សាកលវ ិទ្យាល័យប ៀលប្រាយ
I.
Build Bright University
Cow feeding
Most cow have a diet that is composed of at least some forage (grass, legumes, or silage).
I fact, most beef cattle are raised on pasture from birth in the spring until autumn (7to 9
months) then for pasture fed animals, grass is the fed small amounts of hay or straw
supplemented with grain, soy and other ingredients in order to increase the energy density of
the diet. The debate is whether cow should be raised on diets primarily composed of pasture
(grass or a concentrated diet of grain, soy, corn and other supplements. The issue is often
complicated by the political interests and confusion between labels such as free range,
organic, or natural. Cattle raised on a primarily forage diet are termed grassed fed or pasture
raised, for example meat or milk may be called grass fed beef or pasture raised dairy.
However, the term pasture raised can lead to confusion with the term free range, which does
not describe exactly what the animals eat.
Cows are among the group of animals that can be called animals. For Cambodia , livestock ,
cattle , small family after raising cattle is a lot of benefit from it , such as the drag force grease
wax can do it ... Speaking of cows , it is an animal whose meat speak specifically to support the
proposed human body cannot take others to replace it.
II.
Types of cows
We know that a lot of cows, but in agriculture cows 2
1. Cows sold for use on the market demand supply customers using the beef. Beef is used
in the global marketplace are taken beef food for humans.
Cows (colloquially cows) are the most common type of large domesticated ungulates.
They are a prominent modern member of the subfamily Bovinae, are the most widespread
species of the genus Bos, and are most commonly classified collectively as Bos prim genius.
Cows are raised as livestock for meat (beef and veal), as dairy animals for milk and other dairy
products, and as draft animals (oxen or bullocks) (pulling carts, plows and the like). Other
products include leather and dung for manure or fuel. In some regions, such as parts of India,
cows have significant religious meaning. From as few as 80 progenitors domesticated in
southeast Turkey about 10,500 years ago, an estimated 1.3 billion cattle are in the world
today. In 2009, cattle became the first livestock animal to have a fully mapped genome.
.
2. Breeding cows with milk, we know that so many on the market in the milk they supply
on the market you intend to buy milk.
Foundation years
Page 1
សាកលវ ិទ្យាល័យប ៀលប្រាយ
Build Bright University
The scoring of type is most probably the most difficult part of judging cows. Several opinions
on and preferences for type can be heard in the breeding world, which also can be adapted in
time. In the Netherlands cows are scored according to the following conformation standard for
type:
A strong dairy cow with a wedge shaped body from the top as well as in side view and with a
slightly sloped rump angle
The more a cow corresponds to this standard, the higher the score for type. All scores
between 65 and 94 points are possible for first-lactating heifers
Great dairy expression, youthfulness, slightly sloped rump angles and Wedge shaped bodies are
desired for first-lactating heifers in the Netherlands. When scoring type, great emphasis is given to
dairy expression. The cow should show not only the will to produce large quantities of milk, but
also the power to do this. The linear descriptive traits body depth, rump angle, rump width and
muscularity are regarded as optimum traits, when coming to a score for type. In other words, a 9
for these traits does not lead to the highest type score. The body depth should be somewhat
above average. Longer rear ribs go hand in hand with a wedge shaped body and are therefore
desirable. Much body depth is required with respect to the roughage intake capacity. Roughage is
an inexpensive feedstuff and therefore body depth can have an economic influence. On the other
hand extreme body depth for first-lactating heifers, in particular, is less desirable due to its
relation width bodyweight and consequently with production efficiency. In view of a desired
degree of youthfulness of first-lactating heifers extreme body depth is less desirable, because it
could go hand in hand with early-maturing animals. Very shallow-bodied cows are in general frailer
and might produce less and therefore penalized in type-scoring. A slightly sloped rump angle is
preferred since it is reported to be beneficial to calving ease and overall fertility. Rump width is
given less emphasis than body depth and rump angle in type-scoring. Narrow cows are less
desired, since higher incidences of calving difficulties in regard to these cows are reported. A rump
width score of 3 to 5 is considered to be optimal. A higher score might go hand in hand with
heavier cows and consequently less efficient dairy cows. The same goes for muscularity. A
muscularity score of 3 to 5 is considered to be optimal. Less muscularity can be a sign of frailness;
cows having much muscularity are lacking dairy ness. A muscularity score of 9 is not desirable in
regard to herd life and milk production. Moreover, the front end is taken into consideration in
type-scoring. Small front ends could result in frailness. Cows with too much capacity in front often
have a less wedge shaped body and are therefore less desirable with regard to dairy character.
Last but not least, a strong top line helps cows to get a good type score.
Foundation years
Page 2
សាកលវ ិទ្យាល័យប ៀលប្រាយ
III.
Build Bright University
Grazing
Animals grazing in rangelands, pasture, and grasslands and with little or no integration
of crops involved. About 60% of the world’s pasture land is covered by grazing systems.
Grazing systems supply approximately 9 percent of the world’s production of beef, according
to food and agriculture organization statistics. Cow feeding such as Brazil, India, China, Us,
Argentina, Sudan, Ethiopia, Mexico, Russian, Australia, Colombia, Bangladesh, France,
Pakistan, Tanzania, Cambodia, Thai, etc
And we see in the following table lists the animal feeding the world:
Foundation years
Page 3
សាកលវ ិទ្យាល័យប ៀលប្រាយ
IV.
Build Bright University
The benefits of cow milk
Cow’s milk is highly rich in calcium content. Calcium is essential for the growth and
development of bones. It joins with phosphorous to form calcium phosphate, which is an
integral element of hydroxyapatite, which in turn provides structure and strength to the
bones. The calcium present in cow’s milk has several other advantages as well. It helps in
protecting the colon cells from the chemicals that cause cancer. It is preventive against the
migraine headaches and also reduces the PMS symptoms at the time of the luteal phase of the
menstrual cycle. Calcium is beneficial in preventing obesity amongst children. It also helps
overweight adults to weight, especially around the midsection. The calcium present in milk
helps in oxidation of body fat and thus, decreases the secretion of parathyroid hormone.
Hence, the level of this hormone is maintained at a low rate. Calcium is highly beneficial
against breast cancer. It also plays an integral role in blood clotting, muscle contraction, blood
pressure regulation and cell membrane function. Cow’s milk contains the high-quality protein
in rich quantity, which is of great importance to the body. Milk can prove extremely helpful in
fighting against gout, which is a common type of arthritis. Cow’s milk contains riboflavin
(vitamin B2) and vitamin B12. Both the vitamins are functional in the production of energy for
the body. The vitamins are also functional in cardiovascular protection. Vitamin B12 plays a
significant role in the production of red blood cells. Further, it prevents anemia and helps in
the full development of nerve cells. Besides, it boosts the cells to metabolize carbohydrate, fat
and protein.
Cow’s milk contains iodine in rich quantity, which is an integral component of the thyroid
hormones tridothyronine and thyroxin. The vitamin A present in cow’s milk is necessary for
the growth and development of epithelial and mucosal tissues. These tissues protect the body
against toxins and invading organisms. Shortage of vitamin A leads to several diseases, like
frequent cold, ear infections, rheumatoid arthritis and others. One cup of cow’s milk provides
10.8% of the daily body’s need for potassium. Potassium is required for the contraction of
muscles, including the heart and is also necessary for nerve transmission. Milk, being rich in
calcium and potassium, prevents the formation of kidney stones in the body.
V.
The benefits of cow meat
Lean beef is a very good source of protein, providing 64.1% of the daily value of the
nutrient, in just 4 ounces. It serves as a good source of vitamin B12 and vitamin B6, needed by
the body to convert the potentially dangerous chemical home ecosystem to benign molecules.
Diets high in vitamin B12-rich foods, but low in fat are associated with a reduced risk of colon
cancer. Organic beef is a good source of selenium and zinc. The selenium present in lean beef
is needed for the proper function of glutathione peroxidase, an antioxidant that reduces the
severity of inflammatory conditions like asthma and rheumatoid arthritis.
Foundation years
Page 4
សាកលវ ិទ្យាល័យប ៀលប្រាយ
Build Bright University
Lean beef is a good source of zinc, which is helpful for preventing the damage to blood vessel
walls, which can contribute to atherosclerosis and is also needed for the proper functioning of
immune system. Grass-fed beef is higher in Omega-3 fatty acids, which have been found to
reduce risk of heart disease. It does not raise total blood cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol
levels as well. 3-ounce serving of lean beef is an excellent source of protein, zinc, and Bcomplex Vitamins Protein helps in building a strong and muscular body, while zinc helps
create a healthy immune system and heal wounds. Beef is rich in phosphorous and iron.
Phosphorous is necessary for strong teeth and bones and Iron helps carry oxygen in the blood,
to all cells and muscles and prevents fatigue.
Foundation years
Page 5