International Civil Aviation Organization
ACP-WG S
Webmeeting06
/ WP01
WORKING PAPER
AERONAUTICAL COMMUNICATIONS PANEL (ACP)
6th WEB MEETING OF THE WORKING GROUP S (Surface)
2 June, 2014
Spectrum Mask Measurement Methods and Results for AeroMACS
Presented by Yasuto Sumiya
Prepared by Naoki Kanada, Kazuyuki Morioka, Yasuto Sumiya, Naruto Yonemoto,
Akiko Kohmura, Shunichi Futatsumori, Makoto Shioji and Takeshi Tomita
Electronic Navigation Research Institute (ENRI) / Japan
SUMMARY
This paper describes spectrum mask measurement based on the current
AeroMACS draft SARPs. Current description of the spectrum mask in
AeroMACS draft SARPs has unclear and incompleteness. A unique and clear
description is necessary.
ACTION
The ACP WG-S is invite to recognize the problems and modify the
spectrum mask definition in current AeroMACS draft SARPs.
1.
INTRODUCTION
1.1
ENRI have developed AeroMACS Prototype System in our R&D program since FY2013.
We finished developing our mobile station (MS) of AeroMACS prototype system on the end of FY2013.
1.2
We checked the current AeroMACS draft SARPs using our MS. This paper describes
some issues in the session of spectrum mask on the draft SARPs.
2.
CURRENT SPECTRUM MASK AND ISSUES
2.1
Spectrum Mask in current AeroMACS draft SARPs is defined as follows:
3.5.1 The power spectral density of the emissions must be attenuated below the
output power of the transmitter as follows:
a) On any frequency removed from the assigned frequency between 0-45% of the
authorized bandwidth (BW): 0 dB.
b) On any frequency removed from the assigned frequency between 45-50% of the
authorized bandwidth: 568 log (%of (BW)/45) dB.
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c) On any frequency removed from the assigned frequency between 50-55% of the
authorized bandwidth: 26 + 145 log (% of BW/50) dB.
d) On any frequency removed from the assigned frequency between 55-100% of
the authorized bandwidth: 32 + 31 log (% of (BW)/55) dB.
e) On any frequency removed from the assigned frequency between 100-150% of
the authorized bandwidth: 40 +57 log (% of (BW)/100) dB.
f) On any frequency removed from the assigned frequency between above 150% of
the authorized bandwidth: 50 dB.
g) The zero dB reference is measured relative to the highest average power of the
fundamental emission measured across the designated channel bandwidth using a
resolution bandwidth of at least one percent of the occupied bandwidth of the
fundamental emission and a video bandwidth of 30 kHz. The power spectral
density is the power measured within the resolution bandwidth of the measurement
device divided by the resolution bandwidth of the measurement device. Emission
levels are also based on the use of measurement instrumentation employing a
resolution bandwidth of at least one percent of the occupied bandwidth.
2.2
There are 3 issues for the spectrum mask.
(1) The 0 dB reference level definition
(2) Settings for measurement
(3) Item a) : 47% bandwidth is necessary for downlink transmission
3. ACTION BY THE MEETING
3.1
ACP WG-S check presence of the other mobile stations complied with current spectrum mask of
the draft SARPs.
3.2
ACP WG-S is invited to recognize the issues and modify the spectrum mask definition in current
AeroMACS draft SARPs.
4.
REFERENCES
[1] ICAO: “Draft AeroMACS SARPs”, ICAO ACP WGS Webmeeting3 WP01, March 2014
[2] IEEE 802.16-2009 “IEEE Standard for Local and metropolitan area networks Part 16: Air Interface
for Broadband Wireless Access Systems,” May 2009
[3] K. Morioka, N. Kanada, Y. Sumiya, N. Yonemoto, A. Kohmura, S. Futatsumori, M. Shioji and T.
Tomita: “Preliminary Evaluation for AeroMACS Prototype Mobile Station,” 17th meeting of EUROCAE
WG82, May 2014
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ATTACHMENT A ISSUES FOR SPECTRUM MASK
We describe some examples about 3 issues for spectrum mask as follows:
1.1
The 0 dB reference level definition in Item g).
1.1.1 Which level is “Highest average power” ?
Figure A-1. Example of Multiple meaning of “Highest average power”
1.1.2 “At least one percent of the occupied bandwidth” include 50kHz and 5MHz
Figure A-2. Example of Multiple meaning of “at least one percent”
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Settings for measurement.
Multiple Measurement condition makes multiple measurement results.
Figure A-3. Example of Difference from Measurement Condition under Same Spectrum Mask
1.3
Item a) : 47% bandwidth is necessary for downlink fundamental emission.
Fundamental emission requires for DL signal bandwidth of BS (4.69MHz)
Figure A-4. Emission Requirements for Exceed of BS Downlink Signal
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ATTACHMENT B
RESULTS OF ANALYSIS USING OUR AEROMACS PROTOTYPE MS
1.
MEASUREMENT SYSTEM AND CONFIGURATION FOR
PROTOTYPE AEROMACS MOBILE STATION
1.1
Figure B-1 shows the appearance of our Mobile Station (MS). There are two antenna
connectors on the top of the MS. One is main antenna for Tx and Rx and the other is diversity antenna for
Rx. The MS is connected to Laptop PC (user terminal) by USB cable. Specifications of the MS are shown
in Table B-1. We can transmit the signal shown in Table 1 to the base station.
Figure B-1. AeroMACS Prototype MS (Manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.)
Table B-1. Specifications of AeroMACS MS
Item
Frequency
Channel Bandwidth
Subcarrier Spacing
Standards
Transmission Method
Modulation
Frame Length
Maximum Output Power
Size (mm)
Weight
Specification
Center Frequency: 5093.25～5147.5MHz, 250kHz step
5MHz bandwidth (FFT size =512)
10.94 kHz
PHY-MAC: IEEE P802.16 Rev2/D3, Feb 2008
OFDMA, Time Division Duplex (TDD)
Primary modulation: QPSK, 16QAM, and 64QAM
Secondary modulation: OFDMA
5 ms
+23dBm（200mW）
175 (W) x 122 (D) x35.5 (H)
360g (excluding antenna weight)
1.2
A system for spectrum the mask measurement is shown in the Figure B-2. A block
diagram of the measurement system is shown in the Figure B-3. In the Figure B-3, a red frame is the
prototype AeroMACS Mobile Station and a blue frame is Agilent E6651A WiMAX test set. The WiMAX
test set is connected to the Prototype AeroMACS Mobile Station by mixing its antenna terminals.
WiMAX Test Set is operated in SISO (Single-Input Single-Output) configuration. Output of the WiMAX
test set is configured to -50dBm, and output of the mobile station is set to +23dBm. Vector Spectrum
Analyzer (VSA) FSQ26 is connected via circulators and dual directional coupler in order to evaluate the
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signal from the Prototype AeroMACS Mobile Station and in order to avoid the influence of the signal
from the WiMAX test set. 20 dB fixed attenuator is inserted before VSA to reduce distortion.
Measurement is done in the anechoic chamber in order to avoid the influence of external noise. Power
source is supplied through a noise cut transformer.
Prototype
AeroMACS
Mobile Station
Dual Directional Coupler
Agilent E6651A
WiMAX Test Set
Agilent 87300C
Directional Coupler
3dB H-Coupler
Power Sensor
R&S FSQ26
Figure B-2. Measurement System Overview
Prototype
AeroMACS
Mobile Station
Div
HRS HDH-06003GH(40)
Main Agilent 87300C
Directional Coupler
3dB H-Coupler
Advanced Technical Materials
ATc3-6 Circulators
RF 1
-10dB
RF 2
Agilent 8491B
10dB ATT
Agilent 772D
Dual Directional Coupler
-20dB
Agilent E9323A
Power Sensor
Agilent E4417A
Power Meter
Agilent E6651A
WiMAX Test Set
Agilent 8491B
20dB ATT
ROHDE&SCHWARZ FSQ26
Vector Signal Analyzer
Figure B-3. Measurement System Block Diagram
Table B-2. Measurements Configurations
Frequency SPAN:
Resolution Bandwidth (RBW):
Video Bandwidth (VBW):
Sweep Points:
Sweep Time:
Sweep Mode:
Detector:
Trace:
Mobile Station Output Power:
1.3
development.
20 MHz
10 kHz (~ OFDM Subcarrier Step)
30 kHz
1001
5 sec. (Frame Length 5ms for each 1001 sweep points)
Continuous
Max Peak
Max Hold
+23dBm
This measurement is done only for mobile stations. Base stations are currently under
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2.
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MEASUREMENT RESULTS
2.1
The spectrum mask of AeroMACS is defined relatively. Therefore, item g) of the mask,
definition for 0 dB reference, decides the spectrum mask. In the following measurement，modified item
g’) “0dB reference is defined as the maximum peak of the spectrum.”
2.2
Measurement results are shown in the Figure B-4. Device Under Test (DUT) is our
mobile station No.1. Center frequency is 5120 MHz. Uplink modulations are 16QAM and QPSK. Red
line shows the spectrum mask defined in AeroMACS draft SARPs. In these cases, measured spectra
consistent with the mask and the mobile station No.1 complies with the spectrum mask.
0
0
5120MHz 16QAM ATT=20dB,
RBW=10K
-10
-20
-20
-30
5120MHz 16QAM
-40
Emission Mask (SARPs draft)
-50
-60
Power (dBm)
Power (dBm)
-30
5120MHz QPSK
-40
-60
-70
-80
-80
Frequency (Hz)
-90
Emission Mask (SARPs draft)
-50
-70
Frequency (Hz)
-90
5.130E+9
5.128E+9
5.126E+9
5.124E+9
5.122E+9
5.120E+9
5.118E+9
5.116E+9
5.114E+9
5.112E+9
-100
5.110E+9
5.130E+9
5.128E+9
5.126E+9
5.124E+9
5.122E+9
5.120E+9
5.118E+9
5.116E+9
5.114E+9
5.112E+9
5.110E+9
-100
5120MHz QPSK ATT=20dB,
RBW=10K
-10
Figure B-4. Spectrum measurement results and mask of the mobile station No.1
2.3
The other measurement results are shown in the Figure B-5. DUTs are mobile station No.
3 in the left graph and No. 4 in the right graph. Center frequency is 5095 MHz. Uplink modulation is
QPSK. Gray lines show the measurement results. Red lines show the spectrum mask defined in
AeroMACS draft SARPs. In this case, the maximum excess for No.3 mobile station is 1.19 dB at 5092.16
MHz and the maximum excess for No.4 is 0.16 dB at 5097.86 MHz.
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0
0
5095MHz QPSK AeroHi13
ATT=20dB, RBW=10K
-10
-20
-20
-30
-30
5095MHz QPSK AeroHi13
Emission Mask (SARPs draft)
-60
Power (dBm)
Power (dBm)
-40
-50
-40
5095MHz QPSK AeroHi14
-50
-70
-80
-80
-90
Frequency (Hz)
Frequency (Hz)
5.105E+9
5.103E+9
5.101E+9
5.099E+9
5.097E+9
5.095E+9
5.093E+9
5.091E+9
5.089E+9
5.087E+9
5.085E+9
-100
5.105E+9
5.103E+9
5.101E+9
5.099E+9
5.097E+9
5.095E+9
5.093E+9
5.091E+9
5.089E+9
5.087E+9
5.085E+9
-100
Emission Mask (SARPs draft)
-60
-70
-90
5095MHz QPSK AeroHi14
ATT=20dB, RBW=10K
-10
Figure B-5. Spectra measurement results
2.4
We discuss effects of changing measurement conditions. Measurement results in different
RBWs in the Figure B-6. RBW = 50 kHz (This value is chosen as “at least one percent of the occupied
bandwidth of the fundamental emission” in spectrum mask item g). ) and VBW = 30 kHz is drawn in
gray lines in the Figure. RBW = 10 kHz and VBW = 30kHz is drawn in blue lines in the Figure. Red lines
show the spectrum mask defined in draft SARPs. In these cases, gray lines exceed the mask and blue
lines comply with the mask.
0
0
-6.816319
5120MHz QPSK ATT=20dB, RBW=10K
+50K
-10
-16.81632
-10
-26.81632
-20
-7.339619
5120MHz 16QAM ATT=20dB, RBW=10K
+50K
-17.33962
Power (RBW=50K)
-20
Power (RBW=50K)
Emission Mask (SARPs draft)
Power (RBW=10K)
-30
-60
-66.81632
-70
-80
-90
-37.33962
Abs Mask (RBW=10K)
-40
-47.33962
-50
-57.33962
-60
-67.33962
-76.81632
-70
-77.33962
-86.81632
-80
-87.33962
-96.81632
-90
-97.33962
Frequency (Hz)
Frequency (Hz)
-106.8163
-107.3396
5.130E+9
5.128E+9
5.126E+9
5.124E+9
5.122E+9
5.120E+9
5.118E+9
5.116E+9
5.114E+9
5.112E+9
-100
5.110E+9
5.130E+9
5.128E+9
5.126E+9
5.124E+9
5.122E+9
5.120E+9
5.118E+9
5.116E+9
5.114E+9
5.112E+9
5.110E+9
-100
Power (RBW=10K)
-56.81632
Power (RBW=50K)
-50
Power (RBW=10K)
Power (RBW=50K)
-46.81632
Power (RBW=10K)
-30
-36.81632
Abs Mask (RBW=10K)
-40
-27.33962
Emission Mask (SARPs draft)
Figure B-6. Comparison results of RBW = 50 kHz and 10 kHz for the mobile station No.1
2.5
Our prototype mobile stations satisfy the spectrum mask in many cases. However, in
some cases, the mobile stations exceed the mask. Compliance also depends on the measurement
conditions.
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CONCLUSIONS
3.1
and uniquely.
The 0 dB reference level definition in the spectrum mask should be defined absolutely
3.2
draft SARPs.
Measurement conditions and parameters should be described in a technical manual of the
3.3
Spectral mask in draft SARPs should be described clearly to avoid misreading. Especially,
it is necessary to amend a text of item g) because the text may cause confusion.
3.4
94% bandwidth is necessary for downlink fundamental emission.
***END***