Name________________________Period_____Date___________________________
It Takes a Lickin’
DNA Fingerprinting
Go to http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/teachers/body/create-dna-fingerprint.html
1. What is DNA?
2. How can DNA fingerprints be used?
3. Click on “It Takes a Lickin’” under view. What is the problem?
4. How can DNA fingerprinting solve the crime?
5. How do restriction enzymes help make DNA fingerprints?
6. What is the purpose of the agarose gel?
7. What happens during electrophoresis?
Why?
8. What is the purpose of adding probes?
9. Why was x-ray film used?
10. Who is the culprit?
Biotechnology Web Lesson
Site: Genetic Science Learning Center (learn.genetics.utah.edu/)
Cloning in Focus
1. Read “What is Cloning” Answer True (T) or False (F) to the following statements
a) ____ Clones are exact genetic copies of the original
b) ____ All clones must be created in a laboratory.
c) ____ To create artificial twins, two embryos are fused together.
d) ____ To make Dolly, scientists transferred the nucleus of a somatic cell to an egg cell.
e) ____The nucleus is like the brain of the cell.
f ) ____ An egg is a type of somatic cell.
g) ____ A surrogate mother was needed to create Dolly.
2. Go to “Click and Clone” and place the following steps in the correct order
________Stimulate cell division
________ Deliver baby
________ Remove and discard the nucleus from the egg cell
________ Isolate donor cells from egg donor and germ cell donor
________ Transfer the somatic cell nucleus into the egg cell
________ Implant embryo into a surrogate mother
What color will the cloned mouse be? _______________ What is the name of this mouse? _____________
3. Go to “Why Clone”. List the four main uses of cloning. Now, rank them in order of which you think is the most
beneficial to humans. 1 is most beneficial, 4 is the least beneficial.
Cloning Use
Rank (1-4)
4. Go to “Cloning Myths” at this site (you are still at the Cloning in Focus section at the Genetic Science learning center.
Read about Frankie. Explain in your own words why the cloned cat did not look like the original.
8. Go to “Is It Cloning or Not”. For each of the following, indicate YES (it is cloning) or NO (it is not) by circling.
a) [ Y or N ] Sperm taken from a male goat is combined with a female's egg in a petri dish. The resulting embryo is
implanted into the female's uterus to develop
b) [ Y or N ] A sheep embryo, composed of 16 cells, is removed from the mother's uterus and separated into individual
cells. Each cell is allowed to multiply, creating 16 separate embryos, which are then implanted in different female sheep to
develop to maturity.
c) [ Y or N ] A cow with many desirable traits is stimulated with hormones to produce a number of egg cells. Each of
these eggs is fertilized and implanted into a surrogate mother.
d) [ Y or N ] In vitro fertilization
e) [ Y or N ] Cell nuclei from an extinct woolly mammoth are placed into enucleated cow cells.
Biotechniques Laboratory  DNA Extraction
learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/labs/extraction/
1. List three reasons for extracting DNA from a human subject.
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
2. Describe in detail where DNA is found in the cell: _____________________________________________________
3. In our virtual test subject, where did we get cells from? ___________________________
4. List the 4 steps needed to extract DNA
1)____________________________________________________________________________
2)____________________________________________________________________________
3)____________________________________________________________________________
4)____________________________________________________________________________
5. The lysis solution contains detergent, the detergent will do what to the cell? _______________________
6. What does the salt do to the cellular mixture? ________________________________
7. The centrifuge causes the debris to do what? ____________________________________________
8. Isopropyl alcohol causes DNA to do what? ________________________________________________
Biotechniques Laboratory  Gel Electrophoresis
learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/labs/gel
1. a) Electrophoresis is used to sort DNA by ____________________
b) What is placed into the holes at the end of the gel? ______________
c) By adding electric current, we can make the DNA __________________
d) Shorter strands of DNA move [ farther / slower ] than longer strands.
2. Place the steps in the correct order.
_____ Load DNA sample into the gel.
_____ Stain the gel and analyze results
_____ Make the gel
_____Hook up the electrical current
_____ Set up gel apparatus
3. In the “Gel Electrophoresis Laboratory” follow the steps to make your own gel, answer the questions as you go.
a) What is agarose made from? ___________________________________
b) Melted agarose is poured into a ___________________________________
c) Buffer ___________________________ electric current in the electrophoresis box.
d) In real life, loading samples into the gel wells takes ___________________________________
e) The black end generates a ______________ charge, the red end a _______________ charge.
f) The bubbles in the electrophoresis box are ____________________ that your current is running.
g) Staining the DNA will make it show up under a ____________________________________ light.
h) What are your estimates for the number of base pairs in the three bands? ______________________
Do some research on gene therapy in order to answer possible EOC questions.
EOC PRACTICE
1. How is the process of Gene Therapy used to treat Cystic Fibrosis?
a. By replacing the abnormal gene with a copy of the normal gene
b. By removing a portion of the abnormal gene
c. By adding a nitrogen base to the beginning of the DNA sequence
d. By inducing a mutation
2. Which process is used to insert normal genes into human cells to correct disorders?
a. Gene therapy
b. Live vector vaccines
c. Molecular cloning
d. Stem cell therapy
3. Which vehicles are often used for gene therapy to carry a healthy gene?
a. Bacteria
b. Plastic capsules
c. Powder balls
d. Viruses
4. What is gene therapy?
a. Pre-clinical testing for inherited diseases in newborns
b. Treatment of diseases caused by a genetic defect
c. Genetic engineering using recombinant DNA technology
d. Cancer treatment using in vitro cultured stem cells
5. Which of the following is an example of a condition caused by a mutation in a single gene?
a. Colon cancer
b. Heart disease
c. AIDS
d. Cystic Fibrosis
6. Write something you learned about gene therapy.