Second Nine Weeks Exam Study Guide
Short Answer
1. Frequency is measured in units called Hertz
2. When the surface of a mirror curves inward, like the inside of a bowl, it is called a Concave Mirror
3.
What happens when light passes from air into water? The light slows down.
4.
A disturbance that transfers energy from place to place is called a wave.
5. Mechanical waves are created when a source of energy causes a medium to vibrate
6. The highest parts of a transverse wave are called crests
7. Waves that move the particles of the medium parallel to the direction in which the waves are traveling are
called longitudinal waves
8. The maximum distance that the particles of a medium move from the rest position is the amplitude of the
wave
9. The distance between two corresponding parts of a wave is the wave’s wavelength
10. The speed of a wave is its wavelength multiplied by its frequency
11. The bending of waves due to a change in speed is called refraction
12. The bending of waves around the edge of a barrier is known as diffraction
13. The interaction between two waves that meet is called interferance
14. When an incoming wave combines with a reflected wave in such a way that the combined wave appears to be
standing still, the result is a standing wave
15. Waves produced by earthquakes are called seismic waves
16. In which direction(s) do seismic waves travel from their point of origin? In all directions
17. Longitudinal seismic waves are known as primary waves
18. Secondary waves CANNOT travel through liquids
19. Which waves arrive at a seismograph first? P waves
20. When a wave hits a surface through which it CANNOT pass and bounces back, it undergoes reflection
21. The primary colors of light are red , green, blue
22. Colored substances that are used to color other materials are called pigments
23. The colored ring of muscle that controls the size of the pupil is called the iris
24. The signals generated by the rods and cones are carried to your brain by the optic nerve
25. A person is nearsighted if he or she has eyeballs that are too long
26. Farsightedness can usually be corrected using convex lenses
27. What instruments use lenses or mirrors to collect and focus light from distant objects? telescopes
28. A laser produces light that is coherant
29. Long, thin strands of glass or plastic that carry light for long distances without allowing the light to fade are
called optical fibers
30. Which waves have some electrical properties and some magnetic properties? Electromagnetic waves
31. Electromagnetic waves can transfer energy without a(n) medium
32. In a vacuum, all electromagnetic waves have the same speed
33. Visible light has a higher frequency than infrared rays
34. The range of electromagnetic waves placed in a certain order is called the electromagnetic spectrum
35. The electromagnetic waves with the highest frequencies are called gamma rays
36. When a police officer uses radar for speed control, the officer is using what kind of electromagnetic waves?
Radio waves
37. Visible light can be separated into various colors to form a(n) spectrum
38. Which type of light bulb glows when a filament inside it gets hot? incandescent
39. What kind of waves do cellular telephones use to transmit and receive signals? microwaves
40. Broadcasting stations can send their signals around the world using television satellites
41. What is transferred by electromagnetic waves? Electromagnetic radiation
42. About how much faster than sound are electromagnetic waves? One million times faster
43. For each cell, or geographical area, a cellular phone system requires atower
44. Cell phone signals are transmitted by
Use the diagram to answer each question.
45. What does the person transfer to the rope by pulling it up and down at point A? energy
46. What does the direction of arrow B indicate? The direction in which wave is moveing
47. What kind of wave is being generated? A transverse wave
48. What is the medium through which the wave is moving? The rope
Use the diagram to answer each question.
49. What does arrow M indicate? The direction of incoming wave
50. What does arrow N indicate? The direction of reflected wave
51. Which numbered angle represents the angle of incidence? Angle 1
52. Which numbered angle represents the angle of reflection? Angle 2
Use the diagram to answer each question.
53. What type of mirror is shown? concave
54. Name and define point E. E is the focal point, the point at which the rays of light meet
55. What type of image does this mirror form? real
56. Relate the size and orientation of the image formed by the mirror to the size and orientation of the original
object. The image is reduced and upside down
57. What type of image will form if the candle is placed between E and D? virtual
58. What will happen if parallel rays of light are directed toward the mirror? all the rays will be reflected back
through the focal point
Use the diagram to answer each question.
59. What type of lens is shown? concave
60. What effect does the lens have on parallel light rays passing through it? It causes them to move apart
61. On which side of the lens—left or right—would the focal point appear to be? The left side
62. What type of image does this lens form? Virtual image
63.
How does the shape of the lens compare to the shape of the lens in your eye? The lens in the diagram
is thinner in the middle than the edges or concave. The lens of your eye is convex lens which means that it is
thicker in the middle than the edges
64. Which condition could this lens correct, nearsightedness or farsightedness? Explain your answer.
Nearsightedness. Nearsightedness. In the nearsighted eye, the lens of the eye focuses the light in front of the
retina because the eyeball is too long from back to front. A concave lens, such as the one shown in the
diagram, would spread out incoming rays before they enter the lens of the eye. That would cause the image to
form farther back in the eyeball, on the retina.
Use the diagram to answer each question.
65. Name the type of wave that has the highest frequency. Gamma rays
66. Name the type of wave labeled C. ultraviolet rays
67. Name the type of wave that has the greatest energy.gamma rays
68. Which letter shows the type of wave that can be seen by the human eye? B
69. Name the type of wave labeled A. Infrared rays
70. Which letter indicates X-rays? D
Use the diagram to answer each question.
71. Which letter identifies a ground transmitter of radio waves? B
72. Which letter represents a ground receiver of radio waves? C
73. What is the object labeled A? COMMUNICATION SATELLITE
74. What does object A do when it acts as a receiver? It receives radio, television, and telephone signals from
earth
Second Nine Weeks Exam Study Guide
Answer Section
SHORT ANSWER
1. ANS:
hertz.
DIF: L1
2. ANS:
concave mirror.
REF: p. PS-517
OBJ: PS.15.2.1
DIF: L1
REF: p. PS-620
3. ANS:
The light slows down.
OBJ: PS.18.2.2
DIF: L2
4. ANS:
wave.
REF: p. PS-624
OBJ: PS.18.3.1
DIF: L1
5. ANS:
vibrate.
REF: p. PS-511
OBJ: PS.15.1.1
DIF: L1
6. ANS:
crests.
REF: p. PS-512
OBJ: PS.15.1.1
DIF: L1
7. ANS:
longitudinal waves.
REF: p. PS-512
OBJ: PS.15.1.2
DIF: L1
REF: p. PS-513
8. ANS:
amplitude of the wave.
OBJ: PS.15.1.2
DIF: L1
9. ANS:
wavelength.
REF: p. PS-516
OBJ: PS.15.2.1
DIF: L1
10. ANS:
frequency.
REF: p. PS-517
OBJ: PS.15.2.1
DIF: L2
11. ANS:
refraction.
REF: p. PS-518
OBJ: PS.15.2.2
DIF: L2
REF: p. PS-523
OBJ: PS.15.3.1
12. ANS:
diffraction.
DIF: L2
13. ANS:
interference.
REF: p. PS-524
OBJ: PS.15.3.1
DIF: L1
14. ANS:
standing wave.
REF: p. PS-524
OBJ: PS.15.3.2
DIF: L2
15. ANS:
seismic waves.
REF: p. PS-526
OBJ: PS.15.3.3
DIF: L1
16. ANS:
in all directions
REF: p. PS-531
OBJ: PS.15.4.1
DIF: L1
17. ANS:
primary waves.
REF: p. PS-531
OBJ: PS.15.4.1
DIF: L1
18. ANS:
liquids.
REF: p. PS-531
OBJ: PS.15.4.1
DIF: L2
19. ANS:
P waves
REF: p. PS-531
OBJ: PS.15.4.1
DIF: L2
20. ANS:
reflection.
REF: p. PS-533
OBJ: PS.15.4.2
DIF: L2
REF: p. PS-522
21. ANS:
red, green, and blue.
OBJ: PS.15.3.1
DIF: L2
22. ANS:
pigments.
REF: p. PS-614
OBJ: PS.18.1.3
DIF: L1
23. ANS:
iris.
REF: p. PS-615
OBJ: PS.18.1.3
DIF: L1
24. ANS:
optic nerve.
REF: p. PS-630
OBJ: PS.18.4.1
DIF: L1
REF: p. PS-630
25. ANS:
has eyeballs that are a little too long.
OBJ: PS.18.4.1
DIF: L2
26. ANS:
convex lenses.
REF: p. PS-632
OBJ: PS.18.4.2
DIF: L2
27. ANS:
telescopes
REF: p. PS-632
OBJ: PS.18.4.2
DIF: L1
28. ANS:
is coherent.
REF: p. PS-634
OBJ: PS.18.5.1
DIF: L2
29. ANS:
optical fibers.
REF: p. PS-636
OBJ: PS.18.5.2
DIF: L1
REF: p. PS-640
30. ANS:
electromagnetic waves
OBJ: PS.18.5.3
DIF: L2
31. ANS:
medium.
REF: p. PS-575
OBJ: PS.17.1.1
DIF: L2
32. ANS:
speed.
REF: p. PS-575
OBJ: PS.17.1.1
DIF: L1
33. ANS:
infrared rays.
REF: p. PS-579
OBJ: PS.17.2.1
DIF: L2
REF: p. PS-579
34. ANS:
electromagnetic spectrum.
OBJ: PS.17.2.1
DIF: L1
35. ANS:
gamma rays.
REF: p. PS-579
OBJ: PS.17.2.2
DIF: L1
36. ANS:
radio waves
REF: p. PS-584
OBJ: PS.17.2.2
REF: p. PS-580
OBJ: PS.17.2.2
DIF: L2
37. ANS:
spectrum.
DIF: L2
38. ANS:
incandescent
REF: p. PS-582
OBJ: PS.17.2.2
DIF: L1
39. ANS:
microwaves
REF: p. PS-588
OBJ: PS.17.3.1
DIF: L1
40. ANS:
television satellites.
REF: p. PS-597
OBJ: PS.17.4.2
DIF: L2
REF: p. PS-599
41. ANS:
electromagnetic radiation
OBJ: PS.17.4.3
DIF: L1
REF: p. PS-575
42. ANS:
one million times faster
OBJ: PS.17.1.1
DIF: L3
43. ANS:
a tower.
REF: p. PS-576
OBJ: PS.17.1.1
DIF: L3
44. ANS:
radio waves.
REF: p. PS-597
OBJ: PS.17.4.2
DIF: L2
45. ANS:
energy
REF: p. PS-597
OBJ: PS.17.4.2
DIF: L2
REF: p. PS-512
OBJ: PS.15.1.1
46. ANS:
the direction in which the wave is moving
DIF: L2
47. ANS:
a transverse wave
REF: p. PS-512
OBJ: PS.15.1.2
DIF: L2
48. ANS:
the rope
REF: p. PS-512
OBJ: PS.15.1.2
DIF: L2
49. ANS:
REF: p. PS-511
OBJ: PS.15.1.1
the direction of the incoming wave
DIF: L2
REF: p. PS-522
50. ANS:
the direction of the reflected wave
OBJ: PS.15.3.1
DIF: L2
51. ANS:
angle 1
REF: p. PS-522
OBJ: PS.15.3.1
DIF: L3
52. ANS:
angle 2
REF: p. PS-522
OBJ: PS.15.3.1
DIF: L3
53. ANS:
concave
REF: p. PS-522
OBJ: PS.15.3.1
DIF: L2
REF: p. PS-620
OBJ: PS.18.2.2
54. ANS:
E is the focal point, the point at which rays of light meet.
DIF: L2
55. ANS:
real
REF: p. PS-620
OBJ: PS.18.2.2
DIF: L2
REF: p. PS-621
56. ANS:
The image is reduced and upside down.
OBJ: PS.18.2.2
DIF: L2
57. ANS:
virtual
OBJ: PS.18.2.2
REF: p. PS-621
DIF: L3
REF: p. PS-621
OBJ: PS.18.2.2
58. ANS:
All of the rays will be reflected back through the focal point.
DIF: L3
59. ANS:
concave
REF: p. PS-620
OBJ: PS.18.2.1
DIF: L2
REF: p. PS-627
60. ANS:
It causes them to move apart.
OBJ: PS.18.3.2
DIF: L2
61. ANS:
the left side
OBJ: PS.18.3.2
REF: p. PS-627
DIF: L2
62. ANS:
virtual
REF: p. PS-627
OBJ: PS.18.3.2
DIF: L2
REF: p. PS-627
OBJ: PS.18.3.2
63. ANS:
The lens in the diagram is thinner in the middle than at the edges, or concave. The lens in your eye is a convex
lens, which means that it is thicker in the middle than at the edges.
DIF: L3
REF: p. PS-630
OBJ: PS.18.4.1
64. ANS:
Nearsightedness. In the nearsighted eye, the lens of the eye focuses the light in front of the retina because the
eyeball is too long from back to front. A concave lens, such as the one shown in the diagram, would spread
out incoming rays before they enter the lens of the eye. That would cause the image to form farther back in
the eyeball, on the retina.
DIF: L3
65. ANS:
gamma rays
REF: p. PS-632
OBJ: PS.18.4.2
DIF: L1
66. ANS:
ultraviolet rays
REF: p. PS-579
OBJ: PS.17.2.2
DIF: L3
67. ANS:
gamma rays
REF: p. PS-579
OBJ: PS.17.2.2
DIF: L2
68. ANS:
B
REF: p. PS-584
OBJ: PS.17.2.1
DIF: L2
69. ANS:
infrared rays
REF: p. PS-579
OBJ: PS.17.2.2
DIF: L3
70. ANS:
D
REF: p. PS-579
OBJ: PS.17.2.2
DIF: L3
71. ANS:
B
REF: p. PS-579
OBJ: PS.17.2.2
DIF: L1
72. ANS:
C
REF: p. PS-599
OBJ: PS.17.4.3
DIF: L1
73. ANS:
REF: p. PS-599
OBJ: PS.17.4.3
communications satellite
DIF: L2
REF: p. PS-599
OBJ: PS.17.4.3
74. ANS:
It receives radio, television, and telephone signals from Earth.
DIF: L2
REF: p. PS-598
OBJ: PS.17.4.3