Unit 3 Introduction
Name _________________________________________
Period
Objective 1: Rocks and Rock Cycle
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March 10, 2014
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1. For each rock type, define it, explain how it forms and
what the different types of each rock that there is.
a. Igneous: _______________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
b. Metamorphic: ___________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
c. Sedimentary: ___________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. How are igneous rocks classified? ____________________________________________________________________
3. What is foliation? ___________________________________________________________________________________
4. What is the difference between clastic and non-clastic sedimentary rocks? _________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
5. Explain why sedimentary rocks are the only rocks with fossils in them. ____________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
6. What is a mineral? __________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
7. How does coal form and what is it made from? _________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
Vocabulary – Quiz will be next Wednesday, March 12th
1. Mechanical Weathering
5. Mass Movement
9. Deflation
2. Chemical Weathering
6. Erosion
10. Abrasion
3. Soil
7. Deposition
4. Soil Texture
8. Glacier
Unit 3 Introduction
Name _________________________________________
Period
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March 10, 2014
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Grade
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Unit 3 Introduction
Name _________________________________________
Period
Unit 3 Introduction
1
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Name
March 10, 2014
Grade
Answer Key
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Period 1 2 3 4
February 22, 2013
8. For each rock type, define it, explain how it forms and what the different types of each rock
Grade ________%
Objective 1: Rocks and Rock Cycle – Complete for
Monday, February 25, 2013
Score _______/9
that there is.
a. Igneous:
i. Rocks made from the crystallization from lava/magma
ii. Formed through the cooling from magma or lava
iii. 2 Types: intrusive (from magma) & extrusive (from lava)
b. Metamorphic:
i. Rocks created underground either in a small, localized area or widespread area
ii. Increased heat & pressure underground is applied to the rocks to change a rock into a new rock
iii. 2 types: foliated (banded) & nonfoliated (not banded)
c. Sedimentary:
i. Formed from sediments of weathered rock
ii. Sediments are eroded and deposited under the ocean and are squeezed (compacted) & solidified
(cemented) under the water
iii. 3 types: clastic (made of soil particles), organic (made from parts of living organisms), & chemical
(through precipitation of minerals)
9. How are igneous rocks classified? Based on if they were formed above or below ground
10. What is foliation? The banding (layering) of minerals inside the rock as the molecules are being pushed together
11. What is the difference between clastic and non-clastic sedimentary rocks?
Clastic sedimentary rocks are
formed only from rock sediments whereas non-clastic rocks can be made from other types of sediments such as
sea shells
12. Explain why sedimentary rocks are the only rocks with fossils in them:
The remains of organisms can be
buried by sediments and remain there whereas the other rock types involve too much heat that the remains
would be destroyed
13. What is a mineral? Minerals have the following properties:
a. Is naturally occuring
b. Are a solid
c. Inorganic
d. Have a fixed chemical formula
e. Has a crystalline shape
14. How does coal form and what is it made from?
Rocks can contain the remains of
organisms and do not have a specific
chemical formula or shape. All minerals
are classified as rocks, but not all rocks
are minerals.
Coal is created from plant remains that are buried by
sediments. After many years of being under pressure the plant material will become coal.
Unit 3 Introduction
Name _________________________________________
Period
Score
1
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3
4
March 10, 2014
/9
Grade
%
Unit 3 Introduction
Name _________________________________________
Period
Objective 2: Mass Movement and Soil: Use
1
2
3
Score
4
March 10, 2014
/9
Grade
%
textbook, Chapter 5) notes, or web to help define and learn
Grade ________%
the terms and concepts. – Complete for Wednesday, February 27, 2013
Score _______/9
1. What is a mass movement? The movement of a large mass of soil or rocks downslope
due to gravity
2. What are the types of mass movements?
a. Creep
c. Fall
b. Slump
d. Slides
e. Flows
3. What the factors of soil formation?
a. Climate
c. Parent Material
b. Time
d. Slope
e. Presence of
Organisms
4. What the three types of soil?
a. Pedalfer
b. Pedocal
c. Laterite
Objective 3: Weathering, Erosion, Deposition and Glacier Key Terms: Use textbook, notes or web to help define and
learn the terms. – Complete for Wednesday, February 27, 2013
1. Physical Weathering and give examples: Physical weathering is the breaking down of rocks into sediments;
examples: frost wedging, friction, biological activity – plant roots & burrowing animals
2. Chemical Weathering and give examples: Chemical weathering involves the
breakdown of rocks into sediments, but also involves a chemical change of the
composition of the rock; examples: acid rain, carbon dioxide, biological activity –
lichens, water - oxidation
Erosion
3. Erosion- stream channeling? The friction of water and rocks moving in the stream
channel will cause more erosion of that channel (it will become wider and deeper)
What side of river is erosion and deposition form on? Erosion occurs on the outside
Deposition
of the bend and deposition occurs on the inside of the bend
4. Depositional features: explain each and how they form.
a. Delta – sediments are carried by rivers to the ocean or lake where they are deposited at the mouth of
the river. The sediments accumulate over time and create the fan-shaped delta.
b. Natural Levees – sediments are carried by rivers and deposited on the sides of the river where it
accumulates and adds to the river’s bank.
c. Sand Dunes – Sediments are carried by the wind across deserts and open spaces. When the wind
slows down because it hit an obstruction of some type, the sediments are deposited and accumulate
into a mound or ridge.
Unit 3 Introduction
Name _________________________________________
Period
5.
Glaciers (chap 7 in book) create u-
Score
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March 10, 2014
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Grade
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shaped valleys, how does abrasion add to this
erosional valley feature? How do glaciers erode rocks? The rocks and sediments that are carried by the ice of
the glacier will rub against the rocks on the sides and bottom of the ice flow, causing greater weathering and
erosion of the rocks in the valley.
Unit 3 Introduction
Name _________________________________________
Period
Objective 4: Beach Erosion and Shoreline
1
2
3
Score
4
March 10, 2014
/9
Grade
%
Impact Key Vocabulary: Use Textbook, notes, or web to
help define and learn the words. – Complete for Monday, March 4, 2013
Grade ________%
1. Longshore current: the movement of water along the coast of the ocean
Score _______/13
2. Longshore transport:
3. sea stack:
the movement of sediments on the shoreline by the long shore current
a tower-like structure made of rock that has been created by the erosion of rocks
an arch-shaped structure made of rock that has been created by the erosion of a sea
4. arch:
cave
5. Tombolo:
the accumulation of sand between the mainland coast and an offshore island or
sea stack
the accumulation of sand in front of a bay in the coastline
6. Spit:
7. Baymouth bar:
the accumulation of sand across the opening of a bay that
completely blocks the opening
8. Dredging:
the removal of sediments from a shoreline or opening (bay or river
mouth)
9. Beach Nourishment:
a wall that is built on the shoreline in order to prevent further erosion of the coastline
10. Seawall:
11. Groin:
the addition of sediments to a beach that has been eroded
a structure that extends outward from the coastline to prevent erosion
12. Dam:
a structure built across a river to contain the water
13. Jetty:
2 walls (one on each side) that extend outward from the mouth of a river to block the accumulation of
sediments across the river mouth
Vocabulary – Quiz will be next Tuesday, February 26, 2013
1.
Mechanical Weathering physical forces break rock into smaller and smaller pieces without changing the rock’s mineral
composition
2.
Chemical Weathering the transformation of rock into one or more new compounds
3.
Soil
4.
Soil Texture the proportions of different particles sizes in the soil
5.
Mass Movement the transfer of rock and soil downslope due to gravity
6.
Erosion
7.
Deposition
the part of the regolith that supports the growth of plants
the movement of soil from one place to another by water, wind, or other agents
the accumulation of sediments in one place
Unit 3 Introduction
Name _________________________________________
Period
8.
Glacier
a thick ice mass that forms
Score
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March 10, 2014
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Grade
over hundreds or thousands of years
9.
Deflation the lifting and removal of loose particles such as clay and silt
10. Abrasion the scraping & polishing of rock by sediments being carried by water, wind, ice, or other agent
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