Chapter 12 Test A
PLEASE DO NOT WRITE ON TEST
True/False Indicate whether the statement is true or false. Mark A for TRUE and B for FALSE
1. Christianity greatly influenced both art and architecture in the Byzantine Empire.
2. Because Italian monks traveled to Russia in AD 863, it was the Roman version of Christianity that spread to
Russia.
3. The Cyrillic alphabet was developed to write the sacred text of the Slavic pagan religion.
4. After the schism of 1054, a semi-independent Christian church was set up in Russia that eventually became the
Russian Orthodox Church.
5. Alexander Nevsky defeated the Teutonic Knights by luring them onto thinning ice.
6. During the Middle Ages, groups of monks began living together in monasteries and abiding by a strict code of
rules.
7. The most common form of monasticism in most of Europe during the Middle Ages was Benedictine monasticism.
8. The Ottoman Turks conquered the city of Constantinople and renamed it Istanbul.
9. After Vladimir’s conversion to Islam he built libraries and schools in Kievan Russia.
10. The conversion to Christianity of people such as the Anglo-Saxons and the Franks helped to make western Europe
largely a Christian society.
Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
11. Some Christians objected to the presence of icons in churches because they believed
a. icons gave iconoclasts too much power.
b. the use of icons was too close to the worship of idols.
c. icons would be used to teach illiterate people about Christianity.
d. icons had little artistic merit.
12. The schism of 1054
a. increased the power of the pope.
b. ended the golden age of Byzantine art and architecture.
c. created two distinct churches.
d. led to the beginning of Muslim invasions of the Byzantine Empire.
13. Government officials located in Constantinople could be described as
a. Roman Catholic.
c. educated and cultured aristocrats.
b. militaristic.
d. uncultured peasants.
14. Yaroslav successfully dealt with western Europe by
a. promising to make Roman Catholicism the state religion.
b. threatening to attack with his mighty army.
c. arranging marriages between his daughters and European princes.
d. bringing order and peace to the Slavs.
“’Our whole land is great and rich, but there is no order in it. Come to rule and reign over us.’”
—The Russian Primary Chronicle, 860-862
15. Read the quote from The Russian Primary Chronicle. Based on your knowledge of the chapter, who is speaking?
a. the Rus
c. Oleg
b. the Slavs
d. Yaroslav
16. Cyril and Methodius successfully converted many Moravians to Christianity because they
a. spoke Russian.
c. had the backing of the pope.
b. possessed superior weapons.
d. spoke the Slavonic language.
17. The Mongols did not bring destruction and devastation to much of Russia because
a. they never completely conquered it.
b. a Russian prince discouraged rebellions against Mongol conquerors.
c. the Swedes drove them out.
d. most of the area was uninhabited.
18. What was the goal of the Teutonic Knights?
a. to banish Jews from Germany
b. to conquer the Swedes
19. After the Mongols, Russia was ruled by the
a. Swedes.
b. Germans.
c. to force Russians to convert to Roman Catholicism
d. to set up a feudal society in Russia
c. Tatars.
d. Americans.
20. The Byzantine Empire and the Russian people began a close connection when
a. Oleg successfully attacked Constantinople.
b. Rurik signed a trade agreement with Justinian.
c. the Byzantines helped the Rus defend against a Mongol invasion.
d. Prince Andrew Bogolyubsky conquered Kiev.
21. Who was responsible for the successful introduction of Christianity to England?
a. Augustine of Canterbury
c. Clovis
b. Alfred the Great
d. Patrick
22. The author of City of God argued that
a. the Visigoths’ sack of Rome was inevitable.
b. people should pay less attention to God’s plan for the world.
c. Jesus was human.
d. people should pay less attention to material things.
23. Monks who joined the Benedictine Order
a. had to have a university education.
b. took vows of poverty and obedience.
c. were typically trying to avoid military service.
d. abstained from manual labor.
24. The Eastern Roman Empire
a. fell to Germanic tribes called the Vandals.
b. became known as the Byzantine Empire.
c. relocated the capital to Antioch.
d. rejected all forms of Christianity.
25. Although the people of Constantinople referred to themselves as Romans
a. the eastern emperors were not interested in restoring the original Roman Empire.
b. they were actually descendants of Germanic tribes.
c. the emperor made Latin the official language instead of Greek.
d. Greek cultural influences grew stronger over time.
26. Who were the Rus?
a. three brothers from Constantinople who set up a trading post in Kiev
b. northern Europeans, perhaps Vikings, who united the Slavs and formed a state called Kievan Rus
c. Slavs who were imprisoned by the Khazars
d. three sisters who fought the Khazars to liberate Slavic tribes from Kievan Rus
27. Because Cyril and Methodius were Greek monks
a. they only spoke Greek while celebrating the mass in Moravia.
b. it was the Byzantine version of Christianity that spread to Russia.
c. they returned to Rome after converting the Moravians.
d. they only spoke Latin and were rejected by speakers of the Slavonic language.
28. Why was the Cyrillic alphabet developed?
a. to enable historians to record the history of the Rus
b. to write the sacred text of the Slavic pagan religion
c. to translate the religious texts of Byzantine Christianity for the Slavs
d. to provide traders and merchants a way to record economic transactions
29. Which group ended the period of Kievan Rus dominance?
a. the Nevskys
c. the Mongols
b. the Teutonic Knights
d. the Slavs
30. Who was instrumental in spreading Christianity to Ireland?
a. Augustine
c. Jerome
b. Peter
d. Patrick
31. Through the work of missionaries, a Christian society formed that included most of western Europe. Historians call
that society
a. the Roman Catholic Church.
c. monasticism.
b. Christendom
d. the City of God.
Byzantine Mosaic
32. Study the image titled “Byzantine Mosaic.” It is typical of Byzantine art because it
a. pictures one of the Olympian gods.
c. was painted in watercolors.
b. has a non-religious subject.
d. is a religious subject created with colored tiles.
33. Study the image titled “Byzantine Mosaic.” This mosaic
a. was painted in watercolors.
c. depicts Justinian.
b. is not typical of Byzantine art.
d. depicts Jesus.
Completion Complete each statement by selecting the best answer.
34. Justinian and his wife ____________________ served as co-rulers of the Byzantine Empire.
a. Isadora
b. Theresa
c. Theodora
d. Belisarius
35. Built during Justinian’s rule, the church known as ____________________ was a spectacular blend of domes and
arches.
a. Hagia Sophia
b. Holy Cross
c. Saint Peter’s
d. Holy Mother
36. ____________________ were paintings or sculptures of sacred figures displayed in churches.
a. Mosaics
b. Murals
c. Engravings
d. Icons
37. After the final schism between the eastern and western churches occurred in 1054, the western church became
known as the __________________ church.
a. Roman Catholic
b. Eastern Orthodox
c. Russian Orthodox
d. Protestant
38. The ____________________ were Northern Europeans, perhaps Vikings, who united the Slavs along the Dnieper
River and formed a state called Kiev.
a. Russians
b. Swedes
c. Danes
d. Rus
39. _________________________ ruled Kievan Rus at the height of its power and prestige.
a. Alfred the Great
b. Yaroslav the Wise
c. Gregory the Great
d. Albert the Idiot
40. Cyril and Methodius developed the _______________ ______________, which became the basis for the written
form of the Slavonic language.
a. Cyrillic Alphabet
b. Christian Alphabet
c. Methodist Alphabet
d. Arabic Numerals
41. Prince ____________________ calmed his people in the face of the Mongol invasion, and saved his country from
Swedish and Teutonic invasions.
a. Alfred the Great
b. Yaroslav the Wise
c. Gregory the Great
d. Alexander Nevsky
42. ____________________ was instrumental in the spread of Christianity into Ireland.
a. Methodius
b. Cyril
c. Patrick
d.Boniface
43. The king of the Franks, ____________________, adopted Christianity when he won a difficult battle.
a. Alfred
b. Clovis
c. Yaroslav
d. Charlemagne
44. Historians call the Christian society of Western Europe that formed after the fall of Rome __________________.
a. Christendom
c. Protestantism
b. Catholicism
d. Anglo-Saxon
45. Gregory the Great encouraged _____________, or voluntary separation from society to dedicate one’s life to God.
a. Canon Law
b. Hermitism
c. Monkism
d. Monasticism
46. In the early 500s, Benedict of Nursia wrote a collection of guidelines for monks called the __________________.
a. Monastic Rule
c. Benedictine Rule
b. Benedictine Order
d. Celtic Rule
47. In Ireland, ____________________, rather than bishops, offered spiritual guidance to local people.
a. Monks
b. Archbishops
c. Popes
d. Abbots
48. The ____________________ kingdoms were seven independent kingdoms established in England by Germanic
groups that had migrated to Britain in the 400s.
a. Anglo-Saxon
b. Frankish
c. Celtic
d. German
49. ____________________ resulted from the emperor’s efforts to systematically arrange the Byzantine Empire’s
existing laws and include new laws.
a. Benedictine Rule
c. Justinian’s Code
b. Hammurabi’s Code
d. The Twelve Tables
50. Justinian’s top general, _____________, recaptured many lost lands that had made up the original Roman Empire.
a. Heraclius
c. Belisarius
b. Batu Khan
d. Alexander Nevsky
51. Byzantine art included ____________________, images created with tiny colored tiles fitted together and
cemented in place.
a. Mosaics
b. Murals
c. Engravings
d. Icons
52. Cyril and ____________________ were Greek monks sent to Moravia to convert the Slavs to Christianity.
a. Theodora
b. Patrick
c. Boniface
d. Methodius
53. ____________________ was the first to be recognized ruler of all England.
a. Alfred the Great
b. Gregory the Great
c. Charlemagne
d. Alexander the Great
54. In the City of God, written by ____________________, the author stated that people should pay less attention to
the material world than they do to God’s plan for the world.
a. Augustine
c. Belisarius
b. Heraclius
d. Alexander Nevsky
55. Some Christians objected to icons. These people were called ____________________.
a. Protestants
b. Anglicans
c. Iconoclasts
d. Orthodox
Chapter 12
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C Theodora
A Hagia Sophia
D Icons
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D Rus
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B Yaroslav the Wise
A Cyrillic alphabet
D Alexander
Patrick
B Clovis
A Christendom
D Monasticism
C Benedictine Rule
D abbots
A Anglo-Saxon
C Justinian’s Code
C Belisarius
A mosaics
D Methodius
A Alfred the Great
A Augustine
C iconoclasts