 flood along the Kennebec River
was one of the most significant in Maine history. Flood damage along the Kennebec River
and in the Kennebec Basin was the greatest for any flood (including that of March, 1936) for
which data are available. In Augusta, flooding of first floor buildings in the downtown was
extensive; in Hallowell, many stores in the downtown had several feet of water in them, and
in Gardiner, businesses on both sides of Cobbossee Stream suffered flood damages when
the high waters of the Kennebec caused water in Cobbossee Stream to back up and overtop
its banks. The flood of 1987 took place in free-flowing conditions. Had there been ice jams,
backwater from these jams could have made the flooding far worse.
According to MEMA’s Flood Management/River Basin report, in April, 1987, runoff caused by
a high volume of rainfall following several days of warm temperatures and melting snowpack
caused a new flood of record for the Kennebec River from the mouth of the Carrabassett
tributary to the mouth of the Kennebec River.
The Land and Water Resources Center at the University of Maine prepared a special report
on the flood of 1987, excerpts of which are included in the paragraphs below:
The Kennebec River near Augusta normally flows with a surface elevation just above
sea level. With heavy rains over central and western Maine, the Kennebec began to
rise early Tuesday, March 31, 1987. That afternoon, at 3:00 pm, the river reached
flood stage at 13 feet. By 7:00 pm, it was over Augusta’s Front Street, which has an
elevation of 15 feet. Flood waters continued to rise the next day (Wednesday, April 1)
and finally crested early Thursday morning at 34 feet, the highest recorded level for
this century.
Why was the flood so damaging? …the damages were greatly magnified by:
 the extensive development that has taken place in the state’s river floodplains;
 the porridge of uprooted trees, flotsam, sewage and oil that swept through
residential and business areas;
 the lack of preparedness on the part of Maine people, especially owners of
property in floodplains; and
 shortcomings in the warning system and failure of people to take seriously
warnings that were issued at the outset of the flood.
Flow records – Kennebec River near Augusta: 220,000 cubic feet per second
(compared to 160,000 cubic feet per second in 1936).
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Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Rainfall accumulations were generally 4 to 6 inches in central Maine (with totals over 7
inches at some locations). What Maine had, then was 4 to 6 inches of rain combined
with another 6 inches or more of melted snow – all of this on frozen ground with limited
capacity to absorb water.
During the day of Wednesday, April 1, as rivers continued to rise, torrents of water
swept over low-lying neighborhoods, business areas and highways. Some 400 small
businesses were flooded – most of these in submerged business areas in Rumford,
Winslow, Hallowell, Gardiner, and small towns like Farmington Falls. Many roads
throughout the flooded areas were severely eroded or partly washed out.
There was severe damage to sewage treatment plants at Augusta, Waterville, and
Anson/Madison. A small number of public buildings (including a fire station and two
libraries) were damaged, and the fort building at the Fort Halifax State Historic Site
was washed away. Public water systems were disrupted in two communities, where
public water lines across rivers were washed out. Many private wells were flooded and
contaminated by floodwaters.
C. Previous Occurrences
The following table contains a summary of floods that have occurred in Kennebec County, as
reflected primarily in Presidential Disaster Declarations.
Historical Summary of Major Flood Events in Kennebec County Since 1987
Presidential
Disaster
Declaration #
1987 Apr 1
Major damage to homes, businesses, public buildings, FEMA 788
sanitation facilities, erosion
1992 Mar 27
Heavy rains, ice jams, road & culvert damage
FEMA 940
1993 Apr
Heavy rains, snow melt, road & culvert damage
FEMA 988
1998 June 13Heavy rains damaged public roads and drainage FEMA 1232
Jul 1
systems
2000 Mar 28, Apr Flooding from heavy rains, spring run-off, ice jams
FEMA 1326
6
2001 Mar 5-31
Flooding from severe winter storms, record snowfall, FEMA 1371
high winds, heavy rains & run-off, ice jams
2004 Dec 10-31
Severe storms, flooding, snow melt & ice jams
FEMA 1508
2005 Mar 29-May Severe storms, flooding, snow melt & ice jams
FEMA 1591
3
2007 Apr 15-23
Severe storms and flooding
FEMA 1693
Source: FEMA website and MEMA records
Year
Month
General Description
Flood Losses in Dollars by Municipality. Flood losses in Kennebec County have been
extensive. The following table contains a summary of flood losses by Town for various
Federal Disaster Declarations since 1987. The table includes only public assistance losses
and does not include individual and business losses which can be substantial.
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Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Flood Losses in Dollars by Town and Federal Disaster Declaration
Since 1987
Albion
Augusta
Belgrade
Benton
Chelsea
China
Clinton
Farmingdale
Fayette
Gardiner
Hallowell
Litchfield
Manchester
Monmouth
Mt Vernon
Oakland
Pittston
Randolph
Readfield
Rome
Sidney
Vassalboro
Vienna
Waterville
Wayne
W. Gardiner
Windsor
Winslow
Winthrop
Total
#788
1987
$2,632
331,811
9,429
18,001
7,751
14,044
9,321
11,202
9,038
28,931
31,791
2,783
3,196
4,692
5,285
6,358
0
8,055
4,860
1,298
5,115
12,654
18,673
29,245
12,010
0
5,507
390,064
4,147
$987,893
#940
1992
3,243
20,467
6,019
604
4,465
863
2,055
6,948
7,993
74,202
16,576
4,201
4,318
8,170
13,817
3,178
3,391
0
7,543
4,134
619
14,238
35,571
4,011
3,088
0
7,245
4,749
10,792
272,500
#988
1993
#1232
1998
#1326
2000
#1508
2003
#1591
2005
0
68,619
11,779
493
1,758
0
0
5,275
999
12,096
1,842
0
0
0
3,143
0
1,735
12,476
0
0
0
3,639
18,922
0
0
0
0
0
1,971
144,747
0
9,387
0
0
0
9,848
0
33,989
35,547
7,651
2,360
36,680
9,859
4,925
43,549
0
19,336
0
27,806
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
249,407
8,905
499,249
0
6,978
0
0
0
6,908
0
0
41,378
0
0
0
0
0
33,642
0
2,485
0
0
2,521
0
0
10,807
0
0
0
0
0
0
104,719
0
0
7,072 94,5980
0
0
0
0
7,619
280,189
42,835
0
0
0
0
0
56,753
296,434
0
12,751
1,261
3,412
25,711
14,993
49,911
86,227
42,508
24,606
28,223
65,610
0
0
12,446
15,079
0
0
224,803
30,774
0
17,653
39,286
14,615
20,072
5,481
36,984
143,874
0
0
14,064
11,322
0
0
66,990
0
0
10,914
100,586
19,949
335,469 2,441,518
#1693
2007
13,175
0
1,271
0
464,238
0
0
0
357,008
20,368
29,488
0
111,234
22,827
154,539
0
0
0
119,886
28,762
0
0
164,328
0
115,502
0
4,576
0
13,847
1,621,049
D. Probability of Occurrence
It is expected that a major flood event will cause mostly road damage in Kennebec County at
least once several times every decade. Known flood zones are shown on the municipal base
maps included in this section.
Floods are described in local flood hazard studies in terms of their extent, including the
horizontal area affected, and the related probability of occurrence. Flood studies use
historical records to determine the probability of occurrence for different extents of flooding.
The most widely adopted design and regulatory standard for floods in the United States is the
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Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
1-percent annual chance flood and this is the standard formally adopted by FEMA. The 1percent annual flood, also known as the base flood, has a 1 percent chance of happening in
any particular year. It is also referred to as the “100-year flood.”
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Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
SEVERE WINTER STORM EVENTS
Kennebec County is subject to severe winter storm events in the form of major snowfall
events and severe ice storms. The county experienced a severe ice storm in January 1998,
which affected every town in the county. The entire County is also susceptible to
“Northeaster” storms, especially from the very high winds that are involved in such a storm.
The Gulf Stream follows a path up the eastern seaboard bringing major storms with it to the
Gulf of Maine. Air streams containing much colder air flows down from Canada and collides
with the Gulf Stream over the New England region. There have been three five Federallydeclared winter storm disaster events in the last 9 17 years. The worst storm in the past
decade occurred in January 1998 and caused $4,780,000 $4.9 million in damage
throughout the entire County. This storm, which nearly destroyed the electrical transmission
system in the State of Maine, caused major damage to the forests, covered many roadways
with debris and ice, and caused some limited building damages. However, most winter
storms in the County are major snow storms which over-task the highway snow removal
operations and cause localized power outages.
General Definition. Severe winter weather conditions are distinguished by low temperatures, strong winds, and often large quantities of
snow.
Types of Winter Storms in Kennebec County

Blizzard. Sustained winds of 40 miles per hour (mph) or more or gusting up to at least
50 mph with heavy falling or blowing snow, persisting for one hour or more,
temperatures of ten degrees Fahrenheit or colder and potentially life- threatening
traveling conditions.

Heavy Snow Storm. A snowfall of fifteen inches or more within 12 to 24 hours with
sustained winds of less that 40 miles per hour which disrupts or slows transportation
systems and public safety departments' response capability.

Ice Storms. Rain which freezes upon impact. Ice coating at least one-fourth inch in
thickness is heavy enough to damage trees, overhead wires, and similar objects and
to produce widespread power outage.

Nor’easter. Nor’easters are extra-tropical coastal storms that can produce
tremendous amounts of precipitation and strong winds that can cause coastal flooding
damage. When the precipitation is in the form of snow, sleet or freezing rain, it can
damage overhead utility lines and become a highway driving hazard.

Sleet Storm. Frozen rain drops (ice pellets) which bounce when hitting the ground or
other objects. Does not stick to objects, but in accumulated depths of two inches or
more, produces hazardous driving conditions.
A. Location of Hazard
The entire County is subject to severe storms every winter.
B. Extent (Severity) of the Hazard
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Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
During the winter months, Kennebec County often has heavy snowfall, or snow combined
with high winds, freezing rain or ice storms. Nor’easters, the most severe form, occur during
the winter, spring and fall. They rarely develop during the summer. Precipitation amounts
can exceed several inches of water equivalent (20-30 inches of snow or more), while wind
speeds can be equal to or greater than those for hurricanes that reach Maine. Loss of
electrical power and communication services can occur when utility lines yield under the
weight of ice and snow. These conditions can impede the response time of ambulance, fire,
police and other emergency services, especially to remote or isolated residents.
Average seasonal snowfall amounts generally increase in the interior parts of the County.
Total seasonal snowfall ranges between 50 and 80 inches in the very southern parts of the
County, to 60 to 90 inches in the rest of the County. Higher snowfall totals may be found
locally.
The snowfall season usually runs from late October (in the north) or November (most of the
rest of the County) to April and sometimes into May. Occasionally an early season storm can
bring snow in the first weeks of October. January is usually the snowiest month throughout
the State with many stations averaging over 20 inches of snow in that month with December
usually averaging out to be the second snowiest month.
The snowpack makes an important contribution to both surface and groundwater supplies,
and years with a low snowpack can lead to water shortages by late summer. Melting of the
snowpack in April and May is often gradual enough to prevent serious flooding, although
there have been times when a quick melt has led to disastrous conditions.
C. Previous Occurrences
The following is a summary of some of the most severe winter storms in Kennebec County
during the past 40 years.
Key:
DR: Disaster Declaration
EM: Emergency Declaration
Historical summary of Major Winter Storm Events in Kennebec County Since 1970
Year
1978
1978
1993
1998
2003
2003
2005
Month
Jan 10
Mar 15
Mar 13,
14
Jan 5-25
12/17/02
to 6/1/03
Dec 6-7
2/10-11
General Description
Rain/snow/ice
Ice jams and heavy rains
Blizzard
Presidential Declaration #
n.a.
State Aid
FEMA 3099-EM
“Great Ice Storm of “98”
Extreme winter weather; severe cold and
frost
Snow, winter storms and extreme cold
Snow, winter storms and extreme cold
FEMA 1198-DR
FEMA 1468-DR
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FEMA 3190-DR
FEMA 3206-DR
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
To date, the storm of record is the ice storm of January, 1998, which caused over $4.9 million
in damages throughout the County. Below freezing temperatures, combined with record
rainfall, contributed to a blanket of solid ice throughout central Maine. In some places, more
than three inches of ice coated the rural and urban landscape. At its peak, many areas in
Kennebec County were without power, caused by ice that coated lines and branches an inch
thick. Most State government offices were closed, and innumerable businesses were forced
to close and remain closed because of blocked roadways and power outages.
The following table provides a town-by-town summary of damages resulting from the ice
storm of 1998.
Ice Storm of January, 1998
Town-by-Town Summary of Damages
Town/City
Damages
Albion
Augusta
Belgrade
Benton
Chelsea
China
Clinton
Farmingdale
Fayette
Gardiner
Hallowell
Litchfield
Manchester
Monmouth
Mt Vernon
Oakland
Pittston
Randolph
Readfield
Rome
Sidney
Vassalboro
Vienna
Waterville
Wayne
W. Gardiner
Windsor
Winslow
Winthrop
Total
$147,879
1,047,776
93,862
48,266
83,867
287,829
57,647
180,833
129,584
260,312
104,077
122,421
181,796
193,296
188,663
126,968
66,543
35,620
183,139
37,532
116,820
121,873
27,401
420,068
80,446
91,306
89,544
205,984
212,879
$4,944,231.00
Ice jams along the Kennebec River continue to be a serious problem with the potential for
significant flooding. During the winter of 2010, a large ice jam formed in Augusta, causing a
10 to 15 rise in the level of the river in about a half hour. Weeks later, the ice jam broke
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Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
loose and reformed in Hallowell. Later, the ice jam reformed in Farmingdale and Gardiner.
During the entire time the various ice jams were in place, officials from the Kennebec County
Emergency Management Agency met with community leaders, businesses and interested
citizens in Augusta, Hallowell, Farmingdale and Gardiner to advise them of the flooding
dangers caused by the ice jam and to urge that safety precautions be taken (such as
chaining LP tanks to buildings). Officials from the Cold Regions Research and Engineering
Laboratory (CRREL) studied the ice jam and advised EMA officials on potential courses of
action. In response to suggestions from some members of the public that officials blow up the
ice jam, officials from CRREL advised against that course of action because of the expense
and the potential for doing more harm than good.
Fortunately for the cities and towns along the Kennebec, Maine experienced a very warm
spring with no major storms, so the ice jam melted and broke loose on its own.
D. Probability of Occurrence
It is expected that a severe winter storm will cause damage in Kennebec County at least
once every three years. Storm events are shown on the County Base Map included in this
section.
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Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
WILDFIRE
Introduction
Kennebec County is subject to wildland (forest) fire events wildfires. Nearly 75% of the
County is forest land and the accessibility by vehicle to some areas is limited. The County has
been hit with 245 221 wildland fires wildfires from 1995 to 2001 2005 to 2010. A wildland fire
wildfire in October 1825 burned 3,000,000 acres in Maine and New Brunswick. The most
severe wildland fire wildfire in the State’s recent history occurred in October of 1947. This fire
burnt burned 205,678 acres and caused 16 deaths. However, most of the damages were
confined to Cumberland, Hancock, Oxford and York Counties.
All parts of the County are could be subject to wildland fires wildfires. However, the most
northern portion of the county has the least accessibility to the productive forestland due to
the lack of roads and development and the central and southern portion of the County has a
larger number of homes and businesses within the Urban-Wildland Interface.
General Definition. A wildfire is a fire that burns vegetative cover such as grass, timber or
slash. Wildfire is a natural phenomenon initially finding its origin in lightning. However,
humans have become the greatest cause of wildfires in Kennebec County. There are two
types of wildfires:


Wildland fires are defined as those fires that burn vegetative cover: grass, brush,
timber, or slash ;
Wildland urban interface fires are created where homes meet with highly volatile forest
fuels.
A. Location of Hazard
The Department of Conservation, Maine Forest Service Forest Protection Division tracks all
reported fire occurrences in the State on an annual basis. These are coded by cause:
campfire, children, debris burning – which can include backyard burning as well as the
agricultural practice of “burning over” blueberry fields, incendiary (includes arson), lightning,
machinery, miscellaneous, railroad and smoking. The number of fires by cause is shown on
the next page, followed by a town-by-town summary of fires.
B. Extent (Severity) of the Hazard
Well-distributed rainfall normally reduces forest fire risks, but seasonal variations, rapidly
draining soils and unusually dry periods can induce major blazes. In addition, insect damage
(such as the hemlock woolly adelgid and spruce budworm) diseases, severe weather, and
residential and commercial developments in wooded areas greatly increase the potential for
catastrophic fires. Over time, a considerable fuel supply can accumulate from the ignitable
slash of some logging operations and/or from dead trees left standing on the forest floor after
insect infestations.
Risk Assessment
4 - 45
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
C. Previous Occurrences
Based on information obtained from the Maine Forest Service, there have been no major fires
in Kennebec County in recent years. All of the wildfires known to have occurred were
confined to relatively small land areas. The following table includes a summary of the types of
fires that have occurred in Kennebec County between 2005 and 2010. Also see table on the
next page which contains a town-by-town summary of fires.
Kennebec County
Percentage of Fires by Cause, 2005 – 2010
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
Campfire
0
Children
3%
Debris
33%
Incendiary
3%
Lightning
0
Machinery
5%
Misc
10%
Railroad
44%
Smoking
3%
Source: Maine Forest Service
0
6%
38%
0
0
6%
28%
19%
3%
7%
12%
29%
2%
0
5%
10%
22%
12%
15%
11%
37%
4%
4%
15%
15%
0
0
4%
17%
13%
2%
2%
17%
23%
15%
6%
15%
2%
29%
22%
0
10%
10%
7%
5%
The table on the following page provides a town-by-town summary of wildfires that have
occurred in Kennebec County since 2005. Note that all of the fires have been confined to
very small acreages.
Historically, forest fires were one of the State's most significant hazards, and Maine averages
about 600-700 low acreage forest fires annually. Today, about 90% of all forest fires are
caused by human activity while lightning causes about 10%. During dry periods, the fire
danger increases rapidly.
Risk Assessment
4 - 46
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Fires in Kennebec County 2005 – 2010 by Town by Year
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
TOTAL
Fires Acres Fires Acres Fires Acres Fires Acres Fires Acres Fires Acres Fires Acres
Albion
2
5.5
Augusta
Belgrade
Benton
Chelsea
China
Clinton
Farmingdale
Fayette
Gardiner
Hallowell
Litchfield
Manchester
Monmouth
Mount Vernon
Oakland
Pittston
Randolph
Readfield
Rome
Sidney
Unity Township
Vassalboro
Vienna
Waterville
Wayne
West Gardiner
Windsor
Winslow
Winthrop
Total
2
3
1
10.7
1.2
0.1
3
4
5.1
0.86
1
1
3
2
1
2
2
1
0.08
0.01
1
0.11
0.10
0.45
0.20
1
4
2
20.15
2.1
1
0.1
2
6
2
7.6
0.81
1.7
4
1
0.66
0.5
4
1
1
4.2
0.1
0.1
2
2
1.4
.70
3
1
1.55
0.7
2
3
1
2
2.25
1
39
2
44.57
1
1
4
2
3
1
0.10
0.10
1.76
1.2
2.11
0.2
1
0.50
1
0.10
2
0.35
6
6.45
5
1
0.57
0.70
2
2
0.41
0.20
3
1
2
0.85
0.10
1.1
2
0.7
1
0.25
1
5
5
2
4.5
1.1
1.63
0.20
7
1
5
2.3
0.1
1.96
13
9
8
6
22
12
10
2
8
0
12
3
2
5
18
11
0
9
6
10
0
10
3
12
4
3
4
8
10
226
12.63
2.38
2.97
6.7
11.42
2.89
2.86
0.2
2.71
0
21.85
2.25
0.6
8.31
2.44
13.25
0
8.25
3.35
5.6
0
7.21
3.7
4.92
1.96
1.85
4.25
2.86
3.44
147.3
1
0.10
4
1.11
2
0.50
2
0.90
2
1
0.30
0.15
3
0.40
0.5
0.40
2
1
0.60
0.01
3
3.95
1
3
1
0.45
1
0.10
1
0.25
3
41
0.43
14.45
4
1
0.52
5.4
1
1
4
0.2
.05
1.7
1
3
3
1.85
1
2
1
2
3
0.20
0.85
3.35
1
1
3
4.01
1
0.5
3
1.15
8
1
0.32
0.25
2
3.5
1
3
1
1
1.71
1.5
1
3
1
41
1
0.46
0.01
21.29
1
2
3
26
1
1.1
0.65
13.42
2
2
47
1.2
0.35
21.91
.10
1
.10
32
31.66
Risk Assessment
4 - 47
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
D. Probability of Occurrence
While probability studies have not been done, based on the historical record of fires, the
Department of Conservation, Maine Forest Service Forest Protection Division anticipates
that, on a state-wide basis, there will be between 600-700 low acreage fires (from all causes)
each year (a low acreage fire is less than 500 acres). It is expected that a major wildland fire
event wildfire will could cause major destruction in Kennebec County at least once every
decade. Wildfire danger areas are shown on the County Base Maps included in this
section.
Hazardous Materials Incidents
A Hazardous Material incident would most likely occur in Kennebec County during a release
at a fixed facility, pipeline, or during a vehicle accident involving a cargo truck. Kennebec
County has 26 EHS facilities, 1 natural gas pipeline, 1 petroleum pipeline, U.S Interstates 95
and 495, and State Routes 3, 8, 9, 11, 27, 137, 139, 201 and 202 traffic corridors. The
facilities, pipeline and traffic corridors are indicated on the Municipal Base maps located in
this section.
The number of hazardous spills, as recorded by the
Protection, from 1983 to mid-2004 are listed on the
hazardous material.
Town
Petroleum Transformer Other
Product
Oil
Albion
26
9
1
Augusta
780
83
60
Belgrade
Benton
Chelsea
China
Clinton
Farmingdale
Fayette
Gardiner
Hallowell
Litchfield
Manchester
Monmouth
Mount Vernon
Oakland
Pittston
Randolph
Readfield
Rome
64
43
59
94
69
48
24
188
86
65
41
73
31
112
42
29
66
24
16
5
6
17
1
5
4
18
6
12
13
9
9
11
7
3
12
3
1
2
3
7
5
2
1
6
6
2
2
2
3
3
2
2
4
1
Risk Assessment
4 - 48
Maine Department of Environmental
following chart by town and type of
EHS Material
0
Sulfuric Acid: 300g, 100g, 2 g, 1 g and
0.2g Chlorine: 10 g and 2gal
25 gal Corrosive
1 lb Mercury
0
0
0
50 gal Sulfuric Acid
0
0
0
5 gal Corrosive and 0.02 gal Mercury
2 gal Hydrochloric Acid
0
0
0
0
30 gal Sulfuric Acid
0
0
0
0
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Sidney
Unity Township
Vassal boro
Vienna
Waterville
66
1
79
5
457
11
0
8
2
21
Wayne
West Gardiner
Windsor
Winslow
10
40
56
128
2
5
4
13
Winthrop
COUNTY Total
Percentage
109
2915
84.2
18
333
9.6%
2
0
2
0
31
0
0
0
0
Sulfuric Acid: 100g & 33g
Corrosive: 395g & 50g
0.5 gal Hydrochloric Acid & 0.1 lb
Mercury
0
0
0
0.5 lb Chlorine and 0.1 lb Mercury
0
0
18 Sulfuric Acid: 312g, 50g, 9g, 5.5g, &
1gal Corrosive: 350g, 100g, 50g & 5
gal
0.10 lb Chlorine
13 Sulfuric Acid: 200 gal & 0.2 gal
181 34
5.2% 1%
There have been 3,463 reported hazmat incidents in the last 21 years; 93.8% have involved
petroleum or transformer oil. The County averages 165 hazardous material spills every
year. To date, none of the 34 Extremely Hazardous Substance spills in the last 21 years have
caused casualties. However due to the steadily increasing amounts of HazMat traffic, it is felt
that it is only a matter of time before a mass casualty event will occur. It is expected that a
HazMat incident with significant casualties will happen in the next 20 years.
Assessing the Vulnerability: Identify Assets
7. Assessing Vulnerability: Overview
Requirement §201.6(c)(2)(ii): (The risk assessment shall include a) description of the
jurisdiction’s vulnerability to the hazards described in paragraph (c)(2)(i) of this section. This
description shall include an overall summary of each hazard and its impact on the
community. The plan should describe vulnerability in terms of: the types and numbers of
existing and future buildings, infrastructure and critical facilities located in the identified
hazard areas.
Elements
A. Does the new or updated plan include an overall summary description of the
jurisdiction’s vulnerability to each hazard?
B. Does the new or updated plan address the impact of each hazard on the
jurisdiction?
A.
Vulnerability of Kennebec County to each hazard
Flooding. Some of the County’s most serious flooding has been has been in areas
where there are residential and/or commercial structures including downtown
business districts in Augusta, Hallowell and Gardiner. With the exception of the
aforementioned areas, most of the developed areas in Kennebec County are located
outside of designated flood plains, and are thus not very vulnerable to flooding. On the
other hand, many parts of the County are very rural in nature, and are served by a
Risk Assessment
4 - 49
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
network of rural roads that do not have proper storm drainage systems. These roads
are very vulnerable to flooding caused by heavy downpours and/or the blockage of
drainage systems by ice or debris, even though these roads may not be in an
identified flood plain. See also discussion of dam breach impacts on 4-11 and 4-12.
Winter storms. Kennebec County’s location in Northern New England places it in a
high-risk area for winter storms. While the majority of winter storms in Kennebec
County occur during the winter season of December through March, there are
occasional winters storms in the late fall (November and early December) and in the
Spring (March – April). However, the severity of storms is typically most serious in
January and February, with storms in the earlier and later parts of the seasons usually
being of lesser magnitudes.
The time of day at which storms occur is also important, as overnight storms allow for
the closure of schools and businesses, whereas storms during the day force people to
travel home during storm conditions. Based on past experience, storms are most
likely to occur overnight or during the morning, but afternoon storms are still
somewhat likely.
A major blizzard of the severity that occurred in 1998 would impact nearly all of
Kennebec County and threaten the overhead electric and telephone lines. Roads
may be closed due to wash outs and debris in roads from trees and utility lines.
As noted earlier in this Assessment, Kennebec County has been included in a number
of Presidential Disaster Declarations for winter storms. Kennebec County contains atrisk populations that could be impacted by a major winter storm. Kennebec County
maintains a list of people who are at risk, and contacts them by phone during winter
storms to see if they need any assistance.
Wildfires. Kennebec County is heavily forested, and is vulnerable to forest fires.
However, all of the organized municipalities in Kennebec County are served by
capable fire departments. The Maine Forest Service has been very active in forest fire
prevention activities, and, through meetings convened by the Kennebec County
Emergency Management Agency, meets periodically with municipal fire chiefs on
matters related to wildfire prevention and response activities.
B.
Impacts of each hazard on Kennebec County
Flooding. In addition to damages to residential and commercial structures in some
locations, the typical damages resulting from flooding in Kennebec County include
damages to roads and their respective drainage systems. Historically, flood damages
have included partial or complete road washouts, as well as severe erosion of
roadside ditches, resulting in hazards to motorists if their vehicles go off the road. In
some cases, entire communities have been partly or completely isolated because the
only road serving the town has been damaged by floods. See also discussion of dam
breach impacts on 4-11 and 4-12.
Winter storms. The impacts of severe winter storms include road closures (and the
Risk Assessment
4 - 50
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
subsequent inability of emergency vehicles to provide help), the loss of power for
extended periods of time, high costs to local governments for snow removal efforts,
and loss of income to businesses and individuals due to business closures. Roof
collapses, both residential and commercial, are rare but they can occur when snow
loads become extreme.
Wildfires. The primary impacts include damages to homes located in the wildlandurban interface and loss of valuable timberland. A larger percentage of homes in rural
towns are located in the wildland-urban interface than homes in village areas. The
northern part of the County includes vast tracts of forestland that could be damaged by
wildfires.
8. Assessing Vulnerability: Addressing Repetitive Loss Properties
Requirement §201.6(c)(2)(ii): (The risk assessment) must also address National Flood
Insurance Program (NFIP) insured structures that have been repetitively damaged (by)
floods.
Element
A. Does the new or updated plan describe vulnerability in terms of the types
and numbers of repetitive loss properties located in the identified hazard areas?
Based on information obtained from the Maine State Planning Office, there are a number of
repetitive loss properties in Kennebec County, as shown in the table below.
Town/City
Albion
Augusta
Gardiner
Hallowell
Wayne
Winslow
Kennebec County Repetitive Loss Properties
Residential Structures
Non-Residential Structures
# Properties
# Losses
# Properties
# Losses
1
2
3
7
13
48
1
2
6
17
0
0
5
20
3
7
0
0
2
5
2
4
9. Assessing Vulnerability: Identifying Structures
Requirement §201.6(c)(2)(ii)(A): The plan should describe vulnerability in terms of the types
and numbers of existing and future buildings, infrastructure, and critical facilities located in
the identified hazard area.
Elements
A. Does the new or updated plan describe vulnerability in terms of the types
and numbers of existing buildings, infrastructure, and critical facilities located in
the identified hazard areas?
B. Does the new or updated plan describe vulnerability in terms of the types
and numbers of future buildings, infrastructure, and critical facilities located in
the identified hazard areas?
Risk Assessment
4 - 51
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
The Hazard Mitigation Plan identified existing buildings, infrastructure, and critical facilities
located within the County and the hazards to which these facilities are susceptible. A critical
facility is defined as a facility in either the public or private sector that provides essential
products and services to the general public, is otherwise necessary to preserve the welfare
and quality of life in the County, or fulfills important public safety, emergency response, and/or
disaster recovery functions.
The critical facilities identified in Kennebec County are municipal offices, fire and police
stations, post offices, town garages and sand/salt sheds, hospitals and clinics;
electric and communication utilities; water and wastewater treatment facilities; hazardous
material sites; and schools that have been inventoried as shelters.
Existing Critical Facilities
The Kennebec County Emergency Management Agency used existing Maine GIS map data
and a handheld GPS data collector to map and locate the county’s critical facilities and
determine which are most likely to be affected by hazards. The four three hazards most
likely to impact the County are flooding, severe winter storm events, and wildland fires
wildfires. flooding and hazardous material incidents. The analysis revealed the following:
A.
Vulnerability of existing buildings, infrastructure and critical facilities
Flooding



Buildings. Some of the County’s most serious flooding has been has been in
areas where there are residential and/or commercial structures including the
downtown areas of Augusta, Hallowell and Gardiner.
Infrastructure. Roads and their associated storm drainage systems are the
most vulnerable category of infrastructure. Many parts of the County are rural in
nature, and are served by a network of rural roads that do not have proper
storm drainage systems. These roads are very vulnerable to flooding caused by
heavy downpours and/or the blockage of drainage systems by ice or debris.
The most widespread flooding damages in Kennebec County, which occurs at
least once a decade, are damages to local roads.
Critical facilities. A 100-year flood could have an impact on five post offices,
three water pump stations, two electrical substations, two libraries, one waste
water pump station, one fire station, and one public works facility. The majority
of these would only involve minor damage, because the flooding would only
involve to the basements or a couple of several feet on the first floor. During
the Flood of 1987, which was considered to be a 500 year flood event, there
was considerable damage but were no public buildings lost were completely
destroyed.
Winter Storms

Buildings. All buildings in Kennebec County are vulnerable to winter storms.
Damages can include burst water pipes during power outages, interior water
damages due to ice dams forming on roofs, and occasionally, roof collapses
due to heavy snow loads.
Risk Assessment
4 - 52
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan


Infrastructure. A “Northeaster”, blizzard or ice storm of the severity that occurs
at least once every 3-5 years would have an impact on all roads in the County and
on all overhead electrical power and telephone lines. Roads may be covered in
snow, washed out, or blocked with tree debris. Utility lines and poles will be
felled.
Critical facilities. No critical structures were identified as being in danger from
a severe winter storm.
Wildfires



Buildings. Forest fires would have a tremendous impact on the large number
of homes located in the wildland-urban interface. We estimated that over
15,130 homes or 26.8% of the homes in Kennebec County are located in the
wildland-urban interface.
Infrastructure. Power, phone and cable lines can be damaged during a
wildfire. Roads and their storm drainage systems are much less vulnerable,
although road access to certain areas can be blocked by fires and by
emergency fire-fighting vehicles.
Critical facilities. Wildfires in Kennebec County have tended to be relatively
small, and have not been a threat to critical facilities. In the event of a very
large wildfire, some critical facilities could be damaged by fire and smoke.
Hazardous Materials Incident Hazard:
A Hazardous Material incident could occur at a fixed facility or by tractor
trailer trucks. Kennebec County has 26 EHS facilities and the U.S.
Interstate 95 or 495 highways and the state routes 3, 8, 9, 11, 27, 137, 139,
201 and 202 traffic corridors. The facilities and traffic corridors are indicated
on the Municipal Base maps located in this section.
The majority of the extremely hazardous materials that are produced, used,
or transported through Kennebec County are gases. Although, these
materials could cause severe harm to people and animals, they will not
destroy or damage any critical public facilities. The primary effect to the
critical facilities will be to cause a temporary stop in the operations at these
facilities. The effect of a EHS hazardous materials release will be lifesaving
and not property protection in nature.
There have been 3,463 hazmat accidents in the last 21 years; 93.8% have
involved petroleum or transformer oil. To date, excluding injuries caused by a
transportation accident, no HazMat Incidents have involved casualties.
However due to the amount and steadily increasing amounts of hazmat traffic,
it is felt that it is only a matter of time before a mass casualty event will
occur. It is expected that a HazMat incident with significant casualties will
happen in the next 21 years.
Growth
In addition to critical facilities, Kennebec County contains at risk populations that
should be factored into a vulnerability assessment. These include a relatively large
Risk Assessment
4 - 53
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
population of elderly residents who live alone in very rural areas and who have with
limited mobility.
An analysis of the local municipal comprehensive plans and general growth patterns
for the Kennebec County communities indicate that there will be a slight but constant
increase 5% in residents expected over the next 10 years.
Facility Types
The following chart identifies the type and number of critical facilities in each town in
Kennebec County. The location of each of these facilities were GPSed was identified
by GPS and located on the GIS maps included in this section.
County Asset Inventory by Municipality
Mu Fir P
P P Water Wast
nici e
oli o u Treat/ ewat
pal St ce st bli Stora er
Offi ati St O c
ge
Treat
ce
on ati ffi W
ment
on c or
e ks
Town
Albio
n
Augu
sta
Belgr
ade
Bento
n
Chels
ea
China
Clinto
n
Farmi
ngdal
e
Fayet
te
Gardi
ner
Hallo
well
Litchfi
eld
Manc
heste
r
Mon
mout
h
Moun
1
1
1
3
1
3
2
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
3
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
3
Hospit
al/Clin
ic
1
1
1
8
1
1
1
1
1
Comm
unicati
on
Tower
Ai
rp
or
t
Ha
zm
at
Fa
cili
ty
1
1
8
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
2
4
2
1
1
1
1
Sc P
ho o
ol w
er
Pl
a
nt
1
1
1
2
1
Li
br
ar
y
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
3
2
3
1
1
1
1
Risk Assessment
4 - 54
4
1
1
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
t
Verno
n
Oakla
nd
Pittst
on
Rand
olph
Readf
ield
Rome
Sidne
y
Unity
Plant
ation
Vass
albor
o
Vienn
a
Water
ville
Wayn
e
West
Gardi
ner
Wind
sor
Winsl
ow
Winth
rop
TOTA
L
B.
1
2
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
3
2
1
2
1
1
3
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
30
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
4
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
3
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
1
2
3
46
10
28
39
21
12
20
49
5
7
11
2
26
Vulnerability of future buildings, infrastructure and critical facilities
Assessing where future development will occur in the towns in Kennebec County is
difficult due to a lack of municipal data, policies and programs. Most of the Kennebec
County towns are very small and rural and do not have planning departments, building
codes or even a full time code enforcement officer. There is a moderate level of residential,
commercial, industrial and public construction completed in most of these communities.
There is residential construction, however, there is very little controlling guidance on
single-family home construction in the State of Maine at any level of government.
Floodplain ordinances and septic system designs are about the only controlling
guidance. As documented more fully in Section 6, there are a number of local plans
and ordinances that will help reduce the vulnerability of future buildings, infrastructure
and critical facilities to the hazards profiled in this Plan. All but one of the municipalities
have a comprehensive plan; all have a floodplain management ordinance and a
shoreland zoning ordinance, all but five have a local subdivision ordinance, and 18
Risk Assessment
4 - 55
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
have a town-wide zoning ordinance.
Beginning in December of 2010, a new, statewide building code goes into effect. It is
too early to predict whether or not this will have an impact on the vulnerability of future
buildings and critical facilities.
The Maine State Planning Office has projected that Kennebec County’s growth will
continue to lag that of the State as a whole. The County is expected to grow from
about 121,090 people in 2009, to 123,655 people by 2018 (a gain of 2,565 people, or
2.1%). Given this very modest growth rate, there will be very few if any future
buildings, infrastructure or critical facilities that will be vulnerable to the identified
hazards.
Flooding:

Buildings. The majority of damages from flooding in Kennebec County is to
roads, not structures. We were unable to find any records of destroyed structures
in the County due to flooding in the last 50 years. All county towns, except
Vassalboro, have floodplain ordinances that provide some control over new
development in flood zones. In 1987, Kennebec County was hit with a greater
then than 100 year flood which caused significant flood damage to a handful
number of buildings. However none of the structures received major damage or
were destroyed. Many of these buildings have been flood-proofed. All new
development must meet NFIP requirements.
 Infrastructure. Future roads and their associated storm drainage systems
would seem to be the most likely category of infrastructure that would be
vulnerable to flooding. However, State and local road construction standards
generally ensure that new roads are properly constructed with adequate storm
drainage systems. Most if not all roads in the public domain must be designed
by a registered professional engineer. Therefore, flooding of future roads is not
likely to be a serious issue in Kennebec County.
 Critical facilities. Because of the requirements of the Flood Insurance
Program, as well as shoreland zoning requirements and a greater awareness of
flooding in all communities, future critical facilities will continue to be located
outside floodplain areas. The exception may be wastewater treatment plants,
due to the need to locate these facilities at lower elevations.
Winter storms

Buildings. New buildings in Kennebec County should be less vulnerable to
winter storms. Damages may include burst water pipes, but many newer
buildings will be better insulated than older ones, thus being better able to retain
heat during longer periods of time when there is a power outage. There will be
less interior water damage due to ice dams forming on roofs because the roofs
of newer buildings generally are properly vented, which allows the roofs to
remain cold. Roof collapses due to heavy snow loads will be very rare because
newer roofs are designed to withstand heavy snow loads. It is unlikely that a
severe winter or summer storm will have any impact on future structures. This
Risk Assessment
4 - 56
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
hazard primarily impacts local roads and overhead utility lines.
 Infrastructure. Roads will continue to be the most vulnerable category of
infrastructure. New roads can be just as easily blocked on a temporary basis
due to heavy snowfall, ice building up on the road surface, and debris such as
tree limbs accumulating on the road surface during a storm event. However, in
the present economy, it is unlikely that Kennebec County will experience much
new road construction, with the possible exception of small road segments
serving subdivisions.
 Critical facilities. Future critical facilities in Kennebec County will be
vulnerable to winter storms in the same manner that individual buildings will be
vulnerable. However, some of them will have back-up generator systems which
will allow heating systems to continue operating during a power outage.
Wildfires

Buildings. Forest fires Wildfires in Kennebec County towns primarily threaten
residential structures in the wildland-urban interface. In all Kennebec County
communities, homes are allowed to be built anywhere, in any most land use
zones. Some communities may decided to provide wildland fire wildfire protection
information to new residents who wish to built new homes at the time they are
issued a land use permit.
 Infrastructure. Future power, phone and cable lines can be damaged during a
wildfire, although the level of future development is expected to be minimal,
primarily because of the low growth rate projected for the County.
 Critical facilities. Future critical facilities may be vulnerable to a very large
wildfire. However, the expectation is that there will be very few new critical
facilities constructed during the life of this plan.
Hazardous Materials Incident: A Hazardous Materials incident in Kennebec County will
occur on a major transportation route or at an EHS facility. Because most of the
HazMat accidents are either petroleum products or inhalation hazards, there is little
possibility of damages occurring to future structures. However, the land use type for
future facilities such as schools and hospitals could be impacted. Most communities
have Planning Boards and it is assumed that such issues would be brought forward for
consideration by these boards.
10. Assessing Vulnerability: Estimating Potential Losses
Requirement §201.6(c)(2)(ii)(B): (The plan should describe vulnerability in terms of an)
estimate of the potential dollar losses to vulnerable structures identified in paragraph
(c)(2)(ii)(A) of this section and a description of the methodology used to prepare the
estimate.
Elements A. Does the new or updated plan estimate potential dollar losses to vulnerable
structures?
B. Does the new or updated plan describe the methodology used to prepare
the estimate?
The Kennebec County Emergency Management Agency and the Kennebec County Hazard
Risk Assessment
4 - 57
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Mitigation Planning Team, with assistance from Thorndike Engineering, Inc. used GIS
modeling, GPS data collection, field inspections, and historical data to estimate the potential
dollar losses if the County were to experience severe winter storms, flooding, and wildfires,
and hazmat incidents, the most likely hazards to occur in the County. The vulnerable
structures and facilities were identified earlier in the planning process. See the County and
Municipal Base Maps to locate the Facilities impacted by the Hazard Areas.
The Kennebec County Hazard Mitigation Planning Team estimated the potential losses from
Severe Winter Storms, Flooding, and Wildfires and HazMat Incidents. The results are listed
on the following pages.
(New material begins on page 48)
Risk Assessment
4 - 58
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Potential Severe Winter Storm losses
The primary damage losses that are expected in Kennebec County during a “Northeaster”,
blizzard or ice storm would be to overhead utility lines and local roads. In calculating the
damage costs, the Planning Team assumed that all local roads would be covered in snow or
ice or blocked with tree and utility line debris. The Team used a figure of $500/mile for road
debris clearance or snow removal. The Team also assumed, as a worst case scenario, the
total loss of all utility lines and poles from a major winter disaster. The following cost
figures were supplied by Central Maine Power Company and Northland Telephone
Company:
1. Electrical Power Lines and Utility Poles
a. 22,000V Lines = $32,000/mile to replace
b. 34,500V Lines = $300,000/mile to replace
c. 46,000V Lines = $500,000/mile to replace
d. 115,00V Lines = $700,000/mile to replace
e. 345,000V Lines = $1,300,000/mile to replace
2. Telephone Lines = $2,000/mile to replace
No critical structures were identified as in danger from a severe winter storm event in the
County.
Municipality
Critical Facility
Albion
Electrical Power Lines
Telephone Lines
Paved Road Surfaces
Gravel Road Surfaces
Electrical Power Lines
Telephone Lines
Paved Road Surfaces
Gravel Road Surfaces
Electrical Power Lines
Telephone Lines
Paved Road Surfaces
Gravel Road Surfaces
Electrical Power Lines
Telephone Lines
Paved Road Surfaces
Gravel Road Surfaces
Electrical Power Lines
Telephone Lines
Paved Road Surfaces
Gravel Road Surfaces
Augusta
Belgrade
Benton
Chelsea
Function Lost
Electricity
Communications
Transportation
Transportation
Electricity
Communications
Transportation
Transportation
Electricity
Communications
Transportation
Transportation
Electricity
Communications
Transportation
Transportation
Electricity
Communications
Transportation
Transportation
Risk Assessment
4 - 59
Quantity
(Miles)
58.2
58.2
48.9
9.3
100
100
99.36
0
67
67
67
0
46.65
46.65
45.15
1.6
23.74
23.74
21.24
2.5
Damage Cost
$1,862,400
$116,400
$24,450
$4,650
$3,200,000
$200,000
$49,680
$0
$2,144,000
$134,000
$33,500
$0
$1,492,800
$93,300
$22,575
$800
$759,680
$47,480
$10,620
$1,250
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Municipality
Critical Facility
Function Lost
China
Electrical Power Lines
Telephone Lines
Paved Road Surfaces
Gravel Road Surfaces
Electrical Power Lines
Telephone Lines
Paved Road Surfaces
Gravel Road Surfaces
Electrical Power Lines
Telephone Lines
Paved Road Surfaces
Gravel Road Surfaces
Electrical Power Lines
Telephone Lines
Paved Road Surfaces
Gravel Road Surfaces
Electrical Power Lines
Telephone Lines
Paved Road Surfaces
Gravel Road Surfaces
Electrical Power Lines
Telephone Lines
Paved Road Surfaces
Gravel Road Surfaces
Electrical Power Lines
Telephone Lines
Paved Road Surfaces
Gravel Road Surfaces
Electrical Power Lines
Telephone Lines
Paved Road Surfaces
Gravel Road Surfaces
Electricity
Communications
Transportation
Transportation
Electricity
Communications
Transportation
Transportation
Electricity
Communications
Transportation
Transportation
Electricity
Communications
Transportation
Transportation
Electricity
Communications
Transportation
Transportation
Electricity
Communications
Transportation
Transportation
Electricity
Communications
Transportation
Transportation
Electricity
Communications
Transportation
Transportation
Municipality
Critical Facility
Function Lost
Monmouth
Electrical Power Lines
Telephone Lines
Paved Road Surfaces
Gravel Road Surfaces
Electricity
Communications
Transportation
Transportation
Clinton
Farmingdale
Fayette
Gardiner
Hallowell
Litchfield
Manchester
Mount Vernon
Electrical Power Lines Electricity
Risk Assessment
4 - 60
Quantity
(Miles)
60
60
57.5
2.47
41.5
41.5
41.5
0
29.6
29.6
29.6
0
38.44
38.44
21.15
17.29
44
44
44
0
28
28
27
1
68
68
64.15
3.88
46.5
46.5
46.5
0
Quantity
(Miles)
50
50
40
10
40
Damage Cost
$1,920,000
$120,000
$28,750
$1,235
$1,328,000
$83,000
$20,750
$0
$947,200
$59,200
$14,800
$0
$1,230,080
$76,880
$10,575
$8,645
$1,408,000
$88,000
$22,000
$0
$896,000
$56,000
$13,500
$500
$2,176,000
$136,000
$32,075
$1,940
$1,488,640
$93,040
$23,260
$0
Damage Cost
$1,600,000
$100,000
$20,000
$5,000
$1,280,000
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Telephone Lines
Communications
Paved Road Surfaces Transportation
Gravel Road Surfaces Transportation
Oakland
Pittston
Randolph
Readfield
Rome
Sidney
Municipality
Unity Township
Vassa boro
Vienna
Electrical Power Lines
Telephone Lines
Paved Road Surfaces
Gravel Road Surfaces
Electrical Power Lines
Telephone Lines
Paved Road Surfaces
Gravel Road Surfaces
Electrical Power Lines
Telephone Lines
Paved Road Surfaces
Gravel Road Surfaces
Electrical Power Lines
Telephone Lines
Paved Road Surfaces
Gravel Road Surfaces
Electrical Power Lines
Telephone Lines
Paved Road Surfaces
Gravel Road Surfaces
Electrical Power Lines
Telephone Lines
Paved Road Surfaces
Gravel Road Surfaces
Electricity
Communications
Transportation
Transportation
Electricity
Communications
Transportation
Transportation
Electricity
Communications
Transportation
Transportation
Electricity
Communications
Transportation
Transportation
Electricity
Communications
Transportation
Transportation
Electricity
Communications
Transportation
Transportation
Critical Facility
Function Lost
Electrical Power Lines
Telephone Lines
Paved Road Surfaces
Gravel Road Surfaces
Electrical Power Lines
Telephone Lines
Paved Road Surfaces
Gravel Road Surfaces
Electrical Power Lines
Telephone Lines
Paved Road Surfaces
Gravel Road Surfaces
Electricity
Communications
Transportation
Transportation
Electricity
Communications
Transportation
Transportation
Electricity
Communications
Transportation
Transportation
Risk Assessment
4 - 61
40
40
0
120.35
120.35
120.35
0
53.08
53.08
40.42
12.66
7.7
7.7
7.7
0
34
34
34
0
28.55
28.55
25.55
3
61.45
61.45
58.27
3.18
Quantity
(Miles)
2.5
2.5
2.5
0
70.8
70.8
67.8
3
22
22
22
0
$80,000
$20,000
$0
$3,851,200
$240,700
$60,175
$0
$1,698,560
$106,160
$20,210
$6,330
$246,400
$15,400
$3,850
$0
$1,088,000
$68,000
$17,000
$0
$913,600
$57,100
$12,775
$1,500
$1,966,400
$122,900
$29,135
$1,590
Damage Cost
$80,000
$5,000
$1,250
$0
$2,265,600
$141,600
$33,900
$1,500
$704,000
$44,000
$11,000
$0
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Waterville
Wayne
West Gardiner
Windsor
Winslow
Winthrop
Total County
Electrical Power Lines
Telephone Lines
Paved Road Surfaces
Gravel Road Surfaces
Electrical Power Lines
Telephone Lines
Paved Road Surfaces
Gravel Road Surfaces
Electrical Power Lines
Telephone Lines
Paved Road Surfaces
Gravel Road Surfaces
Electrical Power Lines
Telephone Lines
Paved Road Surfaces
Gravel Road Surfaces
Electrical Power Lines
Telephone Lines
Paved Road Surfaces
Gravel Road Surfaces
Electrical Power Lines
Telephone Lines
Paved Road Surfaces
Gravel Road Surfaces
Electrical Power Lines
Telephone Lines
Paved Road Surfaces
Gravel Road Surfaces
Electricity
Communications
Transportation
Transportation
Electricity
Communications
Transportation
Transportation
Electricity
Communications
Transportation
Transportation
Electricity
Communications
Transportation
Transportation
Electricity
Communications
Transportation
Transportation
Electricity
Communications
Transportation
Transportation
Electricity
Communications
Transportation
Transportation
Grand Total
Risk Assessment
4 - 62
90
90
90
0
46.16
46.16
41.79
4.37
42
42
42
0
43.27
43.27
40.43
2.84
80
80
80
0
55.47
55.47
52.8
2.67
1466.96
1466.96
1386.66
79.76
$2,880,000
$180,000
$45,000
$0
$1,477,120
$92,320
$20,895
$2,185
$1,344,000
$84,000
$21,000
$0
$1,384.640
$86,540
$20,215
$1,420
$2,560,000
$160,000
$40,000
$0
$1,775,040
$110,940
$26,400
$1,335
$47,966,720
$2,997,920
$709,330
$39,880
$51,713,850
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Potential Flood losses
The primary damage losses that are expected in Kennebec County during any
flood event would be damage to local roads. In calculating the damage costs, the
Planning Team assumed all roads that were either in the 100 year flood zone or
had experienced flooding in the past would be effected. The Team used a figure of
$250,000/mile for rebuilding paved roads and $130,000/mile for rebuilding gravel
roads. The Team also assumed that any major structure or critical facility located in
the 100 year flood zone would be effected. The following cost figures were
supplied by Thorndike Engineering, Inc.
Municipality
Critical Facility
Albion
$28,500
Benton Road
Winslow Road
Post Office
Acadia Highway
Albee Road
Bangor Street
Blair Road
Bog Road
Bond Brook Road
Bond Street
Burns Road
Canal Street
Church Hill Road
Cony Street
Dalton Road
Eastern Avenue
Elm Street
Howard Street
Ingraham Mountain Road
Lawson Road
Mount Vernon Road
North Belfast Avenue
Northern Avenue
Old Belgrade Road
Riverside Drive
South Belfast Road
Stevens Road
Thomaston Road
Water Street
West River Road
Williams Street
Willow Street
Augusta
$1,395,800
Function Lost
Transportation
Communications
Transportation
Risk Assessment
4 - 63
Amt of
Damage
400 LF
200 LF
1 Ea
1,500 LF
700 LF
250 LF
600 LF
150 LF
900 LF
400 LF
150 LF
600 LF
400 LF
100 LF
550 LF
100 LF
100 LF
800 LF
1,000 LF
500 LF
3,800 LF
200 LF
400 LF
150 LF
50 LF
800 LF
900 LF
700 LF
2,500 LF
50 LF
150 LF
400 LF
Damage
Cost
$19,000
$9,500
$500,000
$71,000
$33,000
$11,900
$28,500
$7,100
$42,700
$19,000
$7,100
$28,500
$19,000
$4,800
$26,000
$4,800
$4,800
$37,900
$47,400
$23,700
$180,000
$9,500
$19,000
$7,100
$2,400
$37,900
$42,700
$33,100
$118,400
$2,400
$7,100
$19,000
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Municipality
Belgrade
$322,500
Benton
$4,931,600
Chelsea
$104 ,200
Critical Facility
Bartlett Road
Damren Road
Horse Point Road
Knowles Road
Labor Road
McGrath Pond Road
Narrows Road
Old Bog
Road Point
Road
Sahagean Road
Smithfield Road
Taylor Woods Road
West Road
Wing Mills Road
State Route 27
State Route 135
Homes
Bangor Road
Bog Road
Clinton Avenue
East Benton Road
Gogan Road
Monk Road
Pleasant Drive
Richards Road
River Road
Unity Road
Sabastacook Bridge
Cooper Road
Intervale Road
Searls Mill Road
Wellman Road
Windsor Road
State Route 9
State Route 17 Bypass
Electrical Substation
Augusta Road
Bog Road
Dirigo Road
Hanson Road
Horseback Road (G)
Function Lost
Transportation
Shelter
Transportation
Transportation
Electrical Power
Transportation
Risk Assessment
4 - 64
Amt of
Damage
Damage
Cost
200 LF
200 LF
1,300 LF
500 LF
950 LF
200 LF
1,600 LF
100 LF
200 LF
$9,500
$9,500
$61,600
$23,700
$45,000
$9,500
$75,800
$4,800
$9,500
300 LF
100 LF
400 LF
100 LF
150 LF
200 LF
300 LF
14
300 LF
250 LF
100 LF
150 LF
150 LF
200 LF
900 LF
100 LF
350 LF
1,500 LF
1 EA
200 LF
1,600 LF
100 LF
100 LF
500 LF
300 LF
200 LF
1 Ea
3,500 LF
500 LF
400 LF
300 LF
1,400 LF
$14,200
$4,800
$19,000
$4,800
$7,100
$9,500
$14,200
$1,169,000
$14,200
$6,200
$4,800
$7,100
$7,100
$9,500
$42,600
$4,800
$16,600
$71,000
$3,578,700
$9,500
$40,000
$2,500
$4,800
$23,700
$14,200
$9,500
$100,000
$165,700
$23,700
$19,000
$14,200
$34,500
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
China
$544,600
Municipality
Clinton
$350,500
Farmingdale
$4,444,000
Fayette
$588,400
Gardiner
$1,855,000
Ingraham Road
Neck Road
Pine Point Road
Pond Road
Stanley Hill Road
Tobey Road
Weeks Mills Road
Winding Hill Road
Windsor Road
State Route 3
State Route 137
Critical Facility
East River Road
Peavey Road
Pleasant Street
River Road
State Route 11/100
State Route 23
Homes
Other Structures
Bog Farm Road
Bowman Street Extension
Litchfield Road
Maine Avenue
Northern Avenue
Sheldon Street
Homes
Bamford Hill Road
Homes
Other Structures
Public Library
Water Pump Station
Bridge Street
Capen Road
Church Street
Cobbossee Avenue
Costello Road
Johnson Street
Libby Hill Road
Maine Avenue
Marston Road
River Avenue
Riverside Road
Riverview Drive
School Street
150 LF
500 LF
400 LF
100 LF
1,300 LF
250 LF
100 LF
400 LF
200 LF
250 LF
300 LF
Function Lost
Transportation
Shelter
Transportation
Shelter
Transportation
Shelter
Education
Water
Transportation
Risk Assessment
4 - 65
$7,100
$23,700
$19,000
$4,800
$61,600
$11,900
$4,800
$19,000
$9,500
$11,900
$14,200
Amt of
Damage
Damage
Cost
3,600 LF
650 LF
400 LF
1,300 LF
1,100 LF
350 LF
32 EA
15 EA
50 LF
500 LF
200 LF
5,300 LF
750 LF
200 LF
6 EA
350 LF
74 EA
48 EA
1 EA
2 EA
1,000 LF
100 LF
150 LF
300 LF
650 LF
200 LF
450 LF
1,500 LF
1,250 LF
9,200 LF
3,400 LF
2,200 LF
100 LF
$170,500
$30,800
$19,000
$61,600
$52,000
$16,600
$2,806,400
$1,315,500
$2,400
$23,700
$9,500
$251,000
$35,500
$9,500
$571,800
$16,600
$5,690,600
$3,691,200
$250,000
$200,000
$47,400
$4,800
$7,100
$14,200
$30,800
$9,500
$21,400
$71,000
$59,200
$435,600
$161,000
$104,200
$4,800
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Hallowell
$5 ,196 ,100
Municipality
Litchfield
$295,300
Manchester
$284,600
Water Street
Winter Street
Homes
Other Structures
Central Street
Elms Street
Front Street
Gows Lane
Laughton Street
Litchfield Road
Perley Lane
Smith Road
Temple Lane
Town Farm Road
Vaughn Road
Water Street
Winthrop Street
Critical Facility
Dead River Road
Dennis Hill Road
Hallowell Road
Oak Hill Road
Plains Road
Stevenstown Road
Thorofare Road
Upper Pond Road
Whippoorwill Road
State Route 9/1 26
State Route 197
Bensen Road
Bog Road
Collins Road
Cyrs Road
Granite Hill Road
Knowles Road
Lyons Road
Meadow Hill
Road
Old Belgrade Road
Old Hallowell Road
Pond Road
Prescott Road
Puddledock Road
Readfield Road
Shelter
Transportation
Function Lost
Transportation
Transportation
Risk Assessment
4 - 66
1,000 LF
100 LF
43 EA
9 EA
150 LF
150 LF
900 LF
150 LF
100 LF
750 LF
300 LF
200 LF
250 LF
100 LF
250 LF
5,200 LF
200 LF
$47,400
$4,800
$3,956,000
$828,000
$7,100
$7,100
$42,700
$7,100
$4,800
$35,500
$14,200
$9,500
$11,900
$4,800
$11,900
$246,000
$9,500
Amt of
Damage
Damage
Cost
150 LF
600 LF
1,000 LF
1,600 LF
100 LF
500 LF
100 LF
1,200 LF
800 LF
200 LF
600 LF
100 LF
200 LF
300 LF
100 LF
800 LF
250 LF
1,400 LF
50 LF
$7,100
$28,400
$47,400
$45,500
$4,800
$24,700
$4,800
$56,800
$37,900
$9,500
$28,400
$4,800
$9,500
$14,200
$4,800
$37,900
$11,900
$66,300
$2,400
100 LF
350 LF
800 LF
200 LF
1,200 LF
150 LF
$4,800
$16,600
$37,900
$9,500
$56,900
$7,100
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Monmouth
$872,500
Mount Vernon
$510,600
Municipality
Oakland
$326,100
Pittston
$344,100
Post Office
Annabessacook Road
Blue Road
Bonin Road
Carver Road
Fish Hatchery Road
Gilman Road
Larry Drive
Lewiston Road
Macomber Road
Maple Avenue
Old Road
Prescott Hill Road
Pine Hill Road
Ridge Road
Sanborn Road
Tillson Road
Waugan Road
Wilson Pond Road
State Route 126
State Route 202
Post Office
Belgrade Road
Blake Hill Road
Crank Road
Echo Lake Road
Seaveys Corner Road
Wings Mills Road
Communications
Transportation
Critical Facility
Function Lost
Post Office
Electrical Substation
County Road
Rice Rips Road
Water Street
Blinn Hill Road
Blodgett Road
Choate Road
Caston Road
Hanley Road
Hunts Meadow Road
Jewett Road
Kelly Street
Old Cedar Grove
Street Palmer Road
Parker Road
Pinkham Road
Communications
Electrical Power
Transportation
Communication
Transportation
Transportation
Risk Assessment
4 - 67
2 EA
700 LF
2,000 LF
300 LF
1,100 LF
500 LF
250 LF
600 LF
300 LF
200 LF
1,100 LF
200 LF
300 LF
300 LF
200 LF
900 LF
200 LF
800 LF
1,100 LF
600 LF
1,500 LF
1 EA
1,500 LF
1,400 LF
100 LF
100 LF
600 LF
200 LF
Amt of
Damage
1 EA
1 EA
200 LF
200 LF
150 LF
200 LF
300 LF
500 LF
100 LF
200 LF
200 LF
400 LF
700 LF
1,900 LF
300 LF
200 LF
200 LF
$250,000
$33,200
$94,700
$14,200
$52,000
$23,700
$11,800
$28,400
$14,200
$9,500
$52,000
$9,500
$14,200
$14,200
$9,500
$42,600
$9,500
$37,900
$52,000
$28,400
$71,000
$250,000
$71,000
$66,300
$4,800
$4,800
$28,400
$9,500
Damage
Cost
$200,000
$100,000
$9,500
$9,500
$7,100
$9,500
$8,500
$23,700
$2,900
$5,700
$9,500
$11,400
$33,200
$54,000
$8,500
$5,700
$9,500
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Randolph
$1,391,600
Readfield
$229,800
Rome
$840,900
Sidney
$52,200
Vassalboro
$0
Unity Township
$0
Municipality
Vienna
$59,400
Qunital Road
Warren Road
Webb Road
State Route 27
State Route 126
State Route 194
Fire Station
Water Pump Station
Public Works Facility
Barber Road
Belmont Avenue
Clark Street
Elm Street
Kinderhook Street
Mill Street
School Street
Third Street
Water Street
Windsor Street
Church Road
Lake Shores Road
Lake View Drive
Torsey Lake Road
State Route 17
Homes
State Route 225
Church Road
Eight Rod Road
Mills Road
Philbrick Road
West River Road
Emergency Servc
Water Supply
Transportation
Transportation
Shelter
Transportation
Transportation
1,500 LF
200 LF
300 LF
500 LF
200 LF
800 LF
1 EA
1 EA
1 EA
20 LF
300 LF
50 LF
400 LF
300 LF
550 LF
200 LF
40 LF
6,000 LF
410 LF
400 LF
100 LF
300 LF
3,800 LF
250 LF
7 EA
1,600 LF
200 LF
300 LF
200 LF
200 LF
400 LF
$71,000
$5,700
$14,200
$23,700
$9,500
$37,900
$400,000
$100,000
$500,000
$1,000
$14,200
$2,400
$19,000
$14,200
$26,000
$9,500
$1,900
$284,000
$19,400
$19,000
$4,800
$14,200
$180,000
$11,800
$765,100
$75,800
$9,500
$8,500
$5,700
$9,500
$19,000
None
0
$0
None
0
$0
Critical Facility
Kimball Pond Road
Klir Beck Road
Mace Road
Seaveys Corner Road
Trask Road
State Route 41
Waste Water Pump Stn
Allen Street
College Avenue
Function Lost
Transportation
Utilities
Transportation
Risk Assessment
4 - 68
Amt of
Damage
100 LF
500 LF
300 LF
150 LF
100 LF
100 LF
1 EA
100 LF
80 LF
Damage
Cost
$4,800
$23,700
$14,200
$7,100
$4,800
$4,800
$200,000
$4,800
3,800
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Waterville
$739,300
Wayne
$10,316,400
West Gardiner
$293,700
Municipality
County Road
Drummond Avenue
Dunton Court
Glen Avenue
Green Street
Kennebec Street
Lockwood Alley
Mayflower Hill Drive
Morrill Avenue
North Street
North Riverside Drive
Oxford Street
Redington Street
Sherwin Street
South Street
Trafton Road
Water Street
Western Avenue
West River Road
Homes
Berry Road
Fairbanks Road
Gott Road
Green True Road
Hathaway Road
Lake Street
North Pond Road
Old Winthrop Road
Pond Road
Turkey Lane
West Acres Road
State Road 133
State Route 219
Bog Hill Road
Collins Mill Road
Crams Road
Dennis Hill
Road High
Street
Indiania Road
West Road
State Route 9
Critical Facility
Shelter
Transportation
Transportation
Function Lost
Choate Road
150 LF
50 LF
500 LF
100 LF
1,100 LF
600 LF
450 LF
350 LF
450 LF
200 LF
1,300 LF
400 LF
100 LF
150 LF
250 LF
400 LF
4,300 LF
250 LF
100 LF
77 EA
600 LF
100 LF
900 LF
250 LF
200 LF
300 LF
800 LF
200 LF
100 LF
100 LF
600 LF
700 LF
150 LF
450 LF
400 LF
2,000 LF
200 LF
150 LF
$7,100
$2,400
$23,700
$4,800
$52,000
$28,400
$21,300
$16,600
$21,300
$9,500
$61,500
$19,000
$4,800
$7,100
$11,900
$19,000
$203,600
$11,900
$4,800
$10,079,300
$28,400
$4,800
$42,600
$11,900
$9,500
$14,200
$37,900
$9,500
$4,800
$4,800
$28,400
$33,200
$7,100
$21,300
$19,000
$94,700
$9,500
$7,100
50 LF
750 LF
2,200 LF
$2,400
$35,500
$104,200
Amt of
Damage
100 LF
Risk Assessment
4 - 69
Damage
Cost
$4,800
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Windsor
$154,100
Winslow
$731,100
Winthrop
$62,303,800
Coopers Mills Road
Greeley Road
Griffin Road
Legion Park Road
Maxcy’s Mills
Road Shuman
Road
Tyler Road
Weeks Mills Road
State Route 17
State Route 32
State Route 105
Library
Albion Road
Augusta Road
Bay Street
Bridge Street
China Road
Cushman Road
Dunbar Road
Eames Road
Garland Road
Halifax Street
Lithgow Street
North Pond Road
Nowell Road
Quimby Lane
South Pond Road
Homes
Post Office
Annabessacook Road
Birch Street
Bowdoin Street
Case Road
Central Street
Holmes Road
Lake Street
Maxim Street
Memorial Drive
Mount Pisgah Road
Narrows Pond Road
North Wayne Road
Old Augusta Road
South Road
Stanley Road
Summer Street
Wayne Road
Welch Point Road
Transportation
Education
Transportation
Shelter
Communication
Transportation
Risk Assessment
4 - 70
200 LF
200 LF
300 LF
300 LF
300 LF
200 LF
300 LF
300 LF
500 LF
150 LF
400 LF
1 EA
700 LF
2,900 LF
100 LF
250 LF
1,100 LF
150 LF
100 LF
100 LF
700 LF
800 LF
2,800 LF
100 LF
100 LF
100 LF
150 LF
637 EA
1 EA
200 LF
100 LF
80 LF
400 LF
200 LF
200 LF
1,100 LF
150 LF
700 LF
150 LF
150 LF
600 LF
200 LF
600 LF
400 LF
500 LF
800 LF
300 LF
$9,500
$9,500
$14,200
$14,200
$14,200
$9,500
$14,200
$14,200
$23,700
$7,100
$19,000
$250,000
$33,200
$137,300
$4,800
$11,900
$52,000
$7,100
$4,800
$4,800
$33,200
$37,900
$132,600
$4,800
$4,800
$4,800
$7,100
$61,980,100
$350,000
$9,500
$4,800
$3,800
$19,000
$9,500
$9,500
$52,000
$7,100
$33,200
$7,100
$7,100
$28,400
$9,500
$28,400
$19,000
$23,700
$37,900
$14,200
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Total County
$99,506,700
Potential Wildfire losses
The primary damage losses that are expected in Kennebec County during any
wildfire event would be destruction of single-family residential structures. In
calculating the damage costs, the Planning Team assumed all homes located in the
wildland-urban interface would be destroyed in a worst case wildfire scenario. The
Team used the actual total municipal assessment figures for the residential
structures in their communities. The following percentages were used to
determine an estimated number of homes that could be potential losses. For each
community, the “Community Size” value was added to the “Land Cover” and
“Number of Fires” values.
Community Size
Very Rural = +25%
Semi-Rural = +10%
Sub-Urban = +5%
Land Cover Value
Moderate = +25%
Low = +10%
Number of fires in 7 years
Over 30 = +35%
20-29 = +25%
10-19 = +15%
1-9 = +5%
Municipality
Critical Facility
Function Lost
Albion
Augusta
Belgrade
Benton
Chelsea
China
Clinton
Farmingdale
Fayette
Gardiner
Hallowell
Litchfield
Manchester
Monmouth
Mount Vernon
Oakland
Pittston
Randolph
Readfield
Rome
Sidney
Unity Township
Homes (35%)
Homes (20%)
Homes (25%)
Homes (25%)
Homes (25%)
Homes (40%)
Homes (30%)
Homes (25%)
Homes (25%)
Homes (20%)
Homes (25%)
Homes (30%)
Homes (35%)
Homes (20%)
Homes (25%)
Homes (30%)
Homes (25%)
Homes (25%)
Homes (25%)
Homes (40%)
Homes (20%)
Homes (55%)
Shelter
Shelter
Shelter
Shelter
Shelter
Shelter
Shelter
Shelter
Shelter
Shelter
Shelter
Shelter
Shelter
Shelter
Shelter
Shelter
Shelter
Shelter
Shelter
Shelter
Shelter
Shelter
Risk Assessment
4 - 71
Level of
Damage
282
1896
502
267
253
812
423
318
173
540
311
479
413
360
239
854
268
221
287
376
304
11
Damage
Cost
$22,390,800
$152,628,000
$49,898,800
$22,294,500
$21,505,000
$80,712,800
$32,613,300
$27,888,600
$16,486,900
$41,526,000
$28,612,000
$46,463,000
$51,335,900
$32,688,000
$21,629,500
$73,017,000
$23,235,600
$17,503,200
$30,106,300
$41,096,800
$29,761,600
$357,500
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Vassalboro
Vienna
Waterville
Wayne
West Gardiner
Windsor
Winslow
Winthrop
Total County
Homes (30%)
Homes (40%)
Homes (30%)
Homes (25%)
Homes (25%)
Homes (25%)
Homes (40%)
Homes (20%)
Potential EHS HazMat Incident Impacts
Shelter
Shelter
Shelter
Shelter
Shelter
Shelter
Shelter
Shelter
551
147
2046
188
327
238
1436
611
15,133
$48,763,500
$10,069,500
$160,611,000
$24,609,200
$29,168,400
$22,062,600
$121,916,400
$59,450,300
$1,340,402,000
:
It is very doubtful that an incident involving the types of Extremely Hazardous
Substances (EHS) hazardous materials (HazMat) present in Kennebec County will
cause structural damage to any critical facilities.
The EHS materials present in Kennebec County are Sulfuric Acid, Chlorine,
Anhydrous Ammonia, Formaldehyde, Nitric Acid and Hydrogen Peroxide. These
chemicals are primarily corrosive gases and liquids that will not travel far from their
containers unless in gaseous form. They will not damage facilities. The primary
hazard is an inhalation hazard for people caught in the cloud plume.
The most critical facilities listed below will be the emergency services facilities of fire,
police, and ambulance and the special needs population facilities such as the
schools. The emergency responders could themselves be caught up in the
hazardous plume before they could respond and therefore stabilize the incident.
Evacuation of the schools, because of the large numbers of children will be difficult.
Municipality
Augusta
Augusta
Augusta
Augusta
Augusta
Augusta
Augusta
Augusta
Belgrade
Clinton
Farmingdale
Gardiner
Gardiner
Hallowell
Litchfield
Manchester
Oakland
Readfield
Readfield
HazMat Facility
Central Maine Power
NRF Distributors
NRF Distributors
Pine State Trading
Sam’s Club
US Cellular
Verizon
Togus Hospital
Verizon
Verizon
AT & T
Associated Grocers
Verizon
Kennebec Ice Arena
Maine Turnpike Authority
US Cellular
Verizon
Saunders Manufacturing
Verizon
Risk Assessment
4 - 72
Hazardous Materials
Sulfuric Acid
Sulfuric Acid
Sulfuric Acid
Sulfuric Acid
Sulfuric Acid
Sulfuric Acid
Sulfuric Acid
Sulfuric Acid
Sulfuric Acid
Sulfuric Acid
Sulfuric Acid
Sulfuric Acid
Sulfuric Acid
Anhydrous Ammonia
Sulfuric Acid
Sulfuric Acid
Sulfuric Acid
Nitric Acid
Sulfuric Acid
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Unity Plt
Waterville
Windsor
Winslow
Winthrop
Winthrop
Winthrop
Hawk Ridge Compost Facility
Verizon
Central Maine Power
Lohmann Animal Health
Augusta Water District
Progressive Distributors
UTC Landfill
Sulfuric Acid
Sulfuric Acid
Sulfuric Acid
Formaldehyde
Chlorine
Sulfuric Acid
Sulfuric Acid & Hydrogen Peroxide
However, the following critical facilities are located in the transportation corridors and fixed
facility cordons of EHS materials in the County. These facilities may need to be evacuated and
the services they provide may be curtailed until the incident is stabilized.
Municipality
HazMat
Facility
Augusta
Verizon
Clinton
Gardiner
Oakland
Readfield
Waterville
Verizon
Verizon
Verizon
Verizon
Verizon
Augusta
Water
District
Winthrop
Municipality
Albion
US/State
Routes
137
Augusta
11/27
Augusta
I-95
Augusta
202/3/9
Belgrade
China
China
Farmingdale
Manchester
11/27
137
202/3/9
I-95
202/3/9
Oakland
11
Winthrop
202/3/9
Effected Critical Facilities
Red Cross, Sheriff’s Office, County EMA Office, Fire Station, Post
Office and Library
Library
Municipal Office, Post Office, Library
Post Office, Library
Municipal Office, Fire Station, Library, Post Office
Fire Station Municipal Office, Library
Waste Water Treatment Facility
Effected Critical Facilities
Fire Station, Post Office, Municipal Office, School, Library, Health
Center
Civic Center, Water Pump Station, Post Office, Fire Station, Sheriff’s
Office, County EMA Office, Electric Substation
Civic Center
3 Fire Stations, Armory, 3 Schools, 2 Post Offices, Electric Substation,
Sheriff’s Office, County EMA Office, Municipal Office, Hospital
2 Fire Stations, 2 Post Offices, Municipal Office, Library
Post Office
Post Office and Electric Substation
Communications Tower and Electric Substation
School, Post Office, Municipal Office, Water Treatment Plant
2 Schools, Verizon Station, Post Office, Municipal Office, Fire Station,
Police Station, Library, and Electric Substation
2 Water Treatment Facilities, Waste Water Treatment Facility, Post
Office, Transfer Station, School and Police Station
Risk Assessment
4 - 73
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Overview. This section of the Plan relies on historical damages as the basis for estimating
future losses, subject to the following:
 Historical damage estimates have been updated, using the Consumer Price Index
shown below;
 Presidential Disaster Declarations have been used where possible, updated for
inflation using the Consumer Price Index below;
 Where statewide or county damages are used to determine damages for a specific
jurisdiction, the damages are pro-rated using the 2000 Census.
The average annual Consumer Price Index for various years is shown below, based on a
value of 100 for the years 1982-1984.
Consumer Price Index
1982-1984 = 100
1947 = 22.3
1980 = 82.4
1981 = 90.9
1982 = 96.5
1983 = 99.6
1984 = 103.9
1985 = 107.6
1986 = 109.6
1987 = 113.6
1988 = 118.3
1989 = 124.0
1990 = 130.7
1991 = 136.2
1992 = 140.3
1993 = 144.5
1994 = 148.2
1995 = 152.4
1996 = 156.9
1997 = 160.5
1998 = 163.0
1999 = 166.6
2000 = 172.2
2001 = 177.1
2002 = 179.9
2003 = 184.0
2004 = 188.9
2005 = 195.3
2006 = 201.6
2007 = 207.3
2008 = 215.3
2009 = 214.5
Flooding. This plan uses worst-case, real-life damages to calculate potential flood losses,
and assumes that historic patterns will hold for the future. The worst case flood is the April
Fool’s Day flood of 1987, which resulted in a Presidential Disaster Declaration of
$100,000,000 in damages to 10 counties. Using the Consumer Price Index (CPI), the
damages in 2009 dollars would be $188,820,000 (multiply $100 million by 214.5 – the CPI for
2009, and divide by 113.6 – the CPI for 1987).
Risk Assessment
4 - 74
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
The methodology for calculating potential losses in Kennebec County is to assume the
greater of:
1)
2)
3)
Actual damages from the 1987 flood updated using the Consumer Price Index
(column B in the table below),
Actual damages from flooding other than the 1987 flood, updated using the
Consumer Price Index, when they are greater than the updated damages from
the 1987 flood (column C in the table below),
Flood losses based on $162 per capita (column D in the table below). The $162
is calculated by taking the population of the counties that suffered damages in
1987 (1,167,044) and dividing it into total 1987 flood damages in 2009 dollars
($188,820,000) to get a per capita cost of $162. Each town’s population is
multiplied by $162 to get potential damages. In most cases, column D results in
the highest loss estimate.
The maximum flood loss (column E) is the greater of columns B, C or D.
Albion
Augusta
Belgrade
Benton
Chelsea
China
Clinton
Farmingdale
Fayette
Gardiner
Hallowell
Litchfield
Manchester
Monmouth
Mt Vernon
Oakland
Pittston
Randolph
Readfield
Rome
Sidney
Unity Twp
Vassalboro
Vienna
Potential Flood Losses in Kennebec County
C. Other
A. Actual
B. Updated
Flood Losses
D. Flood
1987 Flood
1987 Flood
Updated with
Losses
Losses
Losses Using
CPI when
Based on
CPI
Higher than
$162/Capita
1987
$2,632
$4,969
$13,1755
$31,525
331,811
626,525
3,006,720
9,429
17,803
482,436
18,001
33,989
414,234
7,751
14,635
480,3625
414,558
14,044
26,518
47,0464
665,172
9,321
17,600
541,080
3
11,202
21,152
44,728
454,248
9,038
17,066
369,4085
168,480
28,931
54,628
113,4451
1,004,076
31,791
60,028
399,654
2,783
5,255
48,2693
503,820
3,196
6,034
115,0975
399,330
4,692
8,859
46,5085
613,170
5
5,285
9,979
159,906
246,888
6,358
12,005
965,358
0
0
25,4453
412,776
2
8,055
15,209
18,520
309,582
4,860
9,177
246,9034
382,320
1,298
2,451
29,7615
158,760
5,115
9,658
43,1484
569,268
0
0
0
5,022
12,654
23,893
22,0724
655,614
18,673
35,258
170,0355
85,374
Risk Assessment
4 - 75
E. Maximum
Potential
Flood Loss
$31,525
3,006,720
482,436
414,234
480,362
665,172
541,080
454,248
369,408
1,004,076
399,654
503,820
399,330
613,170
246,888
965,358
412,776
309,582
382,320
158,760
569,268
5,022
655,614
170,035
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Waterville
Wayne
W. Gardiner
Windsor
Winslow
Winthrop
Total
29,245
12,010
0
5,507
390,064
4,147
$987,893
55,220
22,677
0
10,398
736,519
7,830
$1,865,335
119,5145
73,5764
$110,5864
2,528,010
180,144
470,124
357,048
1,254,366
1,009,584
$18,688,741
2,528,010
180,144
470,124
357,048
1,254,366
$1,009,584
$19,040,134
1
1992 flood damages, updated using CPI
1993 flood damages, updated using CPI
3 1998 flood damages, updated using CPI
4 2005 flood damages, updated using CPI
5 2007 flood damages, updated using CPI
2
Winter storms. This plan uses worst-case, real-life damages to calculate potential winter
storm damages, and assumes that historic patterns will hold for the future. For Kennebec
County, the worst storm is the ice storm of 1998, which resulted in a statewide Presidential
Disaster Declaration of $47,748,466. The actual damages were closer to $100,000,000
because the Disaster Declaration did not cover damages to power lines and private
structures. Using the Consumer Price Index, the $47.7 million in damages would be
$62,770,000 in 2009 dollars (multiply $47.7 million by 214.5 – the CPI for 2009, and divide by
163.0 – the CPI for 1998). The 1998 damages in Kennebec County totaled $4.9 million,
which would be $6.5 million in 2009 dollars.
The methodology for calculating potential losses in Kennebec County is to assume the
greater of:
1)
Actual damages updated using the Consumer Price Index (column B in the table
below), or
2)
Winter storm losses based on $49 per capita (column C in the table below). The
$49 is calculated by taking the population of the counties (1,274,923) and
dividing it into total 1998 ice storm damages in 2009 dollars ($62,770,000) to get
a per capita cost of $49. Each town’s population is multiplied by $49 to get
potential damages.
The maximum winter storm loss (column D) is the greater of column B or C.
Risk Assessment
4 - 76
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Potential Winter Storm Losses in Kennebec County
A. Actual 1998
Ice Storm
Damages
Albion
Augusta
Belgrade
Benton
Chelsea
China
Clinton
Farmingdale
Fayette
Gardiner
Hallowell
Litchfield
Manchester
Monmouth
Mount Vernon
Oakland
Pittston
Randolph
Readfield
Rome
Sidney
Unity Township
Vassalboro
Vienna
Waterville
Wayne
West Gardiner
Windsor
$147,879
1,047,776
93,862
48,266
83,867
287,829
57,647
180,833
129,584
260,312
104,077
122,421
181,796
193,296
188,663
126,968
66,543
35,620
183,139
37,532
116,820
0
121,873
27,401
420,068
80,446
91,306
89,544
B. Updated Ice
Storm Losses
Using CPI
$194,601
1,378,822
123,518
63,516
110,365
378,769
75,861
273,967
170,526
342,558
136,960
161,100
239,235
254,368
248,271
167,084
87,567
46,874
241,002
49,390
153,729
0
160,379
36,058
552,789
105,863
120,154
117,836
Risk Assessment
4 - 77
C. Winter Storm
Losses Based
on
$49 Per Capita
$95,354
909,440
145,922
125,293
125,391
201,194
163,660
137,396
50,960
303,702
120,883
152,390
120,785
185,465
74,676
291,991
124,852
93,639
115,640
48,020
172,186
1,519
198,303
25,823
764,645
54,488
142,198
107,996
D. Maximum
Potential Winter
Storm Loss
$194,601
1,378,822
145,922
125,293
125,391
378,769
163,660
273,967
170,526
342,558
136,960
161,100
239,235
254,368
248,271
291,991
124,852
93,639
241,002
49,390
172,186
1,519
198,303
36,058
764,645
105,863
142,198
117,836
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Winslow
Winthrop
Total
205,984
212,879
$4,944,231.00
271,065
280,138
$6,542,365
379,407
305,368
$5,738,586
379,407
305,368
$7,363,700
Wildfires. This plan uses worst-case, real-life damages to calculate potential wildfire losses,
and assumes that historic patterns will hold for the future. The 1947 fire was the worst on
record, although it was actually a series of wildfires that flared over Eastern and Southern
Maine. The 1947 fire caused an estimated $30,000,000 in damages to Cumberland,
Hancock, Oxford and York Counties. The damage in 2009 dollars would be about
$289,000,000 (multiply $30 million by 214.5 – the CPI for 2009, and divide by 22.3 – the CPI
for 1947). While there is significantly more development in each of these counties today than
there was in 1947, fire-fighting capabilities have also increased substantially since that time
so there may be no need to further increase the damage estimate. The probability that a
wildfire such as the 1947 fire will hit Maine during the five-year period covered by this Plan is
low.
The methodology for calculating potential wildfire losses in Kennebec County is based on the
damages that occurred in the 1947 fire in Cumberland, Hancock, Oxford and York Counties.
The population of the counties is 558,900. Divide $289,000,000 (the 1947 fire in 2009 dollars)
by 558,900 to get a per capita cost of $517. Multiply each town’s population by $517 to get
potential wildfire damages.
Risk Assessment
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Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Potential Wildfire Damages in Kennebec County
Town/City
Albion
Augusta
Belgrade
Benton
Chelsea
China
Clinton
Farmingdale
Fayette
Gardiner
Hallowell
Litchfield
Manchester
Monmouth
Mount Vernon
Oakland
Pittston
Randolph
Readfield
Rome
Sidney
Unity Township
Vassalboro
Vienna
Waterville
Wayne
West Gardiner
Windsor
Winslow
Winthrop
TOTAL
Year-Round Population
2000
1,946
18,560
2,978
2,557
2,559
4,106
3,340
2,804
1,040
6,198
2,467
3,110
2,465
3,785
1,524
5,959
2,548
1,911
2,360
980
3,514
31
4,047
527
15,605
1,112
2,902
2,204
7,743
6,232
117,114
Risk Assessment
4 - 79
Potential Wildfire Damages
(Population x $517)
$1,006,082
9,595,520
1,539,626
1,321,969
1,323,003
2,122,802
1,726,780
1,449,668
537,680
3,204,366
1,275,439
1,607,870
1,274,405
1,956,845
787,908
3,080,803
1,317,316
987,987
1,220,120
506,660
1,816,738
16,027
2,092,299
272,459
8,067,785
574,904
1,500,334
1,139,468
4,003,131
3,221,944
$60,547,938
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
11. Assessing Vulnerability: Analyzing Development Trends
Requirement §201.6(c)(2)(ii)(C): (The plan should describe vulnerability in terms of)
providing a general description of land uses and development trends within the community so
that mitigation options can be considered in future land use descriptions.
Element
A. Does the new or updated plan describe land uses and development trends?
Kennebec County is located in central Maine and is largely rural with pockets of suburban
development. A majority of the County’s land use is designated as Rural and is primarily
forestland or farmland. The largest city, Augusta, which has a year-round population of
18,560, is also the State Capitol and as such has a very large influx of daily state government
workers. There are suburbs located in Augusta, Hallowell, Waterville, and Winslow. The land
uses within the county generally consist of: Residential, Resource Protection, Agricultural,
Industrial, Institutional and Commercial areas.
The State of Maine Legislature enacted the Growth Management Act in 1989 (Title 30 -A,
Chapter 187, subchapter 2) which requires each community to develop a municipal
comprehensive plan. The municipal comprehensive plans allow recommend that
development to occur in appropriate areas taking into account the environment, physical
constraints, location of utility services, similarity to existing development, and proximity to
flood zone areas.
The municipalities must review existing conditions and predict future needs in order to
develop their own plans, policies, and ordinances. Most A local zoning ordinance must be
based on and be consistent with the municipal comprehensive plan.
All of the municipalities in Kennebec County have enacted Floodplain management
ordinances, zone, and all have Shoreland Zone shoreland zoning ordinances, either locally
adopted or state-imposed (if the community has not enacted a local ordinance meeting state
minimum standards). Many communities also have, and other land use ordinances such as
subdivision review ordinances and site plan review ordinances. As of December, 2010, a
state building code regulates the construction of residential and non-residential development.
Further breakdown of the land use designations is shown on the following chart.
The chart on the following page lists the zoning districts that are in effect in Kennebec County
communities. In general, residential and non-residential structures are not permitted in
resource protection and stream protection districts.
Flooding will have an impact on all land use areas and zones within the 30 communities in
Kennebec County. This hazard has the primary impact of shutting down restricting
transportation, since it is primarily the roads that are the object of subject to flooding in the
County. This could impact business, industry, commerce and schools and delay many social
and emergency services.
The majority All 29 of the municipalities (28 of 29) in Kennebec County have enacted
Risk Assessment
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Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
floodplain management ordinances to prevent new commercial, industrial, and institutional
development within flood zones. The only town that is not a member of the NFIP program is
the Town of Vassalboro. There are some existing commercial developments within flood
zones in the County, such as the downtown businesses in Augusta and Hallowell. These
businesses have been in place for many years and are upgraded to meet floodplain
ordinances as the structures are renovated or replaced. Additionally, there are a number of
homes and seasonal camps that are within the flood zones. Likewise, as these properties are
mortgaged, they are may be required to be upgraded in order to meet the floodplain
ordinances.
Severe winter storms will have an impact on all land use areas and zones within the 30
communities in Kennebec County. This hazard has the primary impact of shutting down
transportation and power, which will shut down business, industry, commerce and schools
and stop all social and emergency services.
Wildfires will have an impact on the residential properties located within the wildland-urban
interface. Because much of Kennebec County is a moderate densely forested, sparsely
populated area, there are a great number of homes that are at risk to destruction by forest fires.
Currently, no municipality in Kennebec County has wildfire restrictions or requirements on
residential development.
Hazardous material incidents will have an impact on all land use areas and zones within a
2,000 foot buffer around U.S. 95 and 495 highways and state routes , State Route 27 and
the 9 EHS facilities. This hazard has the primary impact of causing mass evacuations,
mass sheltering in place or traffic stoppages. This will shut all activities in the hazard
area for a short period of time. Ten of the 19 communities can be directly effected by a
hazardous material incident.
According to the Maine State Planning Office (SPO), Kennebec County had a population of
about 121,090 people in 2009. SPO projects that the County’s population will grow to
123,655 by the year 2018 (this is an increase of 2,565 people, or 2.1% over the 2009
number). This is a very modest population increase that likely will not overwhelm the ability
of cities and towns to carefully review development proposals to ensure that they comply with
all laws and local ordinance requirements.
Summary
The communities of Kennebec County understand that flooding, severe winter storms,
flooding, and wildfires, and hazardous material incident can have a major impact on their
lives and way of life. Nearly all Kennebec County municipalities have their own
comprehensive land use plans ordinances which strive to restrict or control development
in flood zones, coastal storm surge areas and along major transportation routes.
The Land Use Types and Growth Areas zoning districts that have been designated are in
effect in Kennebec County are:
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Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Municipality Land Use Types
Albion
Augusta
Belgrade
Benton
Chelsea
China
Clinton
Farmingdale
Fayette
Gardiner
Hallowell
Litchfield
Manchester
Monmouth
Designated Growth
Areas
Resource Protection, Limited Residential, Stream Protection and
Wetlands
Institutional/Business/Professional, Local Business, Regional
Business, Civic Center, Contract or Conditional, Government
Services, Industrial, Kennebec Business 1, Kennebec Business
2, Medical, Planned Development, Planned Development 2, Low
Density Residential, Medium Density Residential 1, Medium
Density Residential 2, Riggs Brook Development Village, High
Density Residential, Resource Development, Rural Ponds, Rural
River, Rural River 2, Rural Residential, Rural Village
Shoreland, Freshwater Wetlands, Resource Protection, Limited
Commercial, Stream Protection, General Development, Slope,
Critical Area, Environment Advisory, High Sensitivity, High
Sensitivity/Slope
Benton Proper, Benton Falls, Industrial, Resource Protection,
Limited Residential, Stream Protection, and General
Development
Residential Neighborhoods, Agricultural and Forestry Land,
Commercial Clusters, Rural Land, Significant Road Corridors,
Rural Roadways and Environmental Restraint Areas, Resource
Protection, Limited Residential, Stream Protection, Limited
Commercial and General Development
Shoreland Protection, Resource Protection, Stream Protection,
Rural, Wetlands
Residential, Commercial C, Industrial-Commercial IC, Low
Density LD, Medium Density MD, Rural R, Resource Protection
RP, Potential Development PD, Limited Residential, General
Development, Stream Protection
Resource Protection, Limited Residential, Stream Protection,
Limited Commercial, and General Development
Resource Protection, Stream Protection, Rural Growth, Rural,
Shoreland Protection, Wetland Protection, Floodzone, and Open
Wetlands
Resource Protection, Shoreland, Rural, Residential Growth, High
Density Residential, Central Business, Planned Industrial/, and
Planned Commercial, Shoreland Overlay,
Professional/Residential, Educational/Community Recreation,
Cobbossee Corridor, Shoreland Overlay Limited Residential
High Density Residential RA, Medium Moderate Density
Residential RB1, Moderate Density RB2, Low Density
Residential RC, Low Density/Multi-Family Limited Residential
RD, Rural Farm RF, Downtown DT, Business A BA, Business B
BB, Business C BC, Resource Protection RP, Open Space OP,
Shoreland SD, Waterfront, Historic HD
Resource Protection, Limited Residential, Stream Protection and
Limited Commercial
Manchesster Village, Community Residential, General
Development, Rural Residential, Shoreland, Resource
Protection, Aquifer Management Overlay
Resource Protection, Stream Protection, Rural, Shoreland
Residential, Limited Recreational Residential, General
Development
Risk Assessment
4 - 82
None
Planned Development
District
General Development
Benton Proper, Industrial,
and General Development
Residential Neighborhoods,
Commercial Clusters,
General Development and
Significant Road Corridors
None
Industrial-Commercial
General Development
Rural Growth
High Density Residential,
Residential Growth, Central
Business, Planned
Development, Planned
Industrial, and Planned
Commercial
High Density Residential,
Downtown and Business
None
Village and General
Development
General Development
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Municipality Land Use Types
Mount Vernon
Oakland
Pittston
Randolph
Readfield
Designated Growth
Areas
Shoreland, Limited Residential, Limited Commercial, Village,
Rural, Stream Protection, Resource Protection
Resource Protection, Limited Residential, Limited Commercial,
General Development, Stream Protection
Resource Protection, Limited Residential, Stream Protection,
Limited Commercial and Wetland
Resource Protection, Limited Residential, Limited Commercial,
General Development, Commercial Fisheries, Downtown, Urban
Residential, Resource Conservation, Community Residential
Village, Village-Residential, Rural, Rural-Residential, ShorelandResidential, Resource Protection, Stream Protection,
Commercial and Industrial, Mobile Home Park
Shoreland Protection, Stream Protection, Resource Protection
Limited Commercial
Lakeshore, River Shore, Stream Protection, Resource Protection
and Wetlands
None Resource Protection, Limited Residential, Limited
Residential Commercial
Resource Protection, Limited Residential, Stream Protection and
Wetlands
Residential, Low Density Residential R-A, Medium Density R-B,
General Residential R-C, General Residential R-D, Rural
Residential R-R, Institutional INST,Commercial C-A, General
Commercial C-B, Heavy Commercial C-C, High Commercial CD, General Industrial IND, Industrial Park I-P, Airport Industrial AI, Downtown Industrial D-I, Resource Protection RP, Transitional
T, Contract Zoned CZD, Airport (AIR)
Village Residential, Low Density Residential, Rural
Residential/Farm, Shoreland, Resource Protection, Village
Shoreland
Resource Protection, Limited Residential, Stream Protection and
Wetlands
Resource Protection, Limited Residential, Stream Protection and
Wildlife Habitat Areas
High Density Residential, Medium High Density Residential,
Multi-Family Residential, Low High Density Residential, Rural,
Commercial and Restricted Commercial Overlay, Highway
Commercial, Industrial, Highway Industrial, Seasonal
Residential, Conservation, Restricted Commercial Overlay,
Resource Protection, Limited Residential, Stream Protection,
General Development and Limited Commercial
General Commercial, General Residential, Industrial, Limited
Commercial, Limited Residential, Resource Protection,
Shoreland, Stream Protection, Village, Watershed, Public Water
Supply, Wetland Protection, and Rural
None
General Development
None
General Development,
Downtown, Community
Residential
Commercial, Industrial
None
Rome
Sidney
Vassalboro
Vienna
Waterville
Wayne
West Gardiner
Windsor
Winslow
Winthrop
Risk Assessment
4 - 83
Anywhere
None
Commercial, Airport
Industrial, Industrial,
Industrial Park
None
None
None
High Density Residential,
Commercial, Highway
Commercial, Industrial,
Highway Industrial, and
General Development
General Residential, Village,
General Commercial and
Industrial
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
12. Multi-Jurisdictional Risk Assessment
Requirement §201.6(c)(2)(iii): For multi-jurisdictional plans, the risk assessment must
assess each jurisdiction’s risks where they vary from the risks facing the entire planning area.
Element
A. Does the new or updated plan include a risk assessment for each
participating jurisdiction as needed to reflect unique or varied risks?
Kennebec County is a mid-sized Maine county consisting of 117,114 people living in 867
square miles located in central of Maine. There are 29 municipalities within the County. All
twenty-nine municipalities contributed to the risk assessment analyses performed for the
Kennebec County Hazard Mitigation Plan.
The Planning Team identified flooding severe winter storms as the most significant risk to
the entire County, followed in severity by severe winter storms river flooding, hazardous
material incidents and wildfires.
River flooding will primarily affect the river communities of Augusta, Benton, Chelsea, Clinton,
Farmingdale, Gardiner, Hallowell, Pittston, Randolph, Sidney, Vassalboro, Waterville, and
Winslow.
All of the communities of Kennebec are susceptible to ice storms, blizzards and
“Northeasters.” This causes damages to utilities, resulting in electrical power and
communication outages and causes major road damages.
A Hazardous Material incident will effect those communities in Kennebec County that contain an
Extremely Hazardous Substance (EHS) facility, an oil pipeline or the U.S Interstate 95 and
495, and State Route 3, 8, 9, 11, 27, 137, 139, 201 and 202 traffic corridors.
Although all areas are at risk from forest fires wildfires, it is the less densely-populated
areas of the northern communities that face extensive acreage losses. This is due to the lack of
roadways (accessibility) within the forest land. Additionally, the resources for wildland fire
wildfire fighting from the inland municipal departments are very limited, due to the small
population base.
Risk Assessment
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Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Municipal Maps
The following pages contain base maps of every community in Kennebec County. Included on
the maps are critical and other public facilities as well as floodplain areas.
Risk Assessment
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Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
SECTION 5 MITIGATION STRATEGIES
Mitigation Strategy
Requirement §201.6(c)(3): The plan shall include a mitigation strategy that provides the
jurisdiction’s blueprint for reducing the potential losses identified in the risk assessment,
based on existing authorities, policies, programs and resources, and its ability to expand on
and improve these existing tools.
§201 .6(c)(3) of the Rule outlines measures that localities must take in developing their
mitigation strategies. Specifically, the Local Hazard Mitigation Plan must “include a mitigation
strategy that provides the jurisdiction’s blueprint for reducing the potential losses identified in the
risk assessment, based on existing authorities, policies, programs and resources, and its ability
to expand on and improve these existing tools.”
This entails the development of goals from which specific mitigation actions and projects will be
derived. All mitigation actions must be prioritized according to a cost-benefit analysis, with a
focus on how effective the actions are expected to be with respect to their cost. For multijurisdictional plans, each jurisdiction must show the specific actions they will undertake.
This section includes the following four subsections as follows:
Local Hazard Mitigation Goals
Identification and Analysis of Mitigation Measures
Implementation of Mitigation Measures
Multi-jurisdictional Mitigation Strategy
13. Local Hazard Mitigation Goals
Requirement §201.6(c)(3)(i): (The hazard mitigation strategy shall include a) description of
mitigation goals to reduce or avoid long-term vulnerabilities to the identified hazards.
Element
A. Does the new or updated plan include a description of mitigation goals to
reduce or avoid long-term vulnerabilities to the identified hazards?
Definitions Goals are general guidelines that explain what you want to achieve. They are
usually long-term and represent global visions, such as “eliminate flood damage.”
Objectives define strategies or implementation steps to attain the identified
goals. Unlike goals, objectives are specific, measurable, and have a defined
completion date. Objectives are more specific, such as “adopt a zoning
ordinance prohibiting new development in the floodplain.”
The Kennebec County Hazard Mitigation Planning Team met to review and analyze the
County's risk assessment studies. The following goals were determined to have the greatest
benefit in hazard reduction in the County. The descriptions, goals and objectives for each
are as follows:
Mitigation Strategies
5 - 86
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
14. Identification and Analysis of Mitigation Actions
Requirement §201.6(c)(3)(ii): (The mitigation strategy shall include a) section that identifies
and analyzes a comprehensive range of specific mitigation actions and projects being
considered to reduce the effects of each hazard, with particular emphasis on new and
existing buildings and infrastructure.
Elements A. Does the new or updated plan identify and analyze a comprehensive range
of specific mitigation actions and projects for each hazard?
B. Do the identified actions and projects address reducing the effects of hazards
on new buildings and infrastructure?
C. Do the identified actions and projects address reducing the effects of hazards
on existing buildings and infrastructure?
The following pages contain goals, objectives and strategic actions for each of the hazards
identified earlier in this report, followed by a town by town summary of prioritized projects.
The goals, objectives and mitigation actions were modified from the goals, objectives and
mitigation actions contained in the 2005 plan by the Hazard Mitigation Committee at several
hazard mitigation meetings that are summarized in the Appendix.
Kennebec County has identified several hazard mitigation measures actions that would
benefit the County and municipalities and will be that were analyzed by the Kennebec County
Hazard Mitigation Planning Team. These measures were identified in the mitigation Planning
Team meetings and during meetings with public officials representing each municipality. The
identified mitigation measures actions are broken out by the Goals and Objectives for each
hazard. and analyzed using a matrix.
The Hazard Mitigation Planning Team relied heavily on MEMA staff input as well as
Kennebec County EMA’s contacts with individual municipalities for the development of the
prioritized mitigation projects.
Mitigation Strategies
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Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
General Goals, Objectives and Mitigation Actions
Flooding
In Kennebec County, the most likely damages caused by flooding are the destruction of roadways caused by washouts and
undercutting. Though There are a few critical facilities located in the 100 year flood zone. Nearly all communities are using the
FIRM information to control development in flood zones. There could be a loss of life caused by individuals drowning during high
water (river and lake) conditions or as a result of walking on ice jams. Therefore, the goals and objectives to mitigate the damages
from flooding are:
Goal 2: Reduce damage, injury and loss of life in Kennebec County caused by flooding.
Objectives
Mitigation Actions
Responsibility
Measure 2.1.1. Develop emergency evacuation
Objective 2.1.
plans.
1. Lessen the
Measure 2.1.2. Develop and distribute education
future loss of life
information regarding flood safety.
and personal
injuries from
flooding.
A. River Flow Advisory Commission. Continue to Kennebec EMA
work with the River Flow Advisory Commission to
monitor river flows and ice conditions during floodprone times of the year.
B. Ice jams. Continue to work with USGS, CRREL,
and local officials to monitor ice jam conditions to:
Advise local officials and the public about flooding
potential and the dangers of walking on ice jams
C. Contact lists. Continue to maintain lists of
property owners and renters who could be
adversely impacted by flooding including people
with disabilities.
Mitigation Strategies
5 - 88
Status/Rationale if no Action
Deleted: addressed in EOP
plans
Deleted: Too vague;
responsibility not identified,
replaced by “A” and “B” below
New
Kennebec EMA
New
Kennebec EMA,
Local EMAs
New
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Objectives
Mitigation Actions
Responsibility
Status/Rationale if no Action
Objective 2.2.
2. Reduce real and
personal property
damages caused
by flooding
A. NFIP participation. Encourage continued
participation in the National Flood Insurance
Program, as well as actions needed to ensure
municipal compliance with flood insurance
requirements including adoption of upgraded
ordinances.
Kennebec EMA,
Local EMA
Directors, SPO,
MEMA, Town
Officials
New
B. Repetitive loss properties. Encourage
municipalities to apply for funds to address
repetitive loss properties, as long as it is cost
beneficial.
Kennebec EMA,
Local EMA
Directors, SPO,
MEMA
New
Measure 2.2.1. C. Homeowner education.
Encourage homeowners to relocate, elevate or
retrofit homes in flood zones, and to join the flood
insurance program.
Kennebec EMA,
Local EMA
Directors, SPO,
MEMA, Town
Officials
Continue to educate
homeowners through the
website with links to MEMA’s
website, and through
brochures distributed at pubic
events such as Windsor Fair
and Old Hallowell Day
Deleted; see specific town
projects and 3A and 3B, below
Measure 2.2.2. Encourage municipalities to
relocate, elevate or retrofit public facilities in flood
zones.
Measure 2.2.3. Educate business owners to
relocate, elevate or retrofit business structures.
Measure 2.2.4. Implement municipal floodplain
ordinances.
Measure 2.2.5 Complete new FIRM Maps for the
jurisdiction
Mitigation Strategies
5 - 89
Deleted; lack of funding for
staff time
Deleted: All towns have
floodplain ordinances –
replaced by “A” above
Deleted: not a County or
municipal responsibility.
Replaced by “D” below
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Objectives
Objective 2.3
3. Assure prompt
restoration of
critical
transportation links
Ensure critical
transportation links
by making roads
safe from flooding
Mitigation Actions
Responsibility
Status/Rationale if no Action
D. Improved maps. Encourage FEMA to improve
the accuracy of flood insurance rate maps as new
data such as LIDAR becomes available.
Measure 2.2.6. Coordinate on Dam Emergency
Action Plans further up the watersheds.
Measure 2.3.1. Develop a municipal Storm Water
Management Plan.
Measure 2.3.2. Upgrade ditches, culverts and
roadway drainage systems
Kennebec EMA,
Local EMAs, town
officials, MEMA
New
Deleted – under State dam
safety program
Deleted; not a mitigation
activity
Deleted: Language is project
related. Replaced by specific
projects and “A” and “B” below
Deleted: Language is project
related. Replaced by specific
projects and “A” and “B” below
Measure 2.3.3 elevate or relocate road surfaces.
A. Problem documentation. Encourage
municipalities to document the costs of repairing
recurring flood damages to ditches, culverts,
roadway drainage systems and roads.
MEMA, Kennebec
EMA, Local EMAs
New
B. Best practices. Where recurring problems can
be documented, using tools such as the Road
Tracker, encourage towns to participate in
MaineDOT and other road building and
maintenance best practices
Town Officials with
help from Kennebec
EMA, MEMA
New
C. Grant applications. Where recurring problems
can be documented, apply for grant to:
 Upgrade culverts, ditches and drainage systems
 Elevate or relocate road surfaces
Town Officials with
help from Kennebec
EMA, MEMA
Deferred. Lack of problem
documentation has been an
obstacle. More towns are
beginning to use the
RoadTracker to keep track of
local expenditures.
Mitigation Strategies
5 - 90
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Objectives
Mitigation Actions
Responsibility
Status/Rationale if no Action
Measure 2.3.4. Complete pest management
(beavers) control at drainage structures.
Town officials
Deleted; local maintenance
function
Measure 2.3.5. Develop a regular schedule of
bridge condition inspections.
Deleted. Done regularly by
MaineDOT
Severe Winter Storms
In Kennebec County, the most likely damages caused by a severe winter storm event are the loss of electrical power from
downed power transmission lines, and the blockage of roadways from tree debris or winter snow or ice. There has also
been loss of life caused by delayed responses from emergency services, the improper use of backup heat sources,
freezing conditions, debris falling on an individual, or from storm-related vehicle accidents. Other types of general damage
to personal and real property may be caused by blizzard winds. Therefore, the goals and objectives to mitigate the damages
from severe winter storms are:
Goal 1: Reduce damage, injury and loss of life in Kennebec County after a severe winter storm event caused by severe winter
storms.
Objectives
Mitigation Actions
Responsibility
Status/Rationale if no Action
Measure 1.1.1. Educate the public on dangers of
Deleted. Too vague; no
Objective 1.1.
severe winter storms:
responsibility assigned.
1. Lessen the
Replaced by “A” below
future loss of life
and injuries
A. Education. Develop an online brochure with
Broadcast media,
New
resulting from
links to MEMA’s website to educate the public about County EMA
severe winter
severe storms.
Director
storms
Measure 1.1.2. B. Emergency shelters. Identify
County EMA
Deferred; lack of staffing
and establish more emergency shelters.
Director, Local
EMAs
Mitigation Strategies
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Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Objectives
Mitigation Actions
Responsibility
Measure 1.1.3. Assist residents with transportation
to emergency shelters.
Deleted; this is emergency
response, not hazard
mitigation
Deleted; no responsibility
assigned; County has no
special needs staff; replaced
by “C” below
Measure 1.1.4. Develop procedures to locate and
identify special health need populations
Objective 1.2.
2. Reduce real and
personal property
damages caused
by severe winter
storms
Status/Rationale if no Action
C. Special needs population. Develop procedures
with other local and state agencies to clarify the
needs of the special needs population
Broadcast media,
New
County EMA
Director, local EMAs
Measure 1.2.1. A. Education. Educate
homeowners about winter storm preparations about
ways to reduce real and personal property damage
caused by severe winter storms including:
 Cutting large trees near power lines on their
property
 Freeze-proofing water pipes in the home
 Having alternate electrical and heating sources
Emphasize the importance of being self-sufficient
for up to 72 hours following a storm by having
necessary emergency supplies on hand.
Broadcast media,
County EMA
Director
Measure 1.2.2. Enact or modify municipal building
code to include requirement for snow loads.
Measure 1.2.3. Educate homeowners on need to
clear trees near power lines on their property
Measure 1.2.4. Encourage homeowners to have
alternate electrical and heating sources
Mitigation Strategies
5 - 92
Online brochure with links to
MEMA’s website to be
developed in 2011-2012
Deleted as Maine now has a
statewide building code that
includes snow loads
Deleted. Addressed in 2.A.,
above
Deleted. Addressed in 2.A.,
above
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Objectives
Mitigation Actions
Objective 1.3
3. Assure all
emergency
facilities have
capability to remain
operational
Measure 1.3.1. A. Critical facility generators.
Municipalities
Provide generators at all critical facilities and utilities
such as Fire/Police Stations, EMS garages, public
works, water and sewer treatment plants, schools
and shelters.
Minimal implementation. No
funding source; municipalities
are severely cost-constrained
Measure 1.3.2. B. Radio communication. Improve Local emergency
radio communication capabilities for emergency
responders
response agencies.
Minimal implementation.
Municipalities are using grant
funds from FEMA/MEMA to
meet the FCC’s narrow band
deadline of January 2013, but
many municipalities are
severely cost constrained.
Measure 1.4.1. A. Snow removal capability.
Improve snow removal training and equipment
capabilities.
MaineDOT and
municipalities
Minimal implementation. No
additional funding source;
municipalities are severely
cost-constrained
Measure 1.4.2. Update or develop the resources
section in the municipal Emergency Operations
Plan with heavy equipment that could be used for
snow removal.
Local EMAs
Addressed in county and local
EOPs
Objective 1.4
4. Assure prompt
restoration of
critical
transportation links
Responsibility
Status/Rationale if no Action
Note: there are no actions related to new structures because winter-related hazards such as roof collapses are adequately
covered by the State’s new building code which became effective on December 15, 2010 (the building code addresses snow
loads). While small towns are not required to enforce the code, the code still applies in these communities and builders are
required to retain third party inspectors to certify compliance with the new code.
Mitigation Strategies
5 - 93
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Wildfires
In Kennebec County, the most likely damages caused by a wildland fire event are the loss of life, loss of prime
timberland, and the destruction of personal and real property, especially homes. The loss of electrical power is possible,
since the majority of high voltage transmission lines pass through heavily wooded areas. The very presence of a wildfire
hurricane will keep tourists away from the area, resulting in major losses of income for local businesses. Therefore, the
goals and objectives to mitigate the damages from wildland fires are:
Goal 3: Reduce damage, injury and loss of life in Kennebec County caused by wildfires.
Objectives
Mitigation Actions
Responsibility
Objective 3.1.
1. Lessen the
future loss of life
and injuries
resulting from
wildfires
Status/Rationale if no Action
Measure 3.1.1. A. Warning and evacuation.
Develop Update warning and evacuation plans and
systems for fast moving forest fires. protocols
Municipal fire
departments
Deferred; lack of funding
Measure 3.1.2Train all firefighters in Wildland Fire
Fighting Safety.
Municipal fire
departments
Deleted; State conservation
and municipal responsibility
Measure 3.1.3. Equip all fire departments with
sufficient wildfire personal protection equipment.
Deleted; partly funded through
state conservation grants
Measure 3.1.4. B. Public education. Use
broadcast media to educate the public of dangers of
forest fires, particularly during dry conditions or a
drought; include references to the MFS website
Maine Forest
Service, and
municipal fire
departments
Seasonal as needed
Measure 3.1.5. E. Resource lists. Develop and
distribute Wildland firefighting resource lists.
Maine Forest
Service, Kennebec
EMA
Deleted. In EOP plans
Mitigation Strategies
5 - 94
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Objectives
Mitigation Actions
Responsibility
Status/Rationale if no Action
Objective 3.2.
2. Reduce real and
personal property
destruction from
wildfires
Measure 3.2.1. A. Homeowner education.
Educate homeowners via the Maine Forest Service
website on tactics to protect their homes from
wildfires, to include performing landscaping and
lawn cutting around homes.
Maine Forest
service Kennbec
EMA
Seasonal as needed
Measure 3.2. Construct fire ponds and/or install dry
hydrants
Deleted; determined on a
case-by-case basis at the local
level
Measure 3.2.3. Provide additional restrictions on the
Fire Permit system.
Deleted; not clear that there is
a problem to be addressed
Objective 3.3.
3. Reduce the loss Measure 3.3.1. Encourage better Forestry Best
of timber resources Management Practices
caused by forest
fires.
Measure 3.3.2. Seek additional oversight by the
Maine Forest Service of forest harvesting.
Mitigation Strategies
5 - 95
Deleted; this is not a hazard
mitigation activity
Deleted; this is not a hazard
mitigation activity
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Hazardous Materials Incident
In Kennebec County, the most likely result of a major hazardous materials incident will be a environmental damage and personal
injuries. Damages to personal and real property may be caused by the hazardous materials during the incident. Contamination of local
sources of water and soil could cause severe hardships for the communities and residents. Therefore, the goals and objectives to
mitigate the damages from a hazardous materials incident are:
Goal 4: Reduce damage, injury and loss of life in Kennebec County from a Hazardous Materials Incident.
Objectives
Mitigation Actions
Objective 4.1.
Lessen the future
loss of life and
injuries and reduce
real and personal
property damages
resulting from a
major hazmat
incident.
Measure 4.1.1. Train all firefighters & EMS to Hazmat:
First Responder – Operations Level.
Deleted; this is emergency
response, not hazard mitigation
Measure 4.1.2. Develop Hazmat Response Mutual Aid
Agreements.
Deleted; this is emergency
response, not hazard mitigation
Measure 4.1.3. Develop and practices School Shelter-inplace plans.
Measure 4.1.4. Develop emergency evacuation plans.
Deleted; this is emergency
response, not hazard mitigation
Deleted; this is emergency
response, not hazard mitigation
Measure 4.2.1. Take actions to safeguard storm
drainage systems during a HazMat spill.
Deleted; this is emergency
response, not hazard mitigation
Measure 4.2.2. Improve road shoulder conditions to
reduce overturned cargo trucks.
Deleted; this is emergency
response, not hazard mitigation
Objective 4.2.
Protect the
environment from
hazardous materials
contamination
Responsibility
Mitigation Strategies
5 - 96
Status/Rationale if no Action
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Requirement: §201
.6(c)(3) (iii):
[The mitigation strategy section shall include] an action plan describing
how the actions identified in section (c)(3)(ii) will be prioritized,
implemented, and administered by the local jurisdiction. Prioritization
shall include a special emphasis on the extent to which benefits are
maximized according to a cost benefit review of the proposed projects
and their associated costs.
The decision matrix format located on the next page was used by the Kennebec County
Hazard Mitigation Planning Team as a quantified approach using pre-selected criteria.
The population numbers, dollar values, and other quantified factors under each rank
value were be selected to be appropriate to the size of Kennebec County, the number
of jurisdictions, and the policies of the Planning Team. This matrix was used by
comparing the proposed mitigation measure with each of the descriptions for each
criteria category, and the "best fit" selected. Then, the sum of the numbers selected
under each criterion is totaled to derive the priority rank for the initiative. The higher
the resulting number, the higher the priority of the initiative. This matrix was adapted
from the Florida Department of Community Affairs’ Local Mitigation Strategy
Guidebook.
Note: New material begins on page 5-23
Criteria
Category
4
3
2
1
0
Population Benefited
Over 10,000
2,500 to 10,000
1,000 to 2,500
500 to 1,000
Under 500
Percentage of
Jurisdiction Benefited
76 to 100%
51 to 75%
26 to 50%
6 to 25%
Less than 5%
Health and Safety
Considerations
Benefit several
jurisdictions (over
10,000 people)
and/or major
portions of County
population
Benefit between
2,500 and 10,000
people
Benefit between
1,000 and 2,500
people
Benefit less than
1,000 people
No anticipated
benefit
Estimated Cost of
Implementing the
Initiative
No quantifiable cost
Less than $50,000
Between $50,000
and $100,000
Between $100,000
and $1,000,000
Over $1,000,000
Cost Impact of the
Initiative
No quantifiable cost
impact
Less than $50,000
$50,000 to
$100,000
$100,000 to
$1,000,000
Over $1,000,000
Mitigation Strategies
5 - 97
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Benefit to Cost Ratio
More than +5.0
+4.0 to +4.9
+3.0 to +3.9
+2.0 to +2.9
+1.0 to +1.9
Probability of
Community
Acceptance
Likely to be
endorsed by the
entire community
Benefits only those
directly affected
and not adversely
affecting others
Somewhat
controversial with
special interest
groups or small %
of community
Strongly opposed
by special interest
groups or
significant % of
community
Strongly opposed
by most of general
population
Probability of Funding
Potential funding
sources not readily
apparent
Only funding
source is postmitigation funds
Funding could be
through matching
local funds with
others
Funding can
probably be
obtained through
local long term
budgeting
Funding can
probably be
obtained through
local short term
budgeting
Feasibility of
Implementation
Relatively easy to
put in place within a
year
Not anticipated to
be difficult
Somewhat difficult
due to complex
requirements
Difficult due to
significantly
complex
requirements
Very difficult due to
extremely difficult
requirements
Consistency with other
Plans and Programs
Initiative included in
several other plans
and programs
Initiative included
in two other plans
and programs
Initiative included
in one other plan or
program
Initiative not
included in other
plan or program
Initiative not
consistent with
other plans or
programs
Mitigation Strategies
5 - 98
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Table of Mitigation Measure Priorities
WINTER STORMS
Measure
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1.1.1.
1.1.2.
1.1.3.
1.1.4.
1.2.1.
1.2.2.
1.2.3.
1.2.4.
1.3.1.
1.3.2.
1.4.1.
1.4.2.
4
4
0
3
4
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
0
4
4
1
2
4
4
4
4
4
1
4
1
3
4
1
1
2
4
4
4
1
3
1
3
3
3
2
3
3
0
0
0
3
1
1
1
1
0
0
2
1
0
0
2
2
4
0
4
4
4
4
1
4
0
0
0
1
4
4
3
4
4
0
4
4
3
3
4
4
4
1
3
4
0
1
4
4
1
1
1
4
4
2
3
4
4
1
4
4
2
2
3
4
1
3
3
2
3
2
2
2
3
4
2
4
Measure
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
2.1.1.
2.1.2.
2.2.1.
2.2.2.
2.2.3.
2.2.4.
2.2.5.
2.2.6.
2.3.1.
2.3.2.
2.3.3.
2.3.4.
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
3
4
3
3
3
4
2
4
4
4
4
2
4
4
3
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
0
2
4
0
0
3
4
0
3
2
0
0
2
4
4
0
0
0
4
0
4
0
0
0
1
0
4
0
0
4
0
0
3
4
0
0
1
4
4
0
0
1
4
3
3
4
2
0
3
2
0
3
3
0
2
1
3
0
0
1
3
2
4
0
0
3
4
1
4
2
2
0
2
0
4
0
0
0
0
2
3
4
4
0
2
Total
Pts
30
24
21
32
30
13
27
32
21
22
24
31
Priority
3
5
7
1
3
8
4
1
7
6
5
2
Flooding
Mitigation Strategies
5 - 99
Total
Pts
25
36
13
13
22
30
17
35
28
20
13
18
Priority
6
1
11
11
7
3
10
2
4
8
11
9
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
2.3.5.
Wildfire
4
4
4
Measure
3.1.1.
3.1.2.
3.1.3.
3.1.4.
3.1.5.
3.2.1.
3.2.2.
3.2.3.
3.3.1.
3.3.2.
1
4
4
0
1234567
4
0
2
8
9
10
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
4
3
3
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
0
0
0
1
3
4
4
4
0
4
4
4
2
0
3
4
4
4
0
4
1
3
2
1
3
0
0
0
0
0
1
3
2
4
4
4
4
4
2
3
4
3
2
2
2
4
4
4
0
4
4
4
2
4
4
4
4
4
2
4
4
4
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
2
3
2
Measure
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
4.1.1.
4.1.2.
4.1.3.
4.1.4.
4.2.1.
4.2.2.
4
4
4
4
2
4
4
4
4
4
1
4
4
4
4
4
1
4
0
4
4
4
4
0
0
4
4
4
4
0
0
4
4
4
0
0
1
4
4
4
4
0
1
4
4
4
4
3
0
4
4
2
4
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
27
Total
Pts
20
24
31
32
34
32
15
33
28
29
5
Priority
8
7
4
3
1
3
9
2
6
5
Hazmat
1. Population Benefited
4. Implementation Costs
7. Probability of Acceptance
10. Consistency with other Plans
2. Percentage of Jurisdiction Benefited
5. Cost Impact of the Initiative
8. Probability of Funding
Mitigation Strategies
5 - 100
Total
Pts
16
36
36
34
24
15
Priority
3. Health and Safety Considerations
6. Benefit to Cost Ratio
9. Feasibility of Implementing
4
1
1
2
3
5
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
IMPLEMENTATION OF MITIGATION MEASURES
Requirement:
§201.6(c)(3) (iii):
[The mitigation strategy section shall include] an action plan
describing how the actions identified in section (c)(3)(ii) will be
prioritized, implemented, and administered by the local jurisdiction.
Prioritization
shall include a special emphasis on the extent to which benefits are
maximized according to a cost benefit review of the proposed
projects and their associated costs.
Kennebec County and each municipality has identified several hazard mitigation
measure projects to be included in the Hazard Mitigation Plan. These projects,
along with the responsible agency, the funding source, and their priority are listed in
the following table.
The Kennebec County Hazard Mitigation Team rated the following mitigation
measure projects (in priority order) as the top priorities for the following hazards:
SEVERE WINTER STORMS MITIGATION MEASURE PROJECTS
1. Develop procedures to locate and identify special health need populations.
2. Encourage homeowners to have alternate electrical and heating sources.
3. Update or develop the resources section in the municipal Emergency Operations
Plan with heavy equipment that could be used for snow removal.
4. Educate the public on dangers of severe winter storms.
5. Educate home owners about winter storm preparations.
6. Educate homeowners on need to clear trees near power lines on their property.
7. Identify and establish more emergency shelters.
8. Improve snow removal training and equipment capabilities.
9. Improve radio communication capabilities for emergency response agencies.
10.
Assist residents with transportation to emergency shelters.
11. Provide generators at all critical facilities and utilities such as Fire/Police
Stations, EMS garages, public works, water & sewer treatment plants, schools,
and shelters.
12. Enact or modify municipal building code to include requirement for snow loads.
Mitigation Strategies
5 - 101
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
FLOODING MITIGATION MEASURE PROJECTS
1. Develop and distribute education information regarding flood safety.
2. Coordinate on Dam Emergency Action Plans further up the watersheds.
3. Implement municipal floodplain ordinances.
4. Develop a municipal Storm Water Management Plan.
5. Develop a regular schedule of bridge condition inspections.
6. Develop emergency evacuation plans.
7. Educate business owners to relocate, elevate or retrofit business structures.
8. Upgrade ditches, culverts and roadway drainage systems.
9. Complete pest management (beavers) control at drainage structures.
10. Complete new FIRM Maps for the jurisdiction.
11. Encourage home owners to relocate, elevate or retrofit homes in flood zones.
12. Relocate, elevate or retrofit public facilities in flood zones.
13. Elevate or relocate road surfaces.
WILDFIRE MITIGATION MEASURE PROJECTS
1.
Develop and distribute Wildland firefighting
resource lists.
2.
Provide additional restrictions on the Fire Permit system.
3.
Educate the public of dangers of forest fires.
4.
Educate home owners on tactics to protect their homes from wildfires.
5.
Equip all fire departments with sufficient wildfire personal protection equipment.
6.
Seek additional oversight by the Maine Forest Service of forest harvesting.
7.
Encourage better Forestry Best Management Practices.
8.
Train all firefighters in Wildland Fire Fighting Safety.
9.
Develop warning and evacuation plans and systems for fast moving forest fires.
10. Construct fire ponds and/or install dry hydrants
Mitigation Strategies
5 - 102
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
HAZARDOUS MATERIAL INCIDENT MITIGATION MEASURE PROJECTS
1. Develop HazMat Response Mutual Aid Agreements.
2. Develop and practice School Shelter-in-place plans.
3. Develop emergency evacuation plans.
4. Take actions to safeguard storm drainage systems during a HazMat spill.
5. Train all firefighters & EMS to HazMat: First Responder – Operations Level
6. Improve road shoulder conditions to reduce overturned cargo trucks.
MULTI-JU RISTIDICATIONAL MITIGATION STRATEGY
Requirement
§201 .6(c)(3) (iv):
For multi-jurisdictional plans, there must be identifiable action
items specific to the jurisdiction requesting FEMA approval or credit
of the plan.
Kennebec County’s Hazard Mitigation Plan encompasses 30 jurisdictions. Strategies
for hazard mitigation within the County were identified to reduce overall damage in
the County. Although these strategies are aimed at reducing overall damage in the
County, each jurisdiction will be responsible for pursuing the actions that are
relevant to that jurisdiction. The jurisdictions, along with the specific actions they
will pursue, are listed as follows:
The actions listed below are from the 2005 plan and have been deleted because:




Jurisdiction
Albion
Augusta
Belgrade
Benton
Some are already covered by the general goals, objectives and actions found on pages
5-3 to 5-9
Some are not mitigation actions, but responses
Some are not specific projects that can be funded with mitigation funds
Some are covered under other plans such as local and county EOPs.
Responsible
Agency
EMA
EMA
EMA
Fire Dept
EMA
EMA
EMA
Fire Dept
EMA
EMA
EMA
Fire Dept
EMA
EMA
EMA
Funds Time
Frame
$0 Sept 07
$250 Sept 07
$250 Sept 07
$0 Sept 07
$0 Sept 07
$250 Sept 07
$250 Sept 07
$0 Sept 07
$0 Sept 07
$250 Sept 07
$250 Sept 07
$0 Sept 07
$0 Sept 07
$250 Sept 07
$250 Sept 07
Action (in priority Order)
1. Locate/identify special health needs population
2. Distribute Flood Safety information
3. Educate Public on forest fire dangers
4. Develop a HazMat Response Mutual Aid Agrmt
1. Locate/identify special health needs population
2. Distribute Flood Safety information
3. Educate Public on forest fire dangers
4. Develop a HazMat Response Mutual Aid Agrmt
1. Locate/identify special health needs population
2. Distribute Flood Safety information
3. Educate Public on forest fire dangers
4. Develop a HazMat Response Mutual Aid Agrmt
1. Locate/identify special health needs population
2. Distribute Flood Safety information
3. Educate Public on forest fire dangers
Mitigation Strategies
5 - 103
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Jurisdiction
Chelsea
China
Clinton
Farmingdale
Jurisdiction
Fayette
Gardiner
Hallowell
Litchfield
Manchester
Responsible
Agency
Fire Dept
EMA
EMA
EMA
Fire Dept
EMA
EMA
EMA
Fire Dept
EMA
EMA
EMA
Fire Dept
EMA
EMA
EMA
Fire Dept
Funds Time
Frame
$0 Sept 07
$0 Sept 07
$250 Sept 07
$250 Sept 07
$0 Sept 07
$0 Sept 07
$250 Sept 07
$250 Sept 07
$0 Sept 07
$0 Sept 07
$250 Sept 07
$250 Sept 07
$0 Sept 07
$0 Sept 07
$250 Sept 07
$250 Sept 07
$0 Sept 07
Action (in priority Order)
Responsible
Agency
EMA
EMA
EMA
Fire Dept
EMA
EMA
EMA
Fire Dept
EMA
EMA
EMA
Fire Dept
EMA
EMA
EMA
Fire Dept
Funds Time
Frame
$0 Sept 07
$250 Sept 07
$250 Sept 07
$0 Sept 07
$0 Sept 07
$250 Sept 07
$250 Sept 07
$0 Sept 07
$0 Sept 07
$250 Sept 07
$250 Sept 07
$0 Sept 07
$0 Mar 06
$200 Mar 06
$0 Mar 06
$200 Mar 06
$200 Mar 06
$1,000 Mar 06
$50000 Mar 06
$10000 Mar 06
$0 Mar 06
$20000 Mat 10
Action (in priority Order)
EMA
EMA
EMA
$500
$0
$250
$250
Mar 08
Sept 07
Sept 07
Sept 07
4. Develop a HazMat Response Mutual Aid Agrmt
1. Locate/identify special health needs population
2. Distribute Flood Safety information
3. Educate Public on forest fire dangers
4. Develop a HazMat Response Mutual Aid Agrmt
1. Locate/identify special health needs population
2. Distribute Flood Safety information
3. Educate Public on forest fire dangers
4. Develop a HazMat Response Mutual Aid Agrmt
1. Locate/identify special health needs population
2. Distribute Flood Safety information
3. Educate Public on forest fire dangers
4. Develop a HazMat Response Mutual Aid Agrmt
1. Locate/identify special health needs population
2. Distribute Flood Safety information
3. Educate Public on forest fire dangers
4. Develop a HazMat Response Mutual Aid Agrmt
1. Locate/identify special health needs population
2. Distribute Flood Safety information
3. Educate Public on forest fire dangers
4. Develop a HazMat Response Mutual Aid Agrmt
1. Locate/identify special health needs population
2. Distribute Flood Safety information
3. Educate Public on forest fire dangers
4. Develop a HazMat Response Mutual Aid Agrmt
1. Locate/identify special health needs population
2. Distribute Flood Safety information
3. Educate Public on forest fire dangers
4. Develop a HazMat Response Mutual Aid Agrmt
1. Locate/identify special health needs population
2. Encourage alternate electrical/heating sources
3. Develop the EOP resources w/snow equipment
4. Educate Public on forest fire dangers
5. Educate homeowners on power line protection
6. Identify and establish an emergency shelter
7. Improve snow removal capabilities
8. Improve FD radio communication capabilities
9. Transport residents to emergency shelters
10. Provide generators at fire station, town office &
public works
11. Modify the building code to include snow load
1. Locate/identify special health needs population
2. Distribute Flood Safety information
3. Educate Public on forest fire dangers
Mitigation Strategies
5 - 104
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Monmouth
Mt Vernon
Oakland
Pittston
Jurisdiction
Randolph
Readfield
Rome
Sydney
Vassalboro
Fire Dept
EMA
EMA
EMA
Fire Dept
EMA
EMA
EMA
Fire Dept
EMA
EMA
EMA
Fire Dept
EMA
EMA
EMA
Fire Dept
$0
$0
$250
$250
$0
$0
$250
$250
$0
$0
$250
$250
$0
$0
$250
$250
$0
Sept 07
Sept 07
Sept 07
Sept 07
Sept 07
Sept 07
Sept 07
Sept 07
Sept 07
Sept 07
Sept 07
Sept 07
Sept 07
Sept 07
Sept 07
Sept 07
Sept 07
Responsible Funds Time
Agency
Frame
Town Office
$0 Jan 07
EMA
$0 Jan 07
EMA
$0 Jan 07
$0 Jan 07
Public Works
$5,000
Jan 07
Fire Dept
Town Office
$10,000 Jan 07
EMA
$0 Jan 07
EMA
$0 Jan 07
$0 Jan 07
EMA
$100k Jan 07
Fire Dept
$0 Jan 07
Fire Dept
$0 Jan 07
Fire Dept
$5,000 Jan 07
Fire Dept
EMA
$0 Sept 07
EMA
$250 Sept 07
EMA
$250 Sept 07
Fire Dept
$0 Sept 07
Road Comm $50000 Dec 08
EMA
$0 Sept 07
EMA
$250 Sept 07
EMA
$250 Sept 07
Fire Dept
$0 Sept 07
EMA
$0 Sept 07
EMA
$250 Sept 07
EMA
$250 Sept 07
Fire Dept
$0 Sept 07
4. Develop a HazMat Response Mutual Aid Agrmt
1. Locate/identify special health needs population
2. Distribute Flood Safety information
3. Educate Public on forest fire dangers
4. Develop a HazMat Response Mutual Aid Agrmt
1. Locate/identify special health needs population
2. Distribute Flood Safety information
3. Educate Public on forest fire dangers
4. Develop a HazMat Response Mutual Aid Agrmt
1. Locate/identify special health needs population
2. Distribute Flood Safety information
3. Educate Public on forest fire dangers
4. Develop a HazMat Response Mutual Aid Agrmt
1. Locate/identify special health needs population
2. Distribute Flood Safety information
3. Educate Public on forest fire dangers
4. Develop a HazMat Response Mutual Aid Agrmt
Action (in priority Order)
1. Encourage homeowners to have backup heat
2. Educate public on severe winter storm danger
3. Educate homeowners on winter storm prep
4. Educate homeowners on tree clearance
5. Improve FD/EMS radio capabilities
6. Provide generator at public facilities
7. Develop HazMat Response mutual aid agreemt
8. Develop HazMat Evacuation plans
9. Distribute flood safety educational information
10. Elevate or retrofit Fire Station in flood zone
11. Educate homeowners on wildfire protection
12. Train firefighters in Wildland Fire Safety
13. Construct/install additional dry hydrants
1. Locate/identify special health needs population
2. Distribute Flood Safety information
3. Educate Public on forest fire dangers
4. Develop a HazMat Response Mutual Aid Agrmt
1. Upgrade road surfaces, ditches and culverts
1. Locate/identify special health needs population
2. Distribute Flood Safety information
3. Educate Public on forest fire dangers
4. Develop a HazMat Response Mutual Aid Agrmt
1. Locate/identify special health needs population
2. Distribute Flood Safety information
3. Educate Public on forest fire dangers
4. Develop a HazMat Response Mutual Aid Agrmt
Mitigation Strategies
5 - 105
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Vienna
Waterville
Wayne
West
Gardiner
Jurisdiction
Windsor
Winslow
Winthrop
Kennebec
County
EMA
EMA
EMA
Fire Dept
EMA
EMA
EMA
Fire Dept
Town Office
Town Office
Town Office
Town Office
Town Office
Town Office
Town Office
Town Office
EMA
EMA
EMA
Fire Dept
$0
$250
$250
$0
$0
$250
$250
$0
$0
$0
$0
$0
$45,000
$1 00K
$0
$0
$0
$250
$250
$0
Sept 07
Sept 07
Sept 07
Sept 07
Sept 07
Sept 07
Sept 07
Sept 07
Dec 06
Dec 06
Dec 06
Dec 06
Dec 10
Dec 10
Dec 06
Dec 06
Sept 07
Sept 07
Sept 07
Sept 07
Responsible Funds Time
Agency
Frame
Fire Dept
$300 Dec 09
EMA
$5,000 Dec 09
Town Office
$50,000 Dec 09
EMA
$0 Sept 07
EMA
$250 Sept 07
EMA
$250 Sept 07
Fire Dept
$0 Sept 07
EMA
$0 Sept 07
EMA
$250 Sept 07
EMA
$250 Sept 07
Fire Dept
$0 Sept 07
EMA
$0 Sept 07
EMA
$250 Sept 07
EMA
$250 Sept 07
Fire Dept
$0 Sept 07
Community Development Block Grants
Municipal Capital Improvement Projects
FEMA Hazard Mitigation Program Grants
Homeland Security Grants
Municipal Property Taxes
1. Locate/identify special health needs population
2. Distribute Flood Safety information
3. Educate Public on forest fire dangers
4. Develop a HazMat Response Mutual Aid Agrmt
1. Locate/identify special health needs population
2. Distribute Flood Safety information
3. Educate Public on forest fire dangers
4. Develop a HazMat Response Mutual Aid Agrmt
1. Educate public on severe winter storm danger
2. Educate homeowners on winter storm prep
3. Educate homeowners on tree clearance
4. Transport residents to emergency shelters
5. Upgrade House Road culverts & ditches
6. Upgrade Lord Road surface, culverts & ditches
7. Educate public on forest fire dangers
8. Educate homeowners on wildfire protection
1. Locate/identify special health needs population
2. Distribute Flood Safety information
3. Educate Public on forest fire dangers
4. Develop a HazMat Response Mutual Aid Agrmt
Action (in priority Order)
1. Educate residents on wildland fire safety
2. Identify and establish emergency shelters
3. Develop new FIRM Flood Maps
1. Locate/identify special health needs population
2. Distribute Flood Safety information
3. Educate Public on forest fire dangers
4. Develop a HazMat Response Mutual Aid Agrmt
1. Locate/identify special health needs population
2. Distribute Flood Safety information
3. Educate Public on forest fire dangers
4. Develop a HazMat Response Mutual Aid Agrmt
1. Locate/identify special health needs population
2. Distribute Flood Safety information
3. Educate Public on forest fire dangers
4. Develop a HazMat Response Mutual Aid Agrmt
DOT Transportation Capital Improvements
FEMA Pre-Disaster Mitigation Grants
FEMA FIRE Grants
Land Use Impact Fees
Private Donations & Grant Programs
Mitigation Strategies
5 - 106
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Rating of Actions and Establishment of Priorities
The Kennebec County Hazard Mitigation Planning Team established priorities by hazard for
the general mitigation actions set forth on the previous pages. The Team used the following
criteria to rank each of the actions:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Life safety
Population benefited
Probability of community acceptance
Probability of funding
Feasibility of implementation
Each strategy was rated high (3 points), medium (2 points) or low (1 point) for each of the
criteria, with the result that priorities were established by total score (the higher the points, the
higher the priority).
Life
Safety
1A River Flow
Advisory
Commission
1B Ice jams
1C Contact lists
2A NFIP
participation
2B Repetitive loss
properties
2C Homeowner
education
2D Public facilities
2E Business
assistance
2D Improved
maps
2G EAP plans
3A Problem
documentation
3B Best Practices
3C Grant
applications
3D Beaver dam
blockages
Rating of Flood Mitigation Actions
Probability
Population
Probability Feasibility of
Community
Benefited
Funding Implementation
Acceptance
Total
Score
3
3
3
3
3
15
3
3
3
3
3
15
3
1
3
3
3
13
2
2
3
3
3
13
3
1
3
1
1
9
3
1
2
1
1
8
2
1
1
1
1
6
2
1
2
1
1
7
3
2
3
1
1
10
3
1
3
3
3
13
2
3
3
2
2
12
3
3
2
1
2
12
3
3
3
2
3
14
1
3
2
1
1
8
Mitigation Strategies
5 - 107
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Rating of Severe Winter Storm Mitigation Actions
Probability
Life
Population
Probability Feasibility of
Community
Safety
Benefited
Funding Implementation
Acceptance
1A Education
1B Emergency
shleters
1C Special needs
population
2A Education
3A Critical Facility
Generators
3B Radio
communication
4A Snow removal
capability
4B Heavy
equipment
3
3
3
3
3
15
3
1
2
1
2
9
3
1
3
3
3
13
3
3
1
1
2
10
2
2
1
1
1
7
3
3
2
1
1
10
3
3
1
1
1
9
3
3
3
2
2
13
Life
Safety
1A Warning and
Evacuation
1B Safety Training
1C Equipment
1B Public
Education
1E Resource lists
2A Homeowner
Education
2B Fire Ponds for
Subdivision
3A Logging Road
Access
Total
Score
Rating of Wildfire Mitigation Actions
Probability
Population
Probability Feasibility of
Community
Benefited
Funding Implementation
Acceptance
Total
Score
3
2
2
1
1
9
3
2
3
3
3
14
3
3
3
1
1
11
2
1
1
3
3
10
2
2
3
1
1
9
3
1
1
3
3
11
1
1
2
3
3
10
1
1
1
1
1
5
Mitigation Strategies
5 - 108
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
PRIORITIZED MITIGATION PROJECTS
Projects listed in priority order. Most of the municipalities in Kennebec County identified
one or more action items consistent with the County-wide goals, objectives and actions, to
mitigate hazards at the local level. The jurisdictions, as well as the specific actions they will
pursue, are listed in priority order in the following table. The time frames shown are based
upon the availability of materials and funding.
Criteria for prioritization. The list of local projects was developed separately by each
municipality. Local officials did not use formal, written criteria for the identification of local
projects. Local officials relied on common sense, local knowledge of the frequency and extent
of local damages, local knowledge of which projects were of the highest priority, based on
frequency and severity of damages, local knowledge of the weather, the geography and
topography of the community, and the technical and financial abilities of their respective
communities to address hazards and mitigate the impacts of hazards.
How the actions will be implemented. Table 2 identifies a timeframe for each project, and
identifies one or more parties who will be responsible for implementation. If the towns apply
for grant funds, a benefit/cost analysis will be undertaken.
Status of completed, deleted or deferred projects. Table 2 contains a status column that
identifies the completed, deleted or deferred mitigation projects. For deferred projects, the
“status” column lists the reason or reasons that no changes occurred.
Mitigation Strategies
5 - 109
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Town (Kennebec
County)
Albion
Augusta
Potential Projects
Cost estimate 2010 Time line
Responsible
Agency
Status as of
2010
1) Robbins Rd; Ditch 2,500' and remove ledge as
needed aprox. 300 cu. yd.
$17,500
3 weeks
Road
Commissioner
New project
2) Harding Rd; Remove ledge and install (5) 15'' x 20'
HDPE driveway culverts.
$12,000
2 weeks
Road
Commissioner
New project
3) Quaker Hill Rd; Ditch 7,500' and add (4) 18'' x 40'
cross culverts.
$30,000
2 weeks
Road
Commissioner
New project
4) Barns Rd; Ditch 10,000' and remove ledge as
needed.
$45,000
3 weeks
Road
Commissioner
New project
5) Quimby Rd; Ditch 10,000' and upsize (1) 24'' x 40'
cmp with 30''x 40' HDPE culvert, (5)12'' x 40' culverts
with 15'' x 40' HDPE culverts and riprap intake and
outlets.
$48,000
4 weeks
Road
Commissioner
New project
6) Weymouth Rd; Elevate 10,000' x 20' x 2' and
stabilize shoulders.
$250,000
3 weeks
Road
Commissioner
New project
7) Yorktown Rd; Ditch 5,000' and upsize existing 24'' x
40' cmp with 36'' x 40' HDPE culvert and riprap intake
and outlet.
$18,000
2 weeks
Road
Commissioner
New project
8) Cookson Rd; Ditch 900' and remove ledge as
needed.
$6,000
1 weeks
Road
Commissioner
New project
1) Mount Vernon Avenue Ball field; Stabilize
embankment with geotextile fabric and fractures stone
and indigenous plantings. 1,000' x 5' x 2' on average.
$73,000
3 weeks
Director of Public
Works
New Project
2) Cuchnoc Drive at Whitey Brook; Upsize existing
underground drainage12'' x 400' with 18'' x 400' and
add (3) catch basins.
$60,000
3 weeks
Director of Public
Works
New Project
3) Eastside Boat Landing; Install driven sheetpile
bulkhead 300 '.
$199,000
6 weeks
Director of Public
Works
New Project
4) New England Rd; Upsize existing triple 12'' x 70'
cmps with (1) 36'' x 70' HDPE culvert and add (2) catch
basins.
$50,000
2 weeks
Director of Public
Works
New Project
5) Cony Rd; Upsize existing 36'' x 50' cmp with 36'' x
50' HDPE culvert.
$10,000
2 weeks
Director of Public
Works
New Project
Mitigation Strategies
5 - 110
Notes
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Town (Kennebec
County)
(Augusta)
Belgrade
Potential Projects
Cost estimate 2010 Time line
Status as of
2010
6) Bolton Hill Rd; Ditch and line 850' and add check
dams as needed. Upsize (3) 12' x 30' cmps with 18'' x
30' HDPE driveway culverts and add (1) 18'' x 60'
HDPE cross culvert.
$16,000
2 weeks
Director of Public
Works
New Project
7) Greenway Trail; Pave 2,000' x 8' x 3'' of multi-use
trail along the Kennebec River.
$24,000
1 week
Director of Public
Works
New Project
8) City Landfill; Modify pump station by installing dry
(2) pumps and elevate top of pond 2' x 700' and install
larger double plastic liner.
$200,000
5 weeks
Director of Solid
Waste
New Project
1) Horse Point Rd; Elevate road 2' x 12' x 2,500'
Upsize culverts (size and quantity unknown)
$50,000
6 weeks
Road
Commissioner
Completed
2) Bartlett Rd; Upsize existing 60'' x 50' cmp with 8' x 6'
x 50' bottomless box culvert and rip rap intake and
outlet.
$50,000
4 weeks
Road
Commissioner
New Project
3) Dunn Rd; Ditch 1,200' and line with fractured stone,
upsize 24'' x 40 cmp with 36'' x 40' HDPE culvert
$16,000
3 weeks
Road
Commissioner
New Project
4) Chandler Rd; Ditch 1,200'.
$4,200
1 week
Road
Commissioner
New Project
5) Horse Point Rd; Ditch and seed 11,000'.
$44,000
3 weeks
Road
Commissioner
New Project
$60,000
4 weeks
Road
Commissioner
New Project
$37,000
4 weeks
Road
Commissioner
New Project
3 ) Bog Road; Elevate 300' x 21' x 18'' on average,
armor road and shoulders.
$15,000
3 weeks
Road
Commissioner
New Project
4) Handscomb Rd; Ditch 1,200'.
$4,000
1 week
Road
Commissioner
New Project
5) Foss Hill Rd; Remove ledge from ditch line 2,000' x
3' x 2' and repave.
$40,000
4 weeks
Road
Commissioner
New Project
1) East Benton Rd; Upsize 60'' x 30' cmp with 4' x 8' x
40' bottomless box culvert and elevate 150' x 21' x 2'
and repave.
2) McCarthy Rd: Upgrade twin 24'' x 40' culverts. with
4' x 6' x 40' bottomless box culvert and riprap intake
and outlet.
Benton
Responsible
Agency
Mitigation Strategies
5 - 111
Notes
Completed, 2010, using
town funds.
Dirt road. Beaver problem
exacerbates flood problem.
Dirt road and surrounding
area is very flat (hence the
name Bog road).
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Town (Kennebec
County)
Chelsea
China
Potential Projects
Cost estimate 2010 Time line
Responsible
Agency
Status as of
2010
Notes
This project has been
engineered.
1) Windsor Road; Add 84" x 85' overflow pipe at
Togus Stream to increase flow. Repair existing intake.
Install concrete headwalls.
$85,000
4 weeks
Town Manager
New Project
2) Nelson Rd; Upsize stone box 6' x 10' x 21' with 10'
x 12' x 24' bottomless box culvert and riprap intake and
outlet and repave.
$48,000
4 weeks
Town Manager
New Project
3) Sears Mills Rd; Upsize existing 12' squash culvert
with 14' x 10' x 60', bottomless box culvert, riprap
intake and outlet and repave.
$75,000
8 weeks
Town Manager
New Project
4) Beech St: Upsize existing 36'' x 60' culvert with 48''
x 60' HDPE culvert, riprap intake and outlet and repave.
$9,500
2 weeks
Town Manager
New Project
5) Wellmen Rd; Upsize existing 12' squash culvert
with 14' x 10' x 60', bottomless box culvert, riprap intake
and outlet and repave.
$95,000
8 weeks
Town Manager
New Project
1) Parameter Rd; Ditch and line with fractured stone
2,000', and add check dams as needed. Add (2) 18'' x
40' HDPE culverts and riprap intake and outlets install 2
plunge pools and upsize (2) 12'' x 20' cmps with 15'' x
20' HDPE driveway culverts.
$31,000
4 weeks
Town Manager
New project
2) Western Ridge Rd; Stabilize down slope of roadway
600' x 10' upsize (2) 12'' x 40' cmps with 18'' x 40'
HDPE culverts add 2 plunge pools.
$22,000
3 weeks
Town Manager
New project
3) Rockwood Drive; Ditch and line with fractured
stone 2500', and add check dams as needed. Add (2)
18'' x 40' HDPE culverts and riprap intake and outlets
install 2 plunge pools and upsize (2) 12'' x 20' cmps
with 15'' x 20' HDPE driveway culverts.
$40,000
4 weeks
Town Manager
New project
4) Hanson Rd/ Cross Rd; Ditch and line with fractured
stone 2,500', add (1) 15'' x 20' HDPE culvert and riprap
intake and outlets.
$26,000
3 weeks
Town Manager
New project
5) Pleasant View Ridge Rd; Ditch and line with
fractured stone 5,000' and upsize (8) 12'' x 20' cmps
with 15'' x 20' HDPE driveway culverts.
$58,000
8 weeks
Town Manager
New project
6) Dirgo Rd; Rebuild road sub base and base 3 miles,
repave. Establish ditch 15,000'.
$600,000
12 weeks
Town Manager
New project
Mitigation Strategies
5 - 112
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Town (Kennebec
County)
(China)
Potential Projects
Cost estimate 2010 Time line
Responsible
Agency
Status as of
2010
Notes
7) Branch Mill Rd; Rebuild road sub base and base
3,000, repave. Ditch and line 1,200', upsize (3) 15'' x
40' cmps with 18'' x 40' HDPE and one (1) 15'' x 40'
cmp 18'' x 40' HDPE culvert.
$125,000
4 weeks
Town Manager
New project
8) Clark Rd; Ditch and line with fractured stone 1,000',
add (1) 15'' x 20' HDPE driveway culvert and crown
road.
$12,000
2 weeks
Town Manager
New project
9) Bog Rd; Upsize existing 15'' x 40' cmp with 24'' x 40'
HDPE culvert and riprap intake and outlet.
$2,800
1 week
Town Manager
New project
1) Johnson Flats Rd; Elevate roadway 600' x 21' x 2'
on average and stabilize shoulders with geotextile and
fractured stone.
$40,000
4 weeks
Hwy Foreman
New Project
2) True Rd; Upsize existing 72'' x 40' cmp with 12'' x 8'
x 40' bottomless box culvert with integrated headwalls.
$70,000
4 weeks
Hwy Foreman
New Project
3) Rogers Rd ; Armor ditches 500' an line with fractures
stone. Install check dams as needed, add 8'' x 20' x
4000' surface gravel, shape and crown road.
$35,000
4 weeks
Hwy Foreman
New Project
4) Pease Rd: Add 15'' x 40' HDPE culvert.
$1,500
1 weeks
Hwy Foreman
New Project
1) 305 Water St; Acquire and remove house.
$65,000
6 months
Town Manager
New Project
$1,000,000
one year
Town Manager
New Project
Critical facility
3) Access Rd; Build access road connecting Greely
Drive, Hill Street, riverside Drive and Kennebec Street
1,400' x 20'.
$45,000
8 weeks
Town Manager
New Project
Could be part or relocating
town hall and fire station
project #2.
4) Dale St; Upsize 24'' x 40' cmp with 36'' x 40' HDPE
culvert and riprap intake and outlet.
$5,000
1 weeks
Road
Commissioner
New Project
Town funded.
5); Northern Ave; Replace existing drainage system
with 1,900' x 18'' underground drainage system and
relocate 22 catch basins and repave.
$165,000
8 weeks
Road
Commissioner
New Project
Blaine Rd; Ditch and Armor 400'.
$15,000
1-2 weeks
Town Manager
Completed
Clinton
2) Water St; Farmingdale Town Hall and fire station
relocate away from Kennebec River 8,000 sq'.
Farmingdale
Mitigation Strategies
5 - 113
Site may have had PA funds
some time in the past….
Done with town money
Damaged in 1987
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Town (Kennebec
County)
Fayette
Potential Projects
Cost estimate 2010 Time line
Status as of
2010
Notes
1) Fayette Central School (Shelter);
Upgrade school/shelter to accommodate overnight
stays (showers, lighting, food storage, etc).
$56,000
N/A
Town Manager
New Project
Critical facility
2) Fayette Country Store;
Purchase generator for store so it can provide
emergency supplies to citizens of Fayette in event of
power outages.
$2,000
N/A
Town Manager
New Project
Not a FEMA fundable
project
3) Richmond Mills Rd @ Hales Brook;
-Upgrade twin36'' x 40', CMP culverts to 4' x 6' x 40'
concrete bottomless box culvert. -Ditch (200ft), rip rap
and repave.
$40,000
6-8 weeks
Town Manager
New Project
Multiple project worksheets
(PA funds) for this site…
$83,426
8 weeks
Town Manager
5 Oct 2009
Completed
HMGP DR-1691-01 grant
5) Bamford Hill Rd; Elevate 1,000' x 2' x 24' stabilize
shoulders and add (2) 24'' x 40' HDPE culverts and rip
rap outlet and intake.
$47,000
6 weeks
Town Manager
6) Jackman Mill Rd; Upsize 60'' x 40' cmp with 5' x 6' x
40' bottomless box culvert with integrated headers.
$38,000
6 weeks
Town Manager
New Project
1) Marston Rd site 1; Install 600' x 15'' HDPE
underground drainage culvert add two catch basins and
upsize existing 36'' x 40' cmp with 60'' x 40' HDPE
culvert and riprap intake and outlet.
$40,000
4 weeks
Director of Public
Works
New project
2) Marston Rd site 2; Elevate 600' x 20' x 3' on
average, repave and upsize existing 24'' x 50' HDPE
culvert with 5' x 4' x 50' bottomless box culvert.
$50,000
5 weeks
Director of Public
Works
New project
3) Marston Rd site 2; Elevate 200' x 20' x 2' on
average, repave and upsize existing 24'' x 50' and 36''
x 50' HDPE culvert with 6' x 4' x 50' bottomless box
culvert.
$45,000
5 weeks
Director of Public
Works
New project
4) Marston , Libby Hill and Costello Rd; Elevate
3,000' x 20' x 4' on average, repave and upsize existing
36'' x 50' HDPE culvert with 6' x 4' x 50' bottomless box
culvert add 36'' x 50' HDPE overflow culvert.
$90,000
6 weeks
Director of Public
Works
New project
4) Bog Rd; Raise road; install geotextile; upsize
culverts; reshape ditches and armor.
Gardiner
Responsible
Agency
Mitigation Strategies
5 - 114
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Town (Kennebec
County)
(Gardiner)
Hallowell
Litchfield
Potential Projects
Cost estimate 2010 Time line
Responsible
Agency
Status as of
2010
5) Riverside Drive site 1; Upsize 24'' x 40'.cmp with
36'' x 40' HDPE culvert and riprap intake and outlet.
Ditch and line 500' and stabilize downstream road
shoulder 150' x 3'.
$12,000
2 weeks
Director of Public
Works
New project
6) Riverside Drive site 2; Upsize and reset 36'' x 40'
cmp with 36'' x 40' HDPE culvert and tow and pave 100'
x 20' low water crossing.
$7,000
2 weeks
Director of Public
Works
New project
7) Harden Hill Rd; Install 400' x 24'' underground
drainage.
$24,000
2 weeks
Director of Public
Works
New project
8) Summer St; Construct concrete berm behind garage
on private property. 20' x 3' x 12''.
$2,500
2 weeks
Director of Public
Works
New project
1) Town owned parking lot; Upgrade 400' of wooden
bulkhead with driven sheet pile.
$500,000
8 weeks
Town Manager
Completed
2) Water St. @ Second St. (drainage); Upsize 300' x
24" underground pipe. Add (6) catch basins.
$40,000
8 weeks
Town Manager
New Project
3) Union St. @ Central St; (drainage)
Upsize 300' x 24" underground pipe . Add (10) catch
basins.
-
$65,000
10 weeks
Town Manager
New Project
4 ) Winter St ; (drainage) Upsize 400' x 36"
underground pipe Add (4) catch basins.
$69,000
8 weeks
Town Manager
New Project
5) Chestnut St ; (drainage) Upsize 200' x 18"
underground pipe. Add (4) catch basins.
$30,000
6 weeks
Town Manager
New Project
6) Academy St; (drainage) Upsize 1,000' x 24"
underground pipe. Add (10) catch basins.
$110,000
10 weeks
Town Manager
New Project
1) Hallowell/Litchfield Rd; Build retaining wall 4ft x
50' to protect road from Tacoma Lake overspill.
$28,000
8 weeks
Town Manager
New Project
1) Scribner Hill Rd- Ditch 4,000', Stabilize shoulder
install geosynthetic to fix spring under roadway.
$60,000
4 weeks
2) Prescott Rd; Ditch 6,500', Stabilize shoulders.
$60,000
3 weeks
Manchester
Mitigation Strategies
5 - 115
Town Manager/
Road
Commissioner
Town Manager/
Road
Commissioner
New Project
New Project
Notes
Completed with town funds.
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Town (Kennebec
County)
Potential Projects
Cost estimate 2010 Time line
Mount Vernon
Oakland
Status as of
2010
3) Foye Rd; Ditch and line 5,000'.
$50,000
3 weeks
Town Manager/
Road
Commissioner
New Project
4) Summer haven Rd; Ditch and line 7,000 and upsize
culverts as needed.
-
$80,000
4 weeks
Town Manager/
Road
Commissioner
New Project
1) Wilson Pond Rd, site 1; Add 36'' x 40' HDPE
overflow culvert and riprap intake and outlet.
$4,000
2 weeks
Town Manager
New project
2) Sandborn Rd; Add 36'' x 50' HDPE overflow culvert
and riprap intake and outlet.
$5,000
2 weeks
Town Manager
New project
3) Placard Rd, site 1; Ditch and stone line 1.500' and
add check dams as needed.
$15,000
2 weeks
Town Manager
New project
4) Placard Rd, site 2; Add (2) 30'' x 40' HDPE cross
culverts and riprap intake and outlets.
$6,000
2 weeks
Town Manager
New project
5) Wilson Pond Rd, site 2; Add 36'' x 40' HDPE
overflow culvert and riprap intake and outlet.
$4,000
2 weeks
Town Manager
New project
6) Bormen Rd; Add 36'' x 50' HDPE overflow culvert
and riprap intake and outlet.
$5,000
2 weeks
Town Manager
New project
7) Gillman Hill Rd; Ditch and stone line 1.200' and add
check dams as needed.
$12,000
2 weeks
Town Manager
New project
1) Bean Rd; Add 36'' x 40' HDPE overflow culvert,
Moor Hill Rd. elevate 600' x 20' x 1' and stabilize
shoulders, upsize 36'' x 40' cmp with 48'' x 40' HDPE
culvert and (2) 15'' x 40' cmps with 24'' x 40' HDPE
culverts.
$27,000
4 weeks
Road
Commissioner
New project
Journeys End ; Elevate 400' 21' x 2', stabilize
shoulders and upsize (2) 15'' x 40' culverts with 24'' x
40' HDPE culverts.
$23,000
4 weeks
Road
Commissioner
New project
Desert Point Rd; Elevate 1,000' x 21' x 2', stabilize
shoulder upsize (3) 15'' x 40' cmps with 36'' x 40' HDPE
culverts and add (3) 36'' x 40' HDPE overflow culverts.
$75,000
8 weeks
Road
Commissioner
New project
1) Town Farm Rd; Upsize (1) culvert (size unknown)
to 36 inch HDPE.
$7,500
1 week
Road
Commissioner
Completed
(Manchester)
Monmouth
Responsible
Agency
Mitigation Strategies
5 - 116
Notes
Completed with town funds.
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Town (Kennebec
County)
Potential Projects
Cost estimate 2010 Time line
Responsible
Agency
Status as of
2010
Notes
Completed with town funds.
2) McGrath Pond Rd; Upsize (1) 48 inch culvert.
$20,000
2 weeks
Road
Commissioner
Completed
3) Broom Handle Rd; Upsize (3) culverts sizes
unknown Ditch 75'.
$25,000
3 weeks
Road
Commissioner
New Project
1) Blinn Hill Rd; Upsize and lengthen existing culvert
with a 10'x 14' x 50' bottomless box culvert with
integrated headwalls.
$105,000
8 weeks
Board of
Selectmen
New Project
2) Pinkham St; Elevate road bed 1,800' x 3' x 20' on
average, stabilize shoulders with fractured stone,
upsize (2) 15'' x 40' cmps with 18'' x 40' HDPE culverts
and (1) 12'' x 20' cmp. With 18'' x 20' HDPE driveway
culvert and remove ledge from ditch line as needed
aprox 75 cu yds.
$145,000
8 weeks
Board of
Selectmen
New Project
3) Blodgett Rd; Upsize 8'x 40' oval culvert with 10' x 8'
x 40' bottomless box culvert and riprap intake and
outlet.
$65,000
4 weeks
Board of
Selectmen
New Project
4) Palmer Rd; Ditch 4,000 and remove ledge as
needed and add (2) 18'' x 40' HDPE cross culverts.
$20,000
3 weeks
Board of
Selectmen
New Project
5) Crocker Rd; Ditch and stone line 4,000'.
$43,000
3 weeks
Board of
Selectmen
New Project
1) Water St; Remove fire station 3,800 +/- sq ' and
remove Public Works Garage 1,200+/-sq ' out of the
flood plain.
$350,000
6 months
Board of
Selectmen
New Project
2) Lower Water St; Acquire and demolish 9 properties
from the flood plain.
$2.5 mill
6 months
Board of
Selectmen
New Project
3) Mill St; Create hardened low water crossing 500' x
23'.
$25,000
3 weeks
Road
Commissioner
New Project
1) Sadie Dunn Rd; Upsize 36'' x 50' cmp with 48'' x 50'
HDPE riprap intake and outlet and ditch and line 500' of
road and add check dams as needed.
$18,000
3 weeks
Director of Public
Works
New Project
2) Giles Rd; Replace bridge 21' x 35'.
$165,000
8 weeks
Director of Public
Works
New Project
(Oakland)
Pittston
Randolph
Readfield
Mitigation Strategies
5 - 117
Critical facility
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Town (Kennebec
County)
(Readfield)
Rome
Sidney
Potential Projects
Cost estimate 2010 Time line
Responsible
Agency
Status as of
2010
Notes
Town reports no flooding
problems on any town
owned property.
3) Wings Mills Rd; Upsize existing twin 24'' x 50'
culverts with 4' x 6' x 50' bottomless box culvert with
integrated headwalls.
$50,000
3 weeks
Director of Public
Works
New Project
1) Ladd Rd; Ditch 6,500', elevate 7,500' x 18' x 10'' on
average and upsize (6) 12'' x 40' cmps with 18'' x 40'
HDPE culverts.
$225,000
8 weeks
Road
Commissioner
New Project
2) Watson Pond Rd; Ditch 2,000' upsize (1) 12'' x 40'
cmp with 18'' x 40' HPDE culvert and (2) 12'' x 20'
driveway cmps with 15'' x 20' HDPE culverts and riprap
intake and outlets.
$11,000
2 weeks
Road
Commissioner
New Project
3) Oak Ridge Rd; Elevate 4,000' x 18' x 12'' on
average, ditch 600' and add (3) 18'' x 40' HDPE cross
culverts.
$55,000
6 weeks
Road
Commissioner
New Project
4) Jamaica Point Rd; Ditch and line 500' and remove
ledge as needed.
$7,500
2 weeks
Road
Commissioner
New Project
5) Mountain Drive: Install (2) dry hydrants with 200' x
6'' and 600' x 6'' PVC.
$6,000
2 weeks
Road
Commissioner
New Project
1) Drummond Rd; Upsize (2) 24'' x 40' culverts to 4' x
8' x 40' bottomless box culvert. Stabilize road
shoulders with gabion baskets 100' x 3' x 18'.
$65,000
8 weeks
Board of
Selectmen
New Project
2) Quaker Rd; Ditch 1,400' and upsize (13) 15'' x 30'
and (2) 18'' x 30' driveway cmps with (13) 24'' x 30'
HDPE and (2) 24'' x 40' HDPE culverts.
$58,000
3 weeks
Board of
Selectmen
New Project
3) Reynold Hill Rd; Ditch 2,500', stone line and add
check dams as needed. Upsize (10) 12'' x 30'
driveway cmps with (10) 18'' x 30' HDPE culverts and
add (5) 18'' x 30' HDPE driveway culverts and upsize
existing 12'' x 115' cmp with 18'' x 115 HDPE culvert.
$74,000
4 weeks
Board of
Selectmen
New Project
4) Mills Rd; Elevate road bed 3,000' x 2' x 20' and
stabilize shoulders.
$55,000
6 weeks
Board of
Selectmen
New Project
5) Phiibrook,Tiffany, Blake Rds; Elevate road bed
12,000 x 2' x 21' stabilize shoulders. Upsize (9) 15'' x
40' to 18'' x 40' HDPE culverts and add (3) 18'' x 40'
HDPE cross culverts.
$260,000
8 weeks
Board of
Selectmen
New Project
$2,000
1 week
Road Foreman
New Project
6) Public Works; Install underground feed from
generator to fuel pump.
Mitigation Strategies
5 - 118
Not a FEMA fundable
project
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Town (Kennebec
County)
Vassalboro
Vienna
Waterville
Waterville Sewer
District
Potential Projects
Cost estimate 2010 Time line
Responsible
Agency
Status as of
2010
Notes
Problem may be a result of a
farmers man-made pond…
1) Bog Rd; Upsize 15'' x 40' cmp to 24'' x 40' HDPE
culvert.
$3,000
1 week
Public Works
New Project
2) Midget Hill Rd; Ditch and stone line 400' and add
check dams as needed.
$6,000
1 week
Public Works
New Project
3) Cook Hill Rd; Ditch and stone line 300' and add
check dams as needed.
$5,000
1 week
Public Works
New Project
4)Dunham Rd; Ditch and seed 200'.
$1,100
1 week
Public Works
New Project
1) Town Rd; Elevate 500' x 20' x 2' on average install
10' x 4' x 40' bottomless box culvert riprap intake and
outlet and repave .
$60,000
3 weeks
Road
Commissioner
New Project
2) Mountain Rd; Upsize existing cmp with 8' x 4' x 40'
bottomless box culvert and riprap intake and outlet.
$45,000
3 weeks
Road
Commissioner
New Project
3) Kimble Pond Rd site 1; Add 24'' x 40' HDPE
culvert .
$2,000
1 week
Road
Commissioner
New Project
4) Kimble Pond Rd site 2; Add 4' x 3' x 40' bottomless
box culvert riprap intake and outlet and elevate road
bed 200' x 20' x 2'.
$25,000
3 weeks
Road
Commissioner
New Project
5) Stream Rd; Add 24'' x 60 ' HDPE overflow culvert
and riprap intake and outlet.
$4,000
2 weeks
Road
Commissioner
New Project
1) Drummond Rd; Ditch 2,300' and reset 18'' x 50'
culvert.
$9,200
1 week
Public Works
New Project
2); County Rd; Riprap intake and outlet of existing 48''
culvert and add 4' x 6' x 6' stone lined plunge pool.
$4,000
1 week
Public Works
New Project
3) West River Rd; Upsize 18'' x 100' culvert with 3' x
2' x 100'. bottomless box culvert.
$45,000
3 weeks
Public Works
New Project
1) Roland St. between Colette and West River Rd;
Upsize existing 12'' underground drainage system with
18'' x 300' HDPE underground drainage system and
repave.
$17,000
3 weeks
Waterville Sewer
District
New Project
2) College Ave: Upsize existing12 '' underground
drainage system with 18'' x 1400' HDPE and repave.
$73,000
4 weeks
Waterville Sewer
District
New Project
Mitigation Strategies
5 - 119
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Town (Kennebec
County)
Wayne
Potential Projects
Cost estimate 2010 Time line
1) Hard Scrabble Rd ; Raise road; re-establish ditch
lines; install geotextile fabric; upsize existing 18" culvert
with 24" and install new 15" culvert in town easement at
George's Road to drain water from ditch.
Winslow
Windsor
Status as of
2010
Notes
$45,055
1 yr
Town and
Contractor
28 Oct 10 Complete
HMGP DR-1755-01 grant
TBD
TBD
Town and
Contractor
New Project
Town has no other issues
per town manager
1) Indiana Rd ; Elevate 900' x 22' x 2' on average and
repave, Upsize 15'' x 40' cmp to 24'' x 40' HDPE culvert.
$36,000
4 weeks
Board of
Selectmen
New Project
2)Stoneham Drive site 1; Replace 24'' x 40' cmp with
24'' x 40' HDPE culvert and remove ledge 36'' x 40' x
24'' and reset 24'' x 40' culvert.
$6,500
2 weeks
Board of
Selectmen
New Project
3) Bog Hill Rd; Upsize 48'' x 40' cmp with 4' x 6' x 40'
bottomless box culvert and elevate 500' x 22' x 2' and
repave.
$45,000
4 weeks
Board of
Selectmen
New Project
4) Old Lewiston Rd; Stabilize 500' x 4' with geotextile
fabric and fractured stone and upsize existing 18'' x 40'
cmp with 24'' x 40' HDPE culvert.
$5,000
2 weeks
Board of
Selectmen
New Project
5) Stoneham Drive site 2; Elevate 2,000' x 22' x 2' and
upsize (10) 12'' x 30' cmps with 18'' x 30' HDPE
driveway culverts.
$67,000
4 weeks
Board of
Selectmen
New Project
6) Benson Rd; Upsize 15'' x 40' cmp with 24'' x 40'
HDPE culvert.
$2,600
4 weeks
Board of
Selectmen
New Project
7) Hinkley Rd; Elevate 1,000' x 22' x 12'' and upsize
12'' x 40' cmp with 18'' x 40' HDPE culvert.
$76,000
4 weeks
Board of
Selectmen
New Project
Dallaire St ; Acquire six homes, mechanical demolition,
site debris removal to licensed site.
$522,849
1 yr
Town and
Contractor
16 June 2010
Complete
1) Fort Hill Cemetery: Stabilize slope of cemetery 80' x
90' x 2' with large fractured stone.
$200,000
8 weeks
Town Manager
New Project
2) Lithgow St; Add 24'' x 4000' HDPE under ground
drainage culvert +/- to Chafe Brook.
$250,000
8 weeks
Town Manager
New Project
1) Griffin Rd; Ditch 10,000' remove ledge as needed
50 cu yds +/- in two spots, add (3) 18'' x 40' HDPE
cross culverts and rip rap intake and outlets.
$42,000
4 weeks
Town Manager
New Project
2) Other; Identify and upgrade drainage systems as
necessary
West Gardner
Responsible
Agency
Mitigation Strategies
5 - 120
HMGP DR-1815-01 grant
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Town (Kennebec
County)
Potential Projects
(Windsor)
2) Suman Rd @ Hewlett Brook; Upsize existing 72'' x
40' cmp with 12' x 8' x 50' bottomless box culvert.
$85,000
3) Choate Rd at Choate Bridge; Stabilize road
shoulder 20' x 10' with geotextile fabric and fractured
stone, Ditch and line 1,000' and add check dams as
needed. Upsize (1) 12'' x 20' cmp with 15'' x 20' HDPE
driveway culvert.
Winthrop
Responsible
Agency
Status as of
2010
2 weeks
Town Manager
New Project
$15,000
3 weeks
Town Manager
New Project
4) Windwood Rd; Elevate 3,000' x 16' x 12'', add (3)
18'' x 40' HDPE cross culverts and (1) 15'' x 20' HPDE
driveway culvert. And riprap intake and outlets.
$24,000
4 weeks
Town Manager
New Project
5) Reed Rd; Cut back road banks 5' and ditch
5,000'.Add (3) 15'' x 40' HDPE culverts and upsize (2)
18'' x 40' cmps with 30'' x 40' HDPE culverts.
$33,000
4 weeks
Town Manager
New Project
6) Weeks Mill Rd; Replace 96'' x40' cmp with 10' x 8' x
50' bottomless box culvert and riprap intake and outlet.
$65,000
1 weeks
Town Manager
New Project
1) Narrows Pond Causeway; Upsize existing
culvert.3' x 4' x 30' with 5'x 5' x 30' bottomless box
culvert.
$34,500
2 weeks
Town Manager
New Project
2) Memorial Drive; Re-ditch and stone line 300'.
$3,000
1 weeks
Town Manager
New Project
3) Case Rd; Upsize 36'' x 40' cmp with 4 ' x 4' x 40'
concrete bottomless box culvert, riprap intake and
outlet. Add 24'' x 40' HDPE overflow culvert.
$25,000
4 weeks
Town Manager
New Project
4) Old Lewiston Rd; Upsize existing culvert. 48'' x 40'
with 5'x 4 ' x 30' bottomless box culvert.
$40,000
2 weeks
Town Manager
New Project
Cost estimate 2010 Time line
Mitigation Strategies
5 - 121
Notes
Completed with town funds.
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
15. Identification and Analysis of Mitigation Actions: National Flood Insurance
Program (NFIP Compliance
Requirement §201.6(c)(3)(ii): (The mitigation strategy) must also address the jurisdiction’s
participation in the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP), and continued compliance with
NFIP requirements, as appropriate.
Elements A. Does the new or updated plan describe the jurisdiction’s participation in the
NFIP?
B. Does the mitigation strategy identify, analyze and prioritize actions related to
continued compliance with the NFIP?
A.
Participation in the NFIP. All of the cities and towns in Kennebec County, as well as
Unity Township, are in the Flood Insurance Program, as shown in Table 3. The
Effective Date is based on the Federal Emergency Management Agency’s Community
Status Book Report. Note: When the last Hazard Mitigation Plan was prepared, the
Town of Vassalboro was not in the NFIP. The Town has since joined the program and
adopted a floodplain management ordinance.
Table 3
Kennebec County Communities Participating in the National Flood Insurance Program
City or Town
Effective Date
City or Town
Effective Date
Albion
Sept 27 1985
Oakland
June 15 1988
Augusta
April 1 1981
Pittston
March 16 1981
Belgrade
Jan 16 1987
Randolph
Sept 5 1979
Benton
May 4 1988
Readfield
Dec 16 1980
Chelsea
June 4 1980
Rome
May 17 1988
China
June 5 1989
Sidney
March 18 1987
Clinton
May 3 1990
Unity Township
April 30 1984
Farmingdale
Sept 30 1980
Vassalboro
Aug 1 2006
Fayette
Oct 1 2002
Vienna
Aug 19 1985
Gardiner
May 15 1980
Waterville
Feb 17 1988
Hallowell
Nov 15 1979
Wayne
April 3, 1989
Litchfield
Nov 19 1986
West Gardiner
March 28 1980
Manchester
Oct 15 1980
Windsor
Feb 4 1987
Monmouth
Sept 3 1980
Winslow
Sept 30 1987
Mount Vernon
Aug 19 1985
Winthrop
Aug 15 1980
Source: Federal Emergency Management Agency Community Status Work Book 4/02/2010
Note: Unity township is in an unorganized township. There is no local government. For
the people living in the unorganized townships, taxes are paid to the State. The
State’s Land Use Regulation Commission (LURC) regulates land use. Services are
provided by the State, by Kennebec County, and by contract with nearby towns and
school districts.
Mitigation Strategies
5 - 122
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
B.
Actions related to continued compliance with the NFIP. Actions related to
continued compliance with the NFIP are included in the Goals, Objectives and
Mitigation Actions. See Flooding, Mitigation Actions (pages 5-4 and 5-5), specifically:
2.A. NFIP Participation (encourage continued NFIP participation) – this is the top
ranked priority related to the NFIP because there is 100% participation and it is likely
that this high participation rate will continue.
2.F. Improved Maps – this is the second-ranked priority related to the NFIP because
many maps are obsolete. It is ranked second because implementation by FEMA is not
assured.
2.B. Repetitive Loss Properties - this is the third-ranked priority related to the NFIP. It
is ranked third because the prospects of project application and funding are not
assured.
2.C. Homeowner Education – this is the fourth- ranked priority related to the NFIP. It is
ranked fourth because homeowners have not already purchased flood insurance are
probably not likely to be persuaded to do so.
16. Implementation of Mitigation Actions
Requirement §201.6(c)(3)(iii): (The mitigation strategy section shall include) an action plan
describing how the actions identified in section (c)(3)(ii) will be prioritized, implemented and
administered at the local jurisdiction. Prioritization shall include a special emphasis on the
extent to which benefits are maximized according to a cost benefit review of the proposed
projects and their associated costs.
Elements A. Does the new or updated mitigation strategy include (a discussion about)
how the actions are prioritized? (For example, is there a discussion of the
process and the criteria used?)
B. Does the new or updated mitigation strategy address how the actions will be
implemented and administered, including the responsible department, existing
and potential resources and the timeframe to complete each action?
C. Does the new or updated prioritization process include an emphasis on the
use of a cost-benefit review to maximize benefits?
D. Does the updated plan identify the completed, deleted or deferred mitigations
as a benchmark for progress, and if actions are unchanged (i.e., deferred) does
the updated plan describe why no changes occurred?
A.
How the actions are prioritized.

Policy actions. Long-range policies are important in developing a coherent strategy
for mitigating hazards, although they are not specifically required by FEMA. The
policy-oriented actions included on pages 5-3 through 5-10 are on-going in nature and
are not subject to an implementation timetable, or a cost-benefit analysis as
envisioned by FEMA in requirement #16. However, they have been ranked beginning
on page 5-23. The “status” column indicates actions that are ongoing, deleted or new.
Mitigation Strategies
5 - 123
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan

Projects. Projects shown on pages 5-26 through 5-37, are subject to FEMA
requirement #16. However, in a multi-jurisdiction plan involving many municipalities, it
is not possible to compare projects across municipal boundaries because very few if
any officials will have a detailed understanding of each project and how they compare
to those in other communities. The preparation of detailed, cost benefit analyses is a
complex, costly process that is beyond the scope and funding that is available to
complete this Plan. The preparation of cost benefit analyses is part of the project
funding application process and will be undertaken at the time municipalities decide to
apply for grants. Instead of a formal process for prioritizing projects, each municipality
is asked to prioritize its own projects. See introductory statements to Prioritized
Mitigation Projects on page 5-25 for a discussion about how these projects were
prioritized.
B.
How the actions will be implemented and administered. See Prioritized Mitigation
Projects beginning on page 5-26 for a project-by-project summary of costs, timeframe
and responsible party.
C.
Use of a cost-benefit analysis. MEMA will utilize the cost benefit analyses prepared
by applicants when they apply for mitigation funding.
Many of the jurisdictions included in this Plan are small towns run by volunteers. They
do not have staff, resources or funding to prepare cost-benefit analyses for the
projects included in this Plan. However, in virtually all cases involving expenditure of
local funds for implementation, there will be a very rigorous, line-by-line analysis of
cost effectiveness during the local budget review process and subsequent public
discussion. This review is at least equal to a formal benefit-cost calculation because
each expenditure item will be carefully scrutinized rather than simply being plugged
into a formula. Nevertheless, MEMA and the County EMA have made it clear to local
officials that a cost benefit analysis will have to be prepared in the event they apply for
mitigation funding.
D.
Benchmarks for progress
See the “Status/Rationale if no Action” column in the table General Goals, Objectives
and Mitigation Actions beginning on page 5-3 of this Plan.
See the “Status/Rationale if no Action” column in the table Summary of Hazard
Mitigation Projects by Municipality beginning on page 5-26 of this Plan.
17. Multi-Jurisdictional Mitigation Actions
Requirement §201.6(c)(3)(iv): For multi-jurisdictional plans, there must be identifiable action
items specific to the jurisdiction requesting FEMA approval or credit of the plan.
Elements A. Does the new or updated plan include identifiable action items for each
jurisdiction requesting FEMA approval of the plan?
B. Does the updated plan identify the completed, deleted or deferred mitigation
actions as a benchmark for progress, and if activities are unchanged (i.e.,
deferred), does the updated plan describe why no changes occurred?
Mitigation Strategies
5 - 124
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
A.
Identifiable action items specific to jurisdictions
(See pages 5-26 to 5-37)
B.
Status of mitigation actions
(See Status “Status/Rationale if no Action” column on pages 5-26 to 5-37)
Mitigation Strategies
5 - 125
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
SECTION 6 PLAN MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES
18. Monitoring, Evaluating and Updating the Plan
Requirement §201.6(c)(4)(i): (The plan maintenance process shall include a) section
describing the method and schedule of monitoring, evaluating and updating the mitigation
plan within a five-year cycle.
Elements A. Does the new or updated plan describe the method and schedule for
monitoring the plan, including the responsible department?
B. Does the new or updated plan describe the method and schedule for
evaluating the plan, including how, when and by whom (i.e. the responsible
department)?
C. Does the new or updated plan describe the method and schedule for
updating the plan within the five-year cycle?
§201 .6(c)(4) requires a formal plan maintenance process to take place to ensure that the
Mitigation Plan remains an active and pertinent document. The plan maintenance process
includes a schedule for monitoring and evaluating the plan at least every five years, and
continued public participation throughout the plan maintenance process.
This section also includes an explanation of how the county and municipal governments intend
to incorporate their mitigation strategies into any existing planning mechanisms they have, such
as comprehensive or capital improvement plans, or zoning and building codes.
This section includes the following three subsections as follows:
Monitoring, Evaluating, and Updating the Plan
Implementation Through Existing Programs
Continued Public Involvement
A.
Monitoring the Plan
Kennebec County has developed a method to ensure that regular review and update
of the Hazard Mitigation Plan occurs. The Kennebec County Emergency Management
Agency has formed a Hazard Mitigation Plan Evaluation Planning Team that consists
of members from the County EMA office, the County Commissioners, Selectmen and
EMA directors from member towns, and the Local Emergency Planning Committee. The
County EMA Office is responsible for contacting team members and organizing the
meeting every five years after every disaster in the county and/or annually. The
meeting will be held in March of the fourth year after the last plan revision was
approved, and Team members will be responsible for monitoring and evaluating the
progress of the mitigation strategies in the plan.
The County also intends to work with MEMA officials, local units of government
and others in periods following disasters to better understand how the region can
mitigate future damages to roads, critical facilities, residential structures and
businesses.
Plan Maintenance Procedures
6 - 126
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
B.
Evaluating the Plan
After every disaster in the county and/or annually, the Team will review each
mitigation goal and objective to determine their relevance to changing situations and
land developments in the County, as well as changes in State or federal policy, and to
ensure that they are addressing current and expected conditions. The Team will also
review the risk assessment portion of the plan to determine if this information should
be updated or modified. The parties responsible for the various implementation
actions will report on the status of their projects and will include which implementation
processes worked well, any difficulties encountered, how coordination efforts were
proceeding, and which strategies should be revised.
C.
Updating the Plan
Based on the annual or disaster-related reviews, the Kennebec County EMA Office
will then have one year to update and make appropriate changes to the plan before
submitting and submit it to the State Hazard Mitigation Officer in the fourth year of
the planning period. If no changes are necessary, the State Hazard Mitigation Officer
will be given a justification for this determination. At the beginning of the fourth year of
implementation of this Plan, the County EMA will convene a meeting of the local EMA
Directors, who will serve as liaisons to other municipal staff and officials. Based on the
evaluation of the Plan, proposed changes will be prepared for the following five-year
period. The County EMA and the County Hazard Mitigation Planning Team will rely on
EMA Directors for input, as well as public input obtained through public workshops,
mailings, and phone-in meetings. Proposed changes to the Plan will be submitted to
the Maine Emergency Management Agency and the Federal Emergency Management
Agency for review. The State Hazard Mitigation Officer will review the plan prior to submittal
to FEMA for conditional approval. After the plan has been conditionally approved by both the
State and FEMA, the municipalities will have one year to formally adopt the revised plan.
IMPLEMENTATION THROUGH EXISTING PROGRAMS
19. Incorporation into Existing Planning Mechanisms
Requirement §201.6(c)(4)(ii): (The plan shall include a) process by which local governments
incorporate the requirements of the mitigation plan into other planning mechanisms such as
comprehensive or capital improvement plans, where appropriate.
Elements A. Does the new or updated plan identify other local planning mechanisms
available for incorporating the mitigation requirements of the mitigation plan?
B. Does the new or updated plan include a process by which the local
government will incorporate the mitigation strategy and other information
contained in the plan (e.g., risk assessment) into other planning mechanisms,
when appropriate?
C. Does the updated plan explain how the local government incorporated the
mitigation strategy and other information contained in the plan (e.g., risk
assessment) into other planning mechanisms, when appropriate?
A.
Identification of Local Planning Mechanisms
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County government is not very comprehensive very limited in scope and authority in
the State of Maine and does not have the manpower, authority, or fiscal capabilities to
guide and control planning or development within a County. Within Maine, most
government authority is with State statutes and rules and with municipal “Home Rule”
ordinances.
The larger municipalities within Kennebec County utilize comprehensive land use
planning, capital improvements planning, and building codes to guide and control
development in their communities. Eight of the 30 communities have less then 2,000
people and are not required to have a building inspector, according to State law.
Twenty-two of the 30 communities have less then 4,000 people. and do not have
fulltime building inspectors. Most of the Kennebec County towns have only periodic
development issues to work, and usually rely on State statutes for any development
review processes. After the County and Municipalities officially adopt the
Kennebec County Hazard Mitigation Plan, these existing mechanisms will have
hazard mitigation strategies integrated into their policies.
The municipalities in Kennebec County have a variety of planning and regulatory
mechanisms for managing land use at the local level. As shown in the table below, all
but one of the municipality have a local comprehensive plan, all have a floodplain
management ordinance and a shoreland zoning ordinance, and 24 have local
subdivision regulations (subdivisions in the remaining five towns are governed by the
provisions of the State’s subdivision law). Finally, 18 municipalities have a town-wide
zoning ordinance to guide growth and development.
Summary of Municipal Planning and Regulatory Activity
Town/City
Albion
Augusta
Belgrade
Benton
Chelsea
China
Clinton
Farmingdale
Fayette
Gardiner
Hallowell
Litchfield
Manchester
Monmouth
Mount Vernon
Comprehensive
Plan
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Floodplain
Management
Ordinance
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Shoreland
Zoning
Ordinance
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
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Local
Subdivision
Regulations
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Townwide
Zoning
Ordinance
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
Oakland
Yes
Yes
Yes
Pittston
Yes
Yes
Yes
Randolph
Yes
Yes
Yes
Readfield
Yes
Yes
Yes
Rome
Yes
Yes
Sidney
Yes
Yes
Yes
Vassalboro
Yes
Yes
Yes
Vienna
Yes
Yes
Yes
Waterville
Yes
Yes
Yes
Wayne
Yes
Yes
Yes
West Gardiner
Yes
Yes
Yes
Windsor
Yes
Yes
Yes
Winslow
Yes
Yes
Yes
Winthrop
Yes
Yes
Yes
Source: Kennebec Valley COG 2010 Survey of Municipal Planning Activity
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
There were very few ordinance-related mitigation measures identified by the
Kennebec County Hazard Mitigation Planning Team. The majority of the mitigation
measures that were identified, and all of the actions selected by individual
communities are either structural, public educational, or emergency planning
measures.
B.
Process for Incorporating Mitigation Strategies and Related Information into
Local Planning Mechanisms.
County government does not have the authority to control local planning mechanisms.
However, the County EMA Director can provide information to local units of
government, as well as technical assistance.
Following approval of the Plan by FEMA, the County EMA will send a copy to all
municipalities in the County with a recommendation that local comprehensive planning
efforts, municipal road maintenance planning efforts, emergency management
programs and local fire prevention programs be utilized to their greatest extent to
complete the community’s mitigation measures. After adoption of the Mitigation Plan,
the The County will encourage the local municipalities to address the hazards in
their comprehensive plans and land use ordinances. The County EMA Office, with the
Kennebec County Local Emergency Planning Committee will conduct periodic reviews
of the municipal comprehensive plans and land use policies, analyze any plan
amendments, and provide technical assistance to any municipalities in implementing
these requirements.
The larger municipalities are responsible for administering their building codes in
their communities through their Code Enforcement Officers. After the adoption of the
Mitigation Plan, they will work with the State Planning Office to seek best management
practices regarding life/safety criteria in new construction.
The municipal capital improvement planning that occurs in the future will also
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Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
contribute to the goals in the Hazard Mitigation Plan. The municipal planning boards
will work with capital improvement planners to secure high-hazard areas for low risk
uses.
Within two years of the formal adoption of the Mitigation Plan, the policies listed above
will be incorporated into the process of existing planning mechanisms.
The County EMA Office will continue to assist municipalities with the completion of
FEMA Pre-Disaster and Hazard Mitigation Grant packages.
C.
Explanation of How Local Governments Incorporated Strategies and other
Information.
There has been progress in some areas, but no known actions in other areas:
-
Comprehensive plans – no State money for new plans or updates
Road maintenance planning efforts – many towns in Kennebec County are now
using MEMA’s Road Tracker to document repair costs
Emergency management and mitigation planning – none known to have
occurred
Ordinances –no State money for new plans or updates
Grant applications – many of the County’s municipalities have been active in
applying for grants to address mitigation issues
Municipalities have implemented a number of projects on their own. As documented in
Section 5, many projects were completed between 2005 and 2011, and there are
some that were partially completed.
In addition, the County EMA and all municipal EMAs have continued to advise their
respective jurisdictions on pending hazard events, such as winter storms, as well as
posted public service announcements in public locations such as municipal offices.
The County EMA has notified municipal EMAs and local officials of hazard mitigation
workshops such as those related to the Pre-Disaster and Hazard Mitigation Grant
programs, and workshops with hazard mitigation content such as those sponsored by
Maine’s Local Roads Center that deal with the use of geo-textiles.
20. Continued Public Involvement
Requirement §201.6(c)(4)(iii): (The plan maintenance process shall include a) discussion on
how the community will continue public participation in the plan maintenance process.
Elements A. Does the new or updated plan explain how continued public participation will
be obtained? (For example, will there be public notices, an on-going mitigation
plan committee, or annual review meetings with stakeholders?
Kennebec County is dedicated to involving the public directly in the continual reshaping and
updating of the Hazard Mitigation Plan. The Hazard Mitigation Plan Evaluation Planning
Team members are responsible for the review and update of the plan. Although they
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Kennebec County Draft Revised Hazard Mitigation Plan
represent the public to some extent, the public will be able to directly comment on and
provide feedback about the plan. All meetings will continue to be open to the public for
opportunities to comment on and provide meaningful input on the Plan.
Copies of the plan will be provided to the municipal Emergency Management Directors and
kept on hand at all municipal town offices in the County. The existence and location of these
copies will be publicized by posting flyers in all the town offices. Contained in the plan is the
address and phone number of the Kennebec County EMA Office, which is responsible for
keeping track of public comments on the plan.
A public meeting will also be held after each Mitigation Plan Evaluation Team review
meeting prior to completion of the Plan. This public meeting will provide the public a forum
for which they can express concerns, opinions, or ideas about the plan. The County EMA
Office will publicize and host this meeting.
In Kennebec County, hazard mitigation is far more than a written plan. It is an important part
of the overall mission of the Kennebec County Emergency Management Agency (EMA), and
is fully integrated into the comprehensive nature of the EMA’s emergency management
responsibilities. Most of the EMA’s activities and communications emphasize the importance
of planning, preparation, mitigation, training, and emergency response. A partial list of EMA’s
public outreach efforts includes:










Maintaining and updating the EMA’s website including an event calendar,
information on various exercises and functions and photos of various exercises
such as the Wyandanch, Capital and Kents Hill exercises;
Maintaining emergency communications systems such as Nexus and Push-toTalk;
Holding flood advisory/ice jam meetings for local officials and citizens along the
Kennebec River;
Holding meetings and training sessions with local EMA officials;
Holding exercises with local fire departments and drills with local hospitals;
Overseeing local ham radio operators;
Providing mailings to local officials;
Coordinating and serving two Community Emergency Response Teams;
Maintaining the list of Functional and Sensory Needs Population and ensuring
that people on the list are contacted during storms and other emergencies;
Participating in public outreach efforts such as the annual Maine Preparedness
Conference, the most recent of which was attended by over 600 people.
Kennebec County Emergency Management Agency
125 State Street, Augusta, Maine 04330
Office Phone: (207) 623-8407
E-Mail: kclepc@kennebeccounty-me.gov
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