DISSOCIATION IN POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER 1 ONLINE SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL References for Tables in Carlson, Dalenberg, & McDade-Montez: Part I Angelini, F., Kumar, V.K., Pekala, R.J. (2001). The importance of fantasy-proneness in dissociation: A replication. Contemporary Hypnosis, 18(4), 204-214. Becker-Lausen, E., Sanders, B., & Chinsky, J.M. (1995 ). Mediation of abusive childhood experiences: Depression, dissociation, and negative life outcomes. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 65, 560-573. Bernstein, E.M., & Putnam, F.W. (1986). Development, reliability, and validity of a dissociation scale. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 174(12), 727-735. Bremner, J.D., Southwick, S., Brett, E., & Fontana, A. (1992). Dissociation and posttraumatic stress disorder in Vietnam combat veterans. American Journal of Psychiatry, 149(3), 328-332. Bremner, J.D., Steinberg, M., Southwick, S.M., & Johnson, D.R. (1993). Use of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Dissociative Disorders for systematic assessment of dissociative symptoms in posttraumatic stress disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 150(7), 1011-1014. Brewin, C.R., & Sanders, J. (2001). The effect of dissociation at encoding on intrusive memories for a stressful film. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 74(4), 467. Briere, J. (1988). The long-term clinical correlates of childhood sexual abuse victimization. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 528, 327-334. DISSOCIATION IN POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER 2 Briere, J. (2002). Multidimensional Dissociation Inventory. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources. Briere, J., & Elliott, D. (2000). Prevalence, characteristics, and long-term sequelae of natural disaster exposure in the general population. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 13(4), 661-679. Briere, J., Elliott, D.M., Harris, K., & Cotman, A. (1995). Trauma Symptom Inventory: Psychometrics and association with childhood and adult trauma in clinical samples. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 10, 387-401. Briere, J., Evans, D., & Runtz, M.W., T. (1988). Symptomatology in men who were molested as children: A comparison study. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 58, 457-461. Briere, J., Hodges, M., & Godbout, N. (2010). Traumatic stress, affect dysregulation, and dysfunctional avoidance: a structural equation model. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 23, 767-774. Briere, J., & Runtz, M. (1987). Post sexual abuse trauma: Data and implications for clinical practice. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, Vol.2(4), pp. Briere, J., & Runtz, M. (1988). Symptomatology associated with childhood sexual victimization in a nonclinical adult sample. Child Abuse and Neglect, 12, 51-59. Briere, J., & Runtz, M. (1989). The Trauma Symptom Checklist (TSC-33): Early data on a new scale. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, Vol.4(2), pp. Briere, J., & Runtz, M. (1990). Augmenting Hopkins SCL scales to measure dissociative symptoms: Data from two non-clinical samples. Journal of Personality Assessment, 55, 376-379. Briere, J., Scott, C., & Weathers, F. (2005). Peritraumatic and persistent dissociation in the presumed etiology of PTSD. The American Journal Of Psychiatry, 162, 2295-2301. DISSOCIATION IN POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER 3 Britton, W.B., & Bootzin, R.R. (2004). Near death experiences and the temporal lobe. Psychological Science, 15, 254-258. Cardeña , E.B., Koopman, C., Classen, C., Waelde, L.C., & Spiegel, D. (2000). Psychometric properties of the Stanford Acute Stress Reaction Questionnaire (SASRQ): A valid and reliable measure of acute stress. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 13(4), 719-734. Cardeña , E.B., & Spiegel, D. (1993). Dissociative reactions to the San Francisco Bay Earthquake of 1989. American Journal of Psychiatry, 150, 474-478 Carlier, I.V., Fouwels, A.J., Gersons, B.P., & Lamberts, R.D. (1996). PTSD in relation to dissociation in traumatized police officers. American Journal of Psychiatry, 153, 1325-1328. Carlson, E.B., & Dalenberg, C. (2009). The role of dissociation in PTSD: Empirical Findings on Dissociation, Traumatic Stress Exposure, and PTSD. Paper presented at the International Society of Traumatic Stress Studies, Atlanta, GA. Carlson, E.B., Dalenberg, C., Armstrong, J., Daniels, J.W., Loewenstein, R., & Roth, D. (2001). Multivariate prediction of posttraumatic symptoms in psychiatric inpatients. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 14(3), 549-567. Carlson, E.B., Field, N., Ruzek, J., & Spain, D.A. (2007). Predicting posttraumatic outcomes in hospital patients with traumatic injuries and in family members. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the International Society of Traumatic Stress Studies. Carlson, E.B., Garvert, D.W., Ruzek, J.I., & Burling, T.A. (2011). Trauma exposure and posttraumatic symptoms in homeless veterans. Manuscript submitted for publication. Carlson, E.B., Waelde, L., Smith, S., Palmieri, P., & McDade-Montez, E. (2011). Development and validation of the Traumatic Dissociation Scale. Manuscript submitted for publication. DISSOCIATION IN POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER 4 Chu, J.A., & Dill, D.L. (1990). Dissociative symptoms in relation to childhood physical and sexual abuse. American Journal of Psychiatry, 147, 887-892. Curry, V., Etter, D.W., & Carlson, E.B. (2011). Trauma exposure and posttraumatic symptoms in Iraqi police recruits. Manuscript submitted for publication. Dancu, C.V., Riggs, D.S., Hearst-Ikeda, D., Foa, E.B., & Shoyer, B.G. (1996). Dissociative experiences and posttraumatic stress disorder among female victims of criminal assault and rape. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 9(2), 253-267. Davis, J.L., Petretic-Jackson, P.A., & Ting, L. (2001). Intimacy dysfunction and trauma symptomatology: Long-term correlates of different types of child abuse. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 14, 63-79. Dell, P.F. (2006). The Multidimensional Inventory of Dissociation (MID): A comprehensive measure of pathological dissociation. Journal of Trauma & Dissociation, 7, 77-106. DiTomasso, M.J., & Routh, D.K. (1993). Recall of abuse in childhood and three measures of dissociation. Child Abuse & Neglect, 17, 477-485. El-Hage, W., Darves-Bornoz, J.-M., Allilaire, J.-F., & Gaillard, P. (2002). Posttraumatic somatoform dissociation in French psychiatric outpatients. Journal of Trauma & Dissociation, 3, 59-74. Elliott, D., Mok, D.S., & Briere, J. (2004). Adult sexual assault: Prevalence, symptomatology, and sex differences in the general population. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 17, 203-211. Everill, J.T., Waller, G., & Macdonald, W. (1995). Reported sexual abuse and bulimic symptoms: The mediating role of dissociation. Dissociation, 8, 155-159 DISSOCIATION IN POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER 5 Favaro, A., Tenconi, E., Colombo, G., & Santonastaso, P. (2006). Full and partial post-traumatic stress disorder among World War II prisoners of war. Psychopathology, 39, 187-191. Freyberger, H.J., Spitzer, C., Stieglitz, R.D., Kuhn, G., Magdeburg, N., & Carlson, E.B. (1998). The Fragebogen zu dissoziativen Symptomen (FDS): German adaption, reliability, and validity of the American Dissociative Experience Scale. Psychotherapie Psychosomatik Medizinische Psychologie, 48(6), 223-229. Gast, U., Rodewald, F., Nickel, V., & Emrich, H.M. (2001). Prevalence of dissociative disorders among psychiatric inpatients in a German university clinic. Journal of Nervous & Mental Disease, 189, 249-257. Gerke, C.K., Mazzeo, S.E., & Kliewer, W. (2006). The role of depression and dissociation in the relationship between childhood trauma and bulimic symptoms among ethnically diverse female undergraduates. Child Abuse & Neglect, 30, 1161-1172. Giesbrecht, T., Merckelbach, H., Kater, M., & Sluis, A.F. (2007). Why dissociation and schizotypy overlap: The joint influence of fantasy proneness cognitive failures and childhood trauma. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 195, 812-818. Gleaves, D.H., Eberenz, K.P., & May, M.C. (1998). Scope and significance of posttraumatic symptomatology among women hospitalized for an eating disorder. [Article]. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 24(2), 147-156. Goff, D.C., Brotman, A.W., Kindlon, D., Waites, M., & Amico, E. (1991). Self-reports of childhood abuse in chronically psychotic patients. Psychiatry Research, 37, 73-80. Green, B.L., Krupnick, J.L., Stockton, P., Goodman, L., Corcoran, C., & Petty, R. (2001). Psychological Outcomes Associated with Traumatic Loss in a Sample of Young Women. American Behavioral Scientist, 44(5), 817-837. Halligan, S.L., Michael, T., Clark, D.M., & Ehlers, A. (2003). Posttraumatic stress disorder following assault: The role of cognitive processing, trauma memory, and appraisals. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 71(3), 419-431. DISSOCIATION IN POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER 6 Hartt, J., & Waller, G. (2002). Child abuse, dissociation, and core beliefs in bulimic disorders. Child Abuse and Neglect, 26, 923-938. Heckman, C.J., & Westefeld, J.S. (2006). The relationship between traumatization and pain: What is the role of emotion? Journal of Family Violence, 21, 63-73. Jelinek, L., Hottenrott, B., Randjbar, S., Peters, M.J., & Moritz, S. (2009). Visual false memories in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 20, 374-338. Keane, T.M., Caddell, J.M., & Taylor, K.L. (1988). Mississippi Scale for Combat-Related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: three studies in reliability and validity. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 56, 85-90. Kent, A., Waller, G., & Dagnan, D. (1999). A greater role of emotional than physical or sexual abuse in predicting disordered eating attitudes: The role of mediating variables. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 25, 159-167. Koopman, C., Classen, C., & Spiegel, D.A. (1994). Predictors of posttraumatic stress symptoms among survivors of the Oakland/Berkeley, Calif., firestorm. American Journal of Psychiatry, 151(6), 888-894. Lyttle, N., Dorahy, M., Hanna, D., & Huntjens, R. (2010). Conceptual and perceptual priming and dissociation in chronic posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 119, 777-790. Mercado, R., Martinez-Taboas, A., & Pedrosa, O. (2008). Childhood sexual abuse, eating disturbance and dissociation: A study in Puerto Rico. Journal of Psychological Trauma 7, 298-309. Merckelbach, H., Horselenberg, R., & Schmidt, H. (2002). Modeling the connection between self-reported trauma and dissociation in a student sample. Personality and Individual Difference, 32, 695-705 DISSOCIATION IN POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER 7 Merckelbach, H., & Jelicic, M. (2004). Dissociative symptoms are related to endorsement of vague trauma items. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 45, 70-75. Miller, D.A.F., McCluskey-Fawcett, K., & Irving, L.M. (1993). The relationship between childhood sexual abuse and subsequent onset of bulimia nervosa Child Abuse and Neglect, 17, 305-314. Murray, J., Ehlers, A., & Mayou, R.A. (2002). Dissociation and post-traumatic stress disorder: Two prospective studies of road traffic accident survivors. British Journal of Psychiatry, 180(4), 363-368. Nijenhuis, E.R.S., Van der Hart, O., & Kruger, K. (2002). The psychometric characteristics of the Traumatic Experiences Checklist (TEC): First findings among psychiatric outpatients. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 9, 200-210. Nijman, H.L., Dautzenberg, M., Merckelbach, H.L., Jung, P., Wessel, I., & del Campo, J.A. (1999). Self-mutilating behaviour of psychiatric inpatients. European Psychiatry, 14, 4-10. Poythress, N.G., Skeem, J.L., & Lilienfeld, S.O. (2006). Associations among early abuse, dissociation, and psychopathy in an offender sample. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 115, 288-297. Pribor, E.F., Yutzy, S.H., Dean, J.T., & Wetzel, R.D. (1993). Briquet's syndrome, dissociation, and abuse. American Journal of Psychiatry, 150, 1507-1511. Ross, C.A., Anderson, F., & Clark, P. (1994). Child abuse and the positive symptoms of schizophrenia. Hospital and Community Psychiatry, 45, 489-491. Ruiz, M.A., Poythress, N.G., Lilienfeld, S.O., & Douglas, K.S. (2008). Factor structure and correlates of the Dissociative Experiences Scale in a large offender sample. Assessment, 15(4), 511-521. DISSOCIATION IN POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER 8 Sanders, B., & Becker-Lausen, E. (1995). The measurement of psychological maltreatment: Early data on the child abuse and trauma scale. Child Abuse & Neglect, 19, 315-323. Sanders, S. (1986). The Perception Alteration Scale: A scale measuring dissociation. American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis, 29, 95102. Schapiro, J.A., Glynn, S.M., Foy, D.W., & Yavorsky, C. (2002). Participation in war-zone atrocities and trait dissociation among Vietnam veterans with combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of Trauma & Dissociation, 3, 107-114. Smith, S., & Carlson, E.B. (2011). Validation and norms for trauma-related measures in general population samples. Manuscript submitted for publication. Somer, E. (2003). Prediction of abstinence from heroin addiction by childhood trauma, dissociation, and extent of psychosocial treatment. Addiction Research and Theory, 11(5), 339-348. Spitzer, C., Vogel, M., Barnow, S., Freyberger, H.J., & Grabe, H.J. (2007). Psychopathology and alexithymia in severe mental illness: the impact of trauma and posttraumatic stress symptoms. European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, 257, 191-196. Steinberg, M., Rounsaville, B., & Cicchetti, D.V. (1990). The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III--R dissociative disorders: Preliminary report on a new diagnostic instrument. American Journal of Psychiatry, 147(1), 76-82. Temple, J.R., Weston, R., Rodriguez, B.F., & Marshall, L.L. (2007). Differing effects of partner and nonpartner sexual assault on women's mental health. Violence Against Women, 13, 285-297. van der Boom, K.J., van den Hout, M.A., & Huntjens, R.J. (2010). Psychoform and somatoform dissociation, traumatic experiences and fantasy proneness in somatoform disorders. Personality and Individual Differences, 48, 447-451. DISSOCIATION IN POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER 9 Vanwesenbeeck, I., de Graaf, R., van Zessen, G., Straver, C.J., & Visser, J.H. (1995). Professional HIV risk taking, levels of victimization, and well-being in female prostitutes in the Netherlands. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 24, 503-515. Waller, N., Putnam, F., & Carlson, E.B. (1996). Types of dissociation and dissociative types: A taxometric analysis of dissociative experiences. Psychological methods, 1(3), 300. Warshaw, M.G., Fierman, E., Pratt, L., Hunt, M., Yonkers, K.A., Massion, A.O., et al. (1993). Quality of life and dissociation in anxiety disorder patients with histories of trauma or PTSD. American Journal of Psychiatry, 150, 1512-1516. Weiss, D.S., Marmar, C.R., Metzler, T.J., & Ronfeldt, H.M. (1995). Predicting symptomatic distress in emergency services personnel. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 63, 361-368. Yehuda, R., Elkin, A., Binder-Brynes, K., Kahana, B., Southwick, S.M., Schmeidler, J., et al. (1996). Dissociation in aging Holocaust survivors. American Journal of Psychiatry, 153, 935-940. Zelikovsky, N., & Lynn, S.J. (2002). Childhood psychological and physical abuse: Psychopathology, dissociation, and Axis I diagnosis. Journal of Trauma & Dissociation, 3, 27-58.