Appendix-A
Interview guide – warehouse managers
1. Would you please introduce yourself, your
background and experience in warehousing and
material handling?
2. Would you please give a brief introduction about
your company and its business?
3. If you want to rank the issues and problems in your
warehouse, what would be the problems and their
ranking? (These concerns may fit into any of the
aspects of your business, for instance physical
structure, performance evaluation, cooperation with
other companies and departments, warehousing
operations, etc.)
4. If you compare your current problems and priorities
with problems and priorities you had some years
ago, what would be the difference? What is the
reason of this change (if any)?
5. What do you expect to be your future concerns?
How do you see the future of the warehousing
business?
Interview guide – consultants
1. Would you please introduce yourself, your
background and experience in warehousing and
material handling?
2. What type of consulting services do you offer?
3. According to your experience what are the main (or
common) issues that warehouses come to ask
consultancy services to address?
4. If you compare current problems and priorities of
your clients with the problems and priorities they
had some years ago, what would be the difference?
What is the reason of this change (if any)?
5. What future challenges do you see for the
warehousing business? In another words, what do
you predict to be the main trends of this area in
future?
6. According to your experience with different clients,
do you see any issue that is usually neglected by
warehouse managers that you think should not be
overlooked?
Appendix-B
Table A.1 Classification of the reviewed papers based on methods employed
Method
Papers
Mathematical modelling with test data
[1-113]
Real case data and context
[2-6,114-150]
Simulation methods
[1,6,122,128,134,135,151-184]
Case study and empirical example
[129,137,185-210]
Survey
[211-227]
Conceptual
[228-237]
Literature review
[238-243]
* Some papers used more than one method
Table A.2 Classification of the methods employed for top journals
Case study and empirical
example
5
5
IIE Transactions (Institute of Industrial Engineers)
12
3
1
European Journal of Operational Research
7
2
2
1
International Journal of Production Economics
8
2
1
1
Computers and Industrial Engineering
Expert Systems with Applications
Ergonomics
6
6
3
4
7
2
2
3
2
International Journal of Physical Distribution and Logistics Management
1
The International Journal of Logistics Management
1
1
Total*
62
23
* Some papers used more than one method
Conceptual
Simulation methods
1
Survey
Real case data and
context
21
Journals
International Journal of Production Research
Literature review
Mathematical modelling
with test data
Research Method
5
1
3
3
3
16
15
5
3
1
Appendix-C
Table A.3 Classification of the reviewed papers (excluding literature review papers)
Categories
Operation
strategy
Infrastructure
design
Human
resource
management
Technology
Performance
evaluation
Receiving/
Shipping
Storage
Picking
Connection to
other
departments/
companies
Sub-categories
Strategic planning, e.g. managerial philosophies, expansion, outsourcing, risk management
[46,47,185,186,198,199,204,234]
Operational policy making, e.g. LIFO vs. FIFO, material flow pattern, employment policy
[5,120,147,195,200-203]
Specific considerations in warehouse design, e.g. energy, security, design factor influencing
performance [11,143,159,176,189,190,209,228,232,243]
Size of the warehouse and overall design of departments [7,9,37,49,57,61,71,72,75,77,106111,154,156-158,233]
Department design, e.g. aisle configuration, number, length [15,31,32,76,81,82,84,85,90,153,184]
Configuration of equipment, e.g. racks configuration, location of conveyor bands
[66,92,93,136,145,165]
Staffing [4,94,121,208]
Psychological and behavioral consideration of the warehousing work [41,197,212,214,235]
Ergonomics aspects [24,44,62,73,80,100,113,116,122-128,144,146,173,210,211,221,227,229,231]
Employees safety [140,194,220]
Selection of hard equipment and technologies [1,8,13,14,17,22,36,95,114,115,119,152]
Design, planning and application of soft technologies:
Data gathering and analysis techniques, e.g. barcoding, RFID, data mining, tracking
[21,29,67,104,115,134,141,147,148,169,183,207,208,222,225,230,237]
Decision support systems [96,204].
Warehouse management systems [129,148,191]
Operational aspects of equipment [25,99,114,151,163,192]
Overall performance of the warehouse
[16,33,48,54,56,69,98,102,117,118,135,138,139,142,143,162,170,177,178,187,188,191,193,196,206,21
3,214,216-219,224,226,235]
Performance of the departments or operation [43,88,89,98,166,167,182,205]
Performance of specific technology, tool or activity [26,43,53,64,65,68,79,99,168,215]
Preparation operation [120,172]
Scheduling and assignment of resources, e.g. truck and docks [3,133,137,160]
Product classification [63,70]
Storage policy [82,90,161,164,174,177,184]
Department assignment [12]
Zone assignment [2,45,57,59,70,149]
Storage location assignment [6,30,45,103-105,182]
Space allocation for different products [130]
Operational aspects, e.g. sequencing and scheduling of operations
[18,23,50,74,112,131,150,164,171,181,182]
Order picking policy [5,58,78,174]
Order batching [10,20,27,28,34,39,40,42,60]
Picker routing [35,91,132,161,164,179,180]
Automated picking operation, e.g. dwell point location and picking sequence
[18,23,51,52,74,86,87,97,99,104,105,112,131,132,150,155,171,181,182]
Combination of picking plan with other activities, e.g. batching and packing [55,101,129,202]
Connection to production [83,131,149,175]
Connection to transport planning [38,236]
Contracting aspects [19,223]
Reviewed papers
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Engineering, Design and Technology 8 (1):6-27.
2. Alizon F, Dallery Y, Essafi I, Feillet D (2009)
Optimising material handling costs in an assembly
workshop. International Journal of Production Research
47 (14):3853-3866.
3. Yu W, Egbelu PJ (2008) Scheduling of inbound and
outbound trucks in cross docking systems with temporary
storage. European Journal of Operational Research
184:377-396.
4. Bard JF, Morton DP, Wang YM (2007) Workforce
planning at USPS mail processing and distribution centers
using stochastic optimization. Annals of Operations
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5. Lam CHY, Choy KL, Ho GTS, Chung SH (2012) A
hybrid case-GA-based decision support model for
warehouse operation in fulfilling cross-border orders.
Expert Systems with Applications 39 (8):7015-7028.
6. Chan FTS, Chan HK (2011) Improving the productivity
of order picking of a manual-pick and multi-level rack
distribution warehouse through the implementation of
class-based storage. Expert Systems with Applications 38
(3):2686-2700.
7. Aiello G, Enea M, Galante G (2002) An integrated
approach to the facilities and material handling system
design. International Journal of Production Research 40
(15 SPEC.):4007-4017.
8. Aittola J (2005) Total warehouse automation solution
for the paper industry. International Paperworld IPW
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9. Al-Araidah O, Krishnamurthy A, Malmborg CJ (2007)
A comparative study of single-phase and two-phase
approaches for the layout problem with material handling
costs. International Journal of Production Research 45
(4):951-970.
10. Albareda-Sambola M, Alonso-Ayuso A, Molina E, De
Blas CS (2009) Variable neighborhood search for order
batching in a warehouse. Asia-Pacific Journal of
Operational Research 26 (5):655-683.
11. Altwies JE, Reindl DT (2002) Passive thermal energy
storage in refregerated warehouses. International Journal
of Refrigeration 25 (1):149-157.
12. Bartholdi JJ, Hackman ST (2008) Allocating space in
a forward pick area of a distribution center for small parts.
IIE Transactions (Institute of Industrial Engineers) 40
(11):1046-1053.
13. Berman S, Edan Y (2002) Decentralized autonomous
AGV system for material handling. International Journal
of Production Research 40 (15 SPEC.):3995-4006.
14. Berman S, Edan Y, Jamshidi M (2003) Navigation of
decentralized autonomous automatic guided vehicles in
material handling. IEEE Transactions on Robotics and
Automation 19 (4):743-749.
15. Caron F, Marchet G, Perego A (2000) Optimal layout
in low-level picker-to-part systems. International Journal
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16. Chakraborty PS, Majumder G, Sarkar B (2007)
Performance evaluation of material handling system for a
warehouse. Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research
66 (4):325-329.
17. Chakraborty S, Banik D (2006) Design of a material
handling equipment selection model using analytic
hierarchy process. International Journal of Advanced
Manufacturing Technology 28 (11-12):1237-1245.
18. Chan FTS, Kumar V (2009) Hybrid TSSA algorithmbased approach to solve warehouse-scheduling problems.
International Journal of Production Research 47 (4):919940.
19. Chen FY, Hum SH, Sun J (2001) Analysis of thirdparty warehousing contracts with commitments. European
Journal of Operational Research 131 (3):603-610.
20. Chen MC, Huang CL, Chen KY, Wu HP (2005)
Aggregation of orders in distribution centers using data
mining. Expert Systems with Applications 28 (3):453460.
21. Chow HKH, Choy KL, Lee WB, Lau KC (2006)
Design of a RFID case-based resource management
system for warehouse operations. Expert Systems with
Applications 30 (4):561-576.
22. Chua PSK (2001) Design of an emergency back-up
system for overhead material handling operation. Journal
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23. Curry GL, Peters BA, Lee M (2003) Queueing
network model for a class of material-handling systems.
International Journal of Production Research 41
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24. Dempsey PG, McGorry RW, Holihan R (2003) Novel
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25. Estanjini RM, Lin Y, Li K, Guo D, Paschalidis IC
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26. Foley RD, Frazelle EH, Park BC (2002) Throughput
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(10):915-920.
27. Gademann AJRM, Van Den Berg JP, Van Der Hoff
HH (2001) An order batching algorithm for wave picking
in a parallel-aisle warehouse. IIE Transactions (Institute
of Industrial Engineers) 33 (5):385-398.
28. Gademann N, van de Velde S (2005) Order batching
to minimize total travel time in a parallel-aisle warehouse.
IIE Transactions (Institute of Industrial Engineers) 37
(1):63-75.
29. García A, Seok Chang Y, Valverde R (2006) Impact
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51 (3):542-552.
30. Gopalakrishnan M, Narayanan S, Bodner DA,
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31. Gue KR, Ivanović G, Meller RD (2012) A unit-load
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32. Gue KR, Meller RD (2009) Aisle configurationsfor
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33. Hamdan A, Rogers KJ (2008) Evaluating the
efficiency of 3PL logistics operations. International
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34. Henn S (2012) Algorithms for on-line order batching
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35. Henn S, Koch S, Gerking H, Wäscher G (2013) A Ushaped layout for manual order-picking systems. Logistics
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36. Heragu SS, Cai X, Krishnamurthy A, Malmborg CJ
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37. Heragu SS, Du L, Mantel RJ, Schuur PC (2005)
Mathematical model for warehouse design and product
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43 (2):327-338.
38. Hill J, Galbreth M (2008) A heuristic for singlewarehouse multiretailer supply chains with all-unit
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39. Ho YC, Su TS, Shi ZB (2008) Order-batching methods
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Computers and Industrial Engineering 55 (2):321-347.
40. Ho YC, Tseng YY (2006) A study on order-batching
methods of order-picking in a distribution centre with two
cross-aisles. International Journal of Production Research
44 (17):3391-3417.
41. Hoppe A, Heaney CA, Fujishiro K (2010) Stressors,
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42. Hsu CM, Chen KY, Chen MC (2005) Batching orders
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43. Hur S, Lee YH, Lim SY, Lee MH (2004) A
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44. Jäger M, Jordan C, Luttmann A, Laurig W (2000)
Evaluation and assessment of lumbar load during total
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International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 25 (6):553571.
45. Jane CC (2000) Storage location assignment in a
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46. Jaques N, Morgan C (2004) Adapting the Analytical
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47. Jiang B (2005) The decision-making on an in-house
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48. Kauffmann PJ, Jacobs DA, Fernandez AA (2002) Use
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49. Kengpol A (2004) Design of a decision support system
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International Journal of Production Economics 90 (1):5970.
50. Khojasteh-Ghamari Y, Son JD (2008) Order picking
problem in a multi-aisle automated warehouse served by
a single storage/retrieval machine. International Journal of
Information and Management Sciences 19 (4):651-665.
51. Kim BI, Heragu SS, Graves RJ, St. Onge A (2003)
Clustering-based order-picking sequence algorithm for an
automated warehouse. International Journal of Production
Research 41 (15):3445-3460.
52. Kim BI, Heragu SS, Graves RJ, St. Onge A (2003)
Realization of a short cycle time in warehouse
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Production Research 41 (2):349-364.
53. Koh SG, Kim BS, Kim BN (2002) Travel time model
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54. Korpela J, Lehmusvaara A, Nisonen J (2007)
Warehouse operator selection by combining AHP and
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55. Kulak O, Sahin Y, Taner ME (2012) Joint order
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56. Kuo C-H, Douglas K, Randhawa S (2000) Evaluation
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57. Lai KK, Xue J, Zhang G (2002) Layout design for a
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58. Lam CHY, Choy KL, Chung SH (2011) A decision
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59. Le-Duc T, De Koster RBM (2005) Travel distance
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60. Le-Duc T, de Koster RMBM (2007) Travel time
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61. Lee MK, Elsayed EA (2005) Optimization of
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62. Li KW, Yu Rf, Gao Y, Maikala RV, Tsai HH (2009)
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63. Li ML (2009) Goods classification based on
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64. Ludwig TD, Goomas DT (2009) Real-time
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65. Malmborg CJ (2000) Interleaving models for the
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66. Malmborg CJ (2001) Rule of thumb heuristics for
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67. Mandy YY, Choy KL, Tan KH, Henry CW, Edmond
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69. Mohammad YA (2004) Statistical evaluation of
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70. Muppani VR, Adil GK (2008) Efficient formation of
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74. Oliveira JA (2007) Scheduling the truckload
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75. Önüt S, Tuzkaya UR, Doǧaç B (2008) A particle
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76. Öztürkoǧlu O, Gue KR, Meller RD (2012) Optimal
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77. Pan X, Ding FY, Ford R (2008) Capacity analysis of a
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International Journal of Logistics Systems and
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78. Parikh PJ, Meller RD (2008) Selecting between batch
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Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and
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79. Park BC, Foley RD, White JA, Frazelle EH (2003)
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80. Perez MA, Nussbaum MA (2006) Posture and motion
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81. Pohl LM, Meller RD, Gue KR (2009) An analysis of
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Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and
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82. Pohl LM, Meller RD, Gue KR (2011) Turnover-based
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83. Poon TC, Choy KL, Cheng CK, Lao SI, Lam HY
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85. Roodbergen KJ, Sharp GP, Vis IFA (2008) Designing
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108. Zhang GQ, Lai KK (2010) Tabu search approaches
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109. Zhang GQ, Xue J, Lai KK (2000) A genetic
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111. Zhang Q, Yu YZ, Lai KK (2006) Ant colony system
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112. Zhang X, Chakravarthy A, Gu Q (2009) Equipment
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113. Zurada J (2012) Classifying the risk of work related
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Expert Systems with Applications 39 (12):11125-11134.
114. Berger SM, Ludwig TD (2007) Reducing warehouse
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115. Dadzie KQ, Lee E, Dadzie EW (2000) Assessing
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116. Goomas DT (2007) Electronic performance selfmonitoring and engineered labor standards for "man-up"
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