Name:
Date:
Section:
Science
Vocabulary to know: vocab can be found in textbook.
Population:
Community:
Competition:
Adaptation:
Symbiosis:
Predator:
Prey:
Succession:
Extinction:
Habitat:
Pollution:
Things to know:
The three types of symbiosis, and an example of each:
Mutualism- both organisms benefit. Examples would be the rhino and the oxpeckers. The birds eat the
insects that bother the rhino and get dinner, the rhino gets relief from the insects. Both benefit.
Commensalism- Only one organism benefits, the other is not affected. An example is the relationship
between sharks and remoras. A remora attaches itself to the shark for protection, and is able to eat
scraps from the shark’s meal. The shark isn’t affected much, but the remora benefits.
Parasitism- One organism benefits and the other is harmed. Organism that benefits is a parasite; the one
that is harmed is the host. Examples are roundworms and tapeworms that live in their hosts intestines.
They absorb food from their hosts, harming or killing them.
What things do organisms compete for in an ecosystem?
Food, water, shelter, space
What is the physical environment and what does it include?
Includes the sun, water, air, soil, climate, which are part of the environment.
What is a predator/prey relationship?
The animal that eats the other animals is called a predator. The prey is the animal that gets eaten
Name and describe primary succession with an example. What are the results of this?
Primary succession begins with bare rock. The first plants to grow are lichens, are pioneer plants. They
can grow without soil and survive harsh conditions. Eventually other plants and animals will flourish
here. Primary succession is the beginning stage of a new ecosystem, and slowly, over time, it will build
up gradually until it is mature, and stable, and the changes stop. This is known as climax community.
Name and describe secondary succession with an example. What are the results of this?
Secondary succession helps rebuild and restore damaged ecosystems. This happens in areas where
there is already a base of soil. This happens after some sort of natural disaster such as a forest fire, or
volcanic eruption has damaged the original ecosystem.
What ways can you protect ecosystems?
Ride a bike, use less electricity, donate clothes to charities, use glasses and dishes instead of paper or
plastic
What do animals need to survive?
Food, water, shelter, space
Know the following biomes:
Rainforest- Hot and humid, rains about 80 inches a year. Animals include sloths, monkeys, frogs,
birds such as the tucan, etc. Can be found in South America, Africa, and Aisa.
Temperate- Cool/cold winters, and warm/hot summers. Average rain and snow. Animals include
deer, skunks, raccoons, etc. We live in a temperate biome.
Desert- hot during day, cold at night, dry. Animals include snakes, desert fox, lizards, camels,
etc. Plants include catcti.
Arctic- very cold, snow and ice all year. Animals like the arctic fox, polar bear, seals, walrus.
Located in the North Pole, or Arctic Circle.