Nils Rettenmaier, Heiko Keller, Guido A. Reinhardt
IFEU – Institute for Energy and Environmental Research Heidelberg
Wilckensstr. 3
69120 Heidelberg
Germany
Corresponding author:
Nils Rettenmaier phone: +49 6221 4767-24, fax: -19 nils.rettenmaier@ifeu.de
Table S1 Life cycle inventory data used in this study
Process Substance / process
Harvesting
Wood processing Power from hard coal
Heat from light fuel oil and natural gas
Diesel
Emissions from diesel combustion in tractor / mobile machinery
Borax
Glue (Urea formaldehyde resin)
Transport processes
End of life / energy generation
Truck
Ocean-going vessel
Emissions from combustion of wood in heat / power plant
Substituted products
Diesel
Emissions from diesel combustion in tractor / mobile machinery
Fertiliser (compensation for removed biomass)
Spruce wood products
Power
Heat
1: Updated data based on Borken et al.
1999 and Knörr et al.
2012
5
3
3
2: Updated data based on Patyk & Reinhardt 1997 and EFMA 2000
3: Updated data based on Kaltschmitt & Reinhardt 1997, Ecoinvent 2010 and Gemis 2011
4: Ecoinvent 2010
5: Gärtner et al.
2013
Data sources
1
4
4
3
3
1
1
1
2
1
1
3

Table S2 Net energy conversion efficiencies for oil palm wood used in this study
Scenario Heat generation
[MJ heat / MJ lower heating value]
50 %
Power generation
[MJ power / MJ lower heating value]
0 %
“Inefficient heat generation” (for furniture and energy production) and
“Extra trunks for heat” (furniture production)
“Efficient heat generation” (for furniture and energy production)
“Combined heat and power” (for furniture and energy production)
Energy production from oil palm wood chips and recovered oil palm and spruce wood (end of life) in
Europe
80 %
70 %
70 %**
-2 %*
12 %
12 %
* Negative efficiencies arise if the plant consumes power for operation but does not produce any.
** Only 80 % of the generated heat is used and thus replaces conventionally produced heat due to varying heat and power demands (Gärtner et al.
2013).
Borken J, Patyk A, Reinhardt GA (1999) Basisdaten für ökologische Bilanzierungen . Verlag
Vieweg, Braunschweig / Wiesbaden, 223 pp.
European Fertilizer Manufacturers‘ Association (EFMA) (2000)
Best available techniques for pollution prevention and control in the European fertilizer industry . Brochure 2:
Production of nitric acid, Brussels. Available at: http://www.fertilizerseurope.com/site/index.php?id=390 (accessed 13 May 2013)
Ecoinvent (2010) Frischknecht R et al. ecoinvent Data V2.2 –
Ökoinventare für Energiesysteme . ESU-services, Uster, Switzerland. Available at: http://www.ecoinvent.org
(accessed 13 May 2013)
GEMIS (2011) Globales Emissions-Modell Integrierter Systeme (GEMIS) Version 4.7.
Available at: http://www.iinas.org/gemis-download-en.html
(accessed 13 May 2013)

Kaltschmitt M, Reinhardt GA (eds.) (1997) Nachwachsende Energieträger. Grundlagen,
Verfahren, ökologische Bilanzierung
. Verlag Vieweg, Braunschweig, 527 pp.
Knörr W, Heidt C, Schacht A (2012) Aktualisierung ”Daten- und Rechenmodell:
Energieverbrauch und Schadstoffemissionen des motorisierten Verkehrs in Deutschland
1960-2030“ (TREMOD) für die Emissionsberichterstattung 2013 (Berichtsperiode
1990-2011) . Institut für Energie- und Umweltforschung Heidelberg, Heidelberg,
Germany, 72 pp. Available at: http://ifeu.de/verkehrundumwelt/pdf/IFEU%282012%29_Bericht%20TREMOD%20FK
Z%20360%2016%20037_121113.pdf
(accessed 13 May 2013)
Patyk A, Reinhardt GA (1997)
Düngemittel - Energie- und Stoffstrombilanzen
. Verlag
Vieweg, Braunschweig, 223 pp.