Unit 4: Movement Analysis
Unit 4.3
Key learning
intention (KLI)
Success criteria
Resources
Key words
‘Progress
depends on
effort not
ability’
Fundamentals of Biomechanics
To understand and explain the impact biomechanics has on sports performance.
For your chosen sport, assess your technique and suggest any biomechanical alterations you
could make, stating how and why this would improve performance.
P88-104
Force, speed, velocity, displacement, acceleration, momentum, impulse, vectors, scalars,
velocity-time graph, distance-time graph, force-time graph, centre of mass, first class lever,
second class lever, third class lever, newtons laws, angular momentum, angular velocity,
moment of inertia, projectile motion, bernouli principle,
The ideas behind vectors and scalars are used extensively in maths and physics.
A vector is a quantity which has size (called magnitude) and direction. For example, a force could be 100
newtons downward (the downward specifies the direction), an acceleration could be 10 metres per second
squared forwards (the forwards specifies the direction).
Usually in maths, the direction is specified by the angle to the x-axis in a graph of an
arrow drawn on the graph, with the value represented by the length of the arrow
A scalar is a quantity which has size or value only. For example, a person could have a
mass of 60 kg, or an amount of 1000 joules of energy are used up when performing an
exercise. No directional angle is required when talking about these quantities.
4.3.1
Define the terms
Force
Speed
Velocity
Displacement
Acceleration
Momentum
Impulse
Definition
The mechanical interaction that goes on between two objects
Distance/time
Displacement change/time
How far an object has moved horizontally, vertically or laterally.
Change in velocity(distance)/time
Mass of object x velocity
Force x time
Vector or scalar
For the actions below, draw in the forces acting upon the body. Are they vectors or scalars?
Unit 4: Movement Analysis
‘Progress
depends on
effort not
ability’
What is the difference between distance and displacement? In a 400m race calculate the displacement and
distance.
What is the difference between weight and mass? (KG or Newtons?)
4.3.2
Analyse velocity–time, distance–time and force–time graphs of sporting actions.
Unit 4: Movement Analysis
Describe what is happening in this velocity time graph and answer the questions.
‘Progress
depends on
effort not
ability’
Unit 4: Movement Analysis
Write in your own words what distance time graphs show.
‘Progress
depends on
effort not
ability’
Unit 4: Movement Analysis
‘Progress
depends on
effort not
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What do force time graphs show
4.3.7
Define Newtons three laws of motion
Definition
Newton’s
First Law
Newton’s
second
Newton’s
Third Law
Sporting example
Unit 4: Movement Analysis
‘Progress
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effort not
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4.3.8. Explain how Newton’s laws relate to sporting activities.
Activity
Newtons First Law
Explanation with example
Newtons second law
Newtons Third Law
Block start
The third law states: for every action, there is an
equal and opposite reaction.
Athletes must push backwards and downwards with
large forces on to the blocks.
According to Newton’s third law, the blocks will
push back with the same force, but in the opposite
direction ‹forwards and upwards› (reaction
force)
As the blocks are connected to the ground ‹which
has a much larger mass than the athlete› the ground
will not move backwards, but the athlete will move
forwards and upwards out of the blocks.
What is the impulse momentum relationship?
Unit 4: Movement Analysis
‘Progress
depends on
effort not
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A baseball player holds a bat loosely and bunts a ball. Express your understanding of momentum
conservation by filling in the tables below.
A
B
4.3.2
Define the term centre of Mass
4.3.3
Explain that a change in body position during sporting activities can change the position of
the centre of mass.
Unit 4: Movement Analysis
‘Progress
depends on
effort not
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State why the Frosbury Flop technique is better than the scissor technique for high jump.
The athlete bends their body like a banana around
the bar and their centre of mass is below and outside
the body/may be below the bar.
The jumper using the Fosbury technique will
therefore not have to raise their centre of mass as
high as an athlete performing the scissors when
clearing the same height.
Using the Fosbury technique the jumper will be able
to clear a higher bar compared to using the scissors
‹all other things being equal›
4.3.5. Distinguish between first, second and third class levers.
Lever
Explanation with example
Unit 4: Movement Analysis
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4.3.9. State the relationship between angular momentum, moment of inertia and angular velocity.
4.3.10. Explain the concept of angular momentum in relation to sports activities.
4.3.11. Explain the factors that affect projectile motion at take-off or release.
Unit 4: Movement Analysis
Factor
Projectile Angle
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Description
Projectile height
Projectile speed
Copy and paste a graph of your results below
4.3.12. Outline the Bernoulli principle with respect to projectile motion in sporting activities.
Unit 4: Movement Analysis
Unit 4.3
Key learning
intention (KLI)
Success criteria
Resources
Key words
‘Progress
depends on
effort not
ability’
Fundamentals of Biomechanics
To understand and explain the impact biomechanics has on sports performance.
For your chosen sport, assess your technique and suggest any biomechanical alterations you
could make, stating how and why this would improve performance.
P88-104
Force, speed, velocity, displacement, acceleration, momentum, impulse, vectors, scalars,
velocity-time graph, distance-time graph, force-time graph, centre of mass, first class lever,
second class lever, third class lever, newtons laws, angular momentum, angular velocity,
moment of inertia, projectile motion, bernouli principle,