TRUE PEERS
True Peers: Defined
Individuals with similar learning and experiential qualities and characteristics, specifically similar
language proficiency, culture and experiential background (Brown & Doolittle, 2008).
When considering Tier 2 interventions for an English learner (EL) the learner’s academic and affective
needs must be interpreted relative to other students with similar cultural and linguistic qualities and
characteristics
True Peer Qualities
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o
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Native language Proficiency level (SSLP score)
English Language Proficiency level (e.g., WIDA 3)
Time in Current School and Academic Program (Includes both attendances in the school and in
the program such as ELD, Literacy by Design, etc.).
True Peers: Comparison
Achievement data scores for EL being considered for intervention (Tier 2) should be compared with the
average achievement data scores of the true peer group compiled based on three True Peer Qualities.
While the number of true peers similar to the EL will vary, a minimum of 3-5 students should be
included in the comparison.
True Peer: Interpretation
EL achievement data scores that are consistent with the true peer group indicate the need for additional
Tier 1 instructional adjustments and NOT separate Tier 2 instruction.
Scores for the EL that deviate significantly from the true peer group provide additional evidence
corroborating the need for more intensive instruction (i.e., Tier 2)
Analysis with True Peers: Language Proficiency; Time in Program
Step 1: Identify other ELs in the same grade, in same school with similar Native and English proficiency
levels; time in program; and educational history as struggling learner;
Step 2. Determine the struggling learner's reading level such as AIMSweb (ORF)
Step 3. Calculate average AIMSweb reading score (ORF) of this group
Step 4. Complete gap analysis (CDE Formula) comparing struggling learner ORF reading score to average
of non struggling ELs with similar qualities
Extract from Dr. Hoover’s workshop “Distinguishing Differences from Disability - Interventions Implications”
Oct 23, 2013.