Standard 4 Homework Name: All answers should be recorded in this packet. Use the specified chapter, section, and page numbers in your textbook to find the answers. Homework will be reviewed daily and collected on Friday for a weekly grade. Chapter 16, Section 3: Farmers and Populism (pages 533-539) In the late 1800s, farmers faced increasing costs and decreasing crop prices. 1. Why had farming become unprofitable during 2. Why did farmers support bimetallism or “free this period? silver”? In 1892, farmers and farm organizations, such as the Grange, found support in Populism and the People’s Party 3. What economic reforms did the Populist Party call for? 4. What political reforms did the party call for? Define: 1. William Jennings Bryan (p. 539) 2. Inflation (p. 648) 3. “Cross of Gold” Speech (use your device!) 4. Gold Standard (p. 532) Chapter 13, Section 1: Technology and Industrial Growth (pages 437-442) 1. Which resources played crucial roles in industrialization? Abundant Natural Resources 2. How did Edwin 3. How did the Drake help industry Bessemer process to acquire larger allow better use of quantities of oil? iron ore? Define: 1. Protective Tariff (p. 438) 2. Laissez Faire (p. 438) 3. Mass Production (p. 440) 4. What new uses for steel were developed at this time? Chapter 13, Section 3: The Organized Labor Movement (pages 450-457) Workers Endure Hardships 1. Describe the characteristics of a sweatshop. 2. What types of jobs did women have during the Industrial Age? 3. How did a company town restrict the freedom of employees? Labor Unions Form 4. How did businesses view the labor unions that formed? Strike Haymarket Square, 1877 Major Strikes of the Late 1800s Cause Homestead Strike, 1892 Pullman Strike, 1893 Chapter 13, Section 2: The Rise of Big Business (pages 443-448) How did each of the following help Big Business? 1. Vertical integration 2. Horizontal integration 3. Social Darwinism 4. Monopoly 5. Trust How did the following harm Big Business? 6. Sherman Antitrust Act Effect Chapter 14, Section 1: The New Immigrants (pages 464-469) Immigrants from… What reasons did they often have for coming to the U.S.? 1. Southern and Eastern Europe Where did they often enter the U.S.? Ellis Island or Angel Island 2. Asia Ellis Island or Angel Island List the differences that tended to exist between native-born Americans and New Immigrants Native-Born New Immigrants Define: 1. Chinese Exclusion Act Chapter 14, Section 2: Cities Expand and Change (pages 472-478) The People 1. Immigrants Why was each group drawn to cities in the Northeast and Midwest? 2. Farmers The Challenges 3. Lack of safe transportation 4. Unsafe drinking water 5. Lack of sanitation 6. Fire hazards 7. Crime 8. Housing Define: 1. Urbanization (p. 472) 2. Tenement (p. 477) What was done in response to each challenge? Chapter 14, Section 3: Social and Cultural Trends (pages 480-485) Define: 1. Gilded Age (p. 480) Chapter 15, Section 3: Transforming the West (pages 505-512) Define: 1. Transcontinental Railroad (p. 507) 2. Land Grants (p. 507) 3. Homestead Act (p. 510) Chapter 17, Section 1: The Drive for Reform (pages 548-555) Muckrakers Reveal the Need for Reform Muckrakers Problems Addressed in Writing Lincoln Stevens’ The Shame of Cities Jacob Riis’ How the Other Half Lives Ida Tarbell’s The History of Standard Oil Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle Progressives Reform Society and Government Social Reforms Successes (laws, legal decisions, etc.) 1. Urban Poor 2. Children 3. Education 4. Industrial Workers Political Reforms 5. City Government 6. Election Rules Define: 1. Progressivism (p. 548) Successes (laws, legal decisions, etc.) 2. Muckraker (p. 550) Chapter 17, Section 2: Women Make Progress (pages 557-562) Working Women Face Hardships 1. What types of jobs did women usually have? 2. Who were they expected to give their money to? Women Work for Changes in Family Life 3. What was the goal of the Temperance Movement? 4. How did Ida B. Wells and the NACW help African American women? Women Fight for the Right to Vote 6. What was Carrie Chapman Catt’s “society plan” for women’s suffrage? 7. What did the Nineteenth Amendment protect? Define: 1. Susan B. Anthony (p. 527) Chapter 17, Section 4: Roosevelt’s Square Deal (pages 569-575) Problem What steps did Roosevelt take to solve each problem? 1. 1902 coal strike (p. 571) 2. Railroads (p. 571) 3. Business Trusts and Monopolies (p. 572) 4. Dangerous Food and Drug Practices (p. 572) 5. Shrinking wilderness and natural resources (p. 572) Define: 1. Square Deal (p. 570) 2. Meat Inspection Act (p. 572) 3. Pure Food and Drug Act (p. 572) Which legislation helped solve the problem? 4. Progressive Party (p. 575) Chapter 17, Section 5: Wilson’s New Freedom (pages 576-579) What were the aims of each piece of legislation or constitutional amendment? 1. Clayton Antitrust Act 2. Sixteenth Amendment 3. Federal Reserve Act 4. Seventeenth Amendment 5. Eighteenth Amendment 6. Nineteenth Amendment