State (name, date of regulation reviewed)
Alabama (Ch 420-3-1, 7/17/2006)
Alaska (18 AAC 72, 7/23/2008)
Arizona (Title 18, Chapter 9 , 7/23/2008)
Arkansas (A.C.A. 14-236-101 et seq.,
12/16/2007
California (Cal. Admin. Code title. 25, s 30,
7/20/2007)
Colorado (Guidelines 2000, 7/17/2006)
Connecticut (PHC 19-13-103, 1/2007)
Pertinent excerpt
hard, clean gravel or rock that has been washed with
water under pressure over a screen during or after
grading to remove fine material, and that has a hardness
value of 3 or greater on Moh’s Scale of Hardness.
Properly sized loose aggregate has a minimum size of
one-quarter (1/4) inch and a maximum size of two and
one half (2-1/2) inches. The drain media, material, or
device is durable and inert; will maintain its integrity and
not collapse or disintegrate with time; will not generate
a harmful leachate; and will not be detrimental to the
system or the environment.
“Distribution rock” – not otherwise defined
“Aggregate” means a clean graded hard rock, volcanic
rock, or gravel of uniform size, between 3/4 inch and
2 1/2 inches in diameter, offering 30 percent or more
void space, washed or prepared to be free of fine
materials that will impair absorption surface
performance, and has a hardness value of three or
greater on the Moh’s Scale of
Hardness (can scratch a copper penny).
…lateral lines shall be surrounded by clean, graded
gravel, washed rock, or other approved aggregate. The
aggregate material may range in size from 1/4 inch to 11/2 inches. Cinders, broken shell and similar material
are not approved.
One page, no useful information provided
All of the gravel or stone shall pass a 2 1/2 inch screen
and shall be retained on a 3/4-inch screen.
Approved aggregate means stone aggregate, two (2)
inch nominal tire chip aggregate, or other product
approved by the Commissioner of Public Health…
Stone aggregate means broken or crushed stones, or
screened gravel meeting Department of Transportation
Form 816 Specification M.01.01 for No. 4 stone (Sieve
sizes 3/8 through 2-inch as shown below or latest
specification) and the sieve gradation for the #200 and
#40 sieve shown below based on a wet sieve test. Stone
aggregate (previously “one-inch broken stone”) shall be
free of silt, dirt or debris, and shall show a loss of
abrasion of not more than 50% using AASHTO Method T96, and when tested for soundness using AASHTO
Method T-104 not have a loss of more than 15% at the
end of 5 cycles. SIEVE SIZE PERCENT PASSING (by weight)
2-inch
100
1.5-inch
90 – 100
1-inch
20 – 55
3/4-inch
0 – 15
Delaware (40-08-05, 04/07/01)
Florida (64E-6 FAC, 7/23/2008)
Georgia (Chapter 290-5-26, 4,1,2007)
3/8-inch
0–5
#40
0-3
#200
0 – 1.5
Filter Aggregate: Washed gravel or crushed stone
ranging in size from 3/4" to 2 l/2" in any dimension and
clean and free of fine materials (dust) or meeting grading
specifications in Section 6.01042.
Filter aggregate must come from a supplier approved by
the Department. Storage and cleaning procedures must
be approved by DNREC before supplier can be included
on approved list. Random inspection of supply pits and
supplier’s storage facilities shall be performed by the
Department.
Sieve Size
Percentage Passing Sieve
2 ½”
100% minimum
2”
100% minimum
1 ½”
100% minimum
1”
100% minimum
½”
50% maximum
#4
10% maximum
#8
0% maximum
When installing a drainfield system that uses mineral
aggregate, all portions of the header pipe and perforated
drain pipe shall be installed in aggregate conforming to
ASTM C33-86 or lightweight aggregate conforming to
ASTM C330-87 meeting State of Florida Department of
Transportation (FDOT) specifications under Section 901,
“Standard Specifications for Road and Bridge
Construction, 1991” and the following gradation
requirements.
SIEVE SIZE
PERCENT PASSING (by weight)
2-inch
90- 100
1.5-inch
35 – 100
1-inch
15 – 100
3/4-inch
0 – 70
½ inch
0- 50
3/8-inch
0 – 30
#4
0-5
In addition, not more than 3.75% by weight of the
aggregate material at the point of use shall pass a #200
sieve.
Approved materials for drainfield mineral aggregate shall
be limestone, slag, quartz rock, granite, river gravel,
recycled crushed concrete, lightweight aggregate and
other equally durable materials. (Separate code section
for tire chips).
“Aggregate” means washed gravel or washed stone
meeting the Georgia Department of
Transportation standards for hardness or other materials
Hawaii (Ch 62 Title 11, 1/14/2004)
Idaho (58.01.03, 7/17/2006)
Illinois (Title 77, Ch 1, Pt 905, 7/23/2008)
Indiana (Rule 410 IAC 6-8.1, 7/23/2008)
Iowa (IAC Ch 68, 9/10/2008)
Kansas (no regulations retrieved)
Kentucky (902 KAR 10, 7/23/2008)
approved by the Department that shall
be one half inch (1/2”) to two inches (2") in diameter.
Gravel or crushed stone shall be washed and shall range
in size from three-fourths to two and one-half inches.
Aggregate. The trench aggregate shall be crushed rock,
gravel, or other acceptable, durable and inert material
which is, free of fines, and has an effective diameter
from one-half (1/2) to two and one-half (2 1/2) inches.
The bedding material shall be clean gravel or clean stone
that is free of mud, silt, or clay, with particle size ranging
from 3/4 inch minimum to 4 inches maximum.
Aggregate to be used in absorption systems shall be
gravel, stone or other approved materials. Crushed
limestone, if used, must have a hardness of not less than
three (3) on the Mohs scale of hardness.
Aggregate shall be a mixture with no aggregate smaller
in size than one-half (1/2) inch in diameter nor any
aggregate larger than two and one-half (2 1/2) inches in
diameter. The aggregate must be larger than the
openings in the laterals. Fines, dust, sand, and clay shall
be removed from the aggregate prior to its placement in
the trench.
“Gravel” means stone screened from river sand or
quarried. Concrete aggregate designated as Class
II by the department of transportation is acceptable.
Gravel. A minimum of 6 inches of clean, washed river
gravel, free of clay and clay coatings, shall be laid below
the distribution pipe, and enough gravel shall be used to
cover the pipe. This gravel shall be of such a size that 100
percent will pass a 2½-inch screen and 100 percent will
be retained on a ¾-inch screen. Limestone or crushed
rock is not recommended for soil absorption systems. If
used it shall meet the following criteria:
(1) Abrasion loss. The percent wear, as determined in
accordance with the AASHTO T 96, Grading C, shall not
exceed 40 percent.
(2) Freeze and thaw loss. When subjected to the freezing
and thawing test, Iowa DOT Materials Laboratory Test
Method 211, Method A, the percentage loss shall not
exceed 10 percent.
(3) Absorption. The percent absorption, determined in
accordance with Iowa DOT Materials Laboratory Test
Method 202, shall not exceed 3 percent.
(4) Gradation. The aggregate shall have not more than
1.5 percent by weight pass a No. 16 sieve
(a) River gravel or crushed dolomitic limestone shall be
used for bedding and trench fill material for
conventional gravity flow lateral lines. Foreign matter,
Louisiana (Title 51, Part XIII, 7/23/2008)
Maine (10-144 CMR 241, 8/1/2005)
Maryland (CMR 26.04.02, 7/23/2008)
Massachusetts (310-CMR 15.000 Title 5,
7/23/2008)
Michigan (single family locally regulated)
Minnesota (Ch 7080, 9/10/2008)
Mississippi (Regulation 2.0, 1/11/2006)
dust, and fines shall be removed. Such material shall be
of sufficient hardness to attain a three (3) on the Moh's
Scale (material hard enough to scratch a copper penny
without crumbling or powdering shall be considered
acceptable). Such material shall conform to the sizing
standards and specifications of the Kentucky
Transportation Cabinet for No. 2, No. 23, and No. 4
coarse aggregates, except that other grades may be used
if they are in conformance with the general
requirements of this paragraph and are acceptable to
the cabinet. A size range of three-quarters (3/4) inch to
two and one-half (2 1/2) inches in rough diameter shall
be used, and material shall be graded for uniformity in
size.
(b) Other materials such as blast furnace slag may be
considered for usage if such materials can meet or
exceed all of the requirements of paragraph (a) of this
subsection.
Where conventional field pipe is used, it must be
surrounded by clean graded gravel or rock, broken, hardburned clay brick or similar material. The bed material
may range in size from 1/2 inch to 2.5 inches.
Disposal field stone: Gravel or crushed stone, that is
clean and free of dust, ashes or clay, and meeting the
requirements prescribed in the Subsection 805.2.3.
Stone requirements: The disposal field stone shall be
clean, uniform in size and free of fines, dust, ashes, or
clay. It shall conform to one of the nominal stone sizes
listed in Table 800.1.
SIEVE SIZE
Max. PERCENT PASSING (by weight)
Nominal Size
2.5
2
1.5
1
3/4
4-inch
100 100 100 100 100
3-inch
90 95
100 100 100
2-inch
10 10
90
95 100
1-inch
5
5
10
10
90
3/4-inch
4
4
5
5
10
½ inch
3
3
4
4
5
1/4-inch
2
2
3
3
4
#200
2
2
2
2
2
The gravel shall be free of fines and be between 3/4 inch
and 2 inches in size
…shall consist of double washed stone ranging from ¾ to
1½ inches in diameter and shall be free of iron particles,
fines and dust in place.
Drainfield Rock, no specifications given
Aggregate System - any subsurface disposal system that
utilizes gravel/crushed stone, tire chips, or other
approved aggregate media.
Missouri (19 CSR 20-3, 9/30/2005)
Montana (ARM 17.36.100-900, 7/23/2008)
Nebraska (Title 124, 9/10/2008)
Nevada (NAC 444, 9/10/2008)
New Hampshire (ENV- Wq 1000, 9/10/2008)
New Jersey (NJAC 7:9a, 8/15/1999)
Trench rock. Clean rock, washed creek gravel or similar
insoluble, durable and decay-resistant material free from
dust, sand, silt or clay. The size shall range from one
inch to two and one-half inches (1".2 1/2"). If limestone,
dolomite or other crushed white rock is used, it shall be
washed and be a minimum size of one and one-half
inches (1 1/2"); Rock used in soil absorption systems
shall be clean gravel or crushed stone, and graded or
sized between one and one-half and three inches (1 1/2
3") with no more than ten percent (10%) material to
pass through a one half inch (1/2") screen.
Drain rock means the rock or coarse aggregate used in
an absorption system, drainfield, sand mound, or sand
filter. Drain rock must be washed, be a maximum of 2 ½
inches in diameter and larger than the orifice size unless
shielding is provided to protect the orifice, and contain
no more than 2 percent passing the No. 8 sieve. The
material must be of sufficient competency to resist
slaking or dissolution. Gravels of shale, sandstone, or
limestone may degrade and may not be used.
"Filter material" means washed-gravel, crushed stone,
slag, clean gravel, or tire chips ranging in size from 1/4 to
2 1/2 inches. The filter media shall be free of clay, silt
and rubber crumbs. Tire chips shall be 95 % free of
metal. Crushed stone shall be durable and
noncalcareous.
“Aggregate” means gravel, rock, drain rock or any similar
medium used for absorption.
Approved septic stone shall be clean, uniformly-sized
washed crushed stone, washed rock, or similar
aggregate, 1.5 inch, free of fines, with a range of 0.75
inches to 2.5 inches, in accordance with Table
1014-2, below.
Approved septic stone shall meet the sieve size and
percent passing by weight requirements in accordance
with AASHTO, 27th edition, test method T011-85, which
replaces AASHTO, 17th edition, test method T 11-85, and
which applies to septic stone available for retail
purchase, as set forth in Table 1014-2, below:
Table 1014-2 Approved Septic Stone Requirements
SIEVE SIZE
PERCENT PASSING By Weight
2 inch
100
1 inch
90 - 100
3/4 inch
0 - 20
#4
0-5
#200
0 - 1.5
The filter material shall be washed gravel or crushed
stone, free of fines, dust, ashes or clay. Refer to
the New Jersey Department of Transportation standard
New Mexico (NMAC 20.7.3, 7/23/2008)
New York (10NYCRR APPENDIX 75-A,
7/18/2006)
North Carolina (15A NCAC 18A .1900,
1/1/1999)
North Dakota (Ch 62-03.1-03, 2/23/2008)
Ohio (OAC 3701-29, 7/23/2008)
sizes for coarse aggregates as shown in Figure 26 of
Appendix A. The filter material shall conform in size and
gradation to size number 24, size number three or size
number four.
#24
SIEVE SIZE
PERCENT PASSING By Weight
3 inch
100
2 1/2 inch
90 – 100
1 ½ inch
25 - 60
3/4 inch
0 - 10
½ inch
0-5
#3
SIEVE SIZE
PERCENT PASSING By Weight
2 1/2 inch
100
2 inch
90 – 100
1 ½ inch
35 - 70
1 inch
0 - 15
½ inch
0–5
#4
SIEVE SIZE
PERCENT PASSING By Weight
2 inch
100
1 1/2 inch
90 – 100
1 inch
30 - 55
3/4 inch
0 - 15
3/8 inch
0–5
“aggregate” means clean washed gravel (no greater than
4% fines by weight), clean crushed rock, proprietary or
other media reviewed by the technical advisory
committee and approved by the department;
“aggregate” shall have a minimum size of 3/4 inch and a
maximum size of 2 1/2 inches and provide no less than
35% void space under field conditions; the aggregate
shall be durable, inert, and shall have a hardness value of
3 or more on the Mohs scale of hardness so it will
maintain its integrity, not collapse or disintegrate with
time, and not be detrimental to the performance of the
system;
Aggregate - washed gravel or crushed stone 3/4 - 1 1/2
inches in diameter. Larger diameter material or finer
substances and run-of-bank gravel are unacceptable.
Rock used in soil absorption systems shall be clean,
washed gravel or crushed stone and graded or sized in
accordance with size numbers 3, 4, 5, 57, or 6 of ASTM
D-448 (standard sizes of coarse aggregate) which is
hereby adopted by reference...
The filter material may be washed rock or crushed stone
ranging in size from one inch to three inches [2.54
centimeters to 7.62 centimeters].
Gravel shall be washed or thoroughly rinsed to avoid the
Oklahoma (Title 252, Ch 641, 7/11/2008)
Oregon (OAR 340, div 71 & 73,
Pennsylvania (Title 25, Ch 73, 7/23/2008)
Rhode Island (Unnumbered rules,1/1/2008)
South Carolina (Regulation 61-56, 7/2002)
South Dakota (Article 74:53.01, 7/18/2006)
Tennessee (Ch 1200-1-6, 7/23/2008)
accumulation of fines in the trench and shall meet an
AASHTO M 43 sizing for coarse aggregate with at least
seventy per cent by weight in the range of three-fourth
to one and one-half inch.
Media size. Storage media shall be one-half to two and
one-half inches (1/2" to 2-1/2") in diameter with no
more than ten percent (10%) by weight passing through
a one-half inch (1/2") screen. Media with specific gravity
of less than 1.0. If the specific gravity of the storage
media is less than 1.0, it shall be bundled with a netting
sleeve. Resistant to degradation. The storage media
shall be non-degradable by septic tank effluent.
Hardness of natural media. Natural materials
(e.g., rock, etc.) used as storage media shall have a
Mohs hardness of at least 3.0.
"Drain Media" means clean washed gravel or clean,
crushed rock with a minimum size of 3/4 inch and a
maximum size of 2-1/2 inches used in the distribution of
effluent. The material must be durable and inert so that
it will maintain its integrity, will not collapse or
disintegrate with time, and will not be detrimental to the
performance of the system.
Aggregate—Coarse material manufactured from stone,
gravel or slag, having Type B characteristics as described
in Department of Transportation specifications, Form
408, section 703.3, Table B and uniform size and grading
equivalent to American Association of State Highway and
Transportation Officials No. 57, as described in Form
408, section 703.3, 2 Table C.
Stone- The stone used in the leachfield shall consist of
double washed stone ranging from not less than three
quarter (¾) inch to not more than two (2) inches in size
and free of fines, soils, stone dust or debris.
Coarse aggregate used in individual sewage disposal
systems shall be of a material approved by the Health
Authority and shall range in size from one half (1/2) inch
to two and one half (2 ½) inches. Fines must be
prohibited,
The trench shall be constructed with a fill material
consisting of washed gravel, crushed stone, slag, or clean
bank run gravel ranging in size from 1/2 inch to 2 1/2
inches in diameter.
Media for the disposal fields shall consist of crushed
rock, gravel or other suitable material as approved by
the department, and shall be size number 2, 3, 4, or 24
coarse aggregate, as defined by ASTM D-448-86. The
material shall be free from dust, sand, clay or excessive
fines. At least ninety (90) percent of the material must
pass a two and one-half (2 1/2) inch screen and not
Texas (TAC Title 30, Pt 1 Ch 285, 7/23/2008)
Utah (Rule R317-4, 7/1/2007)
Vermont Env. Prot. Rules, Chapter 1.
1/1/2005)
Virginia (Ch 610, 7/1/2000)
Washington (Ch 246-272 & 272A WAC,
9/15/2005)
West Virginia (Title 64, series XX, 7/1/2003)
Wisconsin (Ch Comm 83, 7/2007)
Wyoming (part D, 7/18/2006)
more than five (5) percent may pass a one-half (1/2) inch
screen.
(B) Media. The media shall consist of clean, washed and
graded gravel, broken concrete, rock, crushed stone,
chipped tires, or similar aggregate that is generally one
uniform size and approved by the executive director. The
size of the media must range from 0.75 - 2.0 inches as
measured along its greatest dimension except as noted
in clause (i) of this subparagraph.
(i) If chipped tires are used:
(I) a geotextile fabric heavier than specified in
subparagraph (E) of this paragraph must be used; and
(II) the size of the chipped tires must not exceed three
inches as measured along their greatest dimension.
(ii) Soft media such as oyster shell and soft limestone
shall not be used.
The stone or "gravel" fill used in absorption trenches
shall consist of crushed stone, gravel, or similar material,
ranging from 3/4 to 2 1/2 inches in diameter. It shall be
free from fines, dust, sand, or organic material and shall
be durable, and resistant to slaking and dissolution. The
maximum fines in the gravel shall be two percent by
weight passing through a US Standard #10 mesh (two
millimeter) sieve.
Crushed stone means clean, durable stone no smaller
than ¾” or larger than 1-1/2” in diameter.
Clean gravel or crushed stone having a size range from
1/2 inch to 1-1/2 inches shall be utilized to bed the
gravity percolation lines. Clean sand, gravel or crushed
stone shall be free of fines, clay and organic materials
"Drainrock" means clean washed gravel or crushed rock
ranging in size from three-quarters inch to two and onehalf inches, and containing no more than two percent by
weight passing a US No. 8 sieve and no more than one
percent by weight passing a US No. 200 sieve.
Aggregate used in the construction of a soil absorption
field shall be washed gravel, crushed stone, or slag, onehalf (½) to two and one-half (2½) inches in size, with
a hardness of three (3) on the Moh scale of hardness.
Called distribution cells, no mention of terms aggregate,
rock, stone or gravel in code.
Soil absorption system stone shall be sized between 1/2inch to 2 1/2-inches. The stone shall be free from sand,
silt, and clay.