2014 Biology Spring Final Review
Your spring final will consist of 50 multiple choice questions at 2 point a question.
This review sheet is due the day of your final! Don’t forget it!
Genetics – Chapter 14
 Crossing-over

Diploid vs Haploid

Gamete

Chromosomal mutation

Cancer

Gene

Allele

Genotype vs Phenotype

Homozygous vs. Heterozygous

Dominant vs Recessive

Incomplete dominance vs. Codominance

Polygenic trait

Be able to:
o
Set up and predict outcomes using a Punnett Squares
o
Write genotypic and phenotypic ratios
o
Use ratios to predict offspring’s possible phenotypes and genotypes
o
Determine genotypes of parents from offspring phenotypes
o
Interpret a Karyotype  identify chromosomal mutation
o
Read results of DNA Fingerprinting
o
Read and interpret a Pedigree
Cells vs Viruses – Chapter 19

Prokaryotic Cell vs

Viral Reproduction

Antibiotic
vs
Eukaryotic Cell
Lytic cycle
Vaccine
vs
Lysogenic Cycle
All Cells
Virus
Structure
Genetic Material
Energy
Reproduction

Immune Response
o
1st
2nd
3rd

Be able to identify how the integumentary and circulatory systems work with the immune system.

Helpful Bacteria in humans
vs
Harmful Bacteria in humans
EVOLUTION – Chapter 15-17
What is Evolution?
Be able to match the Mechanisms of Evolution to examples:
Gene flow
Genetic Drift
Mutation
Sexual Selection
Natural Selection
Artificial Selection
What is the theory of Common ancestry?
How do scientists use the following types of evidence to study evolution? Know examples of each
Fossils
Homologous Structures
Embryological Development
Artificial Selection
DNA sequencing
Taxonomy – Chapter 18
Understand how to use Linnaeus’ system of classification to show relationship between species:
Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species.
Know how to use binomial nomenclature and be able to compare evolutionary relationships of species
What is a dichotomous key? How do you read one? Be able to compare relationship of species using a D.Key.
To able to compare and identify characteristics of each kingdom
Archeabacteria
Eubacteria
Protista
Fungi
Plants
Animal
Domain
Prokaryote or
Eukaryote
Cell wall makeup
(made up of)
Unicellular or
Multicellular
Autotroph or
Heterotroph
ECOLOGY – Chapter 3-4

Know the levels of organization (from largest to smallest):
Biosphere  Ec osystem  Community  Population  Individual

What happens to the amount of available energy at each trophic level? Explain the 10% Energy Law.

How does an ecosystem maintain balance?

What is the purpose of decomposers? Why are decomposers necessary for an ecosystem?

For each scenario be able to identify what type of adaptation is described (structural, functional, behavioral). Then
state how that adaptation is helping the organism maintain homeostasis in regards to conserving/releasing energy
and/or nutrients.
Be able to identify examples of community interactions and symbiotic relationships:
Predation
Competition
Commensalism
Mutualism
Be able to identify examples of succession:
Parasitism
Primary Succession:
Secondary Succession:
Be able to identify types of beneficial bacteria in the environment and identify HOW they are helping the environment.
 Nitrogen-fixing bacteria

Decomposers
Changes in an Ecosystem  questions like your last test!
 Be able to explain how limited resources lead to competition which affects the ecosystem.

Be able to explain how abiotic and biotic factors affect the equilibrium of a population/ecosystem

Be able to describe how environmental change can impact ecosystem stability.