Lesson 3: Interactions Among Living Things
Name:
page 24-31
1. How does natural selection work?
2. Individuals with characteristics that are poorly suited to the environment are less likely to
.
3. Name 5 things a niche includes.
4. What are the 3 major types of interactions among organisms?
5. What will happen if two species occupy the same niche?
6. How do the three species of warblers get their food from the same trees without competing?
7. Describe the cycle that would occur if there was a rise in the number of predators.
8. What are 5 defense strategies used by prey to avoid being eaten?
Living Things Need Energy (powerpoint)
1.
A
shows how the energy flows from one organism to the next. Energy
flows through a food chain in the following manner:
Sun—
2.
—herbivores-
Because most organisms eat more than one kind of food, there are many energy
possible, which is represented by a
3.
-scavenger-
.
Energy pyramids demonstrate that most of the energy at each level is used by those organisms and is
not available for organisms higher on the food chain. There must be lots of producers.
4.
An organism’s
organism’s
is the actual home or environment in which it lives. An
is the role it plays in the ecosystem. A niche is the smallest part of the
environment.
5.
Population sizes change over time. ______________ slow population growth. The
_______________ exist because there is only enough food, water, and /or living space to go around.
6.
When an animal eats another animal, the one doing the hunting and eating is the ______________
and the one
7.
is the prey.
Organisms compete for:
____________________
____________________
____________________
Competition can occur
a population or
two different
populations.
8.
Organisms have ____________________that help them survive. These may be wings for
_____________, long arms for______________, gills for living in water, special teeth or mouth
parts or even horns or smells for_________________________.
9.
Three kinds of close term relationships among different species called
_______________________are:
*mutualism—_______________________—like sea anemone and clown fish
*_________________________ - one benefits/other unaffected—shark and remora fish
*_________________________—one benefits/other harmed—tick on a dog
10. How is a parasite different from a predator?
Lesson 3: Interactions Among Living Things
KEY Name:
1. How does natural selection work? Organisms who survive tend to have a unique characteristic that they will
pass on to their offspring. The organisms who do not inherit this adaptation will eventually die off because the
adaptation has given the unique organisms and “head start”.
2. Individuals with characteristics that are poorly suited to the environment are less likely to survive and
reproduce.
3. Name 5 things a niche includes. Type of food, how it gets food, which organisms use the organism as food,
when or how the organism reproduces and the physical conditions required to survive.
4. What are the 3 major types of interactions among organisms? Competition, predation and symbosis
5. What will happen if two species occupy the same niche? One species will eventually die off
6. How do the three species of warblers get their food from the same trees without competing? Each one of the
three species feeds at a different level of the tree.
7. Describe the cycle that would occur if there was a rise in the number of predators. If the population f
predators rose the population of their prey would decrease. The decrease in prey would eventually cause a
decrease in the predators because there would not be enough food. It would balance out then start the cycle
again.
8. What are 5 defense strategies used by prey to avoid being eaten? Camouflage, mimicry, false coloring,
protective covering, warning colors
Living Things Need Energy (powerpoint) KEY
1.
A food chain shows how the energy flows from one organism to the next. Energy flows through a food
chain in the following manner:
Sun—producer—herbivores-carnivores/omnivores-scavenger-decomposer
2.
Because most organisms eat more than one kind of food, there are many energy pathways possible,
which is represented by a food web.
3.
Energy pyramids demonstrate that most of the energy at each level is used by those organisms and is not
available for organisms higher on the food chain. There must be lots of producers.
4.
An organism’s habitat is the actual home or environment in which it lives. An organism’s niche is the
role it plays in the ecosystem. A niche is the smallest part of the environment.
5.
Population sizes change over time. Limiting factors slow population growth. The carrying capacity
exist because there is only enough food, water, and /or living space to go around.
6.
When an animal eats another animal, the one doing the hunting and eating is the predator and the one
being hunted and eaten is the prey.
7.
Organisms compete for:
Food, water, space, sunlight and one another
Competition can occur within a population or between two different populations.
8.
Organisms have adaptations that help them survive. These may be wings for flying, long arms for
swinging , gills for living in water, special teeth or mouth parts or even horns or smells for_warning.
9.
Three kinds of close term relationships among different species called symbiosis are:
*mutualism—both speices of organisms benefit—like sea anemone and clown fish
*commensalism- one benefits/other unaffected—shark and remora fish
*Parasitism—one benefits/other harmed—tick on a dog
10. How is a parasite different from a predator? Parasites do not usually kill their host organism. If they were to
kill their host they would lose their home and food source. ALSO: predators hunt their prey, parasites do not.